Chapter 20 2. Flow, discover new scenery

The pressure of survival in first-tier cities, especially the living pressure brought about by high housing prices, has become an insurmountable turbulent current between people and cities.Staying in the city may mean continuing the "ant dwelling" and "snail dwelling", continuing to lament "living in the city is not easy", and continuing to perform the elegy of the "urban poor".Rather than saying "going against the trend", it is better to say "being squeezed out". Although we all know that the counter-urbanization at this stage is too Chinese, the rise of this trend will also bring another possibility of life.It is a kind of "counterattack" against "a life hijacked by the economy". Compared with being a "canned man" in the city, this way of life seems more pastoral and more relieved.

At that time, Guangshen became the dream factory of mainlanders due to the rise of labor-intensive industries and the establishment of batches of private enterprises under the tide of opening up. "Industrialization" has promoted the high-speed "urbanization" of Guangzhou and Shenzhen. According to the data of "Zhejiang Daily", in 1980, the urbanization level of developed countries was 70.2%, and that of developing countries was 29.2%. However, in April 2010, the "Macroeconomic Blue Book" released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences pointed out that China's urbanization rate reached 45.68% by 2008, but it was still far below the average level of developed countries.Among them, the urbanization rate of Guangdong Province is 63.37% higher than the national average.

According to international experience, when the urbanization level exceeds 50%, it marks a major transformation of the economic and social structure, and enters the mid-term acceleration stage of industrialization and urbanization, that is, the "synchronized urbanization period".Even so, there is still a long way to go to "counter-urbanization" at this stage, and it is not sufficient in terms of the current level of urbanization in China (including first-tier cities). The concept of "counter-urbanization" was first proposed by the American scientist Bonn in 1976. It is used to describe the late urbanization, due to the over-density of population in the urban area of ​​the big city, the difficulty of employment, the deterioration of the environment, the expensive land and rent, and the decline in the quality of life. Causes the population to migrate to the suburbs or satellite cities with beautiful environment and cheap land and rent; the adjustment of urban industrial structure and the development of emerging industries have driven the migration of urban population; the modernization of transportation and communication has greatly shortened the space-time distance between cities and suburbs, etc. , there has been a trend of population, especially the suburbanization of the urban population of large cities, and the decentralization of the distribution of satellite towns around large cities, that is, the population center of gravity changes in the process of urban development, and the urban population returns to rural settlements and small towns.

However, at present, the "pseudo-reversion" of China's first-tier cities is caused by the actual contradictions in the process of urbanization: Yi Yangang summed it up in Changjiang Business Daily: “On the one hand, the current household registration system is still an institutional barrier for young people to enter big cities; The trend is not decreasing but increasing.” The article "Multiple Enlightenments of the "Reverse Urbanization" Phenomenon" also believes that China's "reverse urbanization" is a freak created by the household registration system.It is mentioned in the article: As stated in the book "30 Years of China's Economic Transformation", the welfare content of urban household registration has created a paradox in the reform of the household registration system. The more welfare content is attached to the household registration, the more difficult it is to reform the household registration system. advance. "Household registration welfare" cannot be stripped away, people will only flock to places with better welfare, and the household registration reform will encounter greater resistance. "Financial Times" columnist Ye Tan gave an example. She said, "I have a friend who teaches in Shenzhen and voluntarily transferred from university to middle school in order to obtain Shenzhen household registration. Even in middle school, he saw completely different treatment inside and outside the system. Teachers inside and outside the system There is no difference in work, and the income gap is doubled. For this reason, he has to obtain an identity within the system at a great price. This kind of thing happened in Shenzhen, the bridgehead of reform, which shows that this city may decline prematurely.”

In addition to household registration, the core is the "survival issue".As Zhang Yi, a researcher at the Population Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said, “In fact, this is very different from the white-collar transfer in developed countries. , mainly due to the abnormal rise of the real estate market and high prices, which have greatly squeezed this class, and the quality of the middle class cannot be guaranteed. In addition, due to the expansion of colleges and universities, these newly graduated college students have squeezed the people who were originally employed. They feel too much competition and pressure because they experience part of the space for white-collar workers, and they prefer to live in cities with low cost of living, less competition, and a greater sense of happiness."

In early July 2010, Zheng Wenfeng stated on his blog that he wanted to "escape the city and go back to be a farmer". The post mentioned that from the Spring Festival to the present, he has returned to Ganjiang, his hometown in Jiangxi, five times.He wrote, "I contracted 380 acres of mountain land in my hometown, and I plan to raise chickens and fish, and become a farmer." When Zheng Wenfeng, who was wearing glasses and was full of anger on his face, said these words, his friends felt that Zheng Wenfeng Unreasonable.The 30-year-old Zheng Wenfeng came to Shenzhen in 2002 and soon opened a small mechanical and electrical equipment maintenance company, then established the Haier Star Service Center, and invested in a small advertising company run by a friend.These three businesses can bring Zheng Wenfeng an income of 40,000 to 50,000 per month.Relying on these incomes, Zheng Wenfeng bought two houses and several cars. Among his peers, he is considered a success. "But I'm not happy!" Zheng Wenfeng, a medical student, felt that he didn't like what he was doing. "When I first came to Shenzhen, I was very energetic, but later, this enthusiasm disappeared without a trace. You may not believe it, but my cousin is now managing my mechanical and electrical maintenance company. I haven’t developed clients for three years. The Haier Star Service Center has also been subcontracted to others.”

Since the beginning of this year, Zheng Wenfeng has allowed himself to relax, basically working two days a week. He often thinks about how to pass the time with his fingers. Most of the time, he locks himself in the house, watching DVDs, playing games, or going out for karaoke, drinking, and washing. Foot massage... After feasting and drinking, Zheng Wenfeng would feel empty, meaningless, and degenerate. "In short, the mood is very bad, and I am getting more and more depressed." There is another reason why Zheng Wenfeng is depressed, and that is that his love life has not been settled.Whenever Zheng Wenfeng, who is handsome and has a house and a car, says that he has no girlfriend and cannot find a marriage partner, people around him will not believe it. "Maybe it's because the circle is small, and I haven't found a suitable girlfriend. My parents often force me to get married. I also want to get married, but there is no suitable one." In order to find a girlfriend, Zheng Wenfeng joined a dating website and had sex with 6 -7 girls have been approached, but all to no avail. "Girls in Shenzhen are too realistic."

Zheng Wenfeng said that he was tired of the hypocrisy and impetuosity of the city of Shenzhen. "Where is this life? There is an inexplicable sense of pressure and disgust. If you let this situation continue, you will definitely destroy yourself. You must change." Zheng Wenfeng's ideal is to bring his girlfriend back to the countryside to buy A large piece of land, build a small villa, build a swimming pool, plant flowers around, raise a lot of cute puppies, build a farm, grow vegetables, fruit trees, raise chickens and pigs, be self-sufficient, live in a peach blossom garden. "I no longer have to look at the faces of customers, and I no longer have the trouble of city noise and traffic jams. Everything is so natural. Sunrise and sunset, the figures of two people are stretched very long by the sunset... I really want to Let me ask you, would any girl be willing to accompany me to the countryside to become a modern farmer?"

When Zheng Wenfeng had already started the idea of ​​"going back to his hometown" to spend the days of "picking chrysanthemums and going southeast, and seeing Nanshan leisurely", Liu Yong, one of China's top ten fashion designers and product director of Fujian Septwolves Industrial Co., Ltd., had already "fleeed" and went to I went to Seaside Garden Xiamen. When he arrived in Xiamen, Liu Yong deeply felt, "Without the hustle and bustle of Shenzhen, the impetuous atmosphere of eager for quick success in the metropolis is replaced by the comfort and leisure under the sun. A seaside city can not only feel the embrace of the sea within a short distance, but also has a romantic seaside long distance." Corridor, the Pearl of the Sea "Gulangyu Island", you can walk or sit quietly or think in your spare time..."

Liu Yong worked in Shenzhen for two years, and in 2008 he was transferred from Shenzhen to Xiamen. Now he has fallen in love with this city, and he also buys property in Xiamen, enjoying the unique fashion life. For him, the environments of first-tier cities and second-tier cities have different influences on his work. He said, "Designers in first-tier cities generally feel the fashion and fashion of the city and the future of people's lifestyles, but this is just' The objective laws of popular trends have little impact on my design and creation; on the contrary, working in a quiet and comfortable environment is sometimes more conducive to my organization and thinking.”

Even compared with the first-tier cities, Xiamen's human resource development is not so sound, the business environment is not so strong, and various guidance information is relatively small... But it is these gaps that are precisely the development space of Xiamen.Having traveled to many well-developed first-tier cities and inspected top international clothing cities, Liu Yong looks forward to the rapid development of Xiamen's urban comprehensive hardware, which will become the second Victoria of Hong Kong and leave behind high-level talents who are willing to compromise their living environment. In this way, It also attracts surrounding enterprises that need to improve to come to Xiamen.Although Xiamen is not fashionable today, especially with the development of the clothing industry, if you compare "Shenzhen women's clothing" with "Xiamen women's clothing", most people in the industry will still choose "Shenzhen women's clothing".But this is not a big problem in Liu Yong's view, "Because of its unique geographical location, in recent years, Xiamen has gradually become the center of cross-strait exchanges, and the day when it becomes a fashion city is just around the corner." Liu Yong is very confident about this. Like Shenzhen, people in Guangzhou have also begun to entrust their lives to a livable city with "less competitive pressure, low cost of living, and slow pace of life", just like the example of Wang Yanjun. Wang Yanjun graduated from the Graduate School of Medicine of Sun Yat-Sen University in Guangzhou in 2010. Three years ago, when he was admitted as a graduate student, he only wanted to stay in Guangzhou to work and live. However, from the first day of school, Wang Yanjun's tutor poured cold water on him: "You guys It must be difficult for students to stay in several affiliated hospitals of the school after graduation, and it is even more difficult to stay in other better hospitals in Guangzhou." In the following three years, whenever they talked about finding a job after graduation, the tutor always kindly said Remind him: "Going to second- and third-tier cities is good. With the reputation of the school, at least you can enter the best local hospital after graduation. Even if you stay in Guangzhou, the housing is so expensive and the job competition is so fierce, the quality of life will definitely not improve. " When it was time to graduate, the employment situation was just as the tutor had judged before. At this time, prices and house prices in Guangzhou had nearly doubled compared to three years ago.And his job destination is not in Guangzhou. It is a tertiary hospital in Jiangmen City that wants him. Wang Yanjun decided to visit.After going there, he found that the hospital was really good, one of the most powerful hospitals in central and southern Guangdong. The key was that the hospital had a great interest in him and actively invited him to work in the hospital. Compared with Guangzhou, Jiangmen, the hometown of overseas Chinese, is a small, clean and tidy city with convenient transportation. It takes about an hour to drive to Guangzhou. What fascinates him most is the housing prices here. The average price of the most expensive commercial housing in the city center is only 5 per square meter. Six thousand yuan, while house prices in Guangzhou can be tens of thousands or even tens of thousands. In the end, Wang Junyan signed an agreement with this hospital, and after half a year of entanglement in his heart, he calmed down and waited to report for duty after graduation.