Chapter 6 Chapter Five Encircling and Annihilating the Du Yuming Group

On December 15, 1948, after the Huangwei Corps was completely wiped out by the People's Liberation Army, the Du Yuming Group, which was encircled, still had the Fifth, Twelfth, Seventieth, Seventy-first and Seventy-fourth Armies of the Second Corps. The Thirteenth Corps also has the Eighth, Ninth, and First One-Fifth Armies, a total of eight armies, surrounded by the People's Liberation Army Corps in a small area with a width of 5 kilometers from north to south and a length of 10 kilometers from east to west centered on Chenguanzhuang. The annihilation of the army is a foregone conclusion.

On November 30, 1948, in order to prevent the Du Yuming Group from fleeing south, Su Yu issued an order to adjust the deployment of Huaye ministries: 1. The Jianghuai troops and the advance column still crossed the areas on both sides of the Pu-Hang line to break through the section of the railway, blocking the enemy's transportation, and cooperated with the 13th column in frontal blocking operations. 2. The Thirteenth Column is tasked with stopping the enemy from the north in Bengbu or assisting Huang Wei in the west. The main points should be selected in the area between Xinqiao Station and Caolaoji Railway and the area south of the Xie River between Heji, Mars Temple and Zhangdianzi. Build blocking positions, deploy blocking forces, and approach the east and west areas of Cao Laoji with small troops, carefully monitor the enemy's actions, and resolutely wipe out the enemy who invades north along the railway or assists westward along the south of the Xie River.

3. Before the 13th vertical can take over the defense, the 17th and 18th divisions should still use the 17th and 18th divisions to control the Xiaolugou, Dajigou Village, and Gaojiahu areas, and take over the defense of Taozhuang, the 11th vertical in northern Jiangsu, by means of a feint attack Confused and monitored the enemies of Cao Laoji, and after Shisanzong took over the defense, they moved to Guzhen, Liancheng, and Yaoji areas north of Xie River to gather and rest and wait. 4. Wei Guoqing and Ji Luo led the 11th vertical to move northward via Heji, Wadingji, and Hugouji tonight. With a 3-day itinerary, they will advance to Huiguji, Northeast of Su County at dawn on December 3. Taqiaoji, Shunheji, Erpu area (Erzong), and Renyiji and Wangji areas northeast of Dadianji (Northern Jiangsu 11th Zong), assembled and waited.

5. The ten verticals will also start to move north via Guzhen, Luzhuang, and Yangding tonight, and will advance to the Yugou, Chaoyang, Hu, and Lumaoxu areas at dawn on December 4 with a 4-day itinerary. , build up standby. 6. The headquarters will move to command near Songgouji tonight. 7. When the ministries are handing over their defenses, they should pay special attention to the use of small units to make a false attack to confuse the enemy and prevent the enemy from taking advantage of the gap to occupy our position again.All vertical transfer operations are carried out covertly at night to avoid exposure of attempts. ("Su Yu Military Collection" p. 432)

Although Su Yu was prepared for Du Yuming's escape, the Du Yuming Group began to retreat on the night of November 30, which was unexpected by Su Yu. Before dawn on December 1, the Huaye Frontier Force and the reconnaissance unit that approached Xuzhou reported at the same time that the main force of Qiu Qingquan's corps had moved southwest of Xuzhou.During the day, the Huaye reconnaissance team reported one after another that the Du Yuming Group was destroying factories and warehouses in Xuzhou and burning strategic materials. At noon, 600 vehicles drove west from Xuzhou in the direction of Dangshan.The radio station of our army in Huaye also heard the news that the enemy was marching towards Fuyang. Su Yu judged that the Du Yuming Group had abandoned Xuzhou and fled to the southwest of Xuzhou, so he immediately ordered to organize a pursuit.

Su Yu clearly realized that the main force of our army in Huaye was located in the south and southeast of Xuzhou, and it was one day behind the enemy's journey to the southwest of Xuzhou, where Du Yuming's group evacuated. He must find ways to block and delay the enemy.Therefore, at noon on December 1, he sent a telegram to order the Yuwansu Military Region to organize local troops to immediately deploy blocking forces on the Dangshan, Xiayi, Shangqiu, Zhecheng, and Lanfeng lines, and to control the ships and ferries of the Guohe River and Shahe River. Obstacles that could be used prevented Du Yuming's group from escaping to the southwest until the main force arrived.The order also required that the local troops of the Henan, Anhui, and Soviet Military Regions, in addition to resolutely blocking the lagging enemy troops, should report the enemy's arrival location to the field army headquarters at any time, so as to organize the main force to wipe it out.At the same time, Huaye's pursuit troops were required to adopt tactics such as tail pursuit, parallel pursuit, and circuitous interception, traveling day and night to pursue and block Du Yuming's group.

At around 4:00 p.m. on December 1, Su Yu and others telegraphed the Central Military Commission and Liu Bocheng, Chen Yi, and Deng Xiaoping, reporting the retreat of Du Yuming's clique, the tactics they adopted, and the deployment to pursue and block Du Yuming's clique.The telegram said: "Now the nine, eight, three, four, one, Guang, Lu Zhongnan, Subei 12, Bo Zong and other ministries have aggressively attacked Yongcheng, Xiao County, Xiayi, and Xuzhou and Xiao counties. The vertical enters Xuzhou from Daxu's family; the tenth vertical enters Yongcheng westward through Su County; the second and eleventh verticals in northern Jiangsu go westward from Guzhen and Hugouji along the north bank of Guohe River, and then occupy Guoyang; the thirteenth vertical Follow up from the rear and deploy the second line of interception. The Central Plains Yuwansu Military Region has ordered the Shangdang-Longhai Line, Yongcheng, Boxian, Taihe and the Zhoujiakou and Jieshou ferries along the Shahe River to deploy defenses and interceptions. Nakano has ordered Zhengzhou The city defense troops drove eastward to control Shangqiu. The six verticals controlled the Caolaoji area and guarded against the enemies in Bengbu." ("Su Yu Military Collection" p. 433)

On December 2, Su Yu sent a telegram to order Huaye No. 1, No. 4, No. 12, and Te Zong to report to the No. 3, No. 8, No. 9, and Lu Zong ministries, as well as the Central Military Commission, Liu Bocheng, Chen Yi, and Deng Xiaoping.The command says: (1) Our Ninth Column has entered the southwestern area of ​​Zulaolou to fight against the enemy, and has ordered it to continue intercepting in the direction of Xuejiahu in the northwest; the Eighth Vertical to intercept Yongcheng; the third vertical to intercept from the west of Wazikou.Tonight, the tenth column can go to Baishanji, and the second column can go to the area west of Linhuanji.

(2) What is your current situation?The twelfth column must follow the enemy's westward retreat in Xuzhou and pursue it fiercely, and prevent the enemy from fleeing back to Xuzhou when it is unable to flee westward; Intercepting the enemy in depth, it is necessary to cut the enemy's marching army into several sections and annihilate them one by one. The more violent the action, the better. Not only will the enemy be unable to stand firm, but also prevent the enemy from reorganizing the formation, then the enemy will be easy for us. solve.The 1st, 4th, and 12th columns are still under the command of Tao Yong and Guo Huaruo. If the Lu Zhongnan column is nearby, they are also under the command of Tao Guo, but Tao Guo is still under the command of Tan Wang.Wang Taoguo will deal with it decisively according to the current situation.For example, after 20 special tanks arrived in Xuzhou, they were also transferred to Tao Guo's command to participate in the pursuit.

(3) The 3rd, 8th, and 9th columns should try their best to go around to the enemy's head at a forced marching speed, so as to intercept the enemy's escape to the west. Cutting the marching army into several sections is the easiest way to destroy the enemy.Taking advantage of the enemy's march at night and intercepting them with brave actions is the easiest way to intercept the enemy.I hope all verticals pay attention to using this method, but the eighth and ninth verticals should not lose the opportunity to go around to the enemy's head, and must try their best to rush to the enemy's head and block their way.In order to facilitate rapid action, it is important to leave a small number of troops to cover and follow up (but not to fall behind) for all vertical and heavy weapons and agency baggage! ("Su Yu Military Collection" pp. 433-434)

The tactics adopted by Su Yu's order were pursuit, interception, and blockade, which not only clarified the command relationship, but also emphasized the action requirements.Regarding the command relationship, it is divided into three levels. Su Yu commanded the entire Huaye army; Tan Zhenlin and Wang Jian'an unified command of Huaye's divisional interception, pursuit, and blocking of Du Yuming's group troops; Tao Yong and Guo Huaruo unified command of Huaye's divisional interception of Du Yuming's group's troops . Regarding the operational requirements, the tracking and chasing troops must not only pursue fiercely, but also prevent the enemy from returning; Rush to the front of the enemy army and block the enemy's way; the commander must deal with it decisively according to the actual situation on the battlefield.Judging from the recollections of the Kuomintang generals quoted below, our Huaye army under the command of Su Yu bravely interspersed and achieved the intended purpose. The 45th Division of the Fifth Army of the enemy Qiu Qingquan Corps was the first to be overtaken by our army. According to Guo Jiqian, commander of the 45th Division, at two or three o'clock in the morning on December 2, "the vanguard battalion of the 135th Regiment was blocked by the People's Liberation Army at the south of Xiangshan Temple. At this time, the number of People's Liberation Army was increasing. The Fifth Division immediately went into battle, and the "Suppression General" headquarters of the Second Corps took advantage of the cover of the Forty-fifth Division's battle and fled westward one after another." On the morning of the 12th, Qiu Qingquan instructed that the 45th Division should be changed to a rear guard, and that the last batch of trucks and the Gao Yumin Regiment of the 32nd Division that covered the vehicles would pass by and go west. In the afternoon, the People's Liberation Army, which was fighting against the 45th Division, went west.Qiu Qingquan instructed the 45th Division and the Cavalry Brigade to withdraw westward together. "But the brigade withdrew without waiting for the order to be issued. When the division was retreating, the People's Liberation Army chasing the cavalry brigade had already rushed in front of it. I ordered the regiments to immediately reoccupy the position. The first battalion of the 133rd regiment was in the occupied position , was annihilated by the People's Liberation Army before a single shot was fired; the heavy machine guns of the 135th Regiment were taken away by the People's Liberation Army before they could be set up; The 45th Division stopped from retreat and hurriedly responded." In the evening, the fighting was fierce.Fighting against the 135th regiment was the Huaye 3rd and 9th Division, fighting the 134th regiment was Huaye 1st Division, and fighting the 133rd regiment was Huaye 9th Division. On the morning of the 3rd, our army moved in Huaye (in fact, our army was to rush to the front of the enemy). Li Hanping, chief of staff of the enemy Qiu Qingquan Corps, also recalled the situation when the 45th Division was chased and wiped out by our army: "At about 3 o'clock (in the afternoon), I suddenly received Guo Jiqian from the 45th Division of the Fifth Army of the Flanker Army. Shanmiao issued an emergency radio report, saying that it was surrounded by the Ninth Column of the People's Liberation Army on three sides, and fierce fighting broke out. Qiu Qingquan feared that Guo Jiqian would be wiped out, and immediately called the 139th Division of the Seventieth Army to send a regiment to reinforce. After nightfall, the People's Liberation Army The oppression became tighter and fierce fighting lasted all night. Guo Division's position was gradually shrinking, and the situation was critical. On the morning of the 3rd, Qiu Qingquan ordered Yu Jinyuan of the 72nd Army to send a division to reinforce, attack the PLA's flanks, and cover Guo Jiqian's departure from Xiangshan. Temple breakout." Du Yuming recalled: "On the evening of the 3rd, after the troops arrived at their positions according to Chiang Kai-shek's changed order, around 12:00, they found that the right wing of the PLA's pursuit force had reached Xuejia Lake, and the left wing had reached Dahui Village, forming an encirclement situation." "It was late." There were battles along the entire front, and part of the People's Liberation Army was confused with the Kuomintang army. For example, when a rear battalion of the Second Corps retreated from the Xiaoyong Highway and encountered a large force of the People's Liberation Army, the battalion commander pretended to be the People's Liberation Army and avoided being wiped out. A small number of People's Liberation Army went deep into the Kuomintang army and shot everywhere, causing the Kuomintang army to be full of soldiers, regardless of the enemy and us, each occupying a village, and fighting all night. One army said, "The enemy's attack is very fierce", and the other army said, "The Communist army has fled. To the rear of my position, it is in the process of expulsion'. There was even a scuffle inside and outside Mengji, where the headquarters and the Second Corps were stationed. The fighting continued to the door of the house where I lived, and it gradually fell silent until around dawn on the 4th. Check the results, Only a few corpses that looked like peasants but not peasants and a few Kuomintang soldiers who were killed were found. Besides, there was no evidence that the People’s Liberation Army was captured. Whether the scuffle of the night was caused by the Kuomintang troops killing each other or the People’s Liberation Army really broke in, I still remember It's still a mystery." At noon on December 3, Su Yu decided: "When the enemy's foothold is not stable and his position is chaotic, resolutely block his road to the southwest, press him to the north and northwest, and first concentrate the main force to penetrate into its depth, cut and wipe out After that, the last one will be wiped out one by one in batches." Su Yu issued an order for the deployment of the first step to the ministries: Artillery from Wuhua's Department of Culture, who had revolted in Jinan, went to the front to participate in the battle to encircle and wipe out the Du Yuming Group (1) "Nine verticals control the area between Xuejiahu and Dingji (not included), and eight verticals control the area between Dingji (included), Dahui Village (included), Juji, and Datailou, and build blocking positions. And The Lu Zong controls the area between Yongcheng and the northern Handaokou, and the Subei 11 Zong controls the area between Dahui Village (excluding), Juji, and Xinzhuang, and builds a deep flank position, which is the reserve team of the Ninth and Eight Zongs. Above. All the ministries, unified under the command of the Weiji Corps in northern Jiangsu, are fully responsible for resolutely blocking and annihilating the enemy who may rush to the west and southwest, ensuring the positions between Xuejiahu, Dingji, Dahui Village, Huangqiao, Tiefo Temple and Yongcheng, while blocking Inflict heavy damage on the enemy, and try to wipe out a part of it, so that the main force can be gathered and wiped out in the second step. The specific deployment will be decided by Wei Ji." (2) "The second vertical goes to Qinglongji, Huangqiao (both included), and Dahui Village (not included), and the tenth vertical goes to Qinglongji, Huangqiao (both excluded), Wuhu, Zhangji ( Including) areas, together with the three verticals in the area east of Wangzhai and Zulaolou, the ten verticals are unified under the command of Song Liu, and the Xiangshan Temple is in charge, and the areas on both sides of the Sunlou, Yuanxu, and Zhangdatun lines are concentrated and marched forward. Dig deep into the enemy's depths, cut off the enemy's east-west connection, and then cooperate with the main forces of the first, fourth, twelve, and Bo verticals to cut and wipe out the enemies in Zulaolou, Wangzhai, Dawuji, Yuanwei, and Sunloujian areas first. The specific deployment is decided by Song Liu." (3) "The main forces of the first, fourth, twelfth, and Bo verticals are unified under the command of the fourth vertical, Tao Guo, and are the first to cooperate with the Song and Liu Suo troops to cut and wipe out the enemies in the Dachuanji, Wangzhai, Zhangxinji, and Daishiyuan areas. The task should be to follow the line of Wangzhai and Zhangxinji in four verticals, one vertical and twelve verticals, preferably divided from east to west, and from the north to the enemy's left side, and from north to south to divide the attack, divide the attack The enemy in this area. Apart from temporarily retaining 1 division of Bo Zong (to return to join the battle after the arrival of the Lu Zhongnan garrison troops) and cooperate with the Lu Zhongnan Military Region to guard Xuzhou, its main force should be along the south of Longhai Road, Qulipu in the southwest, and Dongzhen. In the Dian area, attack the enemy's flanks at Dawuji and Zhangdatun. The specific deployment of the above ministries will be determined by Tao Guo." (4) "Tan Wang will adjust the deployment according to the actual situation on the spot (Lv Lou, 25 miles west of Suixikou), and command the actions of the ministries nearby. After Wei Ji, Song Liu, and Tao Guo get in touch with the ministries they belong to, It can be close to the headquarters and jointly command the operations of the various departments. The headquarters plans to enter the vicinity of Suixikou in the evening of tomorrow (zhiri) to command." (5) "Guangzong and the Hebei-Shandong-Henan Unity Unit, the Third Brigade, and the Hebei-Shandong-Henan Three Division Armed Forces were commanded by Zhao He. They passed through the Xiaoxian County and the Huangkou area, and entered the Handaokou, Shanchengji, and Huoshendian areas. From northwest to southeast, clamp down on the task of attacking the enemy's side and back, so as to cooperate with the main force to wipe out the enemy." (6) "All ministries can adjust their deployment accordingly. Each of the successor task forces should first send a team to take over the encirclement (warning) position. The ministries are preparing to hand over the area, and they should keep the troops under control. After the replacement force arrives, the handover will be carried out. Don't relax and attack the enemy in front of you one by one." (7) "All troops should use various methods to earnestly pay attention to grasping the real movement of the enemy in front of them, ascertaining the designation, location and attempt to report immediately, and pay attention to radio and telephone contact." According to Su Yu's order, our army in Huaye gave full play to its subjective initiative, ignored the bombing of the Kuomintang Air Force, and braved the cold weather to pursue and block Du Yuming's group. "Before dawn on the 4th, the Nine Columns reached the north of Yongcheng and the Xuejiahu area, and continued to attack Mangdang Mountain. The Eighth Column reached the Yongcheng and Miaoqiao areas. Dazu Laolou and Wangzhai (a regiment of the 32nd Division of the 70th Annihilated Army) area, four verticals to Zhangshoulou and Zhangxinlou, one vertical to Yuanwei, Guangzong and Jidu two brigades to Zhangxin Near the building and the Hongheji area, the tenth longitudinal advances to the south of Dahui Village, the second longitudinal reaches the area near Yongcheng, and the eleventh longitudinal advances to the area north of Guoyang." On December 4, Du Yuming discovered that the main force of our army in Huaye had arrived, so he shrunk down to 1 regiment, adopted three-sided cover and one-sided assault tactics, trying to break through to the south.Our army in Huaye adopted the tactics of blocking on one side and attacking on three sides, resolutely blocking the enemy's southward movement, and seeking to penetrate the enemy's depth, disrupting the enemy's deployment, dividing and annihilating the enemy.Tan Zhenlin and Wang Jian'an commanded the First Column, Fourth Column, Ninth Column, Guangzong, and the Hebei-Shandong-Yuan brigades to attack Li Shilin from north to south, seeking to penetrate the enemy's depth; Wei Guoqing and Ji Luo commanded the Second Column and Eighth Column. The vertical and eleventh verticals attacked from southwest to northeast, and arranged deep blocking positions; Song Shilun and Liu Peishan commanded the third, tenth, and Lu verticals to attack from southeast to northwest, and arranged deep blocking positions.By the 5th, our army in Huaye formed a battle encirclement against the Du Yuming Group. After completing the siege of Du Yuming Group, Su Yu breathed a sigh of relief.Decades later, when talking about the pursuit of Du Yuming Group, Su Yu said: "Although we estimated the direction of their retreat, we did not expect them to withdraw so quickly. If they let their 300,000 troops withdraw to Huainan, the problem will be It's big." In mid-December before and after the Huangwei Corps was wiped out, the military situation across the country was undergoing new and drastic changes. In the Northeast, the Northeast Field Army has achieved a great victory in the Liaoshen Campaign and wiped out the Kuomintang Wei Lihuang Group.In the Central Plains and East China, the second phase of the Huaihai Campaign launched by Huaye and Nakano has been successfully concluded.Of the five main corps of the Kuomintang Liu Zhi Group, three have been annihilated by our army, and the remaining two have been tightly surrounded by our army. Half of them have been annihilated, and the remaining half will soon be annihilated. In North China, some of the 600,000 troops of the Kuomintang Fu Zuoyi Group distributed on the Pingsui Line have been surrounded by our army, and some are still being surrounded. In the northwest, the Northwest Field Army firmly contained the Kuomintang Hu Zongnan Group in the Guanzhong area centered on Xi'an. The main force of the Bai Chongxi Group, the Huangwei Corps of the KMT Central China’s “Suppression General”, was annihilated in the Huaihai Campaign, and the only remaining main forces were Zhang Gan’s Corps and a few armies commanded by Song Xilian. These troops of the Bai Chongxi Group, on the one hand, served us well. On the other hand, Bai Chongxi had his own plans, and Chiang Kai-shek could not command them. In this way, some of the five strategic groups carefully organized by Chiang Kai-shek were annihilated and some were restrained, and very few were able to make strategic maneuvers. Chiang Kai-shek's "key defense" strategic plan went bankrupt. In this situation, Chiang Kai-shek had to change his military deployment. On December 16, the day after the Huangwei Corps was wiped out, in order to prevent Li Yannian's Corps from being besieged in the Northern Aid, Chiang Kai-shek suffered the same fate as the Huangwei Corps. Therefore, he ordered Li Yannian's corps: "(1) Quickly separate from the Communist Army. (2) Then defend the Huaihe River with a strong force, and gather the main force to maneuver in the area south of the Huaihe River." After receiving the order, Li Yannian's corps immediately retreated to the south of the Huaihe River.Liu Zhi, commander-in-chief of Xuzhou's "Suppression General", moved south from Bengbu to Chu County.At this time, Chiang Kai-shek no longer had the strength to rescue Du Yuming's clique. On December 18, Chiang Kai-shek sent another telegram to Liu Zhi: "(1) The rear of your headquarters and unnecessary personnel will be moved to Jiangnan, and your officials and combat commanders will remain in Bengbu to command. (2) The Sixth Corps will command the Ninety-ninth Army, The 96th Army, the 60th Army and the 46th Army were in contact with the 46th Army and were responsible for the defense from Nvshan Lake to Zhengyang Pass and Huaihe River. The first part sticks to the bridgehead position, and the main force moves to the predetermined position in the south of the Yangtze River according to the plan to defend the river defense. (3) The 54th Army, the 39th Army, and the 66th Army (less than the 185th Division) will leave Nanjing immediately." On the 20th, Chiang Kai-shek once again instructed Liu Zhi: "(1) Your Ministry will command the troops of the Sixth Corps and the Eighth Corps to continue to strengthen the defense of the Huaihe River to prevent the communist army from fleeing southward. Do not retreat unless it is absolutely necessary. (2) The headquarters should quickly make preparations for the rear traffic roads. (3) The heavy and heavy supplies of each unit must be transported southward by the headquarters in due course." Chiang Kai-shek also instructed the Hou Jingru Corps of the Kuomintang in North China (that is, the 17th Corps of the Kuomintang): "To withdraw to the south of the Yangtze River as a last resort." At the same time, Chiang Kai-shek vigorously strengthened the defense of the Yangtze River, actively preparing to expand the Kuomintang Beijing-Shanghai Garrison Command into the Kuomintang Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou Garrison Command; and in the south of the Yangtze River, reorganized 1.5 million to 2 million troops to strengthen the south of the Yangtze River. Defense forces, for which many recruit training headquarters have been established in various places. All the above-mentioned circumstances show that after the Huangwei Corps was wiped out, Chiang Kai-shek saw that the defeat in the north of the Yangtze River was set. Therefore, on the one hand, he planned to gradually shrink his troops and retreat the troops from the north of the Yangtze River to the south of the Yangtze River, so as to strengthen the defense of the natural dangers of the Yangtze River. The security of Nanjing and Shanghai; on the other hand, in the area south of the Yangtze River, vigorously organize new troops to strengthen the defense forces in the south of the Yangtze River. The purpose of Chiang Kai-shek's adjustment of military deployment is to prevent the People's Liberation Army from continuing to go south, so as to buy time, win the opportunity to heal its wounds, and then make a comeback in one morning. However, Chiang Kai-shek was still unable to make up his mind to immediately retreat the army to the south of the Yangtze River.He imagined that the troops north of the Yangtze River would be able to resist for a while.Therefore, in the telegram to Liu Zhi, the commander-in-chief of the Xuzhou "Suppression General", it was emphasized that "it is a last resort and must not retreat."This reflected Chiang Kai-shek's ambivalence that he wanted to shrink his troops and withdraw his troops to the south of the Yangtze River, but he had illusions about the situation in the north of the Yangtze River and could not make up his mind to retreat immediately. As for the Kuomintang Fu Zuoyi Group on the North China battlefield, Chiang Kai-shek had even greater illusions.Fu Zuoyi's group was the only group in the Kuomintang army that was relatively complete and capable of strategic maneuvering. Chiang Kai-shek not only tried to use this group to prevent our army from going south, so as to cover his reorganization of troops in the south of the Yangtze River; he also tried to transport this group to the south of the Yangtze River via Tanggu. Reinforce the East China battlefield or defend the Yangtze River in a desperate struggle. Therefore, whether to let the Fu Zuoyi Group continue to guard in North China or withdraw it to the south of the Yangtze River, Chiang Kai-shek was hesitant to decide, and it was difficult to make a decision. If the North China Kuomintang army is allowed to flee south or westward, it will be detrimental to the national war situation. In order to achieve the goal of annihilating the main force of the Kuomintang to the north of the Yangtze River, the Central Military Commission and Mao Zedong took advantage of the North China Kuomintang army's belief that the Northeast People's Liberation Army would inevitably be defeated after the Liaoshen Campaign. Taking a rest, the illusion that he will not enter the customs immediately, and grasping Chiang Kai-shek's indecisiveness and wanting to withdraw the North China Kuomintang army to the south, but at the critical moment when no final decision has been made and no action has been started, while continuing the third phase of the Huaihai Campaign, On December 5th, the last battle of the strategic decisive battle, the Battle of Pingjin, was launched in time. After the Huangwei Corps was annihilated, Huaye and Zhongye could immediately launch the third phase of the Huaihai Campaign to annihilate the Du Yuming Group, but Mao Zedong pointed out that "the final annihilation will not be carried out for the time being". Why is this? The relevant internal information disclosed the facts at that time: If our army quickly eliminates the rest of Du Yuming's clique on the Huaihai battlefield, the Kuomintang's overall situation will be shaken and it will inevitably redeploy. enemy's plan.Therefore, how our army moves at this time on the Huaihai battlefield has a great bearing on the Pingjin campaign. In order to cooperate with the battle of Pingjin, the Central Military Commission and Mao Zedong ordered our army on the Huaihai battlefield not to make final arrangements for the annihilation of the remaining troops of the besieged Du Yuming Group within two weeks.In this way, Chiang Kai-shek can see that his hundreds of thousands of troops are still there, and he will not immediately make a decision to let the troops in North China flee south, so that the goal of stabilizing the enemy troops in North China can be achieved. On December 11, the Central Military Commission and Mao Zedong clearly stated in the "Operational Policy on the Battle of Pingjin": "In order to prevent Chiang Kai-shek from making a quick decision to transport the enemies from Pingjin to the south by sea, we are going to order Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, and Su Yu to annihilate the Huangwei Corps Afterwards, the rest of the corps of Qiu Qingquan, Li Mi, and Sun Yuanliang under the command of Du Yuming (about half of which have been wiped out) will not be deployed for final annihilation within two weeks." On the 14th, the Central Military Commission officially notified Huaye to besiege the various columns of Du, Qiu, and Li, and proposed to rest for a few days in the present position, only to defend and not to attack. . After Hua Ye received the instructions from the Central Military Commission, in view of the fact that the enemy had been going crazy in the south for several days, our army's blocking task was relatively heavy, so he reported to the Central Military Commission that while blocking the enemy's south, our army tried to take turns to rest in units of divisions. On the 16th, the Huangwei Corps was completely wiped out, and the Bengbu Li Yannian and Liu Ruming Corps also stopped aiding the north. The trend of the Du Yuming Group's southward invasion dropped sharply. Therefore, Huaye decided to rest in the current position for 3 days and monitor the enemy in the encirclement with a small force. .However, the Central Military Commission considered that the division and encirclement of the enemy forces on the Pingjin battlefield was going on intensely, so it instructed Huaye that day: the columns surrounding Du Yuming's group could rest for 10 days, and then concentrate Huaye's full strength to launch an attack.The political offensive against the Du Yuming Group should continue. According to the instructions of the Central Military Commission and Mao Zedong, in order to cooperate with the Pingjin Campaign, Huaye was transferred to the battlefield to rest from the 16th, and strengthened the siege of the enemy, launching a political offensive against the enemy; The Guoyang area rested and served as the general reserve team for annihilating Du Yuming's group, joining the battle or destroying the enemy who broke through according to the situation.If Li Yannian's corps committed another crime in the north, they planned to wipe it out on the spot.In accordance with the order of the General Front Committee, all the ministries of the Nakano drew up a half-month (until January 2, 1949) rest plan. On the 17th, according to the instructions of the Central Military Commission and the order of the General Front Committee, Huaye deployed and rested for 10 days, and stipulated four central tasks during the rest period: annihilate the enemy if he broke through, study tactics, organize and launch a political offensive against the enemy. On the 22nd, the situation on the Pingjin battlefield developed rapidly.Our army has completed the task of dividing and encircling the enemy forces in North China, and the battle to attack and wipe out the encircled enemies has begun. On the 22nd, our army wiped out the headquarters of the 35th Army and two divisions, the main force of the enemy in Xinbaoan.At this time, the 54th Army of Li Yannian's Corps in Bengbu had withdrawn to Nanjing, the possibility of Li Yannian's Corps going north for reinforcements for the third time had been greatly reduced, and Liu Ruming's Corps had withdrawn to Hefei.Therefore, the Central Military Commission instructed Hua Ye: You can concentrate the entire army to rest for a whole day, recharge your batteries, and rest until the beginning of next month. It is more appropriate to start the attack around the 5th. According to the instructions of the Central Military Commission on the 22nd, the Huaye Front Committee decided to extend the rest of the Huaye army for another 10 days after research, and began to attack around January 5. On the 25th, the Huaye Front Committee telegraphed all corps and columns to follow. As for the content of the activities during the rest period, the Huaye Front Committee proposed several points to the various verticals: (1) Strengthen attack preparations, deepen political mobilization, summarize political offensive experience, military research experience, and adjust deployment as appropriate; (2) Continue to consolidate Recruits, do a good job of converting captives; (3) continue to use weather changes and enemy difficulties to launch widespread, effective, and various political offensives against the besieged enemy forces to disintegrate the enemy; (4) strengthen the organization of the troops Sexuality and discipline education, pay attention to overcoming the phenomenon of disorganization and discipline; (5) Make up ammunition. From the perspective of the Huaihai battlefield, suspending the attack at this time and switching to rest and reorganization is not only beneficial to improving the combat effectiveness of our army, but also beneficial to the final complete annihilation of the besieged enemies and the complete victory of the Huaihai Campaign.At this time, the weather in Xuzhou suddenly became cold, with wind and snow, and freezing weather. The enemies in the encirclement were cut off from food and grass, and they were starving.Prolonging the encirclement of the enemy army can take advantage of the weather and conditions to further cause difficulties in various aspects for the enemy, disintegrate their fighting spirit, and wear down their vigor, while our army can recharge its energy and store up energy, wait for work at leisure, and make full preparations for the final attack. Less troop consumption, shorter time, strive for greater victories. On December 12, the second phase of the battle on the Huaihai battlefield was coming to an end. Most of the four armies of the Huangwei Corps had been wiped out. Except for a few personnel, the Eighty-fifth Army had been wiped out. The fourteenth army had no more than 2,000 soldiers left , More than two-thirds of the Tenth Army has been wiped out, and more than half of the Eighteenth Army has been wiped out.The complete annihilation of the Huangwei Corps was in sight, and Du Yuming's group also fell into the trap, and it was impossible to escape. The commanders and fighters on the Huaihai front line read the article "The Current Situation and Our Tasks" written by Comrade Mao Zedong published in Dazhong Daily and were greatly encouraged On the same day, the Central Military Commission sent instructions to the five leading members of the General Front Committee.The instruction telegram said: It is estimated that Huang Wei will be completely wiped out within a few days, while Qiu and Li will take more time to be completely wiped out.After the annihilation of Huang Wei, comrades Liu, Chen, Deng, Su, and Tan were invited to hold a meeting of the General Front Committee to discuss the rest plan after the annihilation of Qiu and Li, the next step of the battle plan, and the future battle plan for crossing the river. Feedback to the center.If Su and Tan could not go to the General Front Committee for a meeting separately, Bocheng should be invited to the Sutan Command Post to meet with Su and Tan to learn about the situation in Huaye and seek Sutan's opinions before coming to the Central Committee.It is hoped that Bo Cheng can arrive at the central government for talks between December 20th and December 25th. The Central Military Commission and Mao Zedong have the overall situation in mind and have a far-sighted vision, and are preparing the next draft of a grand article.The general topic of this manuscript is how our army will take advantage of the victories after the three major battles of Liaoshen, Huaihai, and Pingjin to advance, develop the revolutionary situation, march into the south of the Yangtze River, completely destroy the reactionary Kuomintang rule, and win national victory.For this reason, the Central Military Commission, in its instruction telegram to the five leading members of the General Front Committee, discussed how our army should rest and reorganize after the Huaihai Campaign and the Pingjin Campaign, carry out the Jianghuai and Pinghan battles, and cross the river. The distribution of cities seized and controlled by the Field Army put forward preliminary ideas to solicit the opinions of the General Front Committee. On the 4th day after receiving the instructions from the Central Military Commission, that is, on the 15th, the Huangwei Corps was wiped out by me, and the second stage of the Huaihai Campaign ended successfully.At this time, in the Chenguanzhuang area in the north, Huaye was compressing the encirclement, and Su Yu and Tan Zhenlin were all directing the battle with all their strength.Therefore, in order to prevent Su Yu and Tan Zhenlin from leaving the battlefield, Liu Bocheng, Chen Yi, and Deng Xiaoping decided to hold the meeting of the General Front Committee in Caiwa Village, where the Huaye Command was stationed. Cai Au is located in the south of Xiao (county) Yong (city) highway, about 20 li away from the county seat of Xiao County, and more than 100 li away from the northeast of Xiaolijia Village, where the headquarters of the General Front Committee is located. After Liu Bocheng, Chen Yi, and Deng Xiaoping made arrangements for the work after the end of the second phase, on the second day, that is, on the evening of the 16th, they drove to the Huaye frontline headquarters in Cai'ao Village to join Su Yu.Su Yu and Liu Bocheng have not seen each other for more than ten years since they separated in the Central Soviet Area.In the past ten years, they have gone through untold hardships, fought bloody battles, and ushered in a great situation close to national victory. When they fought the final decisive battle with the Kuomintang and won successive victories, they met on the battlefield, and they were very excited and excited. On the morning of the 17th, Tan Zhenlin also came from the base of the Shandong Corps. The five leaders of the General Front Committee gathered together for the first time to discuss the war.This meeting was the only gathering of the General Front Committee during the Huaihai Campaign. Before the meeting, the Huaye Front Committee had sent a report to the Central Military Commission to apply for the Central Military Commission to grant half a catty of pork and five packs of cigarettes per person to the troops.The Central Military Commission replied: "The Huaihai Campaign has been going on for more than a month. The frontline soldiers have shed blood and wiped out the enemy, and they have worked hard. What the Huaye Front Committee mentioned should be followed. The Military Commission has decided that all frontline personnel of our East China and Central Plains participating in the war will give condolences." Each person has 1 catty of pork and 5 packs of cigarettes. Non-smokers can be replaced by other items of equivalent value. This money will be shared by the East China and Central Plains military regions according to their respective areas.” Everyone was very happy to read the telegram during the meeting, deeply I am grateful for the care and love of the Party Central Committee for the frontline troops. The meeting of the General Front Committee was held for a whole day on the 17th.In view of the imminent annihilation of the Du Yuming Group, it did not become the main topic of the meeting.The meeting mainly studied the proposals for crossing the river after the Huaihai Campaign and the plan for the reorganization of troops. In the evening, Liu Bocheng and Chen Yi drove north to Xibaipo to report to the Party Central Committee with the suggestions on crossing the river and the army reorganization plan studied by the five leaders of the General Front Committee.Deng Xiaoping returned to Xiaolijia Village, Tan Zhenlin returned to the Shandong Corps garrison, and Su Yu remained in Cai'ao Village, commanding the Huaye troops to rest on the battlefield and deploy measures to prevent the enemy from breaking through. The People's Liberation Army's encirclement circle was like an iron barrel, and Du Yuming's two major corps had no hope of breaking through, with no food and grass inside, and no reinforcements outside.In this land with a radius of one hundred miles, the dark scene in human history has been delayed for more than 30 days and nights.Here, there is no sunshine, no vitality, the darkest and most shameless animal debauchery, shamelessness, cruelty, and greed in human society are all displayed here, and the threat of severe cold and hunger pushes the Kuomintang soldiers to the brink of death .Many years later, those who experienced that ordeal still have lingering fears when they recall it.They narrated thus: "It's a living hell, a kingdom of devils." The following are a few shots left by Chen Guanzhuang, the living hell: One of the scenes: "The living suffer, but the dead will not rest."In this living hell in Chenguanzhuang, there are no trees, no grains, no firewood, no roofs, no birds or animals, no chickens and dogs barking, and people live in caves.On snowy days, they bleakly set up the white cloth of their parachutes to keep out the wind and snow, and the coffins from all the graves were dug up for firewood.Dead bones were scattered around the grave dug up by the Kuomintang army, and the coffin boards were used as fuel. A villager in Chenguanzhuang cried and said: "They tore up my ancestral grave, the living will suffer, and the dead will not be safe!" Shot 2: Black market and gambling den.The greedy Kuomintang army is doing a lot of black market business in hell.The officials swept away the soldiers with machine guns, grabbed the cigarettes, food, steamed buns, cans, food, etc. dropped from the plane, and sold them to the soldiers at a high price.As a result, near Chenguanzhuang North Airport, a black market appeared, with stalls all over the floor, people coming and going, and it was actually lively for a while.The broken coffin boards from the ancient tombs were taken out and brought to the market. A sack of broken wood can be exchanged for two bowls of rice, a piece of flatbread can be exchanged for 5 yuan, and a piece of silver can only buy a cigarette. The money the officials seized had nowhere to spend, so they gambled wildly, and the gambling was hot. Pai Gow, mahjong, and poker can be seen everywhere in their caves.The black market at the airport also acts as a casino, where two or three hundred people gather every day and bet at least 3 silver coins or 30,000 gold coupons. Shot Three: Beasts in Hell.When Qiu Qingquan, the commander of the Second Corps of the Kuomintang Army, passed through Xiao County on the way to retreat from Xuzhou, he sent 200 women to the pseudo-Xiao county government as military prostitutes.在青龙集，全庄妇女被集中关在几间房子里，晚上匪军就拿着火柴、打着电筒去挑选年轻的出去“推磨”，以后就是十几岁的女孩和四五十岁的妇女也难幸免，到后来许多下级军官的眷属也遭轮奸之劫。投降过来的原国民党第五军第二○○师五九八团丁赛衡说：“一到夜里，各庄上娘儿们大哭大叫，十分凄惨，就像到了地狱一样。” 镜头之四：强盗世界。地狱里的国民党军官兵各人都为着自己打算，要吃要钱，于是，互相间残忍地抢劫杀戮，造成一个恐怖的强盗世界。当地老百姓的财产早已被抢光，衣服都穿到军官身上，准备随时逃跑。柴草、家具、木柱、门框、屋顶被做饭烧光，粮食抢去吃光，一直到找不出一点东西为止。 自家人内部也一样地在拼你死我活。有一天，一辆汽车载着几个官太太驶过，车上有几罐饼干，一群士兵便一拥而上，把饼干抢光了。一个姓徐的营长见状，也脱下大衣挤进去，饼干没抢到，回头一看，大衣却被别人抢去。 哪里飞机丢下来粮食，大家便跑来抢，飞机继续丢下来便压在人堆上，天天压死人，在后面抢不到的，便用机枪扫射，然后将粮食抢去。 1月5日，在陈官庄空投场，八军和九军因抢米互相火并，打死几百人，白米和鲜血混在一起。 镜头之五：疯狂与空虚。12月19日，天降大雪，空投中断，外援的希望断绝，而官兵自动向解放军投降者又日益增多，邱清泉知道末日已经来临，便托付后事，指定他死后的指挥人选。当人选确定后，又自言自语地说：“我今年已经48岁了，看也看够了，玩也玩够了，什么都享受过了，就是死也值得了。”于是，每日在司令部里找几个女戏子唱、《贵妃醉酒》，狂笑痛饮，喝得醉醺醺。有时挎着女护士到各军去饮酒跳舞，直喝得昏天黑地，回来蒙头大睡，任事不管。 被困在陈官庄地区的杜聿明集团，陷入了与黄维兵团相同的困境：外无援兵，内缺粮草。没有粮食吃，是杜聿明面临的极大难题。国民党空军运输机一天空投的粮食，只够每人每天吃一顿的。由于包围圈狭小，加上空投的风向关系，空投的损失非常大，许多空投物资都飘落到了解放军的阵地上，各部队为争夺空投粮食和物资而吵闹不休。 为了填饱肚子，国民党军官兵先是搜刮当地老百姓的粮食，然后是宰杀军用驮马，第二兵团一个骑兵旅的3000多匹战马，在一个早晨就被通通杀光分掉了，最后是吃野草、树皮。许多饿红了眼的官兵，为了一口食物，不惜大动干戈。第七十四军军长邱维达描述当时的惨景说： 士兵们只要听到收音机一响，什么也不顾了，向着投下的食物袋亡命般地冲去。我在观察所见到过，甲抢到一块大饼（因为当时投的是大饼）来不及吃，会被乙一枪打倒，乙将饼转夺过来，还来不及送到嘴内，又会被丙一枪打倒，再把乙手上的饼转夺过去。如此循环不断地你夺我争，为着一块大饼，牺牲几条命或几十条命。当时战壕内流传着这样一些话语：“见了飞机乱哄哄，甩了枪杆打冲锋，不要生命要大饼，求得一时饱腹中。” 12月4日，杜聿明集团采取逐次攻击战法，向濉溪口方向发起攻击后，进展缓慢。邱清泉兵团经过两天激烈的战斗，才推进到青龙集、陈官庄以西、以南地区。然而，在西北方面担任掩护的孙元良十六兵团的赵破楼、朱大楼等阵地先后被华野我军一纵等部队攻破，我军还于5日晚歼灭了归十六兵团司令官孙元良指挥之“剿总”特务团，并乘胜尾追，突入至十六兵团阵地内，把十六兵团阵地打得一片混乱，在东北方面担任掩护的李弥十三兵团的阵地也被我军不断压缩，战斗不止。 杜聿明于6日中午率指挥部路过李石林附近地区时，邱清泉和孙元良仓皇找到杜聿明，邱清泉对杜聿明说：“孙副主任认为目前情况不利，要重新考虑战略，我认为他说得有道理，请他再讲讲，我们研究一下。”杜聿明便与邱清泉和孙元良一起，赶到李弥司令部，召开会议。 杜聿明为前进指挥部主任，孙元良为副主任，会议开始后，孙元良说：“目前林彪已率大军南下，我们攻击进展迟缓，掩护阵地又处处被突破，再战下去前途不乐观，现在突围尚有可为。将在外，君命有所不受。目前只有请主任当机立断，才可以拯救大军。” 孙元良讲得十分动听，邱清泉在旁随声附和：“良公的见解高明。”李弥则保持沉默，在孙元良、邱清泉的竭力鼓动下，最后表示：“请主任决定，我照命令办。” 面对3位兵团司令官的意见和表态，杜聿明心情十分沉重。他左右为难地说：“将在外，君命有所不受。如果3天以前大家按这句话办，就可以全师而归，对得起老头子了，今天做恐怕晚了。敌人重重包围，能打出一条血路还有希望，否则重武器丢光，分头突围，既违抗命令，又不能全师，有何面目见老头子呢？” 当邱清泉表示“亡羊补牢，犹未晚也”后，杜聿明接着说：“只要能打破一方，一个兵团突破一路，还有一线曙光，我也同意。万一各兵团打不破敌人，反不如照他的命令坚持打到底，老头子有办法就请他集中全力救我们出去，否则我们只有为他效忠了事。在我判断，林彪入关后南下，至少还要1个月，在这一月之内，我们牵住敌人，请老头子调兵与敌人决战，还是有希望的，如果目前林彪已南下，老头子调兵也来不及，关键就在这里。” 听了杜聿明的叙说，孙元良、邱清泉、李弥3位司令官都未表示愿意为蒋介石效忠，仍然讨论着如何利用空隙逃出包围圈，特别是孙元良极力主张突围。 见此情况，杜聿明只好说：“只要大家一致认为突围可以成功，我就下命令，但各兵团必须侦察好突破点，重武器、车辆非至不得已时，不能丢掉，笨重物资可先破坏。你们能做到这一点，我就可以下命令。” 会议至下午3时结束，决定分头突围，到阜阳集合，这便是杜聿明集团第一次突围的决策过程。 杜聿明集团的第一次突围以损失1个兵团而告终，孙元良兵团率先结束了在淮海战役中的使命。 孙元良兵团于6日晚20时，分成多路纵队开始突围行动，而邱清泉、李弥两兵团却按兵未动。 李弥（1902-1973），云南盈江县人，黄埔四期学生，曾在国民革命军第三军供职。1927年“四一二”反革命政变后，投靠蒋介石，参加新军阀混战和对工农红军的“围剿”。1938年任国民党三十六军二六八旅旅长。1939年起，历任国民党第五师副师长、荣誉第一师师长、第八军副军长。 1944年，参加中国远征军，赴缅甸作战，任第八军军长。解放战争时期，参加蒋介石的反共内战。 1948年7月，任国民党第十三兵团司令官。李弥十三兵团组建时，辖第八、第九、第三十军等3个军。淮海战役发起前，第三十九军在葫芦岛，后调至蚌埠归属第六兵团系列（虽然在淮海战役后期，在包围圈内又成立了六十四军和一一五军归他指挥，但这两个军是仓促成立的，六十四军由王洪九部及收编的散兵游勇组成，共4000余人；一一五军由第三十九师司元恺部扩编而成，所属的一八○师仅3000余人，这两个军没有多少战斗力），因此，李弥兵团实际上也只有两个军。 李弥于6日下午4时在司令部召开军、师长会议，传达突围部署：“3个兵团分西、南、北三面轻装突围，目的地为阜阳，于6日黄昏实施。”但“与会军、师长都一致表示时间过于仓促，部队都摆在第一线，不但突围困难，就是脱离阵地亦不容易。最早也要在7日拂晓，才能开始行动。如果邱、孙兵团要走，就让他们先走。”李弥本来对突围信心不足，遂同意军、师长们的意见。在与杜聿明接通电话时，报告了此决定。 杜聿明集团中，最具战斗力的是邱清泉第二兵团。 邱清泉第二兵团，辖第五军、第七十军、第七十二军、第七十四军、第十二军（在包围圈内又编成第一一六军）等5个军。这个最具实力的兵团，在邱清泉召集军长开会讨论部署突围时，气氛却很消沉。而邱清泉尽管在杜聿明召集3个兵团司令官讨论突围时主张突围，但会后一想，丢掉重武器突围对不起蒋介石，又犹豫起来，于是建议杜聿明参加第二兵团军长以上的会议。 杜聿明说明突围理由后，参加会议的其他人表示同意突围，而邱清泉却不表态。姗姗来迟的七十四军军长邱维达听说要突围，极力反对，且咆哮如雷地说：“你们怕死，想突围逃跑，那是办法吗？怎么不集中力量，硬打出去？突围有被各个消灭的危险，应该考虑这个不利的后果，我第七十四军包打第一线。” 邱维达的意见给了邱清泉的支持，邱清泉遂明确表态不主张突围。 李弥兵团不突围，邱清泉兵团不突围，杜聿明只好改变突围的决定，令停止突围，然而孙元良兵团有意不与杜聿明联系，单独开始了突围行动，结果全军覆没。 孙元良兵团突围失败后，杜聿明仍然执行蒋介石的命令，争取在南边突破，与黄维兵团会合。他调整了邱清泉、李弥两兵团的部署，邱清泉兵团集中炮火和战车，以1个军向南进攻；李弥兵团坚守李石林、青龙集地区。“两个兵团的作战方式采取'滚筒'战术，邱兵团前进一步，李兵团就放弃原阵地紧跟一步。” 杜聿明在部署进攻的同时，还电报蒋介石，建议：“现各兵团重重被围，攻击进展迟缓，以现有兵力解黄兵团之围绝对无望，而各兵团之存亡关系国家的存亡，钧座既策定与共军决战之决策，应即从西安、武汉等地抽调大军，集中一切可集中的力量与共军决战。” 然而，蒋介石的复电是：“现无兵可增，望弟不要再幻想增兵，应迅速督率各兵团攻击前进，以解黄兵团之围。”期间，刘峙也乘飞机到陈官庄上空，令杜聿明赶快指挥邱清泉、李弥两兵团攻击前进。 可是，杜聿明集团的突围进攻一开始并不顺利，邱清泉在部署进攻时，因第七十军军长高吉人在会议上曾坚决主张向南硬攻，第七十四军军长曾申明“包打”，所以在兵力部署上就以此两军为主攻部队，一同攻击，并肩前进。 照预定计划，7日两个军同时攻击。然而，邱清泉在具体实施攻击时，七十四军按时开始攻击行动，而七十军仅做攻击准备，至9日才参加战斗，比七十四军的攻击时间推迟两天。七十四军战斗力较弱，攻占不了一个小村庄。 于是这两个主攻部队之间相互埋怨起来。第七十军埋怨第七十四军战斗力太差，以1个军的兵力，攻占不了一个小村庄，实在太不中用。第七十四军则埋怨第七十军迟迟不开始攻击，使解放军的压力全部加在它的头上，使它挨打。 邱清泉兵团内部军与军之间相互埋怨，邱清泉兵团与李弥兵团之间则相互争吵。据敌九军军长黄淑回忆：“从7日到9日，3天战斗中，邱兵团的攻击进展甚小，伤亡极大，李兵团的防守阵地亦受到解放军强大压力，有的阵地为解放军所突破。邱、李二人此时则吵得不可开交，后来李弥根本不同邱清泉通电话，而要副司令官赵季平或陈冰代替。杜聿明只好又作第二次调整，即两个兵团各自掩护，齐头并进。” 杜聿明集团内部矛盾重重，经常相互争吵。杜聿明在回忆中也如是说：“国民党军攻击失败后，战车、步兵互相埋怨，内部矛盾重重，闹得一塌糊涂。同时李兵团官兵认为该兵团老担任掩护，被动挨打。还有，攻击部队每占领一个村落，尚可挖老百姓的粮吃，而掩护部队则吃不到，因此意见甚多，并认为我不公道，有私心。” 尽管杜聿明集团内部矛盾重重，但是应当说，在这生死存亡关头，各兵团的攻击还是卖力的，七十四军攻击前进时，军长邱维达亲自指挥。十三兵团第九军守备魏楼的团长孔志坚和第八军守备新马桥的团长杨京，在我军的攻击下擅自撤退。李弥为整顿军纪，挽救颓势，将两位团长先后枪毙于孔楼村头，以儆效尤。第四十二师在与我军的战斗中，师长石建中负重伤，副师长伍子敬继续指挥战斗。 邱清泉兵团第七十军九十六师是一个攻击力较强的部队，师长邓军林回忆了当时激烈进攻的情景。 关于攻打鲁楼。鲁楼是杜聿明集团南下的要冲和必夺的目标，邱清泉奉命攻击鲁楼，令九十六师派兵掩护七十二军正面攻击，战斗至为激烈。 我军与被围之敌争夺7次才攻下鲁楼，这是我军冲入鲁楼的情形 邓军林回忆说：“第二八八团部队前进到鲁楼西南，靠近村沿，遭到土堤上的解放军侧击，打不过去，伤亡惨重，装甲车一部被毁。第七十二军虽一度攻入鲁楼，旋被击退，终未得手。邱清泉见鲁楼未攻下，大发脾气。指责第二八八团攻击不力，要法办团长周德宣。我向邱报告，第九十六师所担负的任务是侧面攻击，如果司令官指定第九十六师担任主攻鲁楼任务，我便立即部署，照令执行。这样邱清泉才不说要法办周德宣了，也没有要我去攻鲁楼，而把任务交予第一三九师。到12月中旬，第一三九师付出了极大的伤亡，拖延了不少的时间，才攻下鲁楼。” 关于攻打李楼。李楼村地势低洼，西南有较高土提做屏障，特别是土堤阵地有它地形上的重要性，杜聿明集团占领它，可掩护部队向南攻击，因而成为杜聿明集团的必争之地，邱清泉将进攻李楼的任务交给九十六师。 邓军林回忆说：“我为完成这一任务，派二八七团担任攻击，配合军部榴炮营、师部山炮营协同作战。上午8时，炮兵集中火力射击李楼及土堤阵地。经过激烈争夺，虽冲进村沿，但解放军仍坚守不动。第二八七团因伤亡惨重，不得不停止攻击。9日下午1时，邱清泉电话限令第二八七团以最大的决心攻下李楼和土堤。我令第二八七团以最大的努力继续攻击，并发挥炮兵的全部火力，彻底毁灭李楼村。战斗至下午3时，第二八七团在炮兵掩护下攻占李楼，但村南土堤解放军相持到黄昏后才撤退。” 关于争夺窦凹。窦凹是罗李庄南面的阵地，是杜聿明集团南下的必经之地。邱清泉将进攻窦凹的任务交给三十二师，并限期攻下，打开出路，同时令九十六师第二八七团部署在窦凹后面村庄，待攻占窦凹后，即迅速出动猛攻西南面村庄，一鼓作气打通南下道路。 邓军林回忆说：“邱清泉亲到罗李庄指挥榴炮营、山炮营和重炮营集中火力支援攻击，第三十二师在炮兵强大火力掩护下，向窦凹发动强大攻势，虽经两度冲进村庄，但均被解放军打退。下午邱清泉命令强行攻击窦凹，但刚攻进村庄，在解放军反冲锋下，第三十二师副师长贺知诗便狼狈潜逃，官兵相继回窜，解放军乘胜追击。在村后的第九十六师第二八七团见情况危急，迎头进击，解放军猝不及防，窦凹被我攻占。”但攻占窦凹后，仍不能继续扩大战果。 从邓军林所回忆的3次攻击战看，杜聿明集团的攻击部队确实是卖力的，特别是邱清泉充分表现了顽抗性，邓军林在攻击战中也表现了顽抗性，因而于12