Chapter 9 Chapter 8 Battle in Western Liaoning

On October 16, 1948, Jinzhou was liberated by the People's Liberation Army, and the Kuomintang Army's Westward Advancement Corps had advanced to Zhangwu and Xinlitun at that time, which was more than 150 kilometers away from Jinzhou.Liao Yaoxiang was not very active in aiding Jin, but now that Jinzhou is lost, there is no need to go west.Wei Lihuang also resolutely opposed the further westward advance of the Liao Yaoxiang Corps, and agreed to its withdrawal to Shenyang.At this time, Chiang Kai-shek, regardless of the decline of the Kuomintang army in the northeast, insisted that the Liao Yaoxiang Corps continue to advance westward. With the support of the Huludao Eastward Corps, it attacked Heishan, Dahushan, and Jinzhou with all its strength, and regained Jinzhou in one fell swoop.

On the night of October 18, 1948, Chiang Kai-shek lay on a sandalwood bed, tossing and turning unable to sleep.If Fu Zuoyi's surprise attack on Shijiazhuang and Xibaipo is used to recover Jinzhou, Mao Zedong can be difficult to care about and succeed in one fell swoop.Therefore, we must make up our minds to let Liao Yaoxiang go westward, and cooperate with the troops from Huludao and Jinxi to capture Jinzhou. This opportunity cannot be missed! Chiang Kai-shek, who hadn't slept all night, got up from bed in the morning and ordered his entourage to telegraph Wei Lihuang and Du Yuming to fly to Peiping to discuss matters.

The two guessed on the plane that Chiang Kai-shek must have urged Liao Yaoxiang to send troops westward to recover Jinzhou.But neither of them agreed to attack Jinzhou, thinking that there was no hope of regaining it. As long as Liao Yaoxiang moved westward, the main force of the hundreds of thousands of communist forces on the Beining line would all be dispatched to encircle and wipe out Liao Yaoxiang. For the sake of the interests of the party and the country, it is impossible not to resist the will. Sure enough, Chiang Kai-shek really mentioned to the two of them that Liao Yaoxiang sent troops to the west to recover Jinzhou, and asked everyone what they thought.Fu Zuoyi was also present.

Wei Lihuang said: "Since the president asked me what I think, I dare not report it honestly. My opinion is still centered on Shenyang, organize a defense system including Tieling, Fushun, Benxi and other surrounding cities, and concentrate heavily on defense. This can also support the situation in the Northeast. If the Liao Yaoxiang Corps were to go west to recover Jinzhou, they would be gathered and wiped out by the Communist Army on the way. Speaking of this, Wei Lihuang raised his eyes to look at Chiang Kai-shek, who was staring at him with a terrifying gaze, as if a falcon had found its prey.He didn't dare to say any more.

At this moment, Yu Jishi, the director of the attendant's room, sent a telegram to Chiang Kai-shek, which said: "Principal Junjian: He rebelled against Li Jiang, the army's morale collapsed, food and ammunition were exhausted, and the staff was seriously injured. Lost. Yours sincerely, student Zheng Guiting." Knowing that Changchun was lost, Chiang Kai-shek went up against the police, but he didn't curse or say anything, he just walked to the window, looked out of the window, and stood silently.Is he restraining his anger, is he reviewing his mistakes, is he recalling the whole story, or is he grieving the loss of his direct lineage?None known.

The second stage of the Liaoshen Campaign: From October 20 to 28, 1948, our army wiped out the Liao Yaoxiang Corps in western Liaoning.In order to save his defeat in the Northeast, Chiang Kai-shek did not hesitate to put all his eggs in one basket. He used Zhangwu's Liao Yaoxiang Corps and the troops stationed in Jin (West) and Hu (Ludao) to march north and south. , Withdrew to the pass. On the 26th, our army divided and encircled the Liao Yaoxiang Corps that had entered the Heishan and Dahushan areas, and wiped them all out by the 28th. The fall of Changchun can be regarded as another burden for Chiang Kai-shek. He no longer has to worry about their future, no longer has to worry about giving them airborne supplies, and no longer has to write warrants again and again to tell them to break through.

After a long time, he turned around slowly and asked Du Yuming, "What are your plans?" Du Yuming did not dare to repeat Wei Lihuang's opinion, but said: "I still don't know the principal's intention, whether to stick to the Northeast or give up the Northeast. If you give up the Northeast, I think everyone will evacuate to Yingkou to board the ship and go to Tianjin; if you still hold on In the Northeast, first defend Shenyang, expand the army and train, and wait for the opportunity to take Jinzhou." "Waiting for an opportunity? What kind of opportunity? How long will it take?" Chiang Kai-shek asked.

Du Yuming said: "Students only have such a preliminary consideration." Chiang Kai-shek asked Fu Zuoyi again: "What is Yisheng's opinion?" To be honest, Fu Zuoyi is unwilling to participate in this kind of meeting. What does it matter to him to study the affairs of the Northeast?Besides, everyone's opinions are not unified, so it's better to ask him to say something. Fu Zuoyi is worthy of being a treacherous and cunning man. He can't offend anyone, he just said: "This matter is of great importance and needs to be reconsidered." Chiang Kai-shek is on fire again.He said to Wei Lihuang and Du Yuming: "I know you don't want Liao Yaoxiang to fight against Huludao and Jinxi to recover Jinzhou. You think the Communist Army is too powerful. Liao Yaoxiang's corps is an elite national army and has an air force. The navy cooperates. Why do we only talk about the advantages of the Communist Army and not our advantages? Our air force, our artillery, our equipment, and our well-trained training, isn’t this an advantage? Why can’t we defeat the Communist Army? You want Defend Shenyang, then you can defend it. I don’t care about you. Food is collected by yourself, guns are manufactured by yourself, soldiers are expanded by yourself, and tickets can be issued by yourself. The Communist Party talks about self-reliance and hard work. Why can’t you be self-reliant and work hard? You are not human , without a head?..."

When Chiang Kai-shek talked about this, Wei Lihuang and Du Yuming stopped talking... It was only later that Du Yuming figured out why Chiang Kai-shek insisted on counterattacking Jinzhou, and finally uncovered the mystery. He said: It turned out that after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek had an "idea" and decided to take over in the Northeast only as far as Jinzhou, and did not plan to move forward.I remembered that when I arrived in Jinzhou around October 20, 1945, Chiang Kai-shek ordered me to "not go forward unless there is an order", and designated the Northeast Camp to also be located in Jinzhou.I didn't understand it at the time, and Chiang Kai-shek didn't clearly tell me his intentions. I also blamed Chiang Kai-shek for not allowing our army to take advantage of the victory and advance.

From then until February 1946, he fully obeyed the orders of the American master and increased the number of troops receiving the Northeast from two armies (the Thirteenth Army and the Fifty-second Army) to seven armies (the new First Army , New Sixth Army, Sixtieth Army, Ninety-third Army, Seventy-first Army).Now that Chiang Kai-shek's anti-people war has completely failed in front of the people, he recalled the "idea" three years ago, as if having Jinzhou was his victory.He didn't consider the enemy's situation, the terrain, and especially the actual situation of the disparity in troop strength. Of course, he didn't understand that Chairman Mao Zedong was leading him by the nose and wanted to lead his troops to the vicinity of the Daling River to destroy them. If he insists on going his own way, he must counterattack Jinzhou; as long as anyone's opinion does not conform to his subjective intention, it is impossible for him to accept it.

Du Yuming also concluded: The reason why Chiang Kai-shek decided to recover Jinzhou, compared with tangible and intangible combat elements such as morale to plan his strategy was firstly based on his subjective and idealistic judgment.Since December 1945, he decided that the troops would not advance when they arrived in Jinzhou. Later, under Marshall's instigation, he went deep into the northeast and suffered a series of failures.He remembered that his decision at that time was still correct, so he was determined to regain Jinzhou. Second, he wants to secure Jinzhou and win the aid of the US emperor. If Jinzhou is lost, he will have no face to see his master. Third, he overestimated the new First Army and the New Sixth Army of the so-called trump card army, and underestimated the People's Liberation Army. Starting from the concept of only weapons, he thought that the strength and morale of the enemy and ourselves could be ignored. The People's Liberation Army can be frightened away with air force and artillery. Fourth, starting from empiricism, he believed that the People's Liberation Army used to aim at annihilating the enemy's vital forces, not conserving or seizing major cities and places as its main goal, and retreated whenever the Kuomintang army was annihilated, so he predicted that the People's Liberation Army would also retreat.But Chiang Kai-shek did not understand that the People's Liberation Army is now implementing Chairman Mao Zedong's operational policy for the Liaoshen Campaign. In his telegram on September 7, 1948, Chairman Mao Zedong asked the Northeast People's Liberation Army to cooperate with the North China Two Corps to continue to wipe out the enemy in large numbers, "and to capture the Beining, Pingsui, Pingcheng, and Pingbao lines except Beiping, Tianjin, and Shenyang. All the cities in the city." For example, "The enemies of Chang and Shen poured out their nests to aid Jin...then you can continue to annihilate and aid the enemy without leaving the Jin, Yu, and Tang lines, and strive to wipe out Wei Lihuang's entire army on the spot." According to the battle situation after the launch of the campaign, Chairman Mao Zedong pointed out in his telegram on October 10: "Sink the enemy deep into the north of the Daling River, so that we can transfer troops to surround the enemy in time, and then Xu Tu wiped it out." Chairman Mao Zedong led the way by the nose, and led the cattle to be slaughtered wherever he wanted to be slaughtered. The historical facts of the Liaoshen Campaign fully proved this point. On the 19th, Chiang Kai-shek talked with Wei Lihuang and Du Yuming about the next move in Northeast China.As of 5:00 p.m. still no results. In order to cater to Chiang Kai-shek's psychology, Du Yuming put forward two plans: one is to make the Northeast Kuomintang Army retreat from Yingkou quickly and in a planned way; To the south, cover the rear of Yingkou firmly, and then attack Dahushan and Heishan. If the attack is successful, Jinzhou will be recovered; if unsuccessful, resist one by one and quickly retreat to Yingkou.And first occupied Yingkou with the 52nd Army to cover the retreat of Liao Yaoxiang Corps.Chiang Kai-shek felt that Du Yuming's second plan was more suitable for his intentions, and immediately agreed.Wei Lihuang was very embarrassed and kept silent. Fu Zuoyi walked around the room without making a sound.Chiang Kai-shek asked again and again: "How does Yisheng look?" Fu Zuoyi hesitated for a long time and only said: "Weigh it again." It dragged on like this until about 6 o'clock, Fu Zuoyi said: "I still have a few people to eat." Chiang Kai-shek said: " Okay, okay, you guys go to dinner, and come to the meeting after dinner." After eating, Du Yuming said, "I can't sit still because of my back pain, so I can't go to the meeting." Fu Zuoyi said he wouldn't go either, and Wei Lihuang said he wouldn't go either.So everyone broke up and said goodbye, leaving Chiang Kai-shek there. In the evening, Du Yuming thought: The Northeast has become out of control and is in danger.In Xuzhou, the communist army is about to launch a winter offensive.If he stayed in Peiping any longer, he would suffer another complete defeat.Northeast China can be irresponsible, but Xuzhou cannot be irresponsible.He planned to ask Chiang Kai-shek to return to Xuzhou immediately the next day to deal with the PLA's winter offensive. Seeing that none of the generals came to him for a meeting that night, Chiang Kai-shek sent his entourage Luo Zekai to come to Du Yuming at midnight and said, "The old man (referring to Chiang Kai-shek) wants you to go to the northeast to pick up Wei Lihuang. I've come to ask for your opinion." Du Yuming said bluntly, "I can't go because I'm sick." Luo Zekai first put a high hat on Du, and said: "The old man thinks that only you can go to the Northeast to carry out his order to save the defeat. Now Wei Lihuang and the generals don't listen to the old man's words and don't implement his battle plan, so it's a mess. Defeat again and again. I hope you can share more responsibilities for the old man, and for the sake of the country and the individual, it is better to go." Du Yuming said: "Wei Junru's abilities and opinions are higher than mine, and he has rich experience. Wei has a solution in the Northeast. I still have tasks in Xuzhou. Now all the troops in Xuzhou are stationed along the railway line. In case the Communist Army launches The offensive, if you are caught off guard, it will be a mess. The situation of defeat in the Northeast has already been formed. No one can scatter beans into an army, increase troops, and repel the offensive of the communist army. What is important now is Xuzhou, in case Xuzhou suffers another defeat , then Nanjing is also in danger, and we cannot even save half of the country. Therefore, we all should suggest to the old man that we should make a decision on the Northeast as soon as possible, and call Wei Junru to guard it if we want to defend it. If you don't defend the northeast, you should simply retreat from Yingkou, so as not to be eaten by the Communist army one by one, and then concentrate your forces to consolidate Xuzhou, and take the opportunity to break the enemy's winter offensive." The distance between the two grew larger as they talked, until 2 o'clock in the middle of the night, Luo Zekai failed to complete the mission assigned to him by Chiang Kai-shek, so he threatened by the old man: "Then what will you do when the old man orders you?" Du Yuming said, "Even if the order comes, I will not go." Seeing that the situation was at an impasse, Luo stood up and was about to leave.Du Yuming was very annoyed, thinking that Luo was only a sixth-generation student of Whampoa, this brat who had reached the sky in one step dared to threaten him with the old man's order, so he lay on the bed and ignored Luo.Luo Zekai just left boringly. After Luo Zekai left, Du Yuming tossed and turned and couldn't close his eyes anymore. After thinking about it, he felt that the King of Hades was easy to see, and the little ghost was difficult to deal with. He was worried that Luo might sue him in front of the old man with embellishments when he returned.So at around 6 o'clock in the morning, I went to Chiang Kai-shek's residence.Chiang Kai-shek got up at 7:15 to find Luo Canjun. After a while, Luo came down and said to Du, "The old man wants you to go." Du Yuming immediately went to Chiang Kai-shek's living room. Jiang was eating breakfast, and first asked: "You talked to Luo Canjun last night. How are you doing?" Du Yuming said: "I think Wei Junru is still in the Northeast. It is better for me to go back to Xuzhou. I have already told Luo Canjun the details and opinions. I think I should go back to Xuzhou as soon as possible." Chiang Kai-shek said: "Xuzhou doesn't matter, the important thing is the Northeast. You go to pick up Wei Junru's affairs, command Liao Yaoxiang to fight Jinzhou, everything can be solved." Du said: "The morale of our army in the Northeast is low, and all armies are incomplete. If we want to fight, we must go through supplementary training before we can attack the enemy." Jiang said: "Our air superiority, artillery superiority, why can't we fight? I think it can be fought," and asked: "How does Luo join the army?" Luo Zekai echoed Chiang Kai-shek's intention and said: "The president is right. We have superior air force and artillery fire, and we can fight decisively with the enemy." Du Yuming satirized Luo Zekai and said: "In the past, the king of Qin asked Li Xin how many troops he needed when he attacked Chu, and the letter said, 'No more than 200,000 troops. Seeing that it must be 600,000." King Qin thought that Wang Jian was old and timid, not as strong and brave as Li Xin, so he used Li Xin and dismissed Wang Jian. Since Luo Canjun had such a high opinion, he thought that he could fight the enemy now, so he asked the principal to appoint Luo Canjun as a guard The chief of staff of Mr. can not only maintain the command structure, but also achieve the effect of quick battle and quick decision." Luo Zekai was taken aback when he heard that, and even said: "I can't go, I can't go." At this time, Du Yuming asked Chiang Kai-shek, "How confident is the principal in recovering Jinzhou?" Chiang Kai-shek said: "There is always a 60% certainty." Du felt that Chiang Kai-shek seemed to be confused, and he was 60% sure that he wanted to fight the People's Liberation Army.So he quoted "Sun Tzu's Art of War" and said: "Sun Tzu said that if the husband has not fought and the temple is considered victorious, it must be counted as more. 60% will only fail, not win." Chiang Kai-shek was a little embarrassed, and he paused for a long time before saying, "How do you think we can recover Jinzhou? Jinzhou is our lifeline in Northeast China. When I came this time, I had already discussed with the American advisory group. As long as we preserve Jinzhou, the United States can provide a lot of assistance." We. Now we should study how to repel the enemies of Jinzhou, move the main force of Shenyang to Jinzhou, and preserve Jinzhou. In the future, we have everything we can do.” Du Yuming thought about it for a long time, and said to Chiang Kai-shek: "I still don't fully understand our policy, that is, whether to abandon the Northeast. If we abandon the Northeast, we should simply give up Shenyang and retreat from Yingkou. As for the attempt to discover our army, even if the enemy finds out after two or three days, we will still be in an active position, retreating while fighting, and may return with the whole army; control the main force between Jinxi, Huludao, and Xingcheng, and first get through Beining Jinxi and Shanhaiguan sections of the road, and then supplementary training is completed, and then a large-scale attack to recover Jinzhou. If you want to go to the northeast, you must first consolidate Shenyang, Jinxi, Huludao and other big strongholds. Jinzhou and Jinxi are strategically 50 steps and 100 steps. Then wait for work with ease and make up for it. If the Communist army launches an offensive first, our army should use the fortifications set up in the two strongholds of Shenyang and Jinzhou to resist and destroy the enemy's offensive, and then attack in one fell swoop, attacking from north to south, and recover Jinzhou. If After I have finished repairing and the communist army has not yet launched an offensive, I will take the initiative to launch an attack and recover Jinzhou." After listening to Du's explanation, Chiang Kai-shek asked, "How much time do you need?" Du Yuming said: "I don't dare to make a reservation at the moment, it depends on the situation of the replenishment and training of soldiers. If all the lost troops in the Northeast are replenished immediately, they may attack the enemy in three months, otherwise I can't make a decision in half a year." Chiang Kai-shek said: "It's been too long, too long! It is in our interest to recover Jinzhou as soon as possible." Du Yuming said: "Sun Tzu said five times to attack them, ten to encircle them, and double to use both strange and positive forces. If there is strangeness but no righteousness, if there is righteousness but no surprises, every battle will be fatal. Comparing the current strength of the enemy and ourselves, it is not that we are twice as many as the enemy. On the contrary, the enemy is twice as powerful as we are, and the enemy may concentrate five or ten times as many troops to attack us, surround us, and destroy our army. Therefore, I think it is important to recover Jinzhou at present. More bad luck than good, and there is a danger of the entire army being wiped out." Chiang Kai-shek said at this time: "Then I will completely hand over the Northeast to you. You can issue banknotes, find food, and expand the army yourself." Du Yuming said: "In this case, I dare not go. I have never been involved in politics or economics. Let Mr. Wei stay in the Northeast. He has rich experience in politics and has a ready-made team. I will go back to Xuzhou and prepare to defeat the Communist Party. Army offensive." Chiang Kai-shek said: "I have decided to ask you to go to the northeast. You should obey my order and go to pick up the guard as soon as possible." Du Yuming thought for a while and said: "Since the principal has decided to order the students to go, the students must of course obey. I hope that the military, politics, and economy of Northeast China in the future will be exactly the same as in the past. Only by recovering the lost armies and divisions can the plan to recover Jinzhou be completed." Chiang Kai-shek was furious at this moment, clenched his fists and said, "Why can the communist army be able to fight guerrillas and raise food and salaries on the spot, but we Huangpu students can't do it?" Du Yuming said: "The Communist Army now occupies the entire Northeast, and we only have two isolated cities, Shenyang and Jinxi. Even if I want to raise money locally, it is difficult for a clever woman to cook without rice. Besides, the students are not clever women, how can they be responsible What about such a big mission?" Chiang Kai-shek lost his temper again, stood up and scolded redly: "Huh! You Whampoa students don't obey my orders, don't follow my plan, and are cowardly and fearful of the enemy. We will perish like this!" Dumped, scolded and went upstairs. Du Yuming was frightened by Chiang Kai-shek's lustful power and dared not leave.After waiting for more than an hour, Chiang Kai-shek came back again, with a smile on his face, and as soon as he entered the living room, he said: "Okay! Okay! Let's talk again! If you have any opinions, we will talk." Du Yuming pondered for a while, and said: "I didn't fully express my opinion just now. Personally, I am sincerely grateful for the principal's cultivation of me to the Northeast to pick up guards, and I should obey the order. The main force of the battle is the Whampoa students, I should ignore the fame and status, put the country and the nation first, and obey orders..." Du didn't want to go to the Northeast again, because he felt that he couldn't compete with the People's Liberation Army in the Northeast, and he was timid and afraid of being wiped out. Then he said: "It was our classmates who were wiped out by the whole army in Changchun and Jinzhou. If we send Shenyang away again, there will be an uproar in the public opinion, which will affect the generals of Huangpu, affect the prestige of the principal, and even make it impossible for the principal to reuse Huangpu classmates. This is one. , the victory or defeat in the Northeast has been decided. And the guards are more familiar than me. As long as the two strongholds of Shenyang and Jinxi are guarded, the enemy's 800,000 troops can be contained, which can not only reduce the pressure on North China, but also use the sea to maneuver and transfer troops to defend the capital. , increase the strength of Xuzhou and fight the enemy decisively. Thirdly, the current victory of Xuzhou has a great relationship. The original attack plan has not been implemented, and the plan of how to break the enemy's winter offensive with offensive defense is also undecided. Therefore, I think I have to hurry up It is necessary to return to Xuzhou." After hearing Du's words, Jiang wiped off his beard, returned to his original subjective intention without saying yes or no, and said: "Since you understand the righteousness and don't care about your personal name, then you can be transferred to the Northeast with your original name. Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Guards and Commander of the Border Region, with headquarters in Huludao. What do you think?" Our victorious division rushed to the west of Liaoning like a tide, and wiped out Liao Yaoxiang's corps in Heishan, Beizhen, and Dahushan. Du Yuming had no reason to shirk, and could only say: "I think Xuzhou is more important. If the principal thinks Huludao is important, then it's up to you to decide." Chiang Kai-shek said: "Huludao is important, so it is decided that you go to Huludao to command. I will ask the Air Force to send you the staff immediately. You will go to Shenyang with Junru in the afternoon." Du Yuming said, "I'll go to Huludao first and then talk about it." Jiang said: "You first go to Shenyang to summon Liao Yaoxiang and Zhou Fucheng, and give my order directly to them. Zhou Fucheng is required to defend Shenyang, and Liao Yaoxiang leads the existing troops to attack Montenegro, recover Jinzhou, and send the 207th Division Also under the command of Liao Yaoxiang, the 52nd Army should first occupy Yingkou to cover Liao Yaoxiang's retreat." Obviously, Chiang Kai-shek didn't want the Northeast, but he just didn't dare to give up the Northeast.He wanted to push the responsibility for abandoning the Northeast to his subordinates.If the abandonment of the Northeast arouses the condemnation of public opinion, he will punish a certain general to shirk his responsibility.Du Yuming was willing to recite it for Chiang Kai-shek.So he said: "Since the principal's opinion is this way, should I tell Liao Yaoxiang to retreat from Xinlitun to Yingkou when I go?" Chiang Kai-shek said: "You have lost confidence in the Communist army's operations. I predict that as long as the main force of our army comes out from Shenyang to attack, and the army in Huludao will attack from north to south, the Communist army will retreat, and we will be able to recover Jinzhou. In case the Communist army fights Don’t retreat, the 52nd Army has occupied Yingkou to cover the rear, and it’s not too late to order Liao Yaoxiang to retreat. You can give Liao Yaoxiang an order according to my opinion.” Du Yuming said: "The final order is still issued by the guard, and I will make detailed arrangements with Liao Yaoxiang." Chiang Kai-shek said: "You go and give Liao Yaoxiang orders for me, and I will be responsible. I told Junru that this plan is under your command." Du Yuming felt flustered and unspeakably sad, and thought: "Forget it, anyway, the country is his, and the army is his. If he wants to lose it, he will lose it. If he wants to give it away, he will give it away. In case he insists on his own opinion, he will go to Yingkou to give it away." If you fail to retreat, you will be killed. As his subordinate, you have to accept his orders." On the afternoon of October 20th, Chiang Kai-shek called Fu Zuoyi, Wei Lihuang and Du Yuming to a meeting at the residence of Yuanen Temple in Beiping.Chiang Kai-shek said: "Now Du Yuming is required to be the deputy commander-in-chief of the guard and the commander of the Jire-Liaoning border area, stationed in Huludao, and first go back to Shenyang with the guard to give orders to Liao Yaoxiang and Liu Yuzhang. Liao Yaoxiang should use Yingkou as the rear and attack Jinzhou with all his strength. Liu Yuzhang is required to occupy Yingkou first to cover the rear, while Huludao and Jinxi troops also attack Jinzhou. Guangting will go to command, and I believe that the recovery of Jinzhou is sure..." Wei Lihuang only expressed welcome to Du to go, Fu Zuoyi did not comment.Several people looked at each other in blank dismay, each with unspeakable suffering. That night, Chiang Kai-shek issued an order to appoint Du Yuming as the deputy commander-in-chief of the Northeast "Suppression General" and the commander of the Jire-Liaoning Border Region. The headquarters of the Jire-Liaoning Border Region was located in Huludao. On the afternoon of the 20th, Du Yuming and Wei Lihuang flew down on the same plane. On the plane, Du asked Wei: "Has the commander-in-chief received the combat order?" Wei said: "No." Du said: "Then how to issue the order?" Said: "Research and study." The two talked about why Chiang Kai-shek must regain Jinzhou, and talked about the quarrel between Du and Chiang Kai-shek that morning.Wei Lihuang said: "It's not about today. Since this spring, I have been making repeated requests to open up the Shenyang-Jinzhou Railway and move the main force to Jinzhou. I have been resisting. Jiang came to Shenyang several times. If I disagree, I will not participate in the opinion, and I will not carry out his orders." Du Yuming asked Wei: "Would you like to push back his orders?" After thinking for a long time, Wei Lihuang said: "We sent a telegram to Shenyang to call Liao Yaoxiang and Liu Yuzhang to tell everyone about Jiang's verbal orders and study to see what to do." Wei Lihuang and Du Yuming returned to Shenyang around 6:00 p.m., and Du still lived in Wei's home.After dinner, Liao Yaoxiang, Liu Yuzhang, Zhao Jiaxiang and others came.In an office outside Wei's dormitory upstairs, Du Yuming conveyed to Liao and Liu the gist of Chiang Kai-shek's verbal orders: (1) Liao Yaoxiang was required to attack Jinzhou with all his strength, and at the same time Huludao and Jinxi troops also attacked Jinzhou. (2) In addition to the existing forces of the Liao Corps (the newly formed First Army, the newly formed Third Army, the newly formed Sixth Army, the Seventy-first Army, the Forty-ninth Army, and cavalry and heavy artillery chariots, etc.), an additional No. The 207th Division of the Sixth Army marched along the Beining line to attack the enemies of Heishan and Dahushan, and ensured the traffic supply line behind Yingkou. (3) While the Liao Corps was attacking Heishan and Jinzhou, the 52nd Army first occupied Yingkou, consolidated the shipping supply base, and contacted the Liao Corps. (4) Zhou Fucheng of the Eighth Corps commanded the 53rd Army and other troops in Shenyang to defend Shenyang. Liu Yuzhang first expressed his opinion: "At present there are not many enemies in southern Liaoning, and there is no problem in attacking Yingkou, but the 53rd Army may hold Shenyang for a long time. In the future, several enemy columns from Changchun will go south, and Yingkou will also be threatened." Du Yuming said: "You have to act quickly. When the enemy in Changchun goes south, our plan will not be completed." Liao Yaoxiang said: "There is now one division of our army in western Liaoning. There are not many enemies in Panshan, and there is no problem in the rear of Yingkou." In the end, Du Yuming said: "Implementing this plan is mainly about moving quickly, fighting if you can, and retreating if you can't fight." Du Yuming asked Wei Lihuang to give instructions to Liao and Liu. Wei said: "The gist of Jiang's order is generally like this, and I have no objection." Then everyone sighed in unison: "I don't know why the old man must give up the Northeast!" After sighing for a long time, Liao and Liu did not agree to give up Shenyang, but they did not show that they would go back to Chiang Kai-shek's order.Everyone believed that Chiang Kai-shek made a mistake, but no one dared to take back Chiang's order, and was unwilling to take the responsibility of saving the Northeast Kuomintang army from being wiped out. They just complained and sighed behind their backs. This was the general mood of the Kuomintang generals at that time. Several people talked about the late at night before Liao and Liu went to carry out Chiang Kai-shek's order.Wei Lihuang was still walking up and down in this small living room, unable to rest in peace.Du Yuming also wandered around with him. The two researched why Chiang Kai-shek had to make such a bad move, but they still couldn't figure out the reason.Du said: "If Liao Yaoxiang moves quickly and maneuvers to hold the enemy in Heishan and Dahushan, he may retreat from Yingkou, otherwise the whole army is in danger of being wiped out." Wei Lihuang said, "What about Shenyang?" Du Yuming said: "It is hopeless to stay in Shenyang for a long time. Do you see what the old man means?" Wei Lihuang sighed and said nothing. Du Yuming went on to say: "It's best to ask the chief (referring to Wei) to prepare. After Yingkou has established a foothold, he can suggest to the old man that the Shenyang troops should retreat. At present, I can't make this suggestion. Because he (referring to Chiang Kai-shek) judged that the enemy is going to retreat. If the enemy really retreats as he expected, we will not only hit a wall, but also become sinners for abandoning Shenyang." Wei Lihuang said with certainty: "The enemy will not retreat, just watch!" Du Yuming said: "The enemy attacked Jinzhou easily, with few casualties, and I don't think they will retreat. But the old man must do this. Maybe he has some clever plan." Wei Lihuang said: "Once the back road of Xinlitun is cut off, Montenegro will no longer be possible. Liao Yaoxiang is in great danger. Let's ask the engineers to build a few bridges in Liaozhong. If Liao can't retreat to Yingkou, he can still retreat to Shenyang. " Du Yuming said: "Alright, let Dawei (that is, Zhao Jiaxiang) handle it right away." Wei Lihuang immediately called Zhao Jiaxiang to arrange a bridge-building task. Wei Lihuang's intention was to consolidate Shenyang as much as possible, and he did not want the Liao corps to retreat from Yingkou.In his heart, Chiang Kai-shek decided to abandon Shenyang, but he did not give clear instructions to Wei, but asked Wei to defend Shenyang with Zhou Fucheng's 53rd Army.Du Yuming was instructed by Chiang Kai-shek to order Liao Yaoxiang to retreat to Yingkou when it was impossible to attack Jinzhou.However, due to the personal friendship with Wei, Wei is also Du's immediate commander-in-chief, and he neither wants to disobey Jiang's order, nor does he want to make Wei difficult.Chiang Kai-shek commanded the battle in this way, which made the generals full of contradictions, mutual suspicion and fear, and at a loss as to what to do.This command is not without failure. Chiang Kai-shek designated Du's headquarters to be located in Huludao.Before Du Yuming came to Huludao, there were many staff members sent by Xuzhou to set up the headquarters.After this group of people arrived, they swarmed into the command post of Chen Tie, the Northeast "Suppressor General" located in the Huludao Merchant Marine School, and decided that Du's headquarters would be set up here. Chen Tie and his subordinates quickly vacated the house and forced Chen Tie to move to the government dormitory near Huludao Customs. The people under Du Yuming had a domineering attitude, especially the deputy director of the Xuzhou "Suppression General", who wanted to withhold the gasoline Chen Tie had received from the supply agency, which made Chen Tie laugh and cry, feeling very embarrassed.The deputy director borrowed cars, ordered houses, and asked for furniture everywhere. The customs, banks, China Merchants Bureau, Salt Bureau, and Port Authority were all disturbed.Chen Tie said indignantly: "This batch of things is called 'monkey crowned'. It is true that a strong general has no weak soldiers." Yao Jieru simply slipped back to Shenyang on the pretext of having a toothache. On October 21, Du Yuming flew to Jinxi. His complexion was yellow and thin, he looked tired and sick.He got into the jeep, with some pain in his waist and legs, leaning on a warm water bag in the back seat, and drove to Huludao. In the afternoon of the same day, Hou Jingru, Chen Tie, Que Hanqian, Lin Weichou, Wang Boxun and other generals were called for a meeting. Du Yuming explained the gist of Chiang Kai-shek's order to capture Jinzhou, and said that the main force of the Liao Yaoxiang Corps captured Zhangwu and Xinlitun and continued to advance towards Jinzhou. The 52nd Army has already attacked Yingkou from western Liaoning.He asked the commanders at the meeting how many troops the Communist army had, where the strong fortifications were, where the weaknesses were, and how to attack in order to defeat Jinzhou and join forces with Liao Yaoxiang's corps. All the generals were peeping at each other with embarrassment on their faces.Several people said there were at least 3 columns in the Tower Hill area.Jinzhou has fallen, and the main force of the communist army in Jinzhou can be used to Huludao.Que Hanqian said: "The casualties are heavy now. For example, each regiment of the Independent 95th Division has only one battalion, and a division actually has only one regiment. There are problems in defending Jinxi and Huludao alone. At the same time, it is also necessary to estimate the total After the army captures Jinzhou, the morale will be stronger, and the weapons and soldiers will be more replenished. If there is another attack, the main force of the Communist army will counterattack, and I am afraid that even Jinxi and Huludao will be difficult to protect.” Du Yuming said: "Wars must be fought skillfully, not stupidly, and alive, not deadly. This is the reason why the repeated attacks on Tashan in the past have suffered disastrous defeats. Attacking Tashan cannot be a deadly attack, stupid tactics The sacrifice is too great to complete the task. It is necessary to find the enemy's weak point, break through a little to expand the results of the battle, surround the enemy's rear on Tashan and annihilate them." Du Yuming also explained: "The most important thing in the steady and steady strategy is to use less search and security forces. Only when you send far away can you know the enemy's situation in advance; when fighting, you must concentrate your troops and firepower, use firepower to overwhelm firepower, use speed to overwhelm speed, and defeat the enemy in one fell swoop." The generals were dubious about Du Yuming's speech.In the end, Du Yuming resolutely carried out Chiang Kai-shek's counterattack order, and decided to use the 62nd Army to conduct a feint attack on Tashan, and use the 54th Army to attack the highlands on both sides of Laojinxi Road. The main force advances to attack Jinzhou from Jinxi to both sides of Jinzhou Avenue. One part detours to the east of Tashan, cooperates with the 62nd Army to encircle and eliminate the Communist Army in Tashan; the 39th Army advances to Xingjiatun and Dahongluoshan , covering the left side of the army; with the 21st Division of the 92nd Army and the 95th Independent Division as reserves.Follow the attack of the fifty-fourth army. The attack began on the 23rd, and the army commanders Que Hanqian and Lin Weichou went to the front to command in person. After Jinzhou was captured by our army, how to annihilate the enemy in Shenyang was put on Mao Zedong's agenda. Judging from the strategic situation at that time, the main force of our army in the Northeast was located in Jinzhou; the KMT's Eastward Corps was located in Jinxi and Huludao, and the Westward Corps led by Liao Yaoxiang stopped in Zhangwu and Xinlitun areas. Our army faces two choices: one is to wipe out the Kuomintang East Corps first, and the other is to wipe out the Kuomintang West Corps first.Mao Zedong carefully analyzed the battle situation, and on the 17th, the day after our army captured Jinzhou, he put forward his own idea: in the northeast, our army will fight the enemies of brocade and gourd first. Based on the situation in the Northeast battlefield, Lin Biao and others put forward their own views on the implementation of Mao Zedong's vision. At 10 o'clock on October 18, the day after Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Liu Yalou received Mao Zedong's telegram, they called Mao Zedong back: "After Chiang Kai-shek fell in Jinzhou, he decided that the reinforcements from Jinxi and Shenyang would still advance to Jinzhou as planned. Let the enemy of Changchun break out of the siege. We plan to lure the Shen enemy to the south, and then fight a large-scale mobile battle. However, the 60th Army revolted yesterday and the New 7th Army was surrounded. It is estimated that Jiang Jun will not dare to advance to Jinzhou as originally planned. The next step is, We think it is better to attack the golden gourd, and we are currently preparing for reconnaissance." At 20:00 on October 18, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Liu Yalou telegraphed the situation they detected and the deployment based on the situation to Mao Zedong: "On the 17th, we will occupy Xinli and occupy the enemy's new army. We will continue to advance today. We are determined to adopt the policy of luring the enemy to go deep. , The main force of our tenth column retreated to Goubangzi and Heishan, and the main force of our fifth column retreated in the direction of Fuxin." Our powerful corps stood firm and blocked the enemy tenaciously, blocking the enemy who tried to seize the road and flee south 毛泽东收到电报后，于19日回电林彪等：“17日新一军还是从新立屯向西前进，请查彰武、新民方面各军是否亦尚在向西前进。如果在长春事件之后，蒋、卫仍不变更锦葫沈阳两路向你们寻战的方针，那就是很有利的，在此种情况下，你们采取诱敌深入打大歼灭战的方针，甚为正确。”（《毛泽东军事文集》第5卷，第103页） 毛泽东在肯定林彪等的分析和部署时，希望林彪等充分注意蒋介石改变计划的可能性。 10月19日14时，林彪、罗荣桓、刘亚楼在致毛泽东的电报中根据对敌情可能变化的分析，提出了自己的看法：“昨日进至新立屯以南之敌，如果仍按蒋介石计划向锦州继续前进，则我们来不及先歼锦、葫之敌，而只有先歼灭由沈阳向锦州前进之敌。如敌因长春守敌起义改变计划，不即向锦州前进，则我军稍加休整后，即攻锦、葫，或攻新立屯。” 林彪等一面分析侦察到的情况，一面对部队作出部署，我军北线部队向营口前进，六纵停止于彰武以东，五纵于18日退至阜新。这样安排，旨在不致于因敌情突变而措手不及。 毛泽东在收到林彪、罗荣桓、刘亚楼电报的当天，即回电林彪等，强调了林彪等在电报中忽略的问题，即沈阳敌决心撤退营口的可能性很大，东北我军目前最要紧的部署是立即令第一兵团大部及十二纵，兼程从抚顺以东进至营口及其以西、以北地区堵塞敌之退路。“目前为应急计，请你们考虑令十纵自大虎山进至营口筑工，该方有十纵、十二纵及6至7个独立师，形势就巩固了。只要此着成功，敌无逃路，你们就在战略上胜利了。”（《毛泽东军事文集》第5卷，第105页） 毛泽东希望东北我军“抓住廖耀湘攻击，使他走不脱，各个歼灭之”。考虑到沈敌决心撤退，东北我军须用全力抓住沈敌，暂时不能打锦西和葫芦岛，所以，毛泽东明确电示：“在歼灭沈敌以前，锦葫应由攻击目标改变为钳制目标。”（《毛泽东军事文集》第5卷，第105页） 从上述毛泽东与林彪、罗荣桓、刘亚楼10月17日至19日3天来往电报所讨论的内容来看，毛泽东与林彪的认识在趋于一致。毛泽东在17日将锦西、葫芦岛确定为攻击目标，到19时便改为钳制目标，明确提出要抓住廖耀湘攻击；林彪等18日提出两种可能，其中一种可能是打大运动战，至19日便提出先歼灭由沈阳向锦州前进之敌，即先歼灭廖耀湘。 毛泽东于10月20日凌晨4时回电，同意林彪、罗荣桓、刘亚楼的建议后，又于20日7时，致电林彪、罗荣桓、刘亚楼，对歼灭廖耀湘兵团的具体部署提出了意见。 1.以原对锦西、葫芦岛的防御部队即四纵、十一纵和三个独立师，仍任该方向的防御，不再增加兵力。 2.以一纵、二纵、三纵、五纵、六纵、七纵、八纵、九纵、十纵共9个纵队，分割包围廖耀湘兵团5个军。其办法是，以6个战斗力较强的纵队分割包围攻击敌3个军，即以两个纵队围歼敌1个军；另以两个纵队分割半包围敌另外两个军，即1个纵队半包围敌1个军，暂不攻击，只保证其不能增援和不能逃脱，待我军主力6个纵队歼灭敌主力3个军之后，再移师歼灭之；剩下的1个纵队为总预备队，随时加入主力方面之作战。毛泽东认为：“敌无强固工事，士气衰落，用我两个纵队围歼敌1个军是足够的。并且我主力包围敌3个军以后，可以不同时攻击3个军，可以先攻1个军或两个军，只要敌1个军被歼灭得差不多了，就可同时动手攻击3个军。” 3.宜以7个师位于营口以北，阻敌逃路，并且其中应有2至3个有较强战斗力的师。 4.应立即召集一次干部会议，对新的作战进行动员。 毛泽东关于歼灭廖耀湘兵团具体部署的意见，体现了他一贯的军事原则，即分割、包围，然后集中优势兵力，各个歼灭。当然，对于毛泽东的战术原则，林彪等也运用自如。因此，毛泽东明确指出：“关于具体部署，由你们根据情况相机处理。”可见毛泽东的意思是，他的意见只是供林彪等参考。 林彪、罗荣桓、刘亚楼在提出的建议得到毛泽东批准后，根据毛泽东的意见，于20日10时制定了围歼廖耀湘兵团的具体部署： 1.原位于彰武、新立屯地区的部队：十纵并指挥一纵三师和内蒙骑兵一师，进至黑山、大虎山地区固守，如发现彰武、新立屯地区之敌有撤退迹象时，即不分昼夜，立即出发，插至新立屯以东之小东山、古台子之线，截断新立屯敌之退路；五纵在阜新广裕泉西南地区隐蔽，敌进则退，敌停我亦停，如发现敌有撤退征候时，即迅速插至新立屯以北，断敌退路；六纵暂在彰武东北地区隐蔽，准备待命突击，如发现敌撤退时，则应当机立断包围彰武之敌。林彪等要求上述各部队，切不可稍有疏忽和犹豫，切不可让新立屯、彰武之敌逃走，否则会丧失夺取伟大胜利的机会。 2.独立二师和附属的炮纵1个重炮营，以4天行程赶到营口布防，进行对付海陆两个方向的顽强防御。 3.位于锦州的部队：一纵、三纵、八纵和六纵十七师为第1梯队，于21日黄昏出发，分别向沟帮子、大虎山、黑山、白土厂边前进；二纵、七纵、九纵、炮纵为第2梯队，于22日出发，沿第1梯队之后尾跟进。林彪等要求以上各部队应以极秘密的动作，迅速行动，一切行动均以不致被敌机发现为原则。 4.四纵、十一纵和独立四师、六师，仍应利用渤海与大小虹螺岘山之间塔山一带阵地，继续抗击北上之敌。 东北人民大力支援人民解放军作战，将丰足的军粮源源运往辽西战场 5.长春方面部队：十二纵经四平、昌图、开原，不顾疲劳，迅速全力插至铁岭以南，包围五十三军直属队及1个师，拖住沈阳、铁岭、抚顺、本溪地区敌人不能南下；第一兵团率各独立师，采取平行道路，迅速向通江口、开原、南城子之线急进，视情况，或参加围歼廖耀湘兵团，或接替十二纵包围铁岭之敌。林彪等要求以上各部队一律于夜间行动，并保守秘密，以免吓退彰武、新立屯等处之敌。 林彪等在部署中还提出，万一我军未能在新立屯、彰武抓住敌军，则在该敌转向营口撤退时，除留由长春附近南下之部队外，我军主力即在沟帮子迅速东进过辽河作战，在营口、牛庄之间歼灭该敌。 毛泽东在电报中要求林彪等立即召开一次干部会议，进行战役动员。然而在当时条件下，要将各纵队司令员、政委召集在一起开会，是很难做到的。于是，林彪、罗荣桓、刘亚楼、谭政给东北野战军各纵队、各师发出了《全歼东北敌军的政治动员令》。 “动员令”指出：“目前敌人已表现极端恐慌与混乱，正准备放弃沈阳，企图向营口或向锦州、葫芦岛夺路南逃，从东北作总撤退。蒋介石亲到沈阳指挥，沈阳之敌倾巢西窜，进占彰武、新立屯一线，锦西、葫芦岛仍在陆续增兵并与我军对峙中，即为此种总撤退作准备。我军应趁敌人连遭惨败，恐慌混乱，企图作总撤退之时，乘胜继续大量歼灭敌人，不让敌人逃出东北，争取连续的伟大胜利。” “动员令”还要求：“各部决不可轻敌，不可因为打了胜仗漫不在意，必须像锦州战役一样，以勇猛果敢、前赴后继的精神，不怕困难、不怕疲劳的精神，争取大胜，争取全歼东北蒋匪军，解放沈阳，解放东北全境”（《罗荣桓军事文选》，第476页）。 林彪、罗荣桓等发出的政治动员令，对东北我军从政治上作了战役动员，以利东北我军各纵、各师积极行动起来，迅速投入战斗。林彪、罗荣桓、刘亚楼制定的围歼廖耀湘兵团的作战部署，决心坚定，兵力集中，从围歼廖耀湘兵团来看，部署也可称得上周密。因此，毛泽东于21日在批准这个部署的电报中表示：“完全同意你们二十日十时围歼廖兵团及其他各项部署，并无补充意见”（《毛泽东军事年谱》，第681页）。 但结合政治动员令来看作战部署，似乎政治动员令的气魄更大，把围歼沈阳之敌也包括在内了，而作战部署对沈阳之敌是采取牵制的方针。毛泽东在前几次电报中，要求林彪注意营口的防御，当高岗、伍修权提议十二纵加3个独立师即共6个师位于营口以北担任防御时，毛泽东还嫌不够，认为还要增加1个师，方能阻敌逃跑。但是，林彪等制定的作战部署却只安排1个独立师加1个重炮营负责营口的防御，并没有安排7个师，而毛泽东在审议和批准这个作战部署时，也忽略了这一点，以致后来出现“忽视对营口的控制是不小的失着”（《毛泽东军事文集》第5卷，第127页）。 锦州之战早已偃旗息鼓，而廖兵团10万精兵仍徘徊在新立屯附近。蒋介石命令廖耀湘继续西进与侯镜如东进兵团配合，重新夺回锦州。而卫立煌则命令回师退守沈阳。蒋、卫争执不下，把廖耀湘夹在中间左右为难，进也不是，退也不是。 廖耀湘本人认为蒋、卫的方案都于己不利。重占锦州显然是天方夜谭，无异于自杀；退守沈阳会遭到重重包围，也无异于慢性自杀。廖耀湘自己拟定一个于己有利的方案，这正是毛泽东最担心的——攻占营口，夺取港口从海上逃跑。 廖耀湘知道这个方案会遭到上司的反对，只是秘密向他手下军长们交代。无论是攻锦州、退沈阳还是向营口逃跑，都必须拿下黑山。因此，廖耀湘做好了战斗准备，只待上司一声令下就扑向黑山。一旦占领黑山，至于是采取哪一种方案就由不得谁了，“将在外君命有所不受”，他将决定整个兵团的命运。 但是，夺取黑山，实现第一步计划的命令卫立煌却迟迟未敢下达。10月18日晚，廖耀湘打电话给卫立煌，说：“我已做好战斗准备，明天拂晓攻击黑山，可一举成功。” “你先不要行动，”卫立煌说，“蒋总统急电让我明天去北平，见他之后再说。” “请早作决策，军情如火，瞬息万变。”廖耀湘道。 “好吧，我见了蒋总统让他早拿主意。”卫立煌说。 廖耀湘急不可待，多次向沈阳打电话询问，而卫立煌到北平迟迟不归。廖耀湘无可奈何，只好直接打电报给蒋介石，坚决要求经黑山、大虎山直退营口。 20日晚，卫立煌和杜聿明终于说服了蒋介石，放弃了重占锦州的计划。卫立煌回到沈阳才开始下令攻击黑山。 其实，廖耀湘兵团是蒋介石最精锐的王牌部队，主要由新一军和新六军组成。国民党有5大美式机械化主力军，其中新一军和新六军就是其中两支。 21日拂晓，向凤武率第七十军向黑山解放军阵地攻击。廖耀湘和向凤武首先认为黑山守军兵力不多，结果攻了一天，毫无进展。22日，廖耀湘命令新一军将所属重炮交给向凤武指挥，继续进攻黑山。这一天还是毫无进展。由于廖耀湘的轻敌，又耽误了两天宝贵的时间。当23日廖耀湘命令新一军投入战斗时，黑山守军已大大加强。梁兴初率第十纵队和1个独立师已进入黑山、大虎山，正严阵以待。 黑山、大虎山，北临高达千余米的医巫闾山脉，南接连绵90余公里的沼泽地区，北宁和大郑两条铁路、公路从这20里宽的狭长丘陵地带直穿关内。这宽仅20公里的狭长地区，是沈阳通往锦州的唯一走廊，是敌人大兵团行动的必经之路。 梁兴初把师长、政委们找来说：“要想打好这一仗，不咬咬牙是不行的！现在野司首长在看着我们，各兄弟部队也在看着我们。打好了，不仅是标志着东北的全部解放，更重要的是蒋介石的又一个'10万主力军'被我们从他的军簿上一笔勾销；打坏了，10万大敌就将逃入关内，对我们整个解放战争，又将意味着什么呢？那只能说，我们对人民犯下了滔天大罪！大家看，我们现在就站在这样严重的任务面前，我们对待自己，难道还能有其他第二个要求么？没有了！要求只能是一个，那就是：只准打好，不准打坏！” 各师相继进入阵地。纵队周赤萍政委前往大虎山观察三十师防御阵地。梁兴初带作战科长到二十八师。 二十八师担任黑山区防御，西侧是大白台子，东侧是高家店，为一长达3000米的丘陵地带。丘陵地带突出部是其主要阵地——101高地，形势险要。梁兴初登上“101”高地，未预料到竟是一座寸草不生的石头山。战士们艰难地挖着、刨着，费尽九牛二虎之力，仍是一镐一个白点。梁兴初和贺庆积师长研究决定，集中全力做好表面工事，用大量土袋、铁轨，首先修成地面火力点，然后再挖凿散兵坑，加强阵地的副防御。 22日，廖耀湘改命新一军军长潘裕昆为黑山攻击指挥官，指挥新一军和第七十一军及第二○七师第三旅，继续进攻黑山。潘建议以该军新三十师从正面即北面参加黑山之攻击，以第五十师之一部附该军的骑兵团从西北面包围黑山并向黑山以西之正安堡（位于黑山通锦州的公路上）迂回黑山，以期截断黑山守军后方的交通联络，特别加强正面与东面进攻部队的炮火支援，以轻重炮兵的集中轰击，摧毁黑山守军之抵抗。 梁兴初是员虎将。深夜11时，二十八师侦察队送来“活舌头”一名，是敌七十一军八十七师师部的通信班长，衣袋里装满送往各团的“战斗命令”。梁兴初从中了解到敌人避开黑山正面阵地，将矛头指向侧翼高家屯。高家屯因阵地难修，工事较弱。梁兴初便亲自来到二十八师指挥所。指挥所设在城北高地的一个碉堡里。 24日晨6时，4架野马式敌机，带着滚雷似的轰隆声，飞扑黑山城上空。随着凄厉刺耳的尖啸，炸弹成串地往下落，黑山城顿时被撕裂开了。与此同时，架设在张家窝棚方向的敌重炮群，也以暴雨般的炮火向高家屯一线遮头盖脑地打来。紧张、残酷的阵地争夺战，在高家屯一线激烈地进行着。国民党“党化部队”青年军二○七师第三旅，担任对高家屯冲击的主攻任务。八十四团二营在仅有一个山炮营的炮火支援下，坚守101、92、90等制高点，与敌人展开反复冲杀，顽强奋战。 敌人第一次冲锋被击退后，旋即以3个营的兵力，发起第二次猛攻。在敌人猛烈炮火轰击下，山头工事大部残破坍塌，人员伤亡较大。但是“人在阵地在”的决心，鼓舞着二营战士，他们不怕烟熏火烧、伤筋折骨，从倒塌的战壕里纷纷跃起，以突然而又密集的火力，给敌人一次比一次更惨重的杀伤。 战斗持续到11时，高地前已留下数百具敌军的尸体。敌人被激怒了，集中所有重炮，向3处阵地暴雨般地倾泻炮弹。以1个半营连续猛攻高家屯石头山。守军六连一排在表面工事全被摧毁的石头山上，以机枪、手榴弹、石块、木棍，连续击退敌人3次冲锋。当敌人发起第4次冲锋时，阵地上只剩4个人。激战至14时半，阵地终于被敌人占据。 敌人很快又聚集1个营的兵力，向四连阵地发起猛攻。此时四连弹尽粮绝，前去增援的六连两个班在途中遭到炮火轰击，大部伤亡。团指挥所遂令四连撤出阵地。四连一排有6名战士未及撤出，阵地即遭敌人突破。一排长李永发为掩护全连撤退，与敌人展开白刃格斗。他身负3处重伤，仍坚持用刺刀拼倒5个敌人，最后壮烈牺牲。 敌人在占领92高地后，马上出动两个营向101高地冲杀上来。此时101阵地已是弹坑累累，碎石成堆，几乎所有土木火力点都已坍塌。四、六连余部和营部通信班共20余人，就在这毫无依托的石头山上，利用弹坑滚进滚出，以密集的手榴弹连续击退敌人4次冲击。敌人不顾伤亡，纠集其残部以羊群般的队形，从3面合围上来。此刻，高地上只剩下5名战士，手榴弹已全部打光。在一场激烈的肉搏战后，101高地也被敌人占领。 梁兴初吼叫：“立即夺回101高地！” 贺师长回答：“坚决执行命令，马上组织反击！” 十纵二十八师贺师长沉着和果断，不给敌人丝毫的喘息机会，立即命令所属12门山炮，向占领101高地之敌轰击，又令八十二团一营、三营，统由八十四团团长蓝芹指挥，在炮火准备后，立即反击高家屯。 一营主要突击101高地，三营兵分两路，直奔高家屯石头山和92高地。借着滚滚尘烟，战士们飞速动作，突然出现在敌人面前。惊慌失措的敌人正待反抗，一排手榴弹立即落在他们头上。阵地上顿时刺刀飞舞，杀声震天，终于夺回了失掉的阵地。 梁兴初咬着他的铁板牙说：“明天，是决定的一天！我们头上挨的就一定是万磅炸弹，只要主力没有赶到，我们就一定坚决守住。今后的作战方案，不管哪个师都是这么一句话：'丢了，马上拿回来！'” 我军在黑山阻击战中的炮兵阵地 在大炮、飞机掩护下，敌一六九师倾出全师兵力，以成团的密集队伍发起猛攻。一场激烈、残酷的阵地争夺战，立即在高家屯一线展开了。 石头山失守，一个排大部伤亡。 国民党军又以4个营的兵力由石头山向92高地攻击，八十二团二营五连连长、指导员相继阵亡，班、排长自动代理指挥，以密集火力连续击退敌人的两次冲击。此刻，五连阵地只剩下10余名战士了。当敌人以两个营分3路发起第3次冲锋时，五连战士机智沉着地把敌人放进30米内，突然投出成束手榴弹，杀伤敌人。敌人不顾伤亡，仍蜂拥而上。战士们拉响成束手榴弹，敌人成堆倒下，五连战士也全部壮烈牺牲。 八十二团全部和八十四团3营所有兵力，随着一阵猛烈的炮火，分4路直扑高家屯。我八十二团