Chapter 28 Zeng Zhaoxiu in the first section of the great era

Tao Menghe's death, in addition to his family members, relatives, and old disciples fell into grief, there was a woman who seemed to have little relationship with Tao, while sending a condolence telegram to express her condolences, her heart was extremely sad and desolate.This woman is Zeng Zhaoyu, the director of Nanjing Museum. According to seniority, Zeng Zhaoyu and Tao Menghe belonged to two generations of intellectuals. Whether they first met in Kunming or they were neighbors in Lizhuang, they only had occasional business contacts and did not establish a close personal relationship.But after the end of the Anti-Japanese War, the capital was still in Nanjing. With the rapid and rapid development of the domestic political situation, the two people’s views on the current situation and their political relationship also underwent a qualitative change. Note and reuse.

When he was demobilized after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Zeng Zhaoyu successively participated in the organizational work of the "Wartime Cultural Relics Loss Clearance Committee" and "Theater Cultural Relics Preservation Committee". "Skull fossils and other tasks, Liang Sicheng recommended by Li also said that he would leave Nanjing and go to Peking to work in Tsinghua University. The post of director of the preparatory office of Zhongbo was represented by Zeng Zhaoyu. In May 1947, Hang Liwu, deputy minister of the Ministry of Education, served concurrently. Director-General, in charge of daily work.During this period, Zeng Zhaoyu was most enthusiastic about the construction of the Central Museum.

After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the staff of the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum hurriedly withdrew from Nanjing. The planned construction of the three museum buildings was only completed for the Humanities Museum, and only half of the main works, such as the most important main hall, were completed. Destroyed, it is in urgent need of expansion, renovation, and improvement to make it a veritable National Central Museum.Regarding this experience, Zeng Zhaoyu recalled: In November 1946, the convening of the Puppet National Congress was tantamount to closing the door for the peace talks, but I did not pay attention to these things because I was occupied by a new job.Li Ji, the person in charge of the museum, stayed in Chongqing because of his father’s illness, and I was in charge of everything in Nanjing. I took this opportunity to find Fu Sinian and Weng Wenhao, and asked the fake Ministry of Education for a large sum of money (fake national currency) 2.3 billion) to build the showroom of the museum, and within a month, an architect was approached to make a plan.We got the money, invited the bid, and signed the contract with the construction factory... In January 1947, under the specific management of Zeng Zhaoyu, the construction of the main hall of the Central Museum began, and it was completed as planned by the end of the year. Designed by Jingzhi, revised and finalized by Liang Sicheng, the museum imitating Liao architecture has only begun to take shape.This work has greatly improved Zeng Zhaoyu's status in the minds of people in the political and academic circles and colleagues.During this period, Zeng Zhaoyu fully demonstrated her intelligence and ability to handle administrative affairs.Following the main hall, a beautiful and sturdy showroom was quickly built and the collections were displayed and opened to the public.Under the degenerate atmosphere of officialdom chaos and corruption all over the world, the transparent and decent operating mechanism and extraordinary performance of this building are like a pool of stagnant water stirring up waves, which is refreshing. Zhu Jiahua, Weng Wenhao, Hu Shi, Fu Sinian and other political and academic circles The biggest names in the industry are doubly applauded. On October 19, 1947, Hu Shi recorded in his diary: "Ms. Zeng Zhaoyu invited to eat crabs in the Central Museum, and talked with Yu Dawei after the meal. Looking at the new building of the museum, I am very impressed that it has built this great building amidst great difficulties." Zeng's friendly academics, even the pure bureaucrats and politicians within the Kuomintang, had to nod to express their sincere admiration for this great building and Zeng Zhaoyu's ability to govern.

For this reason, Liang Baiquan, who later served as the director of the Nanjing Museum, speculated that the reason why Zeng Zhaoyu resolutely stayed in the mainland in 1949 was "probably because of the condensation of her sweat and passion in the main hall and exhibition hall of the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum." Emotions, or it may be because she thought that the archaeological career that was in full swing was still in the mainland.”Needless to say, the first half of this speculation, the showroom and the museum hall permeated with my painstaking efforts, are like my own babies, of course they are poured into emotion and reluctant to part.The second half of the sentence is quite similar to what Xia Nai said to Guo Baojun back then, "We still have a future".It is not so simple if we delve into Zeng Zhaoyue’s life trajectory and thought transformation. The hidden twists and turns hidden in it are much more complicated. This point can be seen from Zeng Zhaoyue’s kept diary and the “autobiography” submitted to the organizational department. You can spy a little doorway.

On October 3, 1951, in the wave of mass clean-up of the ranks, according to the requirements of the higher-level organization department, Zeng Zhaoyu, with a heart of guilt, imitated the loyal king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Li Xiucheng, who was hidden by the Zeng family in Heye Town, Xiangxiang. He was defeated and captured. The "Confession of Li Xiucheng" written by Li Xiucheng wrote a confession-style "Autobiography" with tens of thousands of words. The layout of the article is divided into eleven parts, and the table of contents is as follows: 1. My family and its economic situation 2. My social relationship 3. My childhood 4. My middle school days 5. The time when I was studying in university and teaching in middle school 6. The time when I was studying abroad 7. My return to China Seven years and eight months after the Anti-Japanese War, me three years and eight months after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War IX, my relationship with Americans X, my understanding after liberation XI, summary "Autobiography" handed in step by step according to the procedure, and After the internal investigation and external investigation by the high-level central organization, it was sealed in a cold and dark iron cabinet as a "secret" file. Except for Zeng himself and a few participants in the investigation, outsiders naturally had no way of knowing the contents of the file.Later, when the relevant departments rehabilitated Zeng Zhaoyu after her unjust death, Zeng's colleagues and a group of intellectuals with cultural conscience wrote articles to commemorate her, especially her life experience, especially when the country was changing and the regime was changing. I am still ignorant of what I think and think, as well as the internal and external forces of the transformation of political thought. I can only rely on what I have seen and heard in my daily life to say a few fair words for this outstanding woman in the field of archaeology and cultural museums, in recognition of our nation's " The spirit of independence, the mind of freedom".

This embarrassing situation lasted for decades and was not broken until 2009.In the spring of that year, during the special planning of "commemorating the 100th birthday of the late director Zeng Zhaoyu", the shrewd and capable director Gong Liang personally asked the relevant "organization" of the superior to open Chen Feng's dossier and copied the "secret" class. Most of Zeng Zhaoxiu's "Autobiography" was used as reference material for the study of Zeng's life.Just like the "Confessions of Li Xiucheng" was rediscovered and positioned in the 1950s and 1960s, through the yellowed pages of Zeng's "Autobiography", many unresolved and controversial secrets were revealed.

From Zeng Zhaoyu's "Autobiography", we can see that the children of the Zeng family in Xiangxiang have always adhered to Zeng Guofan's family motto of "farming, studying and running the family" and the teaching that "being an official is just an accident, and staying at home is a long-term solution". Follow the "road" guided by Zeng Wenzhenggong.It's just that this road has not been smooth. From the two generations of Gong Zizhen and Zeng Guofan who realized that the "declining world" of the boss China is irreversible and "foreign troubles" are pressing, until history enters the era of rapid changes and turbulence. "Avenue" gradually silted up into a "trail", and finally turned into a dead end.All of a sudden, society has entered a great era of "revolution". In 1927, when this great era was at its peak, Lu Xun wrote: "This year in the south, people called it 'revolution', just as last year in the north, people heard it. It is as grand as the one everyone calls "Tao Chi"....One is under the cover of one party's command sword, scolding his opponent, and the other is that there are many "beat, fight" and "kill, kill" written on the paper, Or 'blood, blood'." In this "big era" of blood splashing and crying, every Chinese is fortunate or unfortunate to be trapped in the political vortex, and rises and falls as the vortex ebbs and flows Ups and downs, wandering or rolling between life and death.Just as Lu Xun said in the winter of this year: "China is now entering a great era. But the so-called big does not necessarily mean that it can lead to life, but it can also lead to death." At that time in Hunan The famous Confucian Ye Dehui was beheaded by the peasant association, and Wang Guowei jumped into the lake in panic, all because of this "big era" in which both life and death are possible.

In the midst of the "revolutionary" sound of beatings, killings and "blood, blood", the principal of Zeng Zhaoyu's Changsha Yifang School, Zeng Baosun, was still stubborn and did not approve of students participating in political activities.In this regard, Zeng Zhaoyu had such a memory in his "Autobiography": "The ten months from the early autumn of 1925 to the early summer of 26 were very ordinary. The aftermath of the May 30th Movement, the strikes in Hong Kong The big movement of the school did not have any major impact on this conservative girls' middle school, but the sound of the Northern Expeditionary Army's artillery finally awakened this dream of embroidered doors. When the revolutionary army invaded Hunan, we didn't know what it was. The nature, I only know that Zhao Hengti left and Tang Shengzhi came, and Tang Shengzhi left and Ye Wenxin came. Ye Hui also injured the students of the army who welcomed Tang Shengzhi, and we sent people to condolences." He also said: "After the Northern Expedition occupied Changsha, the whole Changsha Our school does not take part in any demonstrations, parades with lanterns, lectures, or plastering slogans by the student circles in the city. Of course, this is considered reactionary in the eyes of the revolutionary masses. Many people come to talk to our student union, but we ignore them. At the beginning, we blamed us, but we ignored it at first, but later argued, the blame was too urgent, and we couldn’t stand it. Our principal resigned on the surface, and teachers and students organized a maintenance committee to take responsibility for the school. I also belonged to the maintenance committee. A person in charge."

As the person in charge, Zeng Zhaoyu led a group of students to petition Dong Weijian, then director of the Hunan Provincial Department of Education, requesting to maintain normal teaching in the school.Liu Zhixun, who was the secretary-general and chairman of the Hunan Provincial Farmers Association at the time (according to the south: Mao Zedong’s "Liu" in "I Lost My Pride and Yang Jun Lost Willow" in "Butterfly Love Flower Reply to Li Shuyi"), his wife Li Shuyi's sister and Zeng Zhaoyu Classmates, they led others to negotiate with Liu Zhixun, hoping that Liu would be able to help Yifang.But Mrs. Liu didn't think so, and criticized "Yifang Girls' High School is a reactionary school and should not exist" with an outrageous attitude.After Liu Zhixun's statement, Yifang School faced the danger of falling apart. Despite Zeng Zhaoyu's efforts, it was destroyed on April 8, 1927, and the students were forced to disband.Regarding this process, Zeng Zhaoyu recalled: "On April 8, 1927, the spear dart team of the peasant association living in the Chuanshan Society founded by Chairman Mao next to our school came to the school under the order of the Department of Education. Disbanding our school, we thought it was an unfair thing, resisted and refused to accept the order, everyone rushed to move the school's things to the nearby classmates' homes, guarded the principal out of the gate, and then everyone gathered in the classroom, singing, Use ink to write the slogan 'Yifang's spirit is immortal' on the wall. Then everyone shouted slogans and went out as a team." In the chaos of flying spears and wailing and running away, Zeng Zhaoyu led a group of students to cover the main teaching staff to leave the school. The political leaders Zeng Baosun and Zeng Yuenong fled to Hankou for refuge.Zeng Zhaoyu, school director of Yifang School, Zeng Baosun’s cousin Xiao Xiaohui, Zuo Jingxin (according to the south: Zuo Zongtang’s great-granddaughter, who studied in the UK and later became a teacher of Yifang), Chen Zhaobing, Peng Jian and other teachers and students leased the "Zundao Club" in Changsha Buildings, the elementary school and junior high school were restored, and teachers and support staff took turns to work hard.

In the days that followed, Zeng Zhaoyu and her "Student Maintenance Association" continued to call for the resumption of the school. With the help of relatives, friends and social sympathizers, in October of that year, they finally took over the Zeng Guofan Temple, which was occupied by the Chuanshan Academy Farmers Association run by Mao Zedong. In the "Haoyuan" regained.Zeng Baosun, who was in refuge in Hankou, received a telegram from Zeng Zhaoyu, and immediately returned to Changsha to make a comeback, and was able to resume school in the spring of 1928.This incident was Zeng Zhaoyu's first personal contact and face-to-face confrontation with the political forces that came to him.During this period, in addition to fighting against the "revolutionaries", Zeng Zhaoyu also witnessed the "Tang Hong incident" and experienced the pain and confusion of the failed rescue (Southern note: mentioned above).When Zeng returned to Kunming from England, his dream of becoming a journalist was stimulated by this tragic incident in his early years.

When the Yifang School was restored, Zeng Zhaoyu still received Christian education such as burying his head in reading, "don't ask about politics", and "love your enemy".Until the next year when he was admitted to Nanjing Central University, he still tried his best to avoid political interference.Zeng said in "Autobiography" that she and her second brother Zeng Zhaolun were busy with their respective affairs all day long, "except for classes, he was locked in his laboratory, and I was locked in my laboratory or library (I I was a student in the Department of Foreign Languages, and I also took classes in the Department of Chemistry, and I was transferred to the Department of Chinese Language in the second year), and he did his homework when he came back in the evening. We had no time to talk, let alone talk about politics. At that time, my understanding of politics was very vague "Although I was deeply stimulated by the domestic tragedy of the Anti-Japanese War while studying abroad, I became interested in current affairs and politics for a while, but it was still caused by my concern for my home country, relatives, and the special situation of overseas wanderers. In the field of research, interest in politics has slowed down again.When Zeng Zhaoyu moved to Lizhuang, Sichuan with the Central Museum and went to Pengshan with the excavation team led by Wu Jinding to conduct field archaeological investigation and excavation, his mentality was basically the same as before.It's just that the social reality closely connected with politics at this time constantly stimulates her nerves and is hard to avoid.In this regard, Zeng Zhaoyu once made such an explanation: We didn't know anything about the earth-shattering Southern Anhui Incident that happened at this time.I have worked in Pengshan for a year, and just like in Dali, I only look at the development of the world from the perspective of a third party.The outbreak of the Soviet-German war made me excited again, but it was nothing more than excitement. The complicated international situation made me reluctant to think about it.But no matter how unwilling you are to get involved in politics, many bloody scenes are presented before your eyes.For example, all kinds of bizarre and inhumane facts about the drafting of young men in the counties near Chengdu, as well as the various situations of abuse of young men after joining the army, spread among the common people. I fell into the cesspit, buried my head and face in the dung, and almost suffocated to death. When I heard these things, I intuitively realized that the Kuomintang's brutality would never last long. At about the same time, Zeng Zhaoyu's second brother, Zeng Zhaolun, who taught at the Southwest Associated University at the time, also changed, and gradually approached the political altar.This change can be glimpsed from Zeng’s 1940 diary. On May 25, Zeng Zhaolun recorded: At 7:30 p.m., the Chemistry Society of the United Nations University held a meeting at Kunbei No. 5 to send off the graduates and invited me to attend.A total of more than fifty students attended the meeting, but one girl did not show up.Among the teachers are only Yang Shixian, Cao Benxi and myself.My speech tonight was a great success.The content is to encourage students to work hard in the next ten years in order to achieve success in their careers, and they may wish to have great ambitions. On December 18 of the same year, it was also recorded: At five o'clock, I went to visit Brother Zhong by appointment.Brother Zhong told each other that Hu Xiaoshi had sued him, and the party headquarters had reported to Chongqing that Lin Tongji was organizing a new political party here, using "Warring States Policy" as its official publication.Among his frequent friends, I rank first.According to the theory of "Warring States Policy", it leans to the right and advocates dictatorship, which is exactly the opposite of my political views.This news is really bizarre.During the summer vacation, Zhonglin and He cooperated with the party department to hold academic lectures, and they seemed to have a close relationship, but unexpectedly, they are so jealous today.The intolerant nature of the Kuomintang can be seen here. Out of his own political views and dissatisfaction with the Kuomintang, in 1944, Zeng Zhaolun simply joined the China Democratic League, and as a pivotal member of this democratic party, he worked hand in hand with the underground party of the Communist Party of China, together with Wen Yiduo, Wu Han The younger generation sang against the Kuomintang, either explicitly or secretly.From then on, Zeng Zhaolun was completely involved in the political vortex, ups and downs in the tide of the times when the philosophy of struggle of "either you die or I live" prevailed, until he suffered a tragic accident and died in hell, which can be regarded as one of the typical devotion to politics tragic character. For Zeng Zhaolun's ideological change, Zeng Zhaoyu was deeply affected, and gradually recognized it and admired it. He believed that Zeng Zhaolun's courage and determination to devote himself to the democratic movement and discuss the current situation were "admired by himself."In subtle changes, Zeng Zhaoyu's originally turbulent thoughts were suppressed deep in his heart, like grass slowly poking out from under dead branches and leaves after a spring rain, wanting to be blown and baptized by wind, frost, rain and snow, and its roots grow. Gradually tilt to the left with red as the main tone.In 1947, several invisible boosters sneaked into her side, and Zeng's drifting speed suddenly accelerated, almost drifting out of the rivers and lakes where she was born, and jumped onto the red shore.In this regard, Zeng Zhaoyu cited a legendary case as proof: A cousin of mine, Zeng Xiankai, suddenly came to Nanjing and stayed with me.Xiankai and I were classmates in middle school. She had a younger sister named Xianzhi who joined the Communist Party during the Great Revolution and later became the lover of General Ye Jianying.At the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, because of the establishment of the United Front, Xianzhi returned to Hunan with many old comrades. Because of this, Xiankai knew and often communicated with General Ye Jianying, Premier Zhou Enlai and many other old comrades.Although Xiankai herself did not participate in revolutionary work, she had at least a preliminary understanding of the Communist Party. She told me everything she knew about the Communist Party. She said that the Communist Party absolutely needs culture and will never hate intellectuals. The museum is a storehouse of national culture, waiting for the arrival of the new era.Her words made me dispel all doubts and become more active in the work of the museum. Zeng Xiankai is the great-granddaughter of Zeng Guoquan, a historian with a Bachelor of Arts degree from Hunan National University, a master degree from Yenching University. At the end of 1948, he entered North China University to teach.This North China University, which existed for a relatively short period of time in history, surpassed all public and private universities in China during the revolution of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.The principal, Wu Yuzhang, is an old member of the Communist Party. Although the vice-principal, Cheng Fangwu, is a member of the so-called "Creation Society" that Lu Xun ridiculed as "rogue + wit", he is a vanguard of the left-wing camp and a very energetic characters.This revolutionary university, which survived for just over a year, has trained nearly 20,000 young and middle-aged cadres for the CCP. Most of these cadres, like seeds made of special materials, spread all over the country and soon took root in rural cities. It has become a direct descendant of the CCP after its establishment and a hard-core machine for suppressing counter-revolutionaries. In October 1950, North China University was renamed Renmin University of China and became the second party school of the Communist Party of China. Zeng Xiankai, who had always stood at the forefront of the revolution, also became a professor of the History Research Institute of this party school, and later served as the deputy director. equal rank.Zeng Xiankai is excellent in poetry and prose, and his works have been handed down to the world. He was never married and lived with his sister Zeng Xianzhi in his later years. Until the end of the 20th century, the research on Zeng Xiankai's life was almost blank.With the advent of the new century and the re-discovery and research of the secret history of the Zeng family headed by Zeng Guofan, the descendants have also become the focus of research. Note.According to the results of preliminary research in the academic circles, in the 1940s, the high-level CCP, through Ye Jianying’s wife, Zeng Xianzhi, ordered Zeng Xiankai to use a hidden identity to deal with free intellectuals in the Zeng family and people from the democratic parties who were related to her by marriage. "Political and ideological work".At that time, Zeng Zhaoyu, who held the actual power of the Central Museum, was one of the key targets to fight for, so Zeng Xiankai suddenly came to Nanjing to live with Zeng Zhaoyu on a political mission. Zeng Xiankai did not disgrace his mission, and his goal was clearly achieved. In just a few months, Zeng Zhaoyu had a major change in his thinking, and he rushed forward politically to the other side of the red.Not only that, when Zeng Zhaoyu was preparing to highlight the multiple sieges of the Kuomintang bureaucracy and ideological restraint, he also tried to pull relatives, friends, teachers and students around him to the other side, so as not to sink with the ancient ship of the Jiang Dynasty. "The tentacles reached Fu Sinian, a staunch supporter of the Kuomintang government.Regarding this seemingly incredible experience, Zeng Zhaoyue made the following confession in his "Autobiography": Fu Sinian... had a great influence on me in thought... As for how I treat him?Although I have been with him for a long time and are very close, I can't see his counter-revolutionary nature. I see him against Confucius and Song Dynasty, against bureaucratic capital, and against Er Chen. I admire him and think he has a sense of justice. I see him The seriousness of life, his hard work for himself, and his willingness to help his friends, I think his desperation to help the Kuomintang are just personal feelings for Chiang Kai-shek, and basically have no conflict with socialism.I admire his knowledge and talent, because he has always cared and supported me, and I have a "sense of confidant" to him.When I was still in Sichuan during the Anti-Japanese War, my thoughts were not able to go beyond his scope. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War and returning to Nanjing, I gradually realized that he was becoming more and more reactionary. He is very stubborn, and I can only use other methods to break him from the Kuomintang.In 1947, he wanted to go abroad to recuperate, but he repeatedly delayed and refused to go out. I tried my best to urge him, urging him through Yu Dacai's relationship. After he arrived in the United States, I continued to write letters to persuade him. Don't come back.I hope he can escape the scene of the fall of the Chiang family dynasty (I know it's not long).To prevent him from being involved in the vortex, I also hope that he can observe the domestic situation more clearly abroad and change his thinking, but all my efforts are in vain. He returned to Nanjing in July 1948 Later, he fled to Taiwan within half a year, and Nanjing was liberated within a year. Although the series of magic tricks performed on Fu Sinian were basically declared shattered with Fu's return to the country, Zeng Zhaoyu's political enthusiasm became high as the strength of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party ebbed and flowed, and the expansion and spread of corruption in the Kuomintang.The innate character of "courageous, courageous, and straightforward" has also been activated in the new environment, and the spiritual inheritance of "Huxiang scholar style" has integrated into her body and mind and makes her feel excited.At that time, Yu Dayi was living temporarily in Nanjing, and his aunt and sister-in-law came and went frequently. Yu Dayi, who was already on the side of her husband Zeng Zhaolun in terms of political concepts, also exerted invisible influence on Zeng Zhaoluan.Zeng Zhaoyu recalled: "From August 1947 to November 1948, she was in Nanjing. We often met and discussed issues with each other. She had roughly the same political views as Zhaolun, so She has been helpful to me." In January 1948, Zeng Zhaoyu, who went to Europe and the United States to investigate the manufacturing method of the atomic bomb, had already transferred from Europe to Hong Kong to wait for the return home. Zeng Zhaoyu had many correspondences with her. It is best to take action like some radical leftist intellectuals such as Wu Han from Tsinghua University and others, and defect to the liberated areas controlled by the CCP to join the revolution with his second sister-in-law Yu Dazhen.This alternative idea excited Zeng Zhaoyu for a while, but he did not put it into action in the end. The reason is: "First, I already have emotional nostalgia for the things that the museum thinks are made by me, and I don't want to leave them halfway. Second, I think that I didn’t have the courage to participate in the revolution before, and now that the revolution can be successful without you, what are you doing to join in the fun? It’s better to preserve the museum, which may contribute more to the country in the future, and preserve this treasure by yourself , always meritorious deeds.” Zeng Zhaoyu’s statement is both emotional and rational, and should be true and credible.In April of this year, the Shandong Corps of the Communist Party of China had conquered Weixian County, known as the "Fortress of Central Shandong".In a panic, the Kuomintang Garrison Headquarters hurriedly dispatched military police outside the city to guard the city. Due to the haste, the officers and soldiers who entered the city had no room to live. The military wanted to seize the premises of the Central Museum as a barracks.As the actual person in charge, the director-general Zeng Zhaoyu couldn't give in, so he started a tug-of-war with the military.The military's attitude was strong and domineering, and it was ready to move in. Zeng Zhaoyu used all kinds of network resources, "It took a lot of effort and got many high-ranking officials to come out to speak, so these soldiers were not allowed to come in." In such a situation In a crisis situation, Zeng Zhaoyu wanted to slip away quietly by herself, but she was out of touch with emotion and reason, and she couldn't explain to her colleagues who shared the joys and sorrows with her. All she could do was wait for change and plan for the future. In the winter of this year, the Kuomintang government began to transport the treasures collected in the preparatory office of the Central Museum to Taiwan.Zeng Zhaoyu thought it was inappropriate and tried to stop it, but his arms couldn't twist his thighs.Anxious and worried, I had no choice but to send an express letter to Zheng Zhenduo, Xu Senyu and other cultural celebrities who were closely related to the CCP at that time to ask for help. On November 29, Zeng Zhaoyu received a fast letter from Xu Senyu from Shanghai, which stated, "This idea comes from the Executive Yuan and the Ministry of Education, and the directors of this court in Beijing agree with it. You don't think so and you can't disobey it." Xu expressed her support and sympathy for Zeng's actions, but she knew that the overall situation was such that there was no way to turn the tide, and she could only comfort her. On December 4, military and political officials of the Nationalist Government held the third meeting of the third council of the National Central Museum in the Office of the Dean of the Executive Yuan, and decided to select the most exquisite cultural relics to move to Taiwan along with the antiquities of the Forbidden City.Zeng Zhaoyu attended the meeting and took notes. Although he protested on the spot, no one paid any attention.In a fit of rage, Zeng Zhaoyu sent a letter to Hang Liwu, Director of the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum on December 6, saying: Li Wu Junjian: The Council of the Japanese Academy held a meeting a few days ago and decided to transport 120 boxes of selected cultural relics collected by the Academy to Taiwan.This resolution is purely for the safety of all things, and those who love the remains of national culture will have no objections.But at night, I heard the news that China Merchants Jiang Yalun exploded and sank outside Wusongkou.There are different reports on the cause of the explosion, the most likely being a mine strike or explosives placed in the ship. The traffic authorities are deeply concerned about the safety of navigation.Another person from Taiwan yesterday said that Taiwan has repeatedly asked for trusteeship activities, and some American overseas Chinese instigated and presided over them.The attitude of the United States today is obvious.In the unlikely event that Nanjing is lost, the United States is neither willing to give up Taiwan, its military base, nor to be involved in the vortex of China's war. The most ingenious way is to support Taiwan's demand for trusteeship or declaration of independence.If this movement is successful, all cultural relics transported to Taiwan may not be shipped out.This time, in accordance with the resolution of the council, many of the items selected are unique national treasures. If the cultural relics are stored in Beijing, they are safe and sound. If the cultural relics are transported out, if there is any loss on the way or after arriving in Taiwan, the person who presides over this matter will be the nation forever. sinner.Although I have no responsibility for this matter, I have been keeping the cultural relics for the hospital for seven or eight years. I have a strong affection for all objects and know that there are various dangers. How can I keep silent.It is very fortunate that Wangjun seat Chen Zhi, the chairman of the hospital, transferred to the directors, carefully considered, weighed the pros and cons, and asked for a safer policy.I would like to present this to the Chen, and to beg for lessons.And pray for the answer.Pray for Junan! Sincerely, on December 6, 1937, Hang Liwu was 5 years older than Zeng Zhaoyu. He graduated from the School of Arts of Jinling University in 1923.In the same year, he won the public-funded study abroad quota in Anhui Province with the first place, and went to the University of London for further studies. During this period, he went to the University of Wisconsin in the United States as an honorary researcher.After returning to China, he served as a professor of the Political Department of National Central University and once served as the head of the department. In 1931, he served as the general director of the board of directors of the Sino-British Group. In 1932, he founded the Chinese Political Society and served as the director-general. In 1933, he established the Sino-British Cultural Association in Nanjing. Since then, Sino-French, Sino-Belgian, Sino-Swiss, and Sino-American cultural associations have also been established one after another.During the Anti-Japanese War, he served as a senator of the National Political Council and the president of the American United China Aid Association. In 1944, he served as the executive vice-minister of the Ministry of Education of the Nationalist Government. In 1946, he was transferred to the position of political affairs vice-minister. In 1948, he was responsible for transporting national treasures to Taiwan. Hang Liwu was very annoyed when he saw the letter with a bald head, not even given the title of "Mr." The content described is entirely a woman's opinion. The so-called long hair and short knowledge is true, so she discarded it in a rage and ignored it. She still used the power in her hands to direct the brigade to move the collection of the Central Museum's preparation office according to the original plan. treasure. On January 14, 1949, the Office of the President of the Executive Yuan of the Nationalist Government held the fourth meeting of the third council again. Attendees included Zhu Jiahua, Zhang Daofan (Hong Lanyoudai), Xu Senyu (Hang Liwudai), Sa Bendong (Qian Lindong) According to Zhao Dai), Fu Sinian, Wang Shijie, Weng Wenhao, Hu Shi, etc., the meeting decided to "transport the cultural relics to Taiwan as much as possible. Keep the cultural relics and seal them in the courtyard (Zhongbo) and the warehouse of Chaotian Palace Palace Museum".This decision was still opposed by Zeng Zhaoyu, but to no avail. From December 1948 to April of the following year, cultural relics from the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum were transported to Taiwan in three batches, with a total of 852 boxes, including unearthed cultural relics such as Yin Ruins inscriptions, Mao Gongding Ding and other palace cultural relics, all of which are national treasures.Zeng Zhaoyu saw that the collection he kept was gone, and in the midst of extreme grief and helplessness, he jointly published an open letter with Xu Senyu, Tao Menghe, Wang Jiaji, Wu Youxun, Zhou Ren and other famous academic experts and scholars in Shanghai on April 18, 1949. , strongly appealing to re-ship the cultural relics and ancient books shipped to Taiwan back to the mainland to show their political attitude and position.During this short and chaotic extraordinary period, Zeng Zhaoyu and Tao Menghe gradually came together because of their similarities in thought and political views, and formed a political alliance.Among the several central-level humanities research institutions under the Nationalist Government, Tao Menghe and Zeng Zhaoyu were the two most resolute and high-profile heads of the KMT who stayed on the mainland despite the ups and downs. here. At that time, many members of the Zeng family and their relatives and friends left Taiwan or Hong Kong in the chaos, such as Zeng Zhaoyu’s elder brother Zeng Zhaocheng, younger brother Zhaozheng, younger sister Zeng Zhaomei and brother-in-law Tan Jifu, cousin Zeng Baosun, cousin Zeng Yuenong, and the family of Yu Dawei However, most of the relatives who moved to Taiwan or Hong Kong persuaded him to go with him, but Zeng Zhaoyu remained unmoved.Before Fu Sinian went to Taiwan, he made an appointment with Zeng Zhaoyu, and persuaded him to go to Taiwan together to teach at National Taiwan University or to do specialized academic research work. He also said that if Zeng Zhaoyu had a family background and social connections, if he stayed in the mainland, he would never be ruled by the Communist Party. Moreover, she has worked in the museum for more than ten years, and she has offended many people. In the future, someone will take the opportunity to retaliate against Yun Yun.At this time, although Zeng Zhaoyu was still emotionally grateful and admired Fu Sinian (southern note: some people have verified that Zeng has always had a crush on Fu Sinian), but politically, he had become a master of two paths, so he refused on the spot. He left silently, full of sadness. On a certain day in March 1949, Zeng Zhaomei, who lived in Mount Wutai, Nanjing, was about to fly to Taipei with her husband Tan Jifu and his family. Crowds fleeing refugees, the station wharf is overcrowded, Xiaguan wharf, the largest escape channel, is crowded with people, shouting and fighting, the dust on the face is accompanied by sweat and bright red blood, spraying and flowing with fists and sticks flying, crying The voices of father and mother are endless, and the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, which exudes the smell of powder, has once again changed from heaven to hell on earth.Against such a background, Zeng Zhaoyu got the news that his sister had escaped, and immediately drove to the Tan Mansion in Mount Wutai to visit.This experience left an unforgettable impression on the young and beautiful Zeng Zhaomei: "When I was about to retreat from Nanjing to Taiwan in the winter of the 1937th year, sister Xie came to my house in Wutai Mountain one morning and gave her the belongings of her deceased mother: a gold bracelet. I was given a ring, a jade inlaid ring, and a gold ring each, and she earnestly told me that she was alone (Sister Xun was never married), and it was useless to keep her jewelry, so I wanted to keep it well. I never thought that this would be our last face." Zeng Zhaomei is a member of the Zeng family The last person who left overseas before the founding of New China.From then on, the sisters were separated from each other, separated by a sea of ​​people, and never saw each other again.