Chapter 2 Section 2 Scholar Rescue Plan

On November 29, 1948, the Northeast Field Army affiliated to the Communist Party and the main force of the North China Military Region, with a total of 1 million people, jointly launched the Pingjin Campaign in Beiping, Tianjin, and Zhangjiakou, and fought a decisive battle with the 600,000 people of the Kuomintang Army Fu Zuoyi. On December 12, Beiping City was surrounded by the People's Liberation Army, Nanyuan Airport fell, the Kuomintang army was exhausted, and Pingjin was about to fall.Chiang Kai-shek urgently sent an airdrop to the commanders of the Pingjin defenders to boost morale.At the end of the handbook, it said in a tragic and helpless tone: "Stick and wait for help. If you fail, you will be benevolent." The family members were terrified and ran away one after another, and Tsinghua University fell into chaos.In view of this situation, the school had to announce the suspension of classes, and the teachers, students and staff found their own way out.

At the critical moment when the national government was in turmoil and the building was about to collapse, Zhu Jiahua, Fu Sinian, Hang Liwu, Jiang Jingguo, Chen Xueping, etc., under the instruction of Chiang Kai-shek, urgently discussed and planned the details of the "Pingjin Academic and Educational Celebrity Rescue Plan" in Nanjing, and quickly drafted " Rescuers" list.The list includes four categories: (1) The person in charge of the administration of each institution; (2) Those who must leave due to political relations; (3) Academicians of the Academia Sinica; (4) Those who have made academic contributions and come to the south voluntarily.

The plan is established and implemented immediately.Nanjing sent an urgent telegram to Zheng Tianting, secretary-general of Peking University, ordering him to quickly organize Hu Shi and other heavyweight intellectuals to go south to discuss the future.When the secret telegram arrived, Hu Shi refused to get up on the grounds that he was preparing for the 50th anniversary of Peking University, and Mei Yiqi, the president of Tsinghua University who received the telegram, also waited and watched.At that time, there was a rumor that Peking University was about to move to the south. As the president of Peking University, Hu Shi, in order to stabilize the emotions of teachers and students, repeatedly refuted the rumors while actively preparing for the school celebration: "If Peking University leaves Peking, it cannot be called Peking University. Therefore, there is absolutely no reason to relocate.” In fact, in the face of the aggressiveness of the People’s Liberation Army, the Hu family once had the idea of ​​moving the universities in Peking to the south and re-establishing the Changsha Temporary University or the Southwest Associated University during the Anti-Japanese War, but it was only It was just a thought, and before we had time to plan it in detail, the People's Liberation Army rushed in like a tide. The Kuomintang army turned a few somersaults in the gust of wind and waves that emptied the walls and turned into a turtle, hiding in the city surrounded by high walls, not daring to stand up. Only occasionally, two small black bean-like eyes appeared from the crenel of the arrow stack, circling around looking for opportunities to escape or surrender.Hu Shi was deeply disappointed in the face of these tortoise bastards with hypochondriacs and smugness, thinking that the school's southward relocation was hopeless.That being the case, he, who is known as the "Dinghai Shenzhen" in the education circles of Pingjin, is faced with an urgent question that must be made-should he stay or go?At this time, in view of Hu Shi's huge presence in China's political and academic circles that cannot be ignored, the Communist Party also stepped up its efforts to win over and compete for him.According to the CCP's high-level instructions, several underground parties and former Hu Shi's disciples sneaked into Beiping one after another, and used various methods and methods to do Hu's political and ideological work.Wu Han, who had given up his teaching position earlier and walked out of Tsinghua University, sneaked into the Liberated Area secretly waiting to become a high-ranking CCP official, once specially assigned his direct descendants to find Hu Shi and talk secretly, so that Hu could stay at Peking University and stop chasing the Kuomintang for nothing.

Of course, in this conversation, Wu Han's instructions no longer represent "our people" he declared to the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in the past, but represent "our Chinese Communist Party."However, Hu Shi did not obey the instructions of this former lover, now a self-proclaimed high-ranking official, but replied coldly: "Don't believe the Communist Party!" Hanging in the yin and yang realm of "between the two banks, you can't tell the difference between a cow and a horse", dreaming a sweet dream, it's better to grease the soles of your shoes earlier-it's better to get away.In the end, Hu Shi had a clear-cut stand and categorically ordered his envoy to tell Wu Han three words: "In Soviet Russia, there is no freedom if there is bread; in the United States, there is freedom if there is bread; they have come, and there is no freedom without bread."

Knowing that Mr. Hu had made up his mind, Wu gave up his efforts, but the top Communist Party leaders still did not give up, so they used other methods to launch a psychological offensive.According to Ji Xianlin, a professor at Peking University and head of the Department of Oriental Literature at the time, when the People’s Liberation Army surrounded the suburbs of Beiping: “I went to the principal’s office to see Hu Shi and discuss some issues. Suddenly a man—I forget who it is now—came in and told Hu Shi said that the radio station in the Liberated Area had a special broadcast for Hu Shi last night, advising him not to flee with the Chiang Kai-shek clique, but to let him be the president of Peking University and the director of the Beijing Library in the future. We are very grateful to hear this news Interested, I wanted to see how Hu Shi would react. After hearing this, he was neither excited nor happy, but very calm, and only smiled and said: "Do they want me?" Just five short words He expressed his innermost feelings. It seems that he has made up his mind and wants to escape with the Kuomintang. But it cannot be said that he has a deep-seated hatred for the Communist Party. Otherwise, he will never be so calm and composed, and he will definitely be furious and curse. Expressing his loyalty to the Kuomintang and Chiang Kai-shek. Is my reasoning based on facts? I think it is." Lao Ji said: "Therefore, he is said to be a lackey of the US imperialists, and he is said to have 'followed the Kuomintang and Chiang Kai-shek all his life' , are not in line with the actual situation.”

It was not until December 12, 1948 that Hu Shi received a confidential telegram sent by Nanjing Minister of Education Zhu Jiahua himself: "Tomorrow a special plane will be sent to Ping to pick you up and Chen Yinke's family to Beijing", that Hu Shi had the intention of leaving Ping.When the plane sent by the Kuomintang arrived over Beiping, Nanyuan Airport was under the control of the People's Liberation Army, and the plane could not land and had to return empty. On the 14th, Chiang Kai-shek personally sent two telegrams to urge Hu Shi to fly to Nanjing, and sent a special plane to meet him.When Hu heard the news, he decided to take the opportunity to fly south. Before leaving, he sent someone to persuade Chen Yuan, the president and friend of Fu Jen Catholic University and a master of history as famous as Chen Yinke, to take the opportunity to go to Beijing together, but Chen Yuan refused.To Hu Shi's surprise, not only his old friend Chen Yuan refused, but even his youngest son Hu Sidu said he would stay at his relative's house temporarily instead of going south with his parents.This refusal surprised Hu Shi and his wife. They were annoyed and didn't know what to do.

In 1941, Hu Sidu defected to Hu Shi, who was an ambassador in the United States, and entered an American school to study. In the summer of 1948, he returned to China. On August 30, he reported to the Peking Library and became a staff member of Beitu.According to Deng Guangming, an anonymous secretary in Hu Shi's office, recalled: "At that time, Hu Sidu was unwilling to fly south with Hu Shi. He had just returned to Beiping from the United States, and he was not familiar with the situation in China in the past few years. He said: I didn't do anything harmful. They wouldn’t do anything to me about the Communist Party’s affairs. As a result, Hu Shi and his wife kept him.” Due to the urgency of the matter, Hu Shi was unable and unable to complete the political and ideological work of this rebellious son in a short period of time. Seeing that Hu Sidu's body was filled with a youthful and rebellious atmosphere, Hu Shi and his wife felt helpless, so they had to suppress their anger and follow the old saying that it will rain, the mother will marry, or the son will guard the family— — whatever.Hu Shi said a few words to his son not to be like when he was studying in the United States—going out to eat, drink, whore and gamble all day long, and not to do any real work. Apart from work, he should stay at home and take care of his family property and books, so he left.Not long after, Hu Shi drove to Deng Guangming's home and asked eagerly if he could find Chen Yinke. He said that the Nanjing government had called yesterday and said that it would send a special plane to Nanyuan Airport today to "rescue" Hu and Chen Yinke and other famous professors.Hu called Tsinghua to inquire about Chen's situation, and told him that he had returned to the city, but he didn't know where he was, so he asked Deng Guangming to find a way.

At the end of 1943, Chen Yinke bid farewell to Fu Sinian's invitation, and went directly to Yenching University in Chengdu to teach at Yenching University in Chengdu, bypassing Nanxi Lizhuang with his family.After arriving at the school, I lived in a private house rented by the school with Li Fanggui's family who had been transferred from the Institute of History and Philology to teach at Yanda University earlier, and life was difficult.At that time, Chen Yinke was extremely weak and blind in his right eye. After returning home after class, he was still preparing lessons and researching academically nervously with his only left eye under the dim light. In the spring of 1944, Chen Yinke's class location was changed to the Faculty of Liberal Arts of West China University, and his family moved into Huaxiba Guangyi dormitory accordingly, and the living conditions improved slightly.Because prices are still soaring, the Chen family is short of food and rice, and his wife Tang Yuan often suffers from heart attacks.In this situation, Mrs. Chen has to wear a long gown and carry a bundle to the classroom every week.Due to hard life and poor nutrition, Chen Yinke's left eye retinal detachment aggravated and eventually became blind.On November 23 of this year, Chen Yinke wrote in a letter to Fu Sinian and Li Ji: "During the first ten days, my eyes were suddenly very dim, and I was deeply afraid that the nerve retina would detach, and I would become blind. There is sediment in it, which cannot be cured by surgery and medicine. The reason is lack of nourishment, insufficient blood transfusion (or other unexplained reasons), advanced aging, suffering and dizziness all day long, and it is difficult to take medicine. If there is no great suffering, life would be better than death!"

Regarding the process of Chen Yinke's blindness, Liuqiu, Chen Yinke's daughter, recalled: "One morning, my father suddenly found that his eyes were dark and he was blind. He asked me to inform him that he could not go to class that day, and then he was sent to Cunren Hospital." Xiao Peng wrote: "Father was operated on by an ophthalmologist at Cunren Hospital. I heard from my father that the operation in Chengdu was not very satisfactory, and the retina was wrinkled. Although he went to the UK for treatment later, it could no longer be smoothed." In February 1945, Chen Yinke wrote " Eye Illness Doesn't Heal for a Long Time Book Hate" expresses my resentment and sorrow.The poem says:

The heavens abolish me, I am Ye Fei, sighing that Chang Hong is strong and wants to disobey. The writing is ashamed and willing to be destroyed, and the wife and children are cold and hungry. Floating to the west, Yinghai speaks empty promises, and looks north to the Youyan bone, waiting to return. The first emperor's coffin was temporarily housed in Beiping, to be buried in the West Lake. After eight years of hatred, Cai Wei only has blood on his clothes. The line "Xifu Yinghai Yanxu Xu" in the poem refers to the fact that he wanted to go to England to give lectures several times but failed to make the trip. This wish was not realized until after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.

In the autumn of 1945, in order to realize the previous promise, the Royal Society and Oxford University once again invited Chen Yinke, who was blind, to go to London to have his eyesight disease treated by British doctors, hoping to stay in Oxford to give lectures after he was cured.Chen accepted the invitation, departed from Chengdu via Kunming, transferred to India, took a seaplane to England, and entered the hospital arranged by the other party for treatment, but the operation failed in the end.Mrs. Chen Tang Yuan sent a letter to Fu Sinian in Chengdu on February 19, 1946, asking for help, and talked about history and language. My eyes are blurred, and I'm afraid that I don't have enough money. I'm hesitating about this matter. How about talking to Mr. Liuxian and Mr. Liwu?" He also said: "The manuscripts of Yuanbai's poems and notes have been copied by hand. Once Yinke returns, it can be printed after further deletions. Can this copying fee come from the Institute of History and Philology? About 30,000 yuan (not calculated in detail). When does the Institute of History and Philology come out of Sichuan? Is there any plan? Yanda Chengdu The entire closure is over, and the appointment of professors depends on the letters of appointment from Peking University and Yanda University, and the recruits can only talk about returning to Ping. Peking has repeatedly written to La Yinke (Harvard Research Institute is only for research work), and Yin Ke is still No reply. What do you think, sir? Hope you have a letter and send it directly to England to help him consider it.” After receiving the letter, Fu Sinian, who was struggling between Chongqing and Kunming to deal with the tide of Southwest Associated University, did not know what efforts he made or how he responded, but judging from the later situation, it seems that the fundraising matter did not have much effect.Chen Yinke, who was treating patients in London, was first diagnosed and treated by Sir Steward Duke-Elder, a famous ophthalmologist. After the first operation, he made progress, but the absorption of light in his eyes did not improve and was still blurred.The second operation tried to glue the detached part, but failed.But the situation seems to be better than when he went abroad, and the doctor told him that no more surgery is needed.Chen Yinke still had the last hope, so he asked Professor Xiong Shiyi, who was visiting abroad, to send the medical certificate of the British doctor to his old friend Hu Shi who was still in the United States to ask for help.Hu Tuo sent the medical certificate to the Columbia College of Ophthalmology for consultation, and the other party told him that there was no good solution and that he could not operate. Hu Shi felt "very sad", so he had to entrust Quan Hansheng, who was studying in the United States, to bring a thousand dollars to Chen. To show care. On April 16, 1946, Hu Shi wrote in his diary: "Yinke has a strong heritage, is very careful in reading, and has excellent workmanship. He is a major town in the history circle of our country. Now both eyes are abolished. It is a great loss for the academic circle. "According to Xiao Peng's pen records: Chen Yinke "After arriving in England, due to the end of the Second World War, he was poorly nourished. Although the retina was attached with electroacupuncture, the retina was wrinkled and could not be restored."Since then, Chen Yinke's eyes have been completely blind, and a generation of historians will spend the rest of his life in darkness. His miserable state is awe-inspiring.For this reason, Chen wrote the sentences "I will live my whole life to make today" and "The remaining years will lead to desolation", expressing his pessimistic and bewildered state of mind. On March 16 of the same year, Tang Yuan wrote to Fu Sinian again, saying that Chen Yinke "was planning to go to the Americas, but due to various inconveniences and insufficient travel expenses, he decided to wait for the ship and find a companion to return to China."At the same time, it is mentioned that "Yinke has four boxes of books, and he intends to entrust the Institute of History and Linguistics to transport them to Nanjing when he is demobilized. Beforehand, he can entrust the 50th factory to take them to Chongqing by car, but I don't know who to hand them over to? Mr. Qi, please specify Somebody, somewhere, can be approached and act as custodian".Finally, it was mentioned: "Yinke wrote a letter saying: I have resigned from Yan's great affairs, and I probably want to go back to Tsinghua University or go back to the Institute of History and Philosophy to specialize in writing." After Fu received the letter, he immediately replied.Regarding the matter of the book box, I wrote to Li Zhuang specifically to instruct Na Lianjun, a secretary and librarian at the Institute of History and Philology, to handle it.At this time, Chen Yinke was on the ship returning home.Regarding this experience, Yang Liansheng, Chen’s high school student in the Tsinghua era, had a memory: “After studying in the United States, on April 19, 1946, he and Zhou Yiliang (the most promising young scholar at that time passed on the mantle of Mr. Mr. Zhao Yuanren and his wife accompanied Mr. Zhao Yuanren and his wife to visit Mr. Shi in a boat moored at Pier 26 in Buruke, New York. Mr. Shi was almost blind in both eyes. He was a well-known doctor in the country, but surgical treatment was ineffective. (Mr. was hired as a lecturer in the Chinese Department of Oxford University, but he did not take up the job, but he went to seek medical treatment.) He returned to China by boat and told New York. He originally planned to try medical treatment again, but later heard about famous American doctors. At about 3:30 p.m. that day, Mr. Yunqing and Mr. Yuanren were calling for the first time in the cabin, and he suddenly choked with grief. But he regained his composure and talked for nearly an hour. I made detailed inquiries about Yiliang and Liansheng's recent situation. At that time, both of them had completed their doctoral studies at Harvard and were about to return to China to teach.... This was the only time Liansheng paid homage to his husband abroad, and it was also the last time in his life. Yang Buwei, the wife of Zhao Yuanren who went to visit, later recalled: Chen Yinke "slept on the cabin bed and said to me, 'Mrs. Zhao, although I can't see you, you still look like you are in front of me'. This is (our) The last time we met."This situation made Zhao Yuanren and his wife burst into tears.Since then, Chen and Zhao, the two former tutors of Tsinghua National Academy, the directors of the first and second groups of the Institute of History and Philology of the Academia Sinica, and the Taishan Beidou in the field of Chinese history and linguistics, have made a farewell in New York.And this farewell also means that Chen and Zhao's fate with the Institute of History and Language has come to an end, and they will go their separate ways.For this reason, Chen Yinke left a poem "Life is long and meaningless, and Yingbo's tears are not dry" to show his heart. At the end of May 1946, Chen Yinke returned to Nanjing and temporarily lived in the mansion of his brother-in-law Yu Dawei.Not long after, his wife Tang Yuan and his three daughters arrived in Beijing from Chengdu, and the family was reunited briefly. At noon on June 12, Mei Yiqi, who came from Kunming to the Nanjing Ministry of Education to handle the demobilization of Tsinghua University, made a special trip to Yu Dawei's mansion to visit Chen Yinke, and invited Chen to return to Tsinghua University after demobilization to continue teaching. Chen said that he could consider it. In August, Fu Sinian bid farewell to Peking University and flew south after being demobilized. During his stay in Beijing, he paid a special visit to Chen Yinke and his wife, and advised Chen not to return to Tsinghua University. He stayed in Nanjing to recuperate while waiting for the Institute of History and Philology to return from Lizhuang. The positions of group leader and full-time researcher, living, housing and other matters are all arranged by Mr. Fu.Faced with Fu's kindness, Chen Yinke agreed to consider it in detail, but he himself preferred to return to Tsinghua Garden in Beiping.Fu Zhibi still had an inseparable affection for Tsinghua Garden and Tsinghua colleagues, so he no longer urged Chen to reconsider, left, and rushed to Lizhuang.A few days later, Chen Yinke received a letter of appointment from Mei Yiqi, determined to return to Tsinghua to teach. In October 1946, Chen Yinke arranged for his daughter Liuqiu and Xiao Peng to study in Nanjing, then went to Shanghai with his wife and little beauty, took a boat transfer to Peiping, returned to Tsinghua Garden after nine years of absence, and temporarily lived in Xinlinyuan 52 No. Chen Zhongliang, a worker who left in Tianjin when the Anti-Japanese War broke out, also returned to the Chen family, and settled down in life and other aspects.The same as the pre-war course arrangement, Chen still serves as a joint professor of the Chinese and History Departments of Tsinghua University, and also serves as a tutor for the demobilized Yenching University Graduate School.Hu Shi, who had returned from the United States and served as the president of Peking University, visited the Chen family many times and tried his best to help solve the difficulties in life.Because Chen Yinke was blind in both eyes, his teaching and research required assistants to consult the books and materials needed for recitation and to copy the lecture notes, so he negotiated with Tsinghua University and asked Zheng Tianting, secretary-general of Peking University and head of the Department of History, for help, and Wang Yongxing was asked to come to assist.Chen Yinke wrote in a special letter to Zheng: Mr. Yisheng Shi Xi: My younger brother urgently needs someone to help with teaching because of his eyesight.Xu Gaoruanjun, formerly employed by Tsinghua University, will not be able to take office until the second semester of this academic year.From November 1st, it is planned to temporarily invite Wang Yongxingjun, a research assistant at Peking University, to act as Xu Jun's position until Xu Jun takes office.If you are granted, you will be grateful for the gift.This is followed by my younger brother Chen Yinke. Wang Yongxing was originally a student of the Chinese Department of Tsinghua University on October 35th.After graduating from Southwest Associated University, he was admitted to the Institute of Liberal Arts of Peking University. He and another student Wang Qian followed Chen Yinke to study Tang history. After graduation, he stayed at the Institute of Liberal Arts of Peking University to do research work.Chen invited him to Tsinghua University to serve as his assistant, which stems from the friendship and tacit understanding between teachers and students established over the years.Zheng Tianting received the letter and reported to Hu Shi, the president of Peking University, for approval. Wang Yongxing came to Chen Yinke's side, and Chen's mood gradually changed from anxious to peaceful.In addition to setting up courses such as "History of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties" and "History of the Sui and Tang Dynasties" for the History Department at home, I was determined to do a good job in teaching and academic research, continue my unfinished business, and named my study "The Purity of the Unseen". room".The so-called "not seeing" refers to blindness on the surface (according to Wang Yongxing, Chen Yinke can still distinguish the general outline of the person in front of him, and can vaguely see a shadow of some things), but it actually has a deep meaning.Although Chen Yinke adopts an attitude of "out of sight and out of mind" towards politics and partisan struggle, it is impossible to live in a vacuum. worries about the future.At the end of 1948, the outskirts of Beiping were rumbling, and Tsinghua Garden became the territory of the People's Liberation Army. The KMT and the Communist Party were about to make a complete comeback in the ancient capital of Beiping. Chen Yinke and his family left Tsinghua Garden and moved into the city to escape.During the chaos, Chen did not expect that Hu Shi thought of him at the last moment when he was about to fly south.Hu believes that people like Chen Yuan can be discarded, but a master of history like Chen Yinke, who has the integrity and strength of a free intellectual and can only be seen once in three hundred years, must be pulled in no matter what, and he must not be allowed to stay. Peiping, which was about to fall into the hands of the People's Liberation Army.So he hurriedly drove to Deng Guangming's home to ask about Chen's whereabouts. After hearing this, Mrs. Deng immediately replied that she might be able to find it, probably at his sister-in-law's house.After seeing Hu Shi off, Deng Guangming rushed to the home of Yu Dazhen (Yu Dawei's sister), a professor of Western Languages ​​at Peking University, and asked Chen Yinke's sister-in-law (Chen Shizeng's widow) where she lived in the city.After asking, Deng Guangming found Chen Yinke and his family at his sister-in-law's house.Deng repeated Hu Shi's entrustment to Chen, and asked if he would leave Pingnan with Hu Shi.Chen Yinke replied quite simply: "Let's go. Many days ago, Chen Xueping had a special plane to pick me up. He is a bureaucrat of the Kuomintang, and he was on the plane of the Kuomintang. I will never go with him! Now I am going with Mr. Hu. I feel at ease. .” Chen Yinke has always had the habit of taking a lunch break. When he made up his mind, he ordered Deng Guangming to return to Hu's house first. After a short lunch break, he hired a car to go to Dongchang Hutong and Hu's house to meet up.When Deng arrived at Hu's house, Hu Shi immediately told him that the plane had arrived at Nanyuan Airport and that time was running out, so Deng hurried back to urge Chen not to take a nap according to the old rules.When Deng was about to go out, he saw that Chen Yinke, his wife, his two daughters, Liuqiu, and Meiyan had arrived with some luggage (according to the south: Shi Liuqiu had transferred from Nanjing to Peiping). The car flew towards Nanyuan Airport.When the car arrived at Xuanwu Gate, the city gate was closed tightly, and the guards and soldiers were not allowed to go out.Hu Shi had no choice but to use the phone to contact Fu Zuoyi, commander-in-chief of the Beiping garrison, but Fu Zheng was busy negotiating with representatives of the People's Liberation Army, so he couldn't get in touch at all.However, there was a war outside Beiping, which caused the special plane sent by Nanjing to Beiping to fail to land and returned without success.Regarding the chaotic situation on this day, the "Shenbao" reporter in Ping'an sent back a set of telegrams on the same day: The Kuomintang troops on the outskirts of Beiping had completed centralized deployment and strengthened the defense of the city walls. At 4:00 p.m., fires broke out in several areas in the western suburbs. By 4:30 p.m.The new urban area was involved in the vortex of war yesterday afternoon, and today there is a fierce battle at the Gongzhufen outside the Fuxing Gate.Ping's army gathered, and the shops along the streets in Xicheng were full of troops, and the streets were also congested with army ranks, making it difficult to walk.According to officials, the concentration of the Kuomintang troops has been completed, and the situation can be reversed.Another telegram: "The sky over Pingping was quiet this morning, and a military plane flew over in the afternoon. Officials revealed that Wang Shuming is flying over Pingping today. (Also telegraphed) I first heard the sound of the plane in the afternoon, and a small group of bombers flew northwest through the city sky. At 3:00 p.m. Afterwards, two civil aviation planes flew over the city and circled for a long time, suspected of trying to land at the Dongdan military training ground in the city but failed, so they still flew back.” Faced with the chaotic and dangerous situation where planes could not land and the city gates were closed, Hu and Chen had no choice but to take a car back to Dongchang Hutong to stay temporarily, waiting for another action the next morning.That night, Deng Guangming went to Dongchang Hutong to say goodbye to Chen Yinke. Chen said to Deng meaningfully the following passage: "Actually, Mr. Hu must leave because of his political relationship; Everyone in the communist-ruled area eats millet, and I can’t bear it if I want to eat millet too. Besides, I’m sick and I can’t leave American medicine. So I have to go too.” On the 15th, the war in Pingjiao spread, and the sound of guns became more chaotic and tense. Tsinghua Garden has become the world of the Communist Party.Chiang Kai-shek personally issued an order to send a plane to Peiping again, and the Hu and Chen families rushed to the Qinzheng Palace in Zhongnanhai to wait.The city guard commander Fu Zuoyi ordered the troops outside the city to organize troops to attack Nanyuan Airport, take back the airport at all costs, and complete the plan to rescue scholars.After two rounds of bloody battles, the People's Liberation Army retreated, and the Kuomintang army temporarily regained control of the airport.In the afternoon, the plane sent by Nanjing made an emergency landing at Nanyuan Airport under fire from the People's Liberation Army. Fu Zuoyi ordered people to notify Hu Shi and others to board the plane immediately.Therefore, Hu and Chen's family immediately transferred to Commander-in-Chief Fu's car in front of the Qinzheng Palace and headed to Nanyuan Airport.Famous professors such as Mao Zishui, Qian Siliang, Ying Qianli, and Huang Jinao from Peking University and Tsinghua University arrived at the airport successively after Hu and Chen.Due to time constraints, most of the professors who were rescued from Nanfei had nothing but a few pieces of luggage in their hands. Hu Shi’s haste made him leave a large number of letters and diaries with his friends and disciples for decades at his home in Dongchang Hutong in the city. And other valuable information.Seventeen or eighteen years later, some of these letters became a major crime against Wu Han, a student he supported and cultivated in his early years, for "taking refuge in foreign slaves, compradors, and lackeys of imperialism".In the panic before the departure, Hu Shi left a note for Zheng Tianting, Secretary-General of Peking University, Tang Yongtong and others, and I left without preparation.I have to ask you colleagues to maintain everything. Although I am far away, I will never forget Peking University. This was Hu Shi's last farewell to Peking University, which he had devoted half his life to, and it was a farewell forever, and he never returned to this ancient city and old place that haunted his dreams.In his diary on this day, Hu Shi wrote: At around eleven o'clock last night, General Fu Yisheng (according to the south: Fu Zuoyi) himself called and said that the president had a phone call and asked me to fly south, and the plane would arrive at eight o'clock this morning.I told him on the phone that I couldn't stay in Peiping with him, and he was very understanding.We arrived at Qinzheng Hall at 8:00 this morning, but the headquarters advised us to wait for the news, and we did not leave until 2:00 in the afternoon, and we arrived at Nanyuan Airport at 3:00.There are two machines, and twenty-five people are planted.Our plane flew directly to Nanjing and arrived at 6:30 p.m. Many friends came to pick us up. His son Sidu stayed in Peiping without traveling with him. During this trip to the south, Hu Shi left many unsolved cases for his contemporaries and future generations, one of which was why his youngest son Hu Sidu stayed in Beiping alone.Because there is only a simple sentence in Hu Shi's diary, and there is no direct evidence to explain it in other circulated materials, Hu Sidu's suicide has become a mystery that people can't explain.