Chapter 32 Chapter Thirty-One

In Xiajiang in May, the leaves are closed and flowers are everywhere.The most eye-catching among all kinds of purples and reds are the large fireworks of snow white, pink and lavender, which are fragrant and colorful under the sun.Two months later, the flowers will turn into egg-sized green smoked peaches, and it is the season to harvest big smokes.Straw hats drifted in the sea of ​​smoke, and the two of them "knife together".The knife operator in front rotates the tip of the knife on the smoked peach, and the milky white juice oozes out.The person in the back hangs a small iron box on his left middle finger, with the rest of his fingers holding the smoked peaches, his right index finger swipes around on it, and then scrapes the stained juice on the edge of the box.In the evening, we have to refine the smoke paste, pour the smoke paste into a brown ointment, put it on the kraft paper smeared with soybean oil, half a catty each, called "big smoke elements".The wages of the smokers are generally about 1/10 of the boiled tobacco paste.

Every July is the time when peasants earn some living money, and it is also the time when all kinds of anti-Japanese and non-anti-Japanese armed forces collect opium taxes. When the National Salvation Army and the Mountain Forest Team are all concentrated in the Great Smoky Lands, my opinion: recently the team has been replaced to the north, mainly to carry out the rural movement and the work of the united front.On the other hand, opium tax can be collected. The method of collection is not to go to the team for protection, but to propose to the team protecting the tobacco land. They can give as much as they like, and raise a few percent to the opium landlords, so as not to hinder our important work. Tasks and activities are the principle.

This is the text in "Lao Hu's Letter to the Jidong Special Committee, Ning'an County Committee, and the Fifth Army Party Committee of the Communist Party of China" dated July 10, 1935, and it is also the earliest relevant text that the author has seen. As for other taxes, they are not as seasonal as the opium tax.In areas where heavy tobacco is grown, taxes are often heavy smoke. One of the characteristics of "Manchukuo" is that opium is money, and in some areas it is even better than money.Before 1938, having smoke meant having food, clothing, and even ammunition.

Speaking of the anti-union troops that went down the river in 1937, almost all the documents of the armies at that time used the word "hedgehog collection". Later, the 11 armies of the Anti-Japanese War, except for the 1st, 2nd, and 10th armies, were basically in the Xiajiang area at this time. At the beginning of September 1935, Li Xuezhong led the 2nd Army and 2nd Regiment to march westward to Nanman. When they joined forces with the 1st Army in Naerhong, Mengjiang County, the scene was warm and moving.The local people slaughtered cattle to send noodles, and tried their best to make "chewy wraps" to entertain the Second Army who came from afar.Two military-civilian gatherings were held, and then a joint meeting was held to exchange experience in guerrilla warfare, formulate a joint combat plan between the two armies, and conclude the "Convention on Contest against Japan and National Salvation".They also gave gifts to each other. The 1st Army gave the 2nd Army two box guns, and the 2nd Army gave the 1st Army several grenades.

Although there is no record in historical materials, and no one mentioned it in interviews, similar situations should also exist in Beiman and Jidong.Especially when the enemy and the enemy are inextricably fighting, or when a coalition army arrives, the feeling of joining forces on the battlefield after victory is self-evident. However, in 1937, in more than 10 counties in the lower reaches of the Songhua River, after gathering about 20,000 coalition troops from 8 armies, the sound of bowls hitting plates and plates hitting bowls was heard from time to time. On February 23, 1938, the "Letter from the Party Committee of the Five Armies and Three Divisions to the Military Special Committee on the Distribution of Taxes in Muying" stated:

Regarding the preliminary discussions between the Third Division of the Fifth Army and the Third Division of the Seventh Army on the issue of the Dumuhemu Battalion, we feel that we are very dissatisfied.It is found that the wooden camp is not a small-scale wooden camp, but a large number of large prescriptions of 5,000 to 8,000 yuan and round sticks of more than 15,000 to 20,000 yuan have been prepared in advance. The tax of two yuan per stick is a huge income. According to the "Draft of the Coalition Army Wafeng Conference", we have the right to propose a share of this income, because this is produced by our Chinese mountains and forests, and it is not caused by any army alone, or which army alone result of work.

In February one year ago, the Allied Forces Conference was held at the No. 9 Army Camp in Wafenghe, on "planning, handling and collection of economic and military supplies", "the spring clothing fee was donated per mu of land", "donated per mu of land, shared by all armies" , "Supply collection and distribution area" and so on, all have specific regulations and divisions.The representatives of the 3rd Army and the commanders of the 5th, 8th, and 9th Armies participated in the meeting. Although there were no personnel from the 4th, 6th, 7th, and independent divisions, there were some representatives.For the specific operation of the "Headquarters Office of the Allied Forces in Hadong", the chief of the chief is appointed by the general. The Chief of Staff is represented in the Headquarters".

On May 17, 1938, "Feng Zhigang's Letter to Song Yifu Concerning the Confiscation of Land by the Sixth Army" stated that he thought that the Army had no problems in this regard. It was the Sixth Army itself that made a mistake. I received this letter and decided (absolutely) to implement Comrade Song’s proposal and the coalition’s decision to make the office’s work go smoothly.” Just how many Feng Zhigangs are there? Farmers are undisciplined, and long-term guerrilla warfare has developed a guerrilla habit of doing things alone.The team reorganized by the Mountain Forest Team has a strong sense of territory and does not allow others to get involved.It is rare for a serious core team to be more or less without this awareness.This is my territory, why should I assign it to him?Some people cross the line intentionally or unintentionally, especially the big taxpayers who are close to them, they all want to make a profit and eat a bite.In a village, donations are collected today, taxes are collected tomorrow, internal disputes among the coalition forces, common people complaining, and the harm far exceeds the behavior itself.

There are more than 10 counties in Xiajiang, with a vast area, and the general office is beyond reach, and branch offices in Yidong, Mudanjiang, Xiajiang, and Luolemi have been established successively.There are also those formed without the consent of the headquarters. Talking about this period of history, some old people said that the Xiajiang area is rich, and it is not a problem to feed more than 20,000 coalition troops in more than 10 counties. The key lies in the chaotic and disorderly collection of taxes.When several unaffiliated troops come together, conflicts and disputes are inevitable, especially for unconventional teams like the Anti-Japanese League.At that time, there were "offices" everywhere, and if there was a problem, they said "find the office".It should be said that most of these offices are conscientious, but they are neither government nor higher-level military agencies.How much authority do you think a temporary unit put together by a few soldiers can have?In the eyes of some people, whichever army the person in charge of the office belongs to, the elbow was turned to that army, not to mention that some people didn't take it seriously at all.Some offices are constantly being reorganized, which is still difficult.

On September 7, 1937, the "Secret Communication between Song Yifu and Zhou Baozhong of the Jidong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China to the senior cadres of the Anti-Japanese Allied Forces in the Lower River" stated: All the units in the lower river have always lacked the spirit of unity, "don't give up when you see benefits, and don't care about each other in case of war." This is an extremely shameful thing in revolutionary guerrilla struggle, and it is also an extremely dangerous thing. tendency. In 1937 (no month and day), "Letter from the Director of the North Manchurian General Political Department of the Provisional Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China to the Comrades in Charge of the Military and Political Affairs of the Three Armies and Four Divisions" stated:

Now in the Northeast National Revolutionary War, there are quite a few upper-level leaders who have given up all their complex views immediately after the hard education of our party and the result of overcoming many of their own doubts, and are loyal to the cause of resisting Japan and saving the nation. Immediately after joining the party, he showed initial loyalty to the party.For example, Chai Shirong, deputy commander of the Fifth Army, Xie Wendong, Qi Mingshan, Yu Jiujiang, etc., all became the most heroic commanders in the Northeast Anti-Japanese War. On the surface, it seems that Xie Wendong is not as enthusiastic and active as Li Huatang for the alliance with the 3rd Army.But in the spring of 1936, he asked to join the Communist Party, and before that he had to organize his team into the 3rd Army.The author once said that "Xie Wendong is not a 'nonsense'". Firstly, he was in the Anti-Japanese War at this time, and secondly, he was carefully planning his own abacus. In Northeast dialect, this person is quite "so understanding" (more minded, cunning) , insidious, etc.). The Kuomintang government in Nanjing couldn't count on it, and it failed to seek Soviet aid for weapons.An enemy of an enemy is a friend.The Soviets did not help him with weapons, which confused him. How could the Communist Party over there not help the Communist Party here?However, everyone knew that Li Du and Wang Delin ran there after their defeat, and this in itself is enough to explain the problem.The Communist Party has formed a climate in the Northeast, and if we want to resist the war, we have to rely on the Communist Party, especially in his current situation and appearance.And the strength of the Communist Party lies in its backing, relying on the Communist Party here is tantamount to relying on the Communist Party over there. With the establishment of the "Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army Headquarters", it should be said that all parties got what they wanted, and Xie Wendong undoubtedly got the most.Soon, he joined forces with Li Yanlu to set up the "East Road Command", elected Li Yanlu as the commander-in-chief, took the opportunity to issue a letter of appointment, and incorporated the team.Afterwards, they still tried their best to sway among the coalition forces and seek to maximize their benefits. If it was in South Manchuria, Xie Wendong would rely on the big tree of the Communist Party for survival and development, and he had no choice but the First Army.But it is different in Beiman and Jidong. No matter what he thinks subjectively, objectively he has become a spoiler. The first to quarrel with Xie Wendong was the independent division that later became the 11th Army. Before and after the establishment of the 8th Army, Qi Zhizhong disarmed all the volunteers and forest teams who defected to the 8th Army, and asked Song Yifu of the 5th Army to help them disarm.After Zhao Shangzhi knew about it, he wrote to Qi Zhizhong and Xie Wendong in the name of the General Manager, and divided their activities into areas to prevent the situation from expanding. On July 17, 1937, "Letter to Brother Xiang from Zhao Shangzhi and Zhang Shouzhen" stated that after the attack on Fangzheng County, because of the "mistakes" of the "Mingshan Team" (the Chamber of Commerce refused to accept the anti-Japanese special donation for attacking Daluomi Town, "Mingshan "Team" set the house of the chamber of commerce on fire and burned down half the street—the author), Xie Wendong and Li Huatang advocated disarming it, but the 3rd Army disagreed.Afterwards, Qi Zhizhong spread rumors and told Li Huatang that the 3rd Army wanted to disarm you.Qi Zhizhong was isolated and helpless, and hostile to many parties, so he planned to use the Communist Party. On February 13 of the same year, Zhou Baozhong said in the "Draft Outline for the Establishment of the "Route Army" of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces": "The Qi Mingshan troops of the independent division are different from the people's army, and they are turned into bandits." In early April, Zhang Shouzhen went to the Independent Division to have a marathon individual conversation with Qi Zhizhong, which lasted for 10 days.I don't know what kind of conversation record this is. In order to resolve conflicts and unite in the war of resistance, the earnestness of the Communists is evident. The 8th Army, 9th Army, 10th Army, 11th Army, and 3rd Army have all helped in clothing, supplies, weapons, and ammunition.Among them, the preferential treatment given to the Eighth Army even made Li Huatang feel quite unfair.As Hou Qigang said in his lectures at the political and military school: "The reason why Xie Wendong's current situation has not been reduced and collapsed is purely because he received actual help and influence from the three armed forces at the end of 1935." However, human desires are Unsatisfactory, especially after seeing the 3rd Army helping Tangyuan guerrillas reorganize into the 6th Army, Xie Wendong's psychology must have become even more unbalanced. In this regard, in the "Letter from Zhao Shangzhi and Zhang Shouzhen to Xie Wendong" on August 1 of the same year, he stated without hesitation: "It is true, Comrade Wendong told others how good we are to (same) Tangyuan guerrillas, and we are with the Fourth Army How good is the Second Regiment? Is there any difference in the Anti-Japanese Allied Forces? It is indeed different, because they are the basic team of the Communist Party, so they are naturally more cordial and caring!" "The Third and Fifth Army is the Communist faction, and the Eighth Army is the national faction", and "it is unnecessary to fight Japan. After Japan is defeated, the communist faction will rise up to fight the national faction, so we (the national faction) will fight the communist faction first." This statement came from the 8th Army this autumn. No matter who the copyright belongs to, Xie Wendong, who will obviously be stimulated by the words of Zhao Shangzhi and Zhang Shouzhen, should agree with the first half of this sentence. At the end of 1936, due to disputes over the collection of taxes, the 1st Division of the 3rd Army disarmed the 2nd Division and 4th Regiment of the 8th Army. Guan Wenji, the commander of the 2nd Division, took revenge and incorporated 3 teams from the 12th Regiment of the 5th Brigade of the 1st Division. Chang Youjun, commander of the 1st Division, refused to allow the 8th Army to collect wood tax in Dabailami, so Guan Wenji had to pay Chang Youjun.The two sides mobilized troops, swords were drawn, and Zhou Baozhong arrived. At this time, Zhao Shangzhi was leading the main force of the 3rd Army on an expedition, and was about to reap a great victory.Not knowing how to deal with this violent temper, Zhou Baozhong first asked both parties to suppress their anger and stop fighting, and then went to see Guan Wenji.Guan Wenji did not admit that he had recruited troops from the 3rd Army, saying that they voluntarily followed the 8th Army.Zhou Baozhong wrote to Li Fulin, explaining that the members of the 12th Regiment could not be coerced for a while, could they be allowed to temporarily join the 8th Army and allow the 8th Army to collect wood taxes?Li Fulin, Li Xishan, Chang Youjun and others resigned. After repeated persuasion, they agreed to collect taxes for the Eighth Army, but their share had to be kept by the Audit Office and returned after the problem was resolved.Guan Wenji strongly disagreed. Zhou Baozhong proposed that the 5th Army's share could be used as a guarantee for the 8th Army, but Guan Wenji still refused. On January 7, Zhou Baozhong wrote to him, explaining that he must choose one of the two, otherwise the 5th Army will withdraw the political workers sent to the 8th Army, and return after the problem is resolved.And asked him to forward the letter to Xie Wendong.At the same time, he instructed the personnel of the 5th Army in the 8th Army to avoid getting involved in disputes between the 3rd Army and the 8th Army. As a result, the 8th Army also fought against the 5th Army. July 23, 1937, "Letter from Fifth Army Commander Zhou Baozhong to Xie Wendong and others", the text is as follows: Wen Ji, Commander of the second division of your army, used to violate the discipline of the coalition army in Dabailmi. Not long after the mediation, the situation has intensified recently.Not only has the discipline of the coalition forces been completely destroyed, but it has also hindered the future of the united front for anti-Japanese and national salvation.In the past, Tuanzhang Li (Huangzi) took over the Sixth District without permission.Also, Jin Shan, head of the First Division of the Guizhou Army, was good at killing Deputy Commander Wang of the Second Division of the Fifth Army and disarming the armed forces, which has not yet been dealt with.The Sixth Regiment of the Fourth Army was also confiscated by the Ministry, and the return was delayed.It seems that all these things should be dealt with clearly, and the matter cannot be prolonged. How to deal with it, I would be grateful if you could reply in writing from the military department of your army. In the documents that the author has seen about the disputes and conflicts between the Allied Forces, the Eighth Army is almost indispensable, and Guan Wenji, the vanguard, is indispensable.When this person was mentioned in the interview, the old people said that this kid is not a thing, but he is Xie Wendong's godson. Isn't it obvious what happened? In the same year (no month and day), "Letter from Song XX to Zhou XX" said: Yidong's enemy situation is still the same as before, only more than a hundred students are often disturbed, and there are no large numbers of Japanese invaders. Because our team fights on its own and does not keep in touch, it is a coincidence that he won the victory. I really hate it and really annoy me! And Guan Wenji and others, are they happy to watch you lose the battle? "Traitorous old man, silly old Zhao, Xie Wendong fooling around", if the "silly old Zhao" in the middle does not move, then it seems more appropriate to swap the "old man" and "Xie Wendong" at both ends. Compared with Li Huatang, Xie Wendong is obviously more suspicious and resentful towards the Communist Party.His active request to join the party can also prove this point from another aspect. Tong Changrong once said: "Fantasy that introducing the officers of the National Salvation Army into the party can turn the National Salvation Army into the Red Army." Except for the scholars and experts who study the Anti-Japanese League, people today do not know and have never regarded Xie Wendong as a party member.What accomplished all this back then, in addition to the realization of the united front to resist Japan and save the country, also had two tacit words: use. The leaders of peasant uprisings in Chinese history are all elite figures in the soil and water.During the Tulongshan riot, Jing Zhenqing had to ask Xie Wendong to come out of the mountain, because he was indispensable.In Xie Wendong's mind, the Communist Party hates the rich. People like him will be a problem sooner or later, and they should be dealt with after the Japanese. Of course, we must deal with it now.It's hard to say when this kind of thinking came into being. There is no doubt about it when there are "communists" and "nationalists".He knows that this is a world where strength speaks, so he uses the power of the Communist Party to develop and strengthen his own team. He has an advantage, because his name is connected with the Tulongshan riot, and he is not inferior to anyone in terms of influence.However, due to the sequelae of the "Northern Conference" line of the Communist Party, most wealthy and landlord anti-Japanese armed forces supported him, and almost all mutiny and puppet troops chose to defect to the 8th Army. If it continues like this, no one will have anything to say. The 4th Regiment of the 8th Army, which was disarmed by the 3rd Army, and the 12th Regiment of the 3rd Army, which was incorporated by the 8th Army, were all incorporated mountain forest teams.There are many such teams in each army.The old habits of this kind of team are hard to change, and it is not worth making a fuss about making something out of it from time to time.Even if Guan Wenji wants to take revenge, isn't that just a matter of Xie Wendong's words?Can the teacher's son not listen to the army commander's father? Many old people say that Xie Wendong "protects the calf".It originally refers to over-doting children, covering their shortcomings, and wrong "protecting calf". It is a traditional culture, and it is also an old way of leading troops to win people's hearts: even if you have a big sin, I don't care, and even take it over. So that you are grateful to Dade, and stabbed me in both sides. On June 6 of the same year, "Letter from Li Huatang, Commander of the Ninth Army to Comrade Zhou Baozhong" stated: The head of the second regiment of the first division sent three workers to confiscate three trucks protected by the running dog team in the east of Daotai Bridge, and obtained more than one hundred pieces of army clothes and other cloth. Yes, and the cloth was completely taken away.He claimed that our military license was invalid.This kind of action is quite contrary to the revolutionary principles. I think Comrade Commander Xie expressed his resentment at the coalition meeting. Because of the overall consideration and my old friends for many years, I have repeatedly retreated.Now his subordinates are so arrogant that the united front will not be affected, and the money Li Tuan received in the sixth district has been investigated and found to be more than 5,000 yuan, and there are many horses to ride. Subordinate lies. Of course, it wasn't just these things that made Li Huatang furious. It should be noted that before Li Huatang went to Bin County to find Zhao Shangzhi, he sent 7 of his subordinates to Xie Wendong, as well as 20 box guns, zizi and 2,000 rounds of ammunition.That was the most difficult period for Xie Wendong and Li Huatang.Among the coalition forces, the 8th Army and the 9th Army should be the strongest when it comes to telling stories and talking about the "national faction". On June 20, "Zhang Shouzhen's Letter to Xie Wendong, Teng Songbai and Others" said: I'm not speaking for Shang Zhi, he has never been as generous to anyone else as he has been to you! Xie Wendong understands that from the perspective of the overall situation, the "Communist faction" will not easily turn against him, but it is not without a bottom line.Zhang Shouzhen's words "I'm not speaking for Shangzhi" also touched him.Ask yourself, there are really not many people who treat him like "silly old Zhao".What's more, public anger is hard to offend. If he offends everyone, he is finished.And at this time he was fighting against the Japanese, and it should be said that he was quite resolute, so he had to restrain himself. However, at the same time, the "left" and "right" "line" divisions in the party were also struggling, and it intensified, until Zhao Shangzhi was permanently expelled from the party in 1940, and soon the word "forever" was removed— —To this day, it cannot be said that there are no different opinions. The Allied Hedgehogs gathered down the river, which itself violated the taboo of guerrilla warfare and contained great danger. The old man Peng Shilu said that in 1937, the July 7th Incident took place and the full-scale war of resistance began, which was also a unique year for the Northeast Anti-Japanese Alliance.This year, the anti-union reached its peak, with more than 30,000 people, and the living conditions have never been better.At that time, I was the political commissar of the 2nd Division and 4th Regiment of the 4th Army, and followed the 1st Division to Boli County. I lived in the courtyards of landlords, some of which were only about 10 kilometers away from the county seat.Usually they live in at night, put up guards on the blockhouses, and engage in political education, cultural studies, and singing during the day.In more than two months, there was only one enemy disturbance and had to be transferred.It is not a base area, and the enemy has many eyes and ears. Our team has nearly 500 people. What a big target, can the enemy not find it?The Japanese invaders said that "Sanjiang Province (more than 10 counties in the Xiajiang area were designated as pseudo-Sanjiang Province - the author) has become a communist paradise", so why didn't they come to "crusade"?At that time, no matter how closed our news was, we could feel that something was wrong, abnormal, or even bizarre. How could such things happen in the past? The old man said that at that time some people felt that the war of resistance was all-out, and the forces of the little devils had concentrated in the pass, and they could not take care of our side.In fact, just because it launched aggression in the pass, it needs to suppress the anti-Japanese allied forces in the northeast. Does it have to stabilize the rear?It should be said that later practice proved that the superficial calm in the Xiajiang area in 1937 was a conspiracy.Enemies like you to pile up best.The way to win the Anti-Japanese War is also the essence of guerrilla warfare. The enemy is open and we are dark. I can hit you, but you can't catch me, so you can't hit me. And all of this is in motion.Now, with about 20,000 coalition troops clearly in Xiajiang, wouldn't it be in the arms of the enemy?And it has never been idle for a moment. One of the most vicious tricks is to engage in "group tribes".Before, because of the enemy's "group tribe", many troops could no longer stay in the old guerrilla areas and base areas, and were squeezed into the Xiajiang area.Now, it is doing the same thing, paralyzing us with an illusion, stepping up the construction of "group tribes" quietly, "fixing the root cause" instead of "fixing the symptoms", and it's time to start when the leaves open and the snow falls. In fact, as soon as the early winter of 1937 entered, the severe winter of the Anti-Japanese War began. On June 24, Zhou Baozhong wrote in his diary: The day came to get information, and the Japanese bandits increased their troops and went to various parts of the river, and their strength was very strong. On August 15, the "Letter from the General Headquarters of the Anti-Union Army and the Headquarters of the Three Armies to the Jidong Provincial Committee and to the Headquarters of the Fifth Army" stated: At present, all the armies are gathering in Yidong. Although it has caused many difficulties for the enemy, we warmly call on the troops in the south of the Yangtze River to recognize the significant action of heroically breaking through the new area.It is an effective way to smash the "crusade" of Japanese bandits. I hope that Comrade Baozhong will stand on the necessary conditions for the cooperation of all armies and step up calls on all armies to support the breakthrough competition separately so as to win the conflict. The opening of a new situation in the annual anti-Japanese guerrilla movement. On August 28, "Letter from Zhao Shangzhi and Zhang Shouzhen to Brother Xiang" stated: Yidong is the area where all the armies gather, and most of the troops gather here, such as the Fifth Army, Eighth Army, and Ninth Army, one part of the Third and Sixth Armies, and the independent division (now reorganized as the Eleventh Army). They split up and attacked, showing a strong state of security for a while, but they shouted every day: "The Japanese bandits plan to drive us to the east of Jilin, gather and annihilate them", but some comrades showed the same vulgarity as some volunteer army leaders With a confused attitude, we think that the armies in Yidong will be crowded by the enemy and scattered in all directions, and only then can we make an assault. This kind of natural assault is extremely dangerous. Guan Shufan believes that the intensive coalition forces went down the river because of the enemy's encirclement policy. Hou Qigang believes that if the coalition forces do not go on an expedition this year, they will definitely suffer serious blows next year. Jin Ce believes that the current situation is very dangerous. First of all, it violates the principle of guerrilla warfare. What is even more frightening is that the coalition forces cannot unite their orders and actions.To this end, the 3rd Army and 6th Army mobilized elites to form a model division. Ma Deshan, the commander of the 1st Division of the 6th Army, was the commander, and Jin Ce was the director of the Political Department. In the new area, to contain and mobilize the enemy, of course we also hope that this action can serve as an example. The 3rd Army's western expedition that lasted more than half a year since the end of autumn and early winter last year was huge in terms of victory and cost. It strategically mobilized the enemy and relieved the pressure on the coalition forces going down the river.Right now, there is a rare concentration of troops in the history of the Anti-Japanese War. Needless to say, the contradictions and conflicts between the various armies, the huge hidden dangers, even if some people can't see or understand, under the constant guidance of insightful people , warning, appeal, should also be clear. In 1937, Northeast China, especially North Manchuria, still had a lot of room for manoeuvre. The August 15th letter from the Allied Headquarters and the Third Army also pointed out some directions and areas.The armies withdraw their main forces down the river in a planned way, which can not only seize the opportunity, avoid being passively beaten, but also prevent the coalition forces from friction. Even the "line" struggle within the party may be avoided later, or the scope may be narrowed to reduce the impact. , should be an easy feat. Expeditions and opening up new areas are to attack areas where the enemy's rule is weak, and the main feature of the so-called "weak rule" is that "group tribes" have not yet been established. The successful practice of the 3rd Army has proved this point.What some people see is the other side. There is no party-mass relationship in the new area, the geography is unfamiliar along the way, and there are enemies blocking it. The difficulties and dangers will be even greater.Some are confused by the appearance in front of them and become obsessed with it. Let them leave their comfort zone, sleep in the open air like the army, and taste the feeling of "the chest is warmed by the fire, and the back is cold by the wind". It is really like an elephant's buttocks— — Difficult to push.As for the 8th Army's unscrupulous collection of taxes and seizure of various materials, one of the purposes is to prepare for the winter in Shanmao after the snow falls. In the letter "I'm not speaking for Shangzhi", talking about the conflict between the 8th Army and the 3rd Army, Zhang Shouzhen said: "The Japanese thieves are really happy to see your troubles. You all help Japan." The Japanese devils enjoyed not only the conflict between the coalition forces, but also seeing the coalition forces standing still in Xiajiang.