Chapter 6 Chapter 5 "Collusion from the Upper Level"

Compared with Yang Jingyu and Zhao Shangzhi, Li Yanlu and Zhou Baozhong took another path of resistance. Li Yanlu, the later commander of the 4th Army of the Anti-Union Army, was born in 1885. He is 1.70 meters tall, with a square face, a beard under the nose that bends to the corner of the mouth, neither fat nor thin, neither white nor black, with a gentle and stable temperament.Usually he behaves in a leisurely manner, but he knows what he knows, is decisive, dignified, and is very popular with his subordinates.When he saw a soldier wearing his hat crookedly, he said, "Brother, can you put your hat on the right way?"I beg you.The soldier blushed, and others hurried to touch the hat on his head.

His ancestral home was in Shandong, and his grandparents fled the famine and went to the Guandong. They first settled in Ning'an County, Jilin Province (now part of Heilongjiang), and then moved to Yanji to settle down.At the age of twelve, he went to a weaving factory as an apprentice. He was expelled for participating in the anti-Yuan Shikai restoration of the imperial system. He joined the Yanji Cavalry Battalion and was promoted to the chief of the battalion.He sympathized with the revolutionary activities of the North Korean exiles, provided them with information, was punished by the army, and was re-elected as the company commander of the salt smuggling department. In July 1931, he joined the Communist Party. In January 1932, Yanji Central County appointed him to work in Wang Delin's National Salvation Army and was appointed Chief of Staff of the National Salvation Army Headquarters.

The battalion commander of the "old third battalion" and the commander-in-chief of the National Salvation Army, the chief of the cavalry battalion, the commander of the anti-smuggling company, and the chief of staff of the National Salvation Army, so the job arrangement should be similar.However, after defecting to Wang Delin, many people from various parties with positions and reputations higher than Li Yanlu's were much lower than the chief of staff.Li Yanlu said in his memoirs that "because of a special opportunity, I gained his grateful respect and trust."From the materials of that year to the relevant works of today, the author has not seen more explanations than this, the most is the two words "personal friendship".In any case, this is absolutely beneficial to the Communist Party and the Northeast War of Resistance.

In the twelfth lunar month of winter, Xiaochengzi, Yanji County, where the headquarters of the National Salvation Army was stationed, was overwhelmed and inflated by officers and soldiers wearing armbands with the words "National Salvation Army" in white on the top and black on the bottom.What made these soldiers wide-eyed was the continuous stream of luxurious covered carriages, horse sledges, and occasionally a car that was rarer than the cars my grandparents had seen. On the icy snow track where people trampled on horses, it was bouncing like a black beetle.The officers of the Northeast Army who wore yellow wool coats with two rows of shiny copper buttons on the chest were at least a major in rank; those in suits and leather shoes, otter caps, and mink coats were the leading figures in Yanji and neighboring counties. , Representatives of the squires.Some came to join the army to fight Japan, some wanted to hear the news, and some were lobbyists.For this less partisan team, which was also rated better in the "1.26" instruction letter a year later, some people wanted to pull it under their command.For example, the three Kuomintang patriotic youths headed by Gai Wenhua are said to have brought Wang Delin the title of "Commander-in-Chief of the 1st Route Army of the Self-Defense Army".The representative sent by Li Du, the commander-in-chief of the Jilin Self-Defense Army, took 10,000 yuan as emergency military pay and wanted to incorporate the National Salvation Army into a regiment.

After the defeat of the Volunteer Army, some people's first feeling was that they would pull the team up the mountain, and of course they wanted to make a name for themselves.This is one of the unique cultural accumulations of the black land.It cannot be said that the national hero Wang Delin, who was born in a reckless manner, still has a "king of the mountain" complex at this time.But at this time, the National Salvation Army is growing like a snowball, and he wants to be unique, how can he be willing to be inferior to others?It's just that Li Du's self-defense army is strong and strong, occupying large areas in Beiman and Jidong, and they can't offend them.Moreover, when the team was first established, it was really short of money.

Keep the money, and use this money to raise another regiment under the banner of the Self-Defense Forces. Isn't this "closed" (OK)? The chief of staff, Li Yanlu, gave Wang Delin a break with just one sentence of advice, and the commander-in-chief immediately said: "Qing Bin (Li Yanlu's word), you will be the head of the regiment." Guerrilla forces such as Tangyuan, Zhuhe, and Panshi fell down and got up, bleeding and dying, and it was extremely difficult to pull up the team.When Li Yanlu arrived at the National Salvation Army, which already had thousands of troops, he was the chief of staff, and now he is also the head of the supplementary regiment under the banner of the Self-Defense Army.The chief of staff is of course great, but a single sentence can play a big role at a critical moment, after all, he still has no military power.Now it's different to be the head of the regiment - the 4th Army of the Anti-Union Alliance was established on the basis of this supplementary regiment.

In the end, what started was the process of so-called "collusion from above". The rise of the National Salvation Army in East Manchuria has already made the Japanese invaders uneasy, let alone the counties such as Dunhua, Emu, and Jiaohe.At this time, the first red armed Yanji guerrilla group led by the Communist Party had just been born, and the rest were still being conceived. On the black earth, the anti-Japanese fury of the Volunteers was surging. (Dongman, Jidong), Tang Juwu (Nanman) and other large groups of volunteers.However, this armed force, mainly led by Communist Party members, is about to show its skills.

At the beginning, there were only three companies with more than 400 people in the supplementary regiment. Li Yanlu transferred Shi Zhongheng and Li Fengshan, the squad leaders of the "Old Third Battalion" started by Wang Delin, and Zuo Zheng and Park Chonggen, party members who came to the National Salvation Army with him. company commander.Soon, the 3 companies were expanded into 3 battalions, with a total of 1,000 people.The Ning'an Central County Committee sent members Meng Jingqing, Jin Dalun, and He Jianping to set up a secret branch in the supplementary regiment, and soon recruited Shi Zhongheng, Li Fengshan, and Li Yanping to join the party.

There is an ancient trade road from Dunhua to Ning'an, and when it enters Nanhutou, Ning'an County, it becomes steep and steep.This is a narrow road embedded in the cliff, with huge rocks on the top and Mudanjiang on the bottom. It is about 2.5 kilometers long and is called "wall gap".At the foot of the mountain on the other side of the river, there is still a road leading to Ning'an, but taking that road will take a long detour. In mid-March, the Ueda detachment of the Japanese army invaded Ning'an from Dunhua in an attempt to join up with the Amano brigade that had occupied Ning'an and wipe out the National Salvation Army in this area.Upon hearing the information, the supplementary regiment actively called for a fight, and Li Yanlu led his team to wait in the crack of the wall.

At dawn on the 19th, more than 600 main force of the Ueda detachment and a battalion of puppet troops were led into the cracks in the wall by the local hunter Chen Wenqi.This is a battle in which the enemy has a slight advantage, except for the comparison of forces.Most of the supplementary regiments were peasants who threw away hoes and took up swords and guns. Many of them held shotguns called "old foreign guns", and some of them still had spears and broadswords.It is the people who carry the rifles called "quick guns", and some of them only have the opportunity to shoot this time, let alone combat experience.However, the officers and soldiers crouched in the middle of the crouching cow stone and the horse head stone above the cracks in the wall, condescending, with absolute terrain advantages, the Japanese army was completely exposed to firepower.Before the war, Wang Delin assigned a batch of grenades in stock to the supplementary regiment. The officers and soldiers let go of the puppet troops walking in front, and the grenades hurled towards the Japanese army like dumplings.The Japanese army was crowded on the road and was beaten passively. Below was the undeveloped and unobstructed ice surface of the big river. They could only find some snowdrifts and ice ridges, set up machine guns and small cannons and shoot upwards.The grenade was a little out of reach, and the officers and soldiers who were hunters in the regiment were supplemented, and now they are going to open up foreign meat.The battle lasted until two o'clock in the afternoon, when the enemy divided up and made a detour to the cracks in the wall on the right wing, Li Yanlu retreated as soon as he saw a good situation, and immediately ordered to withdraw from the battle.

The number of casualties of the devils in the ambush battle between the walls, and the writings and materials that have been seen vary greatly.According to a comprehensive analysis, when there are between 150 and 200 people, there should be about 50 people who have become ghosts. Shi Zhongheng suggested rushing to the front of the devils, and laying an ambush for them.Everyone researched and believed that with the lessons learned from the cracks in the wall, the enemy must take the main road and detour to Songyigou to Tokyo City.Songyigou is an open land between two mountains. The roadside is covered with waist-deep wormwood and hazelwood trees as tall as a person. In spring, the wind is strong and the grass is dry, and the fire attacks there.Li Yanping led a few soldiers who were familiar with the terrain, and hurried there.As a result, all the devils who escaped from Songyigou looked like the Stove Lord. The advantage of the Volunteer Army is that it has a large number of people and is familiar with the geographical environment, but its Achilles heel is disunity. In August, the 2nd Supplementary Regiment, which had just been established and was also headed by Li Yanlu, was disarmed by Ding Chao's road guards in Pingyang Town, and more than 20 officers and soldiers including two deputy regiment leaders were killed.Kong Xianrong, deputy commander-in-chief of the National Salvation Army, killed Ma Xianzhang, commander-in-chief of the left side of the United Army, in the name of revenge for the 2nd Supplementary Regiment.At this time, Li Du received the Nanjing government's secret order to suppress the Communist Party and issued it to all ministries. Kong Xianrong arrested 6 party members whose identities had been exposed in the National Salvation Army.Li Yanlu rushed to the headquarters at Sanchakou, Dongning County, and persuaded Wang Delin to release him.Soon, Li Du, Wang Delin and Kong Xianrong crossed the border to the Soviet Union one after another.Even if this is not the case, the situation is obvious, and it is difficult for Li Yanlu and others to stay in the National Salvation Army. Moreover, the label of "collusion from the upper echelons" has been worn in the party for a long time. The "1.26" instruction letter, while affirming that Ma Zhanshan, Li Du and other ministries were anti-Japanese armed forces, also believed that they "obeyed the command of the Kuomintang and relied on the landlord bourgeoisie and rich peasants" and "absolutely hated all kinds of mass-oriented behaviors of workers and peasants." revolutionary movement".Inner-Party struggles are "first and foremost against the right deviation", "this is the main danger".While keeping such tails, the following conclusion is also logical: "We must keep in mind that the united front at the lower level is the basis of our activities. Any united front at the upper level can only be established if we can firmly consolidate the united front at the lower level and the upper level is at the lower level." It is only possible and useful when under the threat of revolutionary sentiment, and only by dealing with and implementing the united front at the lower level separately can the labor movement and revolutionary movement in Manchuria achieve the effect of implementing the united front strategy of the national revolutionary war.” The old man Peng Shilu, who was the deputy director of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, will be written in detail later. After being appointed by Beiping City to the 4th Army of the Anti-Union Army in January 1936, he served as Li Yanlu's secretary.When the team went to which village to live in, they asked about the situation of the local gangsters, which ones were anti-Japanese, and who was the leader.After the question was clear, Li Yanlu took out a few business cards and asked Peng Shilu to write a few words on them, meaning that he wanted to meet you, and then asked the villagers to send them separately.Beards have eyeliner, how many carbines you have and what their backgrounds are, you will know soon after you reach his territory.If you see that you have few guns, or if you have a festival, you will be eaten.You are too many to provoke, so you hide, or come to see you.I feel like-minded, and I have heard of you for a long time, and I admire you, so I took the initiative to come to see you. Anyone who sees a business card usually comes.Li Yanlu mainly talked about three points.One is to resolutely fight against the Japanese and not surrender; the other is to punish the traitors and lackeys without kidnapping or infringing on the interests of the common people;Some leaders say what they mean but what they say, I listen to you, what good is it?Li Yanlu told them that right now they don't have the ability to pay the big guys and send bullets, and they have to take it from the Japanese and lackeys.If there are conditions in the future, of course I didn’t say anything.If everyone agrees with my opinion, we will work together. If you disagree, no one will force anyone.As long as you live in Japan, you are a good Chinese, and you will be friends and brothers when you meet in the future. When there was no objection, I began to write a letter of appointment, which was written on a piece of white silk and awarded by Li Yanlu to the other party. Since Peng Shilu came, it was his job to write the letter of appointment. How could he, a scholar, have written this?Li Yanlu told him to write "Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces Fourth Army Command" on the first line from the right, and only write "Letter of Appointment" on the second line. Battalion Commander (or Regiment Commander, Company Commander) of the XX Guerrilla Battalion (or Regiment, or Company) of the Fourth Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army, the inscription is "Army Commander Li Yanlu", and the last line is "20 × Year × Month of the Republic of China × day".After writing, a seal should be affixed. A larger rectangular "Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces Fourth Army Headquarters Guanfang" should be stamped with the word "year" on the top, and the word "month" on the bottom, and then Li Yanlu's seal. After these things are done, sometimes when there is an opportunity, Li Yanlu will command several teams to fight a battle.Sometimes when it's over, it's over, just move on. After leaving the National Salvation Army, there were anti-Japanese teams everywhere they went, mainly the mountain and forest teams, basically like this. In the eyes of some people, from the National Salvation Army to the Mountain Forest Team, Li Yanlu should focus on the united front at the lower level, and use the solid united front at the lower level to threaten the upper level and make them submit.To put it bluntly, it is to encourage soldiers and "cubs" (minions) to rebel against "reactionary leaders" and then seize leadership.As for the leader of various armed forces, his team and those guns are his private property.Just like a company, when you go in, you want to get rid of the boss and become your own boss, is that okay?No matter what kind of team, they are very alert to this kind of thing, and hate it the most.Most of the superiors and subordinates are sworn brothers. If you mess around all day long, will people not notice?That's another good thing?In practice, how many of them are not given in vain?Of course, Li Yanlu's approach is not without its drawbacks.Like issuing commissions everywhere, some teams may kidnap people under the banner of the 4th Army, ruining and harming the people.Comparable to making enemies everywhere, does this kind of making friends have more advantages than disadvantages? In the eyes of some people, if Li Yanlu did not engage in "collusion from the upper echelon", would the entire National Salvation Army have become a Communist Party team? Therefore, there was an evaluation in the "Report of the Suining Delegation of the Communist Party of China on the Organizational Status and Rural Work Methods to the Provincial Party Committee" on July 31, 1933: "Li's team in Ning'an verbally listened to the leadership of the Communist Party, In reality, however, it is no more than a 'good beard'." Wu Yicheng, with more than 200 (?) members, is the strongest unit among the anti-Japanese guerrillas. He fought the longest and most intense anti-Japanese war on the Eastern Front and East Manchuria. He once occupied Antu in East Manchuria for a long time and occupied Dongning. Now there is a guerrilla in the Suining area, the party has a comrade with rich military experience who used to be a staff officer in Wu, all of Wu's military plans are mostly based on the opinion of this comrade (Zhou Mazi, the former secretary of the Provincial Military Committee), and he has won countless victories. He has good faith among the soldiers and among the masses on the Eastern Front (everyone knows that he is a Communist). In the past, Eastern Manchuria sent many comrades and anti-Japanese members to the Ministry of Wu. The above is a natural paragraph in "He Chengxiang's Report on Recent Work in Manchuria" dated November 24, 1933. Zhou Baozhong is nearly 1.80 meters tall, with a long face and several pockmarks.He usually doesn't talk much, doesn't joke around, is dignified, and criticizes people harshly.It is difficult to shake what he says is OK or not. The old man Hu Zhenyi, who was the deputy director of the Chongqing Municipal People's Congress before retiring, said that when there was a party at that time, everyone asked Commander Zhou to sing a song, and he sang "The Internationale".Never heard him sing another song.He had a loud voice, sang passionately and generously, and made everyone's blood boil.After singing, let’s talk about how this song was born. It is a battle song for the proletariat all over the world to liberate themselves and all mankind.After the lecture, teach everyone to sing.Many people in our 5th Army heard the "Internationale" for the first time. He sang it and he taught it. Zhou Baozhong, whose real name was Xi Liyuan, was born in a farmer of the Bai nationality in Dali, Yunnan in 1902. He dropped out of school at the age of fifteen and joined the army. After joining the Communist Party in 1927, he was sent to the Soviet Union to study military affairs and changed his name to Zhou Baozhong. After the "September 18th" Incident, he returned to China and was sent to the Northeast to serve as the Secretary of the Military Committee of the Manchuria Provincial Committee. He was sent to Jidong by Luo Dengxian to do military work. War career. In May of this year, at a mass rally in Huamiangou, Ning'an County, Zhou Baozhong was arrested by the local self-defense forces stationed by Li Du.The problem lies in the thick southern accent. Some soldiers couldn't understand him, so they thought he was a Korean (ethnic) person.In some people's minds, Korean (ethnic) people are lackeys, spies, or the Communist Party that should be killed as well. Zhou Baozhong said that he was from the south, and he was a member of the "Ma Zhanshan Aid Mission" sent by the Shanghai Anti-Japanese Association. Unexpectedly, Ma Zhanshan surrendered to the Japanese, so he came to Jidong to see who was really anti-Japanese. . At that time, the people in the Northeast called the people in the south "Manzi" and "Southern Manzi".A battalion commander surnamed Bai saw this southern barbarian's eloquence. Although he felt suspicious, he couldn't deal with it easily, so he sent someone to escort him to the left headquarters of the Tielinghe self-defense army in Mudanjiang. Headquarters is in a meeting, just wait.Zhou Baozhong quit and yelled "There is something important", which alarmed the people inside and was passed in.The commander-in-chief of the Left Route Army, Ma Xianzhang, after reading the escort's report, looked at the tall young man in his thirties with his hands tied behind his back, and said, "Since you were sent by the Shanghai Anti-Japanese Society, you are here to fight against Japan and save the country." , what opinion do you have? Zhou Baozhong talked about three strategies for saving the country and five good strategies for running the army. There are three strategies for saving the country: first, when the enemy is at hand, the anti-Japanese troops should strengthen their unity, command in a unified way, and fight together. The third is to rectify military discipline and strictly order all ministries not to harass the people, so that the people will support our army and be happy to serve. Five good strategies for managing the army: first, it is not advisable to confront the enemy for a long time, you should take the initiative to attack the enemy's rear, cut off its traffic and food roads, and form a pincer attack with our army in the front; second, consolidate the interior and prevent the enemy's alienation; The city and the countryside will extensively set up a National Salvation Council, and mobilize the people to contribute money and efforts, so that our army has a steady stream of food and salaries. Taking it from the people, it is even more necessary to seize the enemy's military supplies. When the author was a child, I heard stories about Nanmanzi told by elders, most of the protagonists were Feng Shui masters.Naming a certain person in a certain fortress by name, how he was so poor all his life, how a southern barbarian "Mr. Yes, it's amazing.At the end, I almost have to sigh: This southern barbarian is amazing! At this moment, it has been more than half a year since the "September 18th" incident, and Zhou Baozhong has been in Jidong for more than two months. He shoulders the responsibility of saving the country.It was passionate, unrestrained, and life and death were disregarded.Ma Xianzhang and the others were still a little dumbfounded no matter what stories they had in their minds about the Southern barbarians. They hurriedly ordered him to be untied, invited him to sit down, and recognized him as "a high-ranking guest from the South." This "high guest from the south" was not a Japanese detective, but he was suspected of the Communist Party and was assigned to the Propaganda Department of the Left Army Command.Soon, the Propaganda Department was abolished, and they were laid off and unemployed.The Jidong party organization instructed Li Yanlu and Meng Jingqing to introduce Zhou Baozhong to the National Salvation Army, first served as the general counselor at the headquarters, and then served as the chief of staff at the front headquarters. Zhou Baozhong's ability to be reused and show his talents has something to do with the small environment of the National Salvation Army.As mentioned earlier, Wang Delin once said: I don't care about the Communist Party or the Kuomintang, as long as they beat the Japanese, they are good. What made "Zhou Mazi" a southern barbarian famous was the attack on Tokyo City and Ning'an City. Tokyo City is called Bohai Town today, and it belongs to Ning'an County (now Ning'an City). It was the capital of Bohai Kingdom in Tang Dynasty and flourished for a while.Ning'an, known as Ning Guta in ancient times, was one of the birthplaces of the Qing Dynasty and an important place of exile. In the early Qing Dynasty, it was an important town governing the north of Shengjing (Shenyang).Here, the mountains are high, the forests are dense, the terrain is dangerous, and the products are rich. After the Japanese invaders occupied Jidong, they also took it as one of the central strongholds.On Zhou Baozhong's strategic chessboard, the Suining area, including Ning'an, Dongning, and Suifenhe, is connected to Dongdong Road in the north, Dongman in the south, Jilin and Changchun in the west, and close to the Soviet Union in the east. can be kept.If it doesn't work, we can retreat to the Soviet Union.Later, Wang Delin crossed the Hubutu River at Sanchakou in Dongning County and retreated into the territory of the Soviet Union. Wang Delin appreciates Zhou Baozhong's strategic vision in managing the Suining area.He also agrees with taking down Tokyo City, an important town in the south of Ning'an first, and then concentrating the main force to capture Ning'an County.As for Zhou Baozhong's proposal to personally lead a team to take Tokyo City, he was somewhat puzzled.In his eyes, the Chief Counselor is a rare military adviser, but leading troops to fight is another matter.Maybe it was infected by Zhou Baozhong's firm gaze, or maybe he was embarrassed to refute the military adviser's face, so he nodded in agreement. It was a day in mid-June, and the enemies of Tokyo City went into the mountains to "crusade". The deputy division commander of the Northern Expedition Army led the National Salvation Army with less than 500 people and rushed to hide in the bushes outside the city.A local soldier disguised himself as a commoner and went to the gate of the city to call.In broad daylight, the puppet army defending the city didn't take it seriously, and they were forced to stop by a pistol as soon as the city gate opened.Zhou Baozhong saw it clearly, and with a wave of his hand, the team rushed forward, pouring into the city like a tide.According to the prior deployment, he led the main force to the Japanese headquarters and ended the battle in an hour. The enemy who entered the mountain to "crusade" heard the news and hurried back to Tokyo City.Zhou Baozhong chose the terrain early and waited for it. An ambush battle beat the crap out of the wheezing devil again. Ning'an City didn't play well. At the end of July, Wu Yicheng and Zhou Baozhong commanded the main force of the National Salvation Army and moved towards Ning'an City by night.The enemy's intelligence was very fast, and the Japanese troops on Dongdong Road and Mudanjiang rushed to help.Zhou Baozhong suggested to Wu Yicheng that he lead a team to fight for aid.The Japanese army's aid all the way from Hailin Station was blocked, and Ning'an City was not captured.In the afternoon of the battle, Mudanjiang's reinforcements were approaching, and the National Salvation Army had to withdraw from the battle. In mid-October, Wang Delin appointed Zhou Baozhong as the commander-in-chief in the second attack on Ning'an City.Zhou Baozhong organized it meticulously, and with the underground party as internal support, he got in this time.Unexpectedly, some teams reorganized from the forest team would stop chasing shops when they saw them, and just went in to rob property.The retreating Japanese and puppet troops took the opportunity to counterattack, Zhou Baozhong immediately organized troops to withstand the gap, and at the same time ordered the confiscated enemy and puppet materials to be transferred outside the city.Guessing that reinforcements were coming soon, he led the covering troops to withdraw from the city. Zhou Baozhong was shot in the left leg, and the bullet was lodged between the two leg bones. The doctor was a "two hundred and five", sweating profusely from anxiety, and he couldn't remove his bloody hands.Zhou Baozhong handed him a bayonet, but the people around him didn't dare to look at it, they could only hear the sharp sound of the knife point bumping against the bone and bullet, gouging and gouging. Afterwards, it spread, saying that he could catch up with Guan Gong to scrape the bones and cure the poison. This Southern barbarian is really amazing! Hit for the third time.The National Salvation Army has two cannons, and good steel is used on the blade.Zhou Baozhong summed up the experience and lessons of the previous two times, and organized a lean force, all cavalry, to attack late at night, and the underground party was still supporting in the city.Two cannons opened fire suddenly, crashing down the city wall, the cavalry rode in, and the large troops followed up. Under the leadership of the underground party, they attacked their respective targets separately, and the battle ended in three hours. Zhou Baozhong's prestige in the National Salvation Army is no longer inferior to anyone except Wang Delin. After the National Salvation Army and (Yu) Wang Delin fled, Wu Yicheng (alias Wu Fool) acted as the commander-in-chief, and Kong Xianrong was the chief of staff. Wu had a very Zhang Zuolin-like character, and was naturally reactionary and completely dominated by the KMT. No, in fact, our activities are still allowed (he once said to our comrades: "Damn it, you are all communist, but I don't believe in that one").The revolutionary sentiment among his soldiers is sharper, and under the active activities of the Kuomintang, he is extremely wavering, and can soon completely and openly oppose us, and has once pressed us against us in some cases, but now we have not completely lost the freedom of action in it. . This is a passage from the "Report on the Current Situation of the Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Movement and the Work of the Tuan Manchuria Provincial Committee" dated January 7, 1934 - to carry out work in such a team, and to gain such achievements and prestige, there is no It is unimaginable to have some real skills, and it is self-evident that it is difficult and complicated. And how did the Manchuria Provincial Party Committee evaluate it? The comrades in the Zhou Bao Squadron have never done low-level work, never approached the soldiers, or scolded the soldiers. Eighty percent of them were hooligans and bandits. (Running here and there to contact the team for upper-level collusion), there is no mass organization in the team, Comrade Zhou and the branch in the team are completely Wu Yicheng's tail. Zhou XX (Zhou Baozhong—the author) is there all day long to focus on collusion with the upper class. The above texts are respectively excerpted from the "Report of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Current Politics, Party Work and Organizational Status of the Jidong Bureau" and "The Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Military and Party Organization" dated May 9 and September 12, 1934, respectively. Work Instruction Letter to Ning'an County Committee".There are some other such texts, so I won't list them one by one. Look again at the criticism of Yang Jingyu in the May 15 "Letter to the Political Commissar, Political Department and All Party Members of the People's Revolutionary Army of the People's Revolutionary Army in South Manchuria Concerning the Mistakes and Current Combat Tasks of the People's Revolutionary Army in South Manchuria" by the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China: Neglecting and abandoning the class struggle within the United Front, abandoning the united front at the lower levels in the Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army, and not capturing the masses of soldiers at the lower levels (establishing open anti-Japanese associations, soldiers’ representatives, soldiers’ committees, secret party branches, etc. among the soldiers at the lower levels), And made the mistake of colluding with the upper echelon. Of course Zhao Shangzhi was not immune.Earlier on March 9, "The Third Report of the Inspector of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China to the Provincial Committee of the Party and Youth League" stated: Misinterpreting the united front as collusion at the upper levels, and not carrying out activities at the lower level at all. Although the "left" mistake of undermining the united front is admitted on the surface, it is an attempt to cover up the mistakes of the past undermining the united front by completely right-leaning and partly "left" deviations (Zhao ). In all the places and teams that have done a good job in the united front, there is hardly any place that has not been accused of "collusion by the upper echelons".And Li Yanlu and Zhou Baozhong, because they wandered in the upper echelons of the National Salvation Army from the very beginning, they became representatives of "collusion from the upper echelons". The "Northern Conference" was like a magic spell, making it impossible for the Communists to stretch their hands and feet in the ice and snow. The "1.26" instruction letter made people feel the warmth of spring, and the hat of "collusion from the upper echelons" was firmly on their heads again. During the "Cultural Revolution", Li Fanwu, the governor of Heilongjiang Province who was the first to be overthrown and also the largest "capitalist roader", was born in 1912 in Roezigou, Bamiantong, Jilin Province (now part of Heilongjiang Province), in 1932 In November 1999, he joined the party while studying at the Department of Diplomacy and Consular Affairs of the Russian School of Law and Political Science, National Peking University.At the end of the year, Beiping City appointed him and his classmate Sun Shaotang, who lives in Ning'an, to go back to the Northeast to take part in the war of resistance through local connections.Books, clothes, etc. that could not be taken away, those that could be sold were sold, and those that could not be pawned, and the two of them came back after collecting some travel expenses. When I arrived in Muling, I didn't go home, so I went to the party first.From the county seat, I found Xiachengzi, then found Xingyuan Town, and found two party members in Liu Wankui's self-defense army known as "Liu Kuaileg".Zhou Yansheng said that the Japanese were coming, and there was going to be a war here. A battalion commander of the Volunteer Army in Hulin County was Sun Shaotang's cousin.One night, gunshots rang out, and people ran away in all directions, and the two followed suit.Heideng is blind, where did he go?At dawn, yo, isn't this the border of the Soviet Union?I was taken aback, but turned to be overjoyed, this is the "class motherland"!As soon as the two discussed it, they decided to study and train in the Soviet Union, ask for a few more guns, and return to the "motherland of the nation" to fight the Japanese.Two college students from the Russian Law and Political Science Institute talked to a Soviet sentinel with a "comrade".In the first few days of the interrogation, we asked questions and answered them, and when there were no questions, we just tried to be honest with others: We are members of the Communist Party of China, and the Communist Party of the world is one family.You have to train us to learn military affairs, so we can go back to fight Japan! After being locked up for two months, he was released, and this time he went home.You can't be a subjugated slave when you go home?Still looking for a party.Found it, let Li Fanwu carry out secret work as a teacher in Muling County No. 2 School.The person didn't say how to carry it out, as if he didn't quite understand it, and it seemed that Li Fanwu knew everything, so he didn't need to say anything. When I was studying in Peiping, there was an anti-imperialist alliance organization.He followed cats and dogs, secretly developing members of the anti-imperialist alliance, and absorbed anyone who had anti-Japanese thoughts in normal times.In less than three months, more than a dozen members were recruited in the school, Roezigou, Baishilazi, Xingyuan Town, Bamiantong Railway Station, and the pseudo-police station.Soon, several prominent members were developed into party members, and a party joining ceremony was held in a radish cellar. In June 1933, the Jidong Bureau decided to establish the Muling County Party Committee, and Li Fanwu was the secretary of the County Party Committee. In August, he was transferred to the anti-Japanese chairman of Ning'an County, and soon served as the secretary of the county party committee. Today's county party committee, a building, dozens of computers, telephones, people commute to and from get off work on time.At that time, here today, there tomorrow, "Li County Party Committee", "Big Li", whatever he called him.Some called him "county party committee", saying that the county party committee is here, so go into the house quickly and sit on the kang.When you go out, you have to have eyes on the back of your head, and be careful that there are "dogs" staring at you.Sometimes there are situations, and I run up the mountain in the middle of the night.Once in Xiaomudantun, a group of puppet troops suddenly came. It was a Korean village surrounded by endless rice fields, and it was impossible to run away.Party member Jiang Xinai asked him to lie on the kang and pretend to be sick, and told him that Korean (ethnic) people feel uncomfortable when they are sick. They don't "ouch" or "ouch" like Han people, but "oh throat".Unexpectedly, the puppet army was going to cook here. Dozens of people had to cook for more than two hours. The kang was so hot that it could be pancakes. With regard to the "Northern Conference", Li Fanwu was only caught up in the tail, so he was not impressed.It was the so-called "collusion from the upper echelon" that made him miserable and didn't know what to do. On February 22, 1934, the Central Committee believed that after a year of anti-Japanese struggle in Northeast China, it was necessary to "elevate the anti-Japanese guerrilla movement to the stage of agrarian revolution."The Manchuria Provincial Party Committee instructed party organizations at all levels to carry out anti-rightist struggles, especially anti-"collusion from the top" and carry out the agrarian revolution.In some areas, big households once again robbed grains and divided grains to eat them. The rich and big households panicked, and some simply sought protection from the Japanese and puppets.Some leaders of the forest team were also full of doubts, and the relationship with the guerrillas became tense, and the united front that had finally begun was facing crisis again. The Puppet Manchukuo officially promulgated the Baojia Law in December 1933.In places like Ning'an, where "banditry" is serious, it has been implemented for more than half a year.The so-called baojia refers to how many baojias are divided into a county (generally about 20), the baojia is divided into baojia (each guarantor does not exceed 10 jia), the baojia is divided into licenses (about 50 households in each license), and the chief of the security and the chief of the armor are set up. .In addition, Bao also established a self-defense regiment of dozens of people, which was distributed to the armed forces by the county.This naturally poses a great threat to anti-Japanese activities.After Li Fanwu arrived in Ning'an, he focused his energy on dealing with the Baojia, turning the Baojia leader into a "white on the outside and red on the inside" type of character.For example, among the 22 Jiachang in Tokyo City, 19 were won over, and some even joined the party. In early April, a representative of the Provincial Party Committee came to Ning'an County, about the same age as Li Fanwu, with a Shanxi accent, known as "Xiao Zhao".After listening to Li Fanwu's report, he believed that the Ning'an County Party Committee had overestimated the anti-Japanese enthusiasm of the propertied classes and implemented a shameful right opportunist line. There were too few party members in the guerrillas, and there were too many landlords and rich peasants among the local party members. Xiao Zhao said: You are misinterpreting the united front as "collusion at the top." Li Fanwu accepted this criticism in theory, because the leadership of the proletariat should not be abstract.But when it comes to reality, I feel that these characters who I "collude" are just hard for ordinary people to replace.Especially when Xiao Zhao proposed to expel Deng Jisheng, brother of Deng Jixiang, the puppet leader of Paoziyan, from the party, the differences became more serious. Deng Jisheng and Li Fanwu were classmates in Harbin No. 1 Middle School. They were expelled from school for participating in anti-Japanese activities in 1929. Later, they were admitted to the Department of Economics of Peking National University as an undergraduate. Home.Such a person could have found a decent job. He said that I am Chinese and cannot work for the Japanese.When Li Fanwu was studying in Peiping, the two of them often came and went, knowing the roots and the bottom.After arriving in Ning'an, Deng Jisheng came to look for him, and the county party committee was once set up in Deng's house.Deng Jisheng often bought food and medicine for the guerrillas in the mountains, and drove the carriages and sledges to deliver them.He has relatives and classmates in the puppet county government and the police station, and he has come up with a lot of information.Deng's family is a large grain household in Paoziyan, and they even run an oil farm. It's true that his younger brother is a pseudo-armor leader, but his heart is toward us?Otherwise, let alone Li Fanwu, even Deng Jisheng was captured by the Japanese long ago?Expulsion of such a person from the party would be a huge loss and unreasonable. What kind of impact would it have on the party members and the masses? No matter how Li Fanwu explained and argued, Xiao Zhao was unmoved, and instead believed that this was a typical case of collusion between the upper echelons of the county party committee and it was a matter of class position. Li Fanwu felt a chill running down his spine. Li Fanwu's grandfather and father were originally in Xiaobeiwan, Liaoyang County, Fengtian Province, and they crossed the Guandong to get there in some lifetime.Xiaobeiwan is full of Baisha hillocks, the land is thin, and it is difficult to make ends meet.Finally one day, as soon as my grandfather gritted his teeth, the whole family went to the ancestral grave to worship the ancestors for the last time. They and the father each had their own burdens, picked up all the belongings and left.All the way north, when I came to Luezigou in the north of Bamiantong in Muling County, after my grandfather walked around the ditch for half a day, there was the first family in Luzigou. The land in Roezigou is so fertile, there is water in front and mountains in the back, as long as you are willing to work hard, you can keep your harvest in drought and flood.也巧了，第二年赶上官府“放荒”（卖地），祖父用嫁姑姑剩下的一点儿钱，买了几十垧生荒地。那时土地不值钱。那时的北大荒，到哪儿都能刨两垧地。只是这种刨法，心里总是胆突突的，说不定什么时候会被官府收去。这回好了，有盖着官府大印的地照了，只管甩开膀子豁出命去干吧。男女老少，只要能拿动镢头的，都去刨地。两头不见太阳。黑油油的土地，金灿灿的谷穗，汗水洒在自己的土地上，天底下还有比这更香甜的庄稼人的梦吗？ 几年垦荒，粮越来越多，祖祖辈辈为吃饭愁苦的庄稼人，日子这回倒过来了。可狍子沟除了飞禽走兽，周围百八十里没有人烟，那个叫“八面通”的镇子，这时也只有七户人家。卖不了，吃不动，就给老家的亲戚朋友写信，说这旮旯的粮食海了，吃不饱饭的就来吧。祖父将自己的荒地租给他们，头三年不收租，三年后每垧地收一担大豆。人越来越多，泡子沟就形成个村落，李范五家就成了远近闻名的大粮户——不然，他再聪明，也不可能去北平念大学。 如果说张作霖由胡子而“东北王”的发迹史，让黑土地上的胡子有了盼头，渴望着有朝一日出人头地，那么正是像李范五的爷爷这样的成功者，鼓动着山东、河北一代代闯关东的移民潮——其中包括我的祖辈。 现在，二十二岁的县委书记，却不能不为与自己同样家庭出身的同志的命运，更为宁安的抗战前景，感到忐忑不安，捏着把汗。 小赵临走前交代，要把类似邓吉生这样的党员统统开除党籍。小赵是代表省委巡视工作，他的话就是指示，必须执行。但在没有正式见到省委文件之前，李范五还想等等、看看，因为他知道这样做的后果是什么。结果小赵走后不久，交通员送来省委《关于吉东党在反日战争新形势下的错误及今后的任务》，反复阅读，一点儿辙没有，执行吧。 立竿见影。 看到邓吉生等人的下场，一些人就不干工作了，一些“外白内红”的甲长也躲着他了。一向活跃的县反日会，连个会议也召集不起来了，许多人回家种地了，接替李范五任会长的孟仁甫去当私塾先生了。李范五找他谈话，他说不是俺不愿干，是没法干、不能干了。俺抛家舍业，拎着脑袋反日，反出一身不是，还把你也连累了，你说还能干吗？ 曲大爷是鸭蛋河一带甚至是鹤立岗最有名的。他儿子在苏联读书，同时苏联方面是非常相信他，所以每逢政治、经济有变化，苏联不让普通人过去做买卖时，苏联允许他过去做买卖。但是他将物品运过来时，他卖二、三倍的价钱来剥削群众，一般农民是并不乐意他。但是他对人很好，任何人在上卡（过境——笔者）走过去，就可以到他家里去吃，他家每天都有二十多个客，甚至胡匪、小偷也可以去吃、住，所以兵士或土匪、小偷在路见着曲大爷的东西是不劫的。同时他和官僚军阀也有很深的联络，所以我们称之为“变相的买办”。像曲大爷这类什么朋友都有的人，在山沟里和山沟口是非常多，这都是有山里风味的。 1933年5月，《关于中共汤原中心县委半年来工作报告》中，讲的这位“有山里风味”的曲大爷，广交朋友，什么人都交，朋友多，路子宽，活得滋润。东北各地都不鲜见这种“路路通”的人物，这是一种生存智慧。李延禄广交朋友是为了反日救国，多个朋友多把力，反日不怕人多。这是最简单的真理、最普通的常识了，却违背了中央精神。 “北方会议”是把除了穷人之外的有产阶级，与日本帝国主义半斤八两的都当做了敌人。“1·26”指示信强调下层统一战线，反对上层勾结，与“北方会议”一脉相承的都是这条阶级路线。江桥抗战的功劳，只能记在士兵的头上，因为士兵是穷苦人，马占山是军阀、有钱人，不可能真心实意抗战，阶级本性决定的。而在产生本书的这个历史阶段，一成不变、始终如一的则是“拥护苏联”、“保卫苏联”，因为苏联是“工人祖国”、“阶级祖国”，仍是一条阶级路线。“亲不亲，阶级分”是后来的话，其实东北抗战十四年间，某种程度是有过之而无不及。 而且，这个阶级阵营中还包括了日本的工农。“应该提出日本工人和中国工人利益相同的口号”，“现在日本作战军士兵极大多数由日本工农青年分子被强迫进来替日本法西斯蒂的当炮灰，所以他们对于统治者的愤恨和反战情绪以及要求回国等日益成熟着。我们应当根据这个矛盾和弱点，并且我们善于利用这个矛盾和弱点，使之变为我们的后备军。” 如此说来，“九一八”事变是不是就是虚构的了？关东军士兵早就应该打回日本，去推翻地主资产阶级和代表这些人利益的军阀、天皇了？