Chapter 26 Section 9 Other Works and Research on Place Names

The official historical geography and state annals of the Three Kingdoms, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, such as "Book of Jin·Geography", "Book of Song·State Chronicle", "Book of Southern Qi·State Chronicle", "Book of Wei·Topographic Chronicle", etc. A large number of place names are recorded, and it also involves the explanation of the origin of place names and the description of the history of place names.After the Han Dynasty, the trend of explaining the origin of place names suddenly opened.For example, Cao Wei Ruchun, Meng Kang, Zhang Yan and Wu Weizhao of the Three Kingdoms all explained some place names in "Hanshu Geography".For example, Meng Kang explained the new interest of Runan County, "the former rested in the country, and then moved to the east, so the new cloud was added."Explain Wu Fang, "This house was originally a country, and King Ling of Chu moved his house to Chu. Wu Wang Helu's brother-in-law Gai went to Chu, and Chu was named here as the Tangxi [xixi] family. He named Wu, so it was called Wu Fang, Today Wufang City Tangxi Pavilion is ".Thus pointing out the situation that the evolution of place names has changed due to personnel migration.Zhang Yan explained that Hanhui in Weijun said, "The difference between Zhangshui and Hanshan is from the southwest of the city. There are still ditches beside the city today."

In addition, there are also more and more Yudi works explaining the origin and evolution of place names, such as "Taikang Diji" in the Jin Dynasty and Wang Yin's "Jin Didao Ji", Yuan Shansong's "Hanjun Guozhi", Le Zi's "Kyushu To remember", Zhang Bo's "Wu Lu Geography".Although most of these works have been lost, the interpretation of place names in these works can also be seen from the citations of later works.For example, "Yiwenleiju" quoted "Jin Tunnel Records" and said: "Liangzhou City has a Wolong shape, so it is named Wolong City." "Classic Explanation" quotes "Taikang Diji": "Xuzhou is named after Xuqiu" and so on.Among the Yudi works at that time, only Huayang Guozhi by Changqu [ququ] was completely preserved, which explained the origin of place names in more than 20 places.

At the beginning of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, geographer Guo Pu studied the origin of place names, and believed that the spatial differences and temporal changes in place name naming made the study of place names extremely difficult: All mountains and rivers may have the same name but different names, or the same name but different names, or one name but several names, plausible, plausible, and it has a long history, ancient and modern variations, the language has Chu Xia, the name is different, and it is not clear. Because he is very diligent, he has a lot of insights.His research results are mainly preserved in Erya·Shishan and Erya·Shishui which he annotated.Such as:

Horse cheek, the river is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, shaped like a horse cheek; Covered pot [fu kettle], the water is inhabitable and looks like a covered pot; 峄, words (mountains) are connected one after another. Other geographical works during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, such as "Thirteen States" by Kanyin Kanyin in the Northern Wei Dynasty, "Jingzhou Records" by Liu Song Shenghongzhi, "Song Yongchu Mountains and Rivers" by Liu Chengzhi during the Song and Qi Dynasties, and "Song Yongchu Mountains and Rivers" by Chen Guyewang "Yu Di Zhi" and so on also contain explanations on the origin of place names.

Regarding the description of place names outside the territory, the "Buddhist Kingdom Records" (also known as "Fa Xian Zhuan") written by the eminent monk Fa Xian in the Eastern Jin Dynasty has more content.He entered India by land via today's Pakistan and other places, visited Buddhist sites, and wrote down many important place names. After that, he traveled by sea from today's Bay of Bengal, detoured to Shizi Country (now Sri Lanka), and then returned to his motherland.