Chapter 10 Chapter Ten Mausoleums of Emperors of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms was a period of division in the history of our country.The dynasties in the Central Plains were constantly changing, including the Liang, Tang, Jin, Han, and Wu dynasties.In other areas, there are ten independent kingdoms mainly in the south: Wu and Nantang in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Wuyue in Zhejiang, Fujian in Fujian, Qianshu and Houshu in Sichuan, Chu and Nanping in the Lianghu region, and Guangdong and Guangxi. The Southern Han Dynasty and the Northern Han Dynasty in Shanxi.Because these regimes were short and turbulent, most of the emperor's tombs were not recorded in detail.The Mausoleum of the Later Zhou Dynasty is located in the north of Xinzheng County, Henan Province, and is well preserved.The tomb of Jin Gaozu Shi Jingtang (892-942 AD; reigned 936-942) is located in Shiling Village, 12.5 kilometers north of Yiyang County, Henan Province.Liu Zhiyuan (895-948 A.D.; reigned 947-948), Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, is located in Baicun, 25 kilometers northwest of Yuxian County, Henan Province. Only mounds and a few stone carvings are preserved on the ground.Others found and excavated through archaeological investigation include the tomb of Li Min (bianbian) in the Southern Tang Dynasty, Li Jing, the tomb of the former Shu king Jian, the tomb of Qian Yuanguan of Wu Yue and the tomb of Wu Hanyue, the tomb of Meng Zhixiang in the later Shu, and the tomb of Liu Sheng in the Southern Han Dynasty.

Guo Wei (904-954 A.D.) was born in Yaoshan, Xingzhou (now Longyao, Hebei Province). In 951 A.D., the Han Dynasty was established, and the capital of the Zhou Dynasty was Kaifeng.Calendar III, a total of 10 years.In the later Zhou Dynasty, the official land was returned to the people for cultivation, the peasants' corvee was reduced, and the production was developed.During Sejong's reign, he successively occupied Qin, Feng, Jie, Cheng four prefectures in Later Shu and the 14 Jianghuai prefectures in Southern Tang Dynasty, and then attacked Khitan in the north to recover Mo and Ying prefectures, which laid the foundation for the unification of Northern Song Dynasty.

The tombs of the Later Zhou Dynasty are near Guodian, 18 kilometers north of Xinzheng City, Henan Province.The one in the south of Zhouzhuang Village is the Songling Mausoleum of Taizu Guowei, and the three tombs in the west, south and northeast of Lingshang Village are the Qingling Mausoleum of Sejong Chai Rong (AD 921-959; reigned 954-959) and the Yi Mausoleum of Empress Fushi of Sejong Shunling of Emperor Gongdi Chai Zongxun (AD 953-973; reigned 959-960). According to the "Old History of the Five Dynasties Zhou Shu Taizu Ji", Guo Wei said to Chai Rong before his death: "If I don't suffer from this disease, you will cure the mountain mausoleum quickly, and you will not stay in the hall for a long time. Craftsmen must be hired together, regardless of the distance, and they must not be assigned to the people. The mausoleum does not need to use stone pillars and labor-intensive work, only bricks are used instead. Coffins with tiles and paper clothes... Do not repair the palace, do not guard the mausoleum, and neither Use stone people, stone beasts... tens of thousands, don't forget my words." From this we can know the situation when the Chongling Mausoleum was built.

The tombs of Chongling and Qingling are larger, with a circumference of 103 meters and a height of 19 meters.The tombs of Yiling and Shunling are relatively small, with a circumference of about 30 meters and a height of three to four meters.Qingling Mausoleum is square, about 200 meters long on each side, with a gate in the south.There is an altar in front of the mausoleum.The Shun Mausoleum is built of bricks, with a circular plane and a domed roof, with a diameter of 6.2 meters and a height of about seven meters.Painted murals on the wall of the tomb and the corridor.On the top of the tomb is a picture of astrology, on the east side of the corridor there is a picture of "literary officials welcoming attendants", and on the west side of the tomb chamber there is a "picture of military officials holding an axe".

Zhou in the Song Dynasty adopted the form of "abdication", so the tombs of the Later Zhou Dynasty were clearly protected.Song History Records: In the fourth year of Emperor Qiande (966 A.D.), "three households were ordered to guard the mausoleum, and each year old enjoyed it".During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, it gradually fell into disuse.In the early Ming Dynasty, large-scale repairs were carried out on Qingling Mausoleum.So far, there are towering ancient cypresses in the garden, and more than 40 inscriptions of past dynasties are left in front of the mausoleum. In 937 A.D., Li Min destroyed Wu and established the Southern Tang Dynasty with the capital of Jiangning (now Nanjing), occupying present-day Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei and parts of the two lakes.The Southern Tang Dynasty inherited Wu's policy of resting with the people, and the economy developed rapidly.The rulers regarded themselves as descendants of the Tang Dynasty, and tried their best to imitate the Tang Dynasty in terms of laws and regulations.Li Min (888-943 AD; reigned 937-943 AD) was buried in Qinling (also known as Yongling).The central lord Li Jing (916-961 AD; reigned 943-961 AD) became increasingly politically corrupt after succeeding to the throne, and in 958 AD he was forced to surrender to the Later Zhou Dynasty.Li Jing died in Hongzhou (now Nanchang, Jiangxi) in 961 A.D., and was buried next to Qinling Mausoleum, named Shunling Mausoleum.The later master Li Yu (AD 937-978; AD 961-975) was destroyed by the Song Dynasty during the Southern Tang Dynasty.

The location of the Second Tomb of the Southern Tang Dynasty is not well documented. It was discovered and excavated after archaeological investigation in 1950. The Erling Mausoleum is located at the southern foot of Niu Shou Mountain in Jiangning County, Nanjing City, with the twin peaks of Niu Shou Mountain behind it, surrounded by mountains on the left and right, and farmland in front. The shape of the Second Mausoleum has preserved the tradition of mausoleum architecture since the Han and Tang Dynasties, and most of the detailed structures, decorations and funerary objects imitate the style of the Tang Dynasty.The mausoleum faces south, juxtaposed from east to west, about 50 meters apart.The shape, scale, and materials of the buildings are roughly the same. They are all based on the mountain as the tomb. A flat land is dug out on the gentle slope of the mountain, and then the tomb is built, and then the surrounding area is filled.The tomb of Qinling Mausoleum is round and mound-shaped, with a diameter of about 30 meters, and the thickness of the sealing soil is 6.5 meters.The bottom layer is covered with overlaid porcelain bowls, which are neatly arranged, and the upper layer is rammed with lime, gravel, and yellow sand layer by layer, which not only increases the strength, but also plays the role of water isolation.The west and north sides of Shunling are connected to the hillside, forming a slope shape, with flat bluestone slabs sandwiched in the sealing soil.The construction is all made of bricks and stones, and Qin Mausoleum uses more stones.The shape of bricks can be divided into five types: rectangle and wedge.The two mausoleums have three main rooms of similar size in the front, middle and back, with side rooms on both sides. There are 13 in the Qin Tomb and 11 in the Shun Tomb.Qin Mausoleum is 21.48 meters long, 10.12 meters wide and 5.3 meters high; Shun Mausoleum is 21.9 meters long, 10.45 meters wide and 5.42 meters high.A coffin bed made of stone was built in the back room.The back chamber and side chambers of the Qin Mausoleum are built with rectangular stone strips, and the top is in the shape of a bucket.The rest of the tombs are built with bricks, and the tops are square and arched.The middle and back rooms of the Qin Mausoleum are paved with stone slabs, while the rest of the rooms are paved with bricks.The gates of the tomb are sealed with boulders.The four walls of the tomb are made of leaning columns, foreheads, bucket arches, stigma squares, etc. in imitation of wooden buildings.The bucket arches are all simple one bucket three liters.These parts of the Qin Mausoleum and the top of the back room are painted with colored paintings.The bottom layer is a 2.5 cm thick layer of mud mixed with glutinous rice juice and lime, which is painted with ash and then painted.The colors used are vermilion, red yellow, stone blue, stone green, ocher and other colors.The colorful paintings use fine brushwork techniques, and the contents are mostly flowers such as twining peonies, sea pomegranate flowers, baoxiang flowers, persimmon stalks, inverted lotus, and cymbidium.The constellation map is painted on the top of the back room, which is in harmony with the river map carved on the bottom of the back room.Shunling used to have similar colored paintings, but most of them have fallen off.On both sides of the north wall of the middle room of the Qinling Mausoleum is a whole piece of blue limestone, each with a high relief statue of a warrior in armor holding a sword, and the image of "Double Dragon Playing with a Pearl" in relief on the banner above.Sea pomegranate flowers are carved on the upper edge of the coffin bed, and eight dancing dragons are carved in relief on the side of the seat.The two doors in the back room are made of a whole piece of bluestone, 2.24 meters high, 0.15 meters thick, and 2.4 meters wide.Holes for door studs and door knockers are engraved on the surface.

Both tombs were stolen, and only a small number of pottery figurines, pottery animals, jade mourning books, bronze wares, iron wares and ceramic fragments were found.The pottery figurines are vivid in shape, with different decorations and expressions. There are male and female figurines standing, holding objects, and dancing; male figurines holding swords and shields; , maids, dancers, servants, etc.The contents of the mourning book are words of praise. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Qian Liu [liu Liu] (852-932 A.D.) established a separatist regime in the thirteen prefectures in present-day Zhejiang.He was called King Wu in 902 AD, and was named King Wuyue during the Later Liang Dynasty.It was destroyed by the Song Dynasty in 978 AD, and it has gone through three generations and five kings for more than 80 years.

Qian Liu died in the third year of Changxing in the Later Tang Dynasty (932 A.D.). Emperor Mingzong "buried him with the king's rites, and still gave him a Shinto stele".The tombs of King Wuyue are located in the suburbs of Hangzhou and Lin'an County, both of which were built on hillsides facing the river.Qian Liu's tomb is located at the foot of Taimiao Mountain in the northeast of Lin'an County.Several Wuyue royal family tombs were also discovered nearby.The tomb of Qian Kuan, Qian Liu's father, was excavated in Mingtang Mountain, about 2.5 kilometers west of the county, and the tomb of his son, Qian Yuanwan, was excavated at the foot of Gongchen Mountain in the south of the county.These tombs belong to the early period of Wu and Yue, and the structure of the tombs is basically the same. They are all brick tombs with multiple ear chambers and coupon roofs. The front chamber is rectangular and the back chamber is boat-shaped.The tomb of Qian Yuanguan, the second king of Wuyue (887-941 AD; reigned 932-941 AD) is located at the foot of Yuhuang Mountain in the suburbs of Hangzhou. In front of the tomb is the "Tomb of King Wenmu of Wuyue Kingdom" erected during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty.At the southern foot of Shijia Mountain in the east is the tomb of Wu Hanyue, the second concubine, and the distance between the two tombs is about 400 meters.At the foot of Yuping Peak in the west is the tomb of his son Qian Hongzuo. In front of the tomb is a Shinto stele erected by Li Gongheng, the prefect of Hangzhou during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. The tomb has been destroyed.The tombs of Qian Yuanguan and Wu Hanyue were excavated in 1958 and 1965.

Qian Yuanguan's and Wu Hanyue's tombs are basically the same in structure, materials, painted, carved, and funerary objects, and they are all stone-coffined tombs.Qian's tomb is divided into front, middle and back rooms, while Wu's tomb has only front and back rooms, with ear chambers on both sides of the front room.The stone coffins are all made of thick red conglomerate stone slabs. This kind of stone is not produced near Hangzhou, but is collected and transported from other places.The sealed door and the door frame are chiseled from large blocks of limestone, and mortise and tenon joints are made at the joints.The front room was originally painted.The four walls of the back room are carved with images, and the surface is painted in vermilion, red, green and other colors.The upper layer is a wide peony pattern, the middle layer is the four gods, and the lower layer is the statues of the twelve zodiac signs.The astronomical map is engraved on the top of the stone coffin in the back room, with the North Pole as the center, the positions of the stars are quite accurate, the stars are connected by lines, the composition is concise, the lines connecting the stars and the surrounding are decorated with gold.It is more than 300 years earlier than the existing Suzhou stone inscription star map, and its diameter is about twice as large, which has high scientific value.

Among the burial objects are a batch of precious "mysterious porcelain".The production is very neat, the tire quality is fine and firm, and it is mostly light gray.The glaze color is mainly blue and green, and some surfaces are decorated with gold paste. Former Shu was a separate kingdom established by Wang Jian (847-918 A.D.) in Sichuan.Wang Jian, a native of Wuyang, Xuzhou (now part of Henan), was conferred the title of King of Shu in the third year of Tang Tianfu (903 A.D.). After the fall of the Tang Dynasty in 907 A.D., he established the Kingdom of Shu in Chengdu, known as Former Shu in history.Wang Jian reigned for 12 years and was succeeded by his son Wang Yan after his death. Seven years later, he was destroyed by Later Tang and Yan was killed.

Wang Jian's tomb is named Yongling Mausoleum, which is located on the high ground outside Laoximen in today's Chengdu. From 1942 to 1943, Chinese archaeologists carried out excavations, making this mausoleum that had been lost for thousands of years reappear in front of people. The Yongling Mausoleum is sealed with soil as a mausoleum, which is round and hilly in shape and rammed. The base is surrounded by stone blocks, with a diameter of about 80 meters and a height of about 15 meters.Outside it, there are three brick foundations at intervals of 1.5-2.5 meters, which seem to be the remains of mausoleums.There is a pair of brick-covered rammed earth piers between the brick foundations in the south.There were original stone carvings in front of the mausoleum. In 1971, a huge civil official stone statue was unearthed 300 meters south of the mausoleum, with a crown on his head, a sword on his body, and a wat [huhu] in both hands, with rough lines.The stone statue is well preserved, with a height of 3.8 meters and a total height of 4.1 meters. It is carved from a whole piece of bluestone.The tall stone statues in front of the mausoleum have not been found in other tombs of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. The tomb faces south, without a tomb passage, with a total length of 23.4 meters.It is composed of 14 red sandstone masonry arches, divided into front, middle and back rooms, each room is equipped with a pair of wooden doors, and the rooms are connected by corridors.The walls of the chamber are painted with fine mud and chalk, and painted with azure and vermilion.The middle room is the main room, with a large area, and a xumizuo-style sarcophagus bed is built behind the center. It is 0.84 meters high, 7.5 meters long and 3.35 meters wide, and the coffin is placed on top.There are 24 relief sculptures on the east, west and south sides of the coffin bed, including two dancers and 22 musicians, with vivid expressions and different postures.The musical instrument combination belongs to Yanle, and there are 20 kinds of pipa, clapper, drum, flute, sheng, zither, etc., forming a complete palace band.On both sides of the coffin bed, there are 12 half-length stone sculptures of wrestlers supporting the coffin bed, wearing helmets or crowns, and armor, with calm and brave expressions.A stone bed was built in the back room, and a round stone statue of Wang Jian was placed on it, with traces of famille rose on the surface.The statue is 0.86 meters high, wearing a folded scarf on its head, and dressed in imperial uniforms, with well-proportioned proportions. "Historical Records of the Five Dynasties · Genealogy of Former Shu" records that Wang Jian "is a man with long eyebrows and broad chest [sang voice], with a majestic appearance", and "Cefu Yuangui" records that he has "long eyebrows and broad chest, long eyes and tiger eyes".This portrait has thick eyebrows and deep eyes, long and high cheekbones, thin lips and big ears, which is consistent with historical records, and is a masterpiece of realism. The tomb was stolen in the early years, and only more than 30 burial objects were unearthed.Jade 銙 [kuakuan], thallium [shi Shi] tail and jade belt with a silver buckle from the coffin, treasure 盝 [lulu] and posthumous treasure, book case and jade book, silver box, silver bowl, The gold and silver tire lacquer dish and the silver flat vermilion lacquer mirror dowry are all very precious cultural relics. Meng Zhixiang (874-934 A.D.) was born in Longgang, Xingzhou (now southwest of Xingtai, Hebei). After 925 A.D., after the Tang Dynasty destroyed the former Shu, he was appointed as Chengdu Yin and Jiannan Xichuan Jiedushi.Meng Zhixiang made a lot of achievements in rectifying the administration of officials in Shu, reducing taxes and training armored soldiers.In the first year of Yingshun in the Later Tang Dynasty (934 A.D.), he proclaimed himself emperor in the first month of January.His son Meng Changsi died in the Northern Song Dynasty in 965 AD and died in the capital.There is no record in the history of Heling, but it was discovered and excavated by archaeologists in 1971. Heling is the joint burial tomb of Meng Zhixiang and his wife. It is located at the southern foot of Mopan Mountain, about seven kilometers north of Chengdu, Sichuan. There are tall mounds on the ground, and the lower part is surrounded by bluestones, with a circumference of 77.4 meters.The whole tomb is composed of three parts: the enviable passage, the corridor and the tomb chamber, all of which are built with bluestone and lime as a binder, with a special architectural style.There are 22 steps in the Xiandao, the corridor is a coupon top, with gates and double tomb doors, and there is a manger-covered drainage ditch on the ground, the total length of the two is 12.5 meters.The gate of the tomb is an archway-style building, with dragons and phoenixes engraved on the owls at both ends of the ridge, green dragons and white tigers on the four gateposts, and a round sculpture of a warrior on the left and right.The warrior is 1.1 meters tall, wearing armor and holding a sword and axe. There is a main chamber in the middle of the tomb, and there are ear chambers on the east and west sides. The three chambers are all circular with a domed roof. The main chamber is 6.7 meters in diameter and 8.16 meters in height, and the ear chamber is 3.4 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height. There are doors connecting the three chambers .The ground is paved with stone slabs 1.7 meters long, 1 meter wide and 0.3 meters thick.Part of the stone in the ear chamber is engraved with the place name, time and size of the handed-in stone.The wall of the main room is painted with male and female palace figures, with smooth lines and full shapes.In the main room, there is a xumizuo-style coffin bed where the inner and outer coffins are placed. It is 5.1 meters long, 2.75 meters wide and 2.1 meters high. Its shape is similar to that of Wang Jian's tomb.The upper layer is embossed with double dragons playing with beads, and the middle layer has several rectangular holes cut on each side for inserting the coffin tent pillars. The base is engraved with lotus petals.There are five naked wrestlers with curly hair in high relief on the front and back, and one armored wrestler in high relief on each of the four corners. They are all in the shape of kneeling and carrying a coffin, with different expressions and vivid images.The center of the top of the main chamber is decorated with a relief carved dragon, and there are small iron rings at each of the four corners below, facing the four corners of the coffin bed, presumably for hanging brocade curtains to cover the coffin.On the right side in front of the coffin bed is a box of epitaphs of Meng Zhixiang’s wife, Jin Wang Li Keyong, and a stone oil tank, and several pieces of Meng Zhixiang’s jade volumes remain on the left side. Fujian is in present-day Fujian, and its founders were brothers Wang Chao and Wang Shenzhi from Gushi (now Henan).Tang Zhaozong appointed Wang Chao as the envoy of the mighty army.After Wang Chao's death, Wang Shenzhi claimed to be the queen of Fujian, and Later Liang was granted the title of King of Fujian.Wang Shenzhi died in 925 AD, and his son Yanhan succeeded him. He was killed by his younger brother Yanjun the following year.Wang Yanjun proclaimed himself emperor in 933 A.D., and was killed two years later. Since then, there have been endless internal strife, and he was destroyed by the Southern Tang Dynasty in 945 A.D. During Wang Shenzhi's reign, "every time he dealt with himself with frugality, he made good officials, saved punishment and money, lightened corvees and collected money, and rested with the people. In thirty years, the situation was as good as it was."After his death, he was buried in Fengchi Mountain in the north of Fuzhou City. In 932 AD, he was buried under Lianhua Peak.The lotus peak has a sharp top and a round bottom, shaped like a lotus flower. The east and west mountains are called Dongshan and Xishishan, and the vicinity is one of the burial places of the royal family of Fujian.Wang Shenzhi, his son Wang Yanjun, and his grandson Wang Jipeng were all buried here.According to Wang Jixian of the Song Dynasty's "Records of Ancestor Worship in Fumin", during the Five Dynasties, two temples of Lotus and Yongxing were built at the southern foot of the mountain, and eight monks guarded the tomb. The tomb of Wang Shenzhi is located between the East and West Shishan Mountains, and the earth is sealed as a mausoleum.In the cemetery today, there are only three-tier mausoleums, stone Wengzhong, stone beasts and so on. "Preparation for Mausoleums of Past Dynasties" records: "In the fifth year of Xuande in the Ming Dynasty (1430 A.D.), 30 people from the Zhongtun army stole the tomb of the king of Fujian. The gate of the tomb was very strong, and the upper corner entered it. Like, there are several rows of five offerings, all of which are made of gold and silver treasures. There are two red coffins in the back bed, and the king and wife are also." About 0.5 kilometers east of Wang Shenzhi's tomb, there are two side-by-side mounds on the southern slope of Dongshi Mountain, both facing north-south. In 1965, archaeologists conducted excavations, and an epitaph was unearthed in the east, known as the tomb of Liu Hua, wife of Wang Yanjun.Liu Hua died in the first year of Changxing (930 AD), while Wang Yanjun was still in power.The one on the west was stolen from the record in "Records of Visiting the Tomb of the King of Fujian" by Zheng Jie, a native of Fujian, during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty.The buried may be Wang Yanjun or another wife.The tomb is built on a stepped platform according to the mountain.The ground plane of the lowest level of the first level is convex, and there is a horseshoe-shaped mound in the middle of the level of the second level, with bricks and tiles scattered on the surface, which may be the ruins of the auxiliary building of the tomb. The two tombs are in the shape of a round mound, the lower layer is paved with stones, surrounded by bricks, and the upper layer is filled with miscellaneous soil and gravel.The structure and size of the tomb chambers of the two tombs are the same, so they should be built at the same time.All the tombs are built with granite blocks with a width of 0.2 meters and a length of about 0.5 meters.It is rectangular in plane and 8.4 meters in length. It is divided into two chambers, the front and the back, with a door in the front.The plane of the front chamber is nearly square, and the plane of the back chamber is rectangular.The two chambers are vaulted and paved with stone slabs.In the middle of the back room is a rectangular coffin platform, accounting for more than two-thirds of the total area, and in the middle of the back wall is a rectangular niche for the epitaph.Both tombs were stolen many times in the early years, and there are not many burial objects left.Unearthed from Liu Hua's tomb are pottery figurines of men and women, tomb-suppressing animals, remnants of pottery and epitaphs, etc.The postures of the pottery figurines include arching hands, holding objects, bending over, holding sticks, etc., with accurate proportions and vivid expressions, inheriting the realistic style of the Tang Dynasty. The Southern Han Dynasty was a separatist regime in Guangdong and Guangxi.In 917 AD, Liu Yan (yan Yan) proclaimed himself emperor, known as the Southern Han Dynasty in history, and died in 942 AD.His son Liu Fing came to the throne, and the next year his younger brother Liu Sheng killed Fing to stand on his own.Sheng died in 958 AD, and his son Liu  (changchang) came to the throne. In 971 AD, he descended to Song Dynasty and moved his family to the capital. "Old History of the Five Dynasties" records that Liu Dong's tomb is called Kangling, and Liu Sheng's tomb is called Zhaoling, which are located in the suburbs of Guangzhou today. According to the survey in 1972, Kangling is located in Beiting, a suburb of Guangzhou. It is a brick tomb with five layers of arches on the top.The tomb chamber is about 12 meters long and is divided into three parts: the front chamber, the aisle and the back chamber.The back room is nearly square, and the front room is slightly narrower and longer, with eight niches on each side.The gate of the tomb was sealed with large stone slabs horizontally. Regarding Zhaoling, "Historical Records of the Five Dynasties · Family of the Southern Han Dynasty" records: "Buried in the north of the city (Xingwang Mansion, today's Guangzhou), Yunpi [pipi] is Kuang, and Sheng came to see it in person. He died in autumn and was thirty years old. Nine.” In 1954, a brick-chambered tomb from the Five Dynasties period was discovered in Shima Village, northeast of Guangzhou City, which was identified as Zhaoling Mausoleum according to textual research. The tomb is located at the foot of Shiniu Mountain, about three meters above the basin in front of the tomb.The tomb passage is on the south side, slope-style.The tomb is built of bricks and is divided into three parts: the front chamber, the aisle and the back chamber, with a total length of about 12 meters.The back room is rectangular, eight meters long, 2.54 meters wide, and 2.2 meters high, with a three-story brick arch on the top.The front room is nearly square, with brick utensil boxes on both sides. The existing complete utensil box on the east wall is divided into eight grids, which is a rare form.The door of the tomb was blocked with stones.Some tomb bricks are engraved with the date of the Southern Han Dynasty and the name of the craftsman.A pair of stone horses, one stone statue and two stone figurines were found in front of the tomb, all carved out of limestone.One stone figurine is 1.5 meters high, and the other is 1.6 meters high. Both have long clothes and wide sleeves, and their hands are arched like wats.The horse is kneeling, 1.31 meters long and 1.63 meters high.The tomb was stolen many times in the early years, and nearly 200 pieces of ceramics were still unearthed in the utensil box on the east side.