Chapter 9 h

Handan: The capital of Zhao during the Warring States period.Toddler: Learning to walk.This refers to going to Handan to learn how to walk from Zhao Guoren.The latter is a metaphor for imitating others and forgetting even the familiar things. "Zhuangzi Qiushui": "And the son alone did not hear that the learning of the husband Shouling Yuzi was in Handan? He didn't get the national ability, and he lost his old practice. He just crawled and returned to his ears." A young man in Shouling of the State of Yan heard that the people of the State of Zhao walked beautifully, so he went to Handan, the capital of the State of Zhao, to learn how to walk.As a result, not only did he fail to learn the strengths of the Zhao people, but he forgot how he walked before, and finally had to crawl back to the country of Yan.

Dongshi imitation At present, the state is implementing a modern enterprise system in state-owned enterprises, which is very strategic. However, many state-owned enterprises have misunderstood it. As a result, Handan is learning to walk, with little effect. It is a metaphor to secretly slander and slander others. Volume 12 of "Sou Shen Ji": "In Guangwu Zhongping of the Han Dynasty, there was an object in the river, its name was 'Shen', and the other was 'Short Fox', which could shoot people with sand. Those who caught it were physically anxious and had headaches. , fever; the actor dies."

According to ancient legends, there is a monster called Yu (yu) in the water, which is shaped like a turtle and has three legs.Because there is a horizontal piece of meat in the mouth, which is shaped like a bow and crossbow, so it is also called water crossbow and shooter.It lives in the water in the southern region. When it hears someone passing by on the shore or on the water, it will shoot people or the shadow of people from two or three steps away from the person with sand in its mouth.If a man is shot, he will get sores, and six out of ten will die; if he is shot in the shadow, he will be seriously ill.

"Sou Shen Ji" is a collection of novels in ancient my country, which specially records the strange and strange stories in folklore.It is said that during the reign of Liu Xiuzhongping, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a monster called "short fox" in the Yangtze River, which was also called "short fox", which could spray people with sand and stones in its mouth.People who are shot often suffer from cramps, headaches, fever all over the body, severe cases may even kill them. accuse mulberry She slandered others, but she did not cite names and evidence clearly, and only used insinuations, which is really annoying.

Jia: over and over, full.Refers to profuse sweating, wet all over the back.Also commonly used to describe extreme fear or shame. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Under the Queen's Records: Emperor Xianfu Empress": "(Cao) went out, looked around, sweated, and dared not return to the court since then." At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty moved the capital to Xuchang.But from then on, the emperor just guarded the throne in vain, and none of the emperor's guards and attendants was Cao Cao's cronies, old friends, and in-laws.Yilang Zhao Yan once stated the current disadvantages to Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty and put forward his own countermeasures, but was hated by Cao Cao and killed.There were many similar things, and Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty and many veteran officials were very angry, but there was nothing they could do.

Cao Cao once entered the palace to see Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty couldn't help being angry and said to him: "If you can help me, treat me well; if not, please be kind and depose me." Cao Cao was shocked when he heard this, and begged on his knees, begging to let himself go out.Because the old system of the Han Dynasty stipulated that when the Sangong wore weapons to meet the emperor, he had to order the warriors of the tiger and cardinals to hold him on both sides with swords.After Cao Cao came out of the palace, he looked around and was so scared that his back was wet with sweat.From then on, Cao Cao never dared to go to see Emperor Xian of Han in person.

There is also a similar "sweating on the back" in "Hanshu·Wangling Biography".It is about the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, Chen Ping and Zhou Bo killed the Lu family, preserved the Han Dynasty, and established Liu Heng as Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty.Chen Ping believed that Zhou Bo had made the greatest contribution in pacifying Zhulu, so he suggested that Emperor Wen worship Zhou Bo as the prime minister of the right and retire to the prime minister of the left.After a while, Emperor Wen asked Zhou Bo when he was in charge: "How many prisoners are sentenced in a year?" Zhou Bo couldn't answer.Emperor Wen asked again: "What is the country's income and expenditure for a year?" Zhou Bo couldn't answer it again, so that he "sweats all over his back."Emperor Wen asked Chen Ping at this time, and Emperor Wen was very satisfied with Chen Ping's answer.After leaving the court, Zhou Bo felt that he was indeed inferior to Chen Ping, so he resigned from his official position, and Chen Ping became the prime minister alone, who was the prime minister for state affairs.

sweating As soon as we arrived at Bangkok Airport, we were immediately surrounded by the oncoming heat wave, and we were all sweating. We really experienced the heat of Thailand. Sweaty horse: The horse sweats while running.Originally refers to the hard work of the battle, but also refers to the military exploits. "Han Feizi Five Beetles": "If you abandon your private affairs, you will have to work hard. If your family is poor and you go to the Buddha, you will be poor." Han Fei said in "Five Beetles" that the general mentality of ordinary people is to seek safety and gain and avoid danger and embarrassment.The current situation is that when they attack the city, they will be killed by the enemy if they advance, and they will be executed by criminal law if they retreat, so they are in a dangerous situation.If they abandon their private family affairs and pursue military exploits, and the monarch with a poor family does not intervene, then he will be in a difficult position.Where embarrassment and danger exist, how can people not escape?Therefore, the people would rather work for the private nobles, doing chores such as repairing houses.When the house is repaired, it will be far away from the war, and it will be safe if it is far away from the war.Use property to attach to those in power, and demands can be met.When the requirements are met, there is personal well-being, and private well-being is where interests lie.Why don't the people tend to where the benefits of peace and happiness lie?Therefore, there are fewer people who contribute to the country and more people who contribute to private interests.

great achievements The "father of the two bombs" Deng Jiaxian made great contributions to my country's national defense modernization, which is worthy of our eternal commemoration. Hang: mist.瀣: water vapor.This refers to the fusion of mist and water vapor.It is now used as a metaphor for like-minded people colluding together. Northern Song Dynasty·Qian Yi's "Southern New Book": "In the second year of Ganfu, Cui Hang released Cui Dang, and the talker said, 'The master's disciples are all together.'" Qian Yi, a Jinshi during the reign of Emperor Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty, was quick-witted and good at calligraphy, painting, poetry and prose. "Southern New Book" consists of ten volumes. It was written by Qian Yi when he was the magistrate of Kaifeng County. It was completed around the first year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1008).The book has more than 35,000 words and is prefaced by stems and branches. It mainly records the stories of the Tang and Five Dynasties, including the rise and fall of official positions, the evolution of the political system and the anecdotes of official ceremonies. It is very useful for the study of the political history of the Tang Dynasty. reference value.

"Southern New Book" recorded a story in the fifth episode: in the second year of Emperor Xizong Qianfu in the Tang Dynasty (875 AD), Cui Hang served as the chief examiner.One of the candidates was named Cui Dang, and Cui Hang admitted him.After the incident spread, people who liked to comment said, "The seat owner Cui Hang and the disciple Cui Dang are like the fusion of mist and water vapor." Collusion Like-minded The Japanese aggressors, colluding with traitors and puppet troops, sealed off base areas, burned, killed and looted, and committed all kinds of crimes. Hepu: the name of the ancient county.Established in the Han Dynasty, the county is located in the northeast of Hepu County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. In the southeast of the county, there is Pearl City, also known as Bailong City, which is famous for its pearl production.Also: return.The original metaphor is that because of the good governance, the pearl oyster that had escaped before was moved and returned.Later, it is often used as a metaphor for getting something lost again.

"Book of the Later Han Xunli Zhuan Mengchang": "(Hepu) County does not produce grains, but jewels come out of the sea...First time the governors were greedy and dirty, and the tricky people sought them out. I don't know the Jiji, so the pearls gradually migrated. In the Jiaozhi County border... I tasted the official, and I was embarrassed before the change, and I begged the people to benefit from the disease. I was not over the age, and the pearls were returned, and the people all turned against their careers." In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Hepu County did not produce grain, but it was rich in pearls.The pearls produced there are round, large and pure in color, so they are called "Hepu pearls".The local people in Hepu live by fishing for pearls and exchange them for food.Meng Chang was a well-known upright official at that time. He was benevolent, moral, noble and refined, and had outstanding talents.Before Mengchang came to Hepu to serve as the prefect, the officials at all levels in Hepu were corrupt and broke the law. Regardless of the law of pearl growth and the restraint of fishing, they blindly sent people to fish.As a result, the pearl mussels got scared, and they gradually migrated to the neighboring Jiaozhi County.Hepu can catch fewer and fewer pearls.People in Hepu have always made a living by picking pearls, but now the resources are exhausted, no pearls can be picked, and the merchants are not coming. The people can't live, and many people starve to death.After Mengchang served as the prefect of Hepu, he abolished the previous bad government and sought ways to help the people out of their predicament.He abolished the unreasonable fishing policy and vigorously protected and rationally developed pearl mussel resources.In less than a year, the removed pearl mussels returned to Hepu, and Hepu became a place rich in pearls, and the people lived a prosperous and happy life. Due to reasonable policies and good leadership, many talents who have been lost in the school have returned one after another. Gu: Look back.Generally refers to worries from the rear or at home. "Wei Shu·Li Chong Biography": "I am benevolent, loyal and elegant, and entrusted with the post of Taiwan Secretary, so that I will have no worries when I go out of the country. If I suddenly have this trouble, I feel very sad." Li Chong was a famous official in the Northern Wei Dynasty during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. His father died when he was young, and he was raised by his elder brother Li Cheng, the prefect of Xingyang.Li Cheng often said: "This little brother is very capable, and he should be given high hopes." At that time, the sons of the prefects of the prefecture often harassed the people and asked for property at will. appreciated by people. After Li Chong took the official position, he was quick in handling affairs and submissive in character, and gradually won the emperor's favor.Because of the successful implementation of the reform of the household registration and taxation system, which benefited the country and the people, he was also favored by the Queen Mother.After taking up an important position, Li Chong disregarded his personal likes and dislikes and acted impartially, which won everyone's praise and trust. At that time, there was a man named Li Biao, who was helpless but self-improving, and could not follow the crowd and kitsch.Because Li Chong respected scholars, Li Biao attached himself wholeheartedly to Li Chong.Li Chong also liked Li Biao's knowledge, so he accepted him modestly and politely, often recommended him to the emperor, and tried his best to help him in public and private affairs.After Li Biao became a senior official, he was also trusted and loved by the emperor, so he thought that Li Chong should not be ignored, and he no longer respected Li Chong.Li Chong was very angry about this, so he arrested Li Biao during the emperor's southern expedition.Li Chong's personality has always been gentle and generous, but once he gets angry, he will suddenly suffer from panic and palpitations.Facing Li Biao, Li Chong was so angry that he couldn't bear it. He opened his eyes angrily, yelled and cursed loudly, and suddenly fell ill. He died more than ten days later. He was only forty-nine years old at the time. After the emperor returned to Beijing, he talked about Li Chong with his ministers, and said with regret: "Premier Li Chong's government is clean and simple, benevolent and wise, loyal and noble. Because of these, I entrust all the power of the court to him, so that I can cross the border. During the Southern Expedition, there were no worries from the rear. Now he is suddenly like this, which makes me feel infinitely sad and emotional when I think about it." Carefree Xu Hu's wife expressed her full support for her husband and did not let him have any worries. It originally refers to the fact that junior ministers rank above senior senior ministers.After generally refers to the later than the previous. "Historical Records Ji Zheng Biography": "Your Majesty uses a group of ministers like a pile of salary, and those who come later will come first." Ji An was a famous minister in the Western Han Dynasty who dared to speak out.He advocates Huang Lao's thinking, likes to be quiet and inactive, and only pays attention to major principles when dealing with political affairs, not demanding details.He sympathizes with the sufferings of the people, is serious, upright and unyielding, and is called "foolish and straight" by the emperor.Ji An repeatedly lost his official position because of his outspoken admonitions, and was respected by the emperor many times because of his ability to uphold principles.However, Ji An's heart is not open-minded enough.When Ji An was in Jiuqing, Gongsun Hong, Zhang Tang and others were only petty officials.Later, these people became famous and lived with Ji An in high positions, and Ji An spoke ill of them.Later, Gongsun Hong was promoted to the prime minister, named Liehou, and Zhang Tang was promoted to Yushi doctor; all of Ji'an's subordinates in the past were also promoted to rank with him, and some were reused, and their status surpassed Ji'an.In this way, Ji An developed some resentment.When he met the emperor, he said: "Your Majesty, you appoint all the ministers like stacking firewood, but the later ones are placed on top." The emperor was silent.After a while, Ji An withdrew, and the emperor said: "It's true that you can't be ignorant, look at what Ji An said, he is really going too far day by day." Later, Ji An committed a minor crime and was dismissed by the emperor, so Ji An lived in seclusion in the countryside.A few years later, because Huaiyang County was difficult to govern, the emperor thought of Ji An again, and appointed him as the prefect of Huaiyang.Under Ji An's governance, Huaiyang became politically clear and was respected by the people and colleagues.Seven years later, Ji An died as the prefect of Huaiyang. out of blue Due to the invention and innovation in smelting and casting technology, China's metallurgical industry soon caught up and jumped to the forefront of the world, and laid a solid material foundation for the highly developed ancient Chinese civilization. An outstanding figure among the younger generations, or a promising young man in the future. : "Fan Yuzhang called Wang Jingzhou: 'Qing is romantic and handsome, he is really a latecomer.'" Fan Ning is a famous Confucian scholar in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the grandfather of Fan Ye, the author of "Book of the Later Han Dynasty", who served as the prefect of Yuzhang, so he is also called Fan Yuzhang.The "Chunqiu Guliang Biography Collection and Explanation" written by him is the earliest extant commentary on "Chunqiu Guliang Biography". Wang Chen is Fan Ning's nephew, with a good character, he was already very famous at the age of twenty, and once served as the chief historian of the hussars.Once, Wang Chen went to visit his uncle Fan Ning and met Zhang Xuan at Fan Ning's house, and Fan Ning asked him to talk to Zhang Xuan.Henry Zhang was sitting in danger, waiting for Wang Chen to come to talk, but he waited and waited, but Wang Chen didn't come to talk to him.Henry Zhang left disappointed.Fan Ning blamed Wang Chen and said: "Zhang Xuan is a hero in Wudi, why don't you talk to him?" Wang Chen said with a smile: "If Zhang Xuan plans to know me, he will come to see me himself." Fan Ning said He said: "You are elegant and elegant, and you have a good reputation. You are an outstanding person among the younger generations." Wang Chen said: "Without an uncle like you, how could there be a nephew like me!" After a while, Fan Ning sent someone to tell the story. Henry Zhang, Henry Zhang then straightened up his attire and formally went to visit Wang Chen.Since then, Wang Chen and Zhang Xuancai have had frequent contacts. come from behind The emergence of a group of up-and-coming stars in the literary and artistic circles is a sign of the prosperity and development of the literary and artistic undertakings. Younger: the younger generation, the next generation.It means that young people are bound to surpass their predecessors, which is awe-inspiring. "The Analects of Confucius Zihan": "The future generations are fearful, how do you know that the coming ones are not like the present." Confucius said: "Young people are bound to surpass their predecessors and are awe-inspiring. How do you know that the future will not be as good as the present? If you are not famous at the age of forty or fifty, it is not worth being afraid." Xing Bing, a Confucian scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, commented: "Young people It is entirely possible to achieve morality by accumulating learning and deeds. They are indeed awe-inspiring. How can I know that the moral articles of these young people will not be as good as I am today? At the age of ten you don't have much fame, even if you try to recharge your batteries at this time, you will not be able to achieve great morality, so it is no longer worth being afraid of." This sentence of Confucius emphasizes two aspects, one is to emphasize the importance of learning; the other is to emphasize the importance of applying what you have learned.Young people are awesome, but the premise is that the younger generation and the next generation should first receive a good education. If education is done well, the future of young people will be bright; at the same time, young people must make unremitting efforts when they are young. Only in this way can they surpass the present.If you still achieve nothing at the age of 40 or 50, it means that your education has not been successful or you have not worked hard, and there is no hope. nothing more You have made such a great achievement at such a young age, you are really awesome! 囫囵: Complete, whole.Swallow the dates whole.Later, it is often used as a metaphor for not making analysis and selection in learning, but accepting it in a vague and general way. Yuan·Bai's "Zhanyuan Jingyu": "A guest said: 'Pears benefit the teeth and damage the spleen, and jujube benefits the spleen and damage the teeth.' A stunned disciple thought for a long time and said: 'I eat pears but chew them but not swallow them. It hurts my spleen; when I eat jujube, I swallow it without chewing it, so it can't hurt my teeth.' The sexist said: "You really swallowed a jujube whole."" Bai Teng, courtesy name Tingyu, was a famous calligrapher and poet in the Yuan Dynasty.In his later years, he retired to the foot of Qixia Ridge in the West Lake. Because there was a spring in front of the gate, he named his room "Zhanyuan" and used it as his own name. "Zhanyuan Jingyu" is his anthology.It records the story of "swallowing jujubes whole": Someone said: "Eating pears is good for the teeth, but it will damage the spleen and stomach; eating dates is good for the spleen and stomach, but it will damage the teeth." A stupid disciple thought about this for a long time, Then he said: "When I eat pears, I just chew them and don't swallow them, so it won't damage my spleen and stomach; when I eat jujubes, I just swallow them whole and don't chew them, so my teeth won't be damaged." A joking acquaintance said: "You really swallowed a jujube whole!" Eat it alive Chew slowly Many people have had the experience of being forced to recite Tang poems and Song poems when they were young. Although they just swallowed jujubes at the time without knowing their meaning or their goodness, after a long time, they soaked in a person's cultural quality and nourished a person's soul. With the help of the tiger's prestige, the fox scares away all the beasts.Later, it is used as a metaphor for relying on the power of others to oppress others. "Warring States Policy Chu Policy 1": "The tiger asked the beasts to eat them, and got the fox. The fox said: 'I dare not eat me. The emperor of heaven made me grow beasts. Today, the son eats me, which is against the emperor's order." The son thinks I don't believe it, and I will go first for the son, and the son will follow me. Seeing that the beasts see me, they dare not go away!' The tiger thinks so, so he walks with it, and the beasts run away when they see it. The tiger does not know that the beast is afraid of itself And walk away, thinking that you are afraid of foxes." One day, King Xuan of Chu asked his ministers: "I heard that the northern minorities are very afraid of our minister Zhao Xixie. I don't know how he is?" None of the ministers answered.Jiang Yi then told a story, saying: "There was a tiger looking for all kinds of wild animals as his delicacies. One day, it caught a fox. The fox said: 'You dare not eat me. The Emperor of Heaven appointed me to rule the world. Beast, if you eat me today, you will violate the order of the Emperor of Heaven. If you think that what I say is unreliable, I can walk in front and you follow me. Let's see if the beasts have met me. Dare not to run away!" The tiger thought it was reasonable, so he walked forward with it, and the wild beasts ran away after seeing them. The tiger didn't know that the wild beasts were actually afraid of him, and thought they were really afraid A fox." Through this story, Jiang Yi hinted that Zhao Xixie is actually like that fox, but he uses the tiger to display his prestige, which is not as powerful as in the legend. bullying You can't use the banner of leading cadres to pretend to be powerful and seek personal gain. Hua: Blossom.Fact: bear fruit.It only blooms and does not bear fruit.The metaphor looks good, but the content is empty. "Zuo Zhuan Wengong Five Years": "It is flashy and unreal, and resentment gathers." During the Spring and Autumn Period, Chufu Yang of the Jin State visited the State of Wei and passed by Ningdi on his return. Ning Ying was willing to follow him as his entourage.But Ning Ying came back as soon as he walked to Wendi.Ning Ying's wife asked the reason, and Ning Ying replied: "He is too upright. It is said in the "Book of Business": "A deep person must overcome it with strength, and a bright person must overcome it with weakness." That person has only one of them. One, I'm afraid I can't end well. The pure yang in the sky belongs to the strong virtue, and if it doesn't violate the order of the four seasons of cold and heat, let alone people? Besides, if the appearance is beautiful and the content is empty, it will gather resentment. Offending others and gathering resentment at the same time, it will I couldn’t stabilize myself. I was afraid that following him would not only bring me no benefits, but would encounter disasters, so I left him.” In the spring of 621 BC, Chufu Yang believed that Zhao Dun was capable, and through a military parade in another place, he replaced Hu Gushe, the original commander of the Chinese army, and let Zhao Dun take up this important position, thus enabling Zhao Dun to take charge of Zhao's state affairs. .In August, Duke Jinxiang died. Minister Jia Ji and Zhao Dun had a conflict over supporting the new monarch.Jia Ji supported the son Le, and Zhao Dun supported the son Yong.During the struggle, Zhao Dun sent someone to kill Gongzi Le, completely cutting off Jia Ji's hope.Jia Ji resented Chufu Yang for helping Zhao Dun, making himself inferior to the Zhao family, and knowing that Chufu Yang had no support in Jin, he sent someone to kill him. Specious Consistent During the Mid-Autumn Festival this year, savvy consumers have begun to dislike those mooncakes with flashy and expensive packaging, but the excessive and even ridiculous behavior on the packaging has not disappeared. Metaphors have a false name and are of no practical use.It can also be used as a metaphor for masturbating with fantasies. "Three Kingdoms · Wei Zhi · Lu Yu Biography": "Don't take the election to be famous, and make cakes with picturesque names, and you can't eat them." Lu Yu was a minister of the State of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. He was famous for his honest advice and direct advice. He once served as the minister in charge of selecting officials.Whenever there is a shortage of important positions in the imperial court, the emperor asks Lu Yu to come up with candidates. Once, the imperial court needed to recommend Zhongshulang.At that time, Zhuge Dan, Deng Yang and others were very famous, but Emperor Wei Ming thought they were flashy and hated them.Emperor Ming issued an edict and said: "Whether you can get the right candidate depends on Lu Yu. The people you choose and recommend should not only be famous. Fame is like a pancake painted on the ground. You can't eat it." Lu Yu He replied: "Fame is not enough to attract strange talents, but ordinary talents can be obtained. Ordinary talents obey enlightenment, admire good deeds, and then gain fame. They should not be hated. However, now officials are only judged on the basis of people's praise and reputation. There are indeed many disadvantages in promoting or demoting officials." Emperor Ming thought that what he said was very reasonable, immediately adopted his opinion, and ordered the establishment of an evaluation system for the appointment and removal of officials. When Lu Yu judges, selects and recommends talents, he always cites their character and conduct first, and then their talents.Someone asked him why he did this?Lu Yu replied: "Only people with good morals can do good deeds. For people with good morals, they can do great things with great talents, and small good things with small talents. But people who claim to be talented in the society do not do good deeds. , then I think such a talent is useless." Lu Yu's opinion was recognized by everyone. Wang Mei Quenches Thirst The things calculated by a fortune teller are like painting cakes to satisfy one's hunger, they cannot be counted. According to legend, in ancient times, the criminal law was lenient, and circles were drawn on the ground to make sinners stand in the circle to show punishment, just like the prison for future generations.Later, it is used as a metaphor to limit the action within a certain range and not exceed it. Western Han Dynasty Sima Qian's "Letter to Ren Shaoqing": "The old scholar has a painting place as a prison, and he cannot enter it. He cuts a tree to be an official. It is wrong to discuss it, and it is determined to be fresh." During the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, there was a battle against the Xiongnu. It was commanded by Li Guangli, the elder brother of the concubine of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, General Li Guangli, and Li Ling led 5,000 people as the vanguard.At the beginning of the battle, Li Ling's troops swept the Huns so smoothly that the lone army penetrated deep into the hinterland of the Huns.Shan Yu, the king of the Xiongnu, was very frightened. He mobilized all the people in the country who could draw bows and arrows to besiege Li Ling.In the end, Li Ling was forced to surrender because he ran out of ammunition and food and had no hope of reinforcements.Before Li Ling surrendered, news of success spread frequently, and court officials all picked what the emperor liked to hear.After the news of Li Ling's defeat and surrender came, everyone derogated Li Ling with one voice.At that time, Sima Qian was serving as the Taishiling of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty asked him his opinion on this matter.Based on his usual observations and analysis of the battlefield situation, Sima Qian said that Li Ling was not a person who coveted life and feared death, and that his surrender was caused by the fact that the rescuers did not arrive on time.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was furious when he heard such an answer, thinking that Sima Qian was slandering Li Guangli, so he handed him over to Dali Temple for interrogation, and was sentenced to imperial punishment. After Sima Qian was sentenced to the palace sentence, he was appointed Zhongshu Ling. In a reply letter to Ren Shaoqing, he described his misfortune and grief.It said: When the tiger is in the deep mountains, all the beasts are afraid, and when they are locked in a cage, they will wag their tails and beg for food. This is the result of the gradual restraint of their power.For scholar-bureaucrats, especially they cannot be imprisoned to kill their integrity, so even if a circle is drawn on the ground as a prison cell, they are not allowed to enter, even if a wooden man is cut to serve as a trial official, they cannot face it. Kill yourself early in front of your body to avoid humiliation.The reason why I accepted the castration and did not commit suicide is because the "Historical Records" has not been finished. After drawing the portrait of the dragon, add the eyes to it.When post-metaphor writing or speaking, use incisive words and sentences to point out the gist at key points to make the content more vivid and powerful. Tang Zhang Yanyuan's "Notes on Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties Zhang Sengyou": "Zhang Sengyou is also a native of Wuzhong. Tianjianzhong is the servant of the Wuling Kingdom. He Zhimi Pavilion knows the painting. He is the general of the Liyou Army and the prefect of Wuxing. Emperor Wu worships Buddhist temples, Many life monk Yao painted it. When the kings were away, Emperor Wu thought about it, so he sent monk Yao to describe his appearance and treat him like his face. Jiangling Tianhuang Temple was built by Emperor Ming, and there is a Baitang inside. Seng Yao painted the statue of Lushena Buddha and Zhongni Ten philosophies. The emperor asked: "How to draw Confucius in the gate of Shimen?" Seng Yao said: "Later, you should rely on this ear." In the later Zhou Dynasty, Buddhism was destroyed and temple towers were burned all over the world. It is not true that there is a statue of Xuanni in this hall alone. It was ordered to be demolished. Also, the four white dragons in Anle Temple in Jinling did not touch their eyes, and each said: "When you touch your eyes, you will fly away." People think it is absurd, so please click on it. In a short while, thunder and lightning broke the wall, and the two dragons took to the sky on the clouds. Those who have not touched the eyes of the two dragons are here." During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Liang Wudi Xiao Yan of the Liang Dynasty respected Buddhism and built temples extensively.According to Zhang Yanyuan's "Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties" in the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Sengyou had political status and vision at that time, and was also a famous painter. When Emperor Wu of Liang decorated Buddhist temples, he often asked him to paint on the walls.At that time, the sons who had been entrusted by Emperor Wu of Liang were not with him. Emperor Wu missed them very much, so he sent Zhang Sengyou to the princes' fiefs to paint their portraits, so that seeing the portraits would be like meeting each other.At that time, there was a Tianhuang Temple in Jiangling, which was established by Ming Emperor Xiaoluan, and there was a Baitang in the temple.Zhang Sengyou painted the statue of Lushena Buddha and ten philosophers including Confucius in the Baitang.Emperor Liang Wu felt strange, so he asked him: "Why is there a painting of the sage Kong in the Buddhist gate?" Buddhism burned all the temples and pagodas in the world, only this temple was not ordered to be demolished because of the portrait of Confucius.It is also recorded that there is an Anle Temple in Jinling, and Zhang Sengyou drew four white dragons in it, but did not draw eyes for them.He often said: "Once the eyes are painted, the white dragon will fly away." People thought it was impossible, so they had to paint the eyes.Sure enough, when Zhang Sengyou painted eyes on two of the white dragons, the sky began to thunder and lightning.Soon, lightning struck the wall, and the two dragons soared into the sky, while the other two dragons without eyes remained on the wall. After drawing the snake, add the feet.Metaphor to do superfluous things, but harmful instead of beneficial. "Warring States Policy Qi Policy II": "Those who have ancestral halls in Chu will give them wine. .' One person first completed the snake, and he drank the wine. He held the swastika in his left hand and drew the snake in his right hand, saying: 'I can make it a foot.' Can it be the foot?' Then drink the wine. Those who are the snake's foot will die of the wine in the end." A family in the state of Chu held a sacrifice, and the master rewarded his subordinates with a large glass of wine.The subordinates said: "This big glass of wine is not enough for several people to drink, and it can't be finished if one person drinks it. Why don't we compete in drawing snakes on the ground, whoever finishes the painting first will drink the wine." After finishing the drawing, he picked up the glass of wine to drink, held the glass in his left hand, and drew the snake with his right hand, and said, "I can draw the feet of this snake." Before the snake feet were finished, another person finished The snake took the cup from his hand and said: "Snakes have no feet, how can you draw them?" So he drank the wine.The man who added feet to the snake did not drink the wine he should have been able to drink in the end. During the Warring States Period, General Zhaoyang of the State of Chu conquered eight cities of the State of Wei one after another, and then moved his troops to attack Qi.The king of Qi sent Chen Zhen to persuade Zhaoyang.After Chen Zhen met Zhaoyang, he first congratulated him on the merits of Lianke and the Eight Cities, and then asked: "According to the laws of Chu State, what kind of official title can you be named for these contributions?" Zhaoyang said: "Can you be named Shangzhu State (the official position of Chu State next to the prime minister)." Chen Zhen said: "What is a greater official than Shangzhu State?" Zhaoyang said: "Only Ling Yin (Prime Minister) is left." Chen Zhen asked: " But will the Chu State set up two prime ministers?" Then he used an analogy and told him the story of "superimposed on a snake". After telling the story, Chen Zhen went on to say, you have helped the king of Chu defeat the state of Wei, and the fame and fortune you have gained are enough.Attacking Qi State again is like drawing a snake and adding more feet, maybe you will lose your life.After hearing Chen Zhen's words, Zhaoyang felt that it made sense, so he withdrew his troops and returned home. superfluous just right His opinions on the ruins of the Yuanmingyuan generally fall into two categories: 1. The ruins are ruins, and they should be kept in their original state, not superfluous, modified or reconstructed; Huangliang: The name of corn, that is, yellow millet.I had a sweet dream when the rice was not yet cooked.Later, it is used as a metaphor for illusory things and unfulfilled desires. Shen Jiji of the Tang Dynasty: "In the seventh year of the Kaiyuan period, there was Lu Weng, a Taoist priest, who acquired the magic of immortality. He walked in the middle of the Handan Road and rested in the mansion...I saw a young man in the brigade. Very smooth. For a long time, Lu Sheng looked at his clothes and clothes, and he sighed and said: "A man's life is not in harmony, so he is so trapped!"... After speaking, he was dizzy and sleepy. At that time, the master was steaming millet. Weng Naitan The pillow in the bag was given to him, and he said: "My son rests on my pillow, so that your son will be as fit as you want." His pillow is made of celadon porcelain, and its two ends are opened. When he bows his head to it, he sees that the opening is getting bigger and clearer. He lifts up his body. Entered, then went to his home. A few months later, he married a daughter of the Cui family of Qinghe. The old man sat beside him, and the master steamed the millet before it was cooked, and touched the same kind as before. After being stunned, he said, "Is it a dream?" Weng said, "Life is suitable, and it is like this." After a long time, Xie said He said: "The way of husband's favor and disgrace, the luck of poverty, the reason of death, the love of death and life, I know it all. This gentleman is stifling my desire. Dare not to be taught!" Jishou, worship again and leave." In the seventh year of Kaiyuan in the Tang Dynasty (719 A.D.), a young man surnamed Lu met an old Taoist surnamed Lu in an inn.Lu Weng had the skill of being a fairy, and when he saw Lu Sheng lamenting his own poverty, he took out a pillow from his pocket and gave it to him, saying, "You rest on my pillow, and it will make you prosperous and comfortable, just like what I usually do." It's the same as I yearn for." At that time, the owner of the inn was steaming rice, and Lu Sheng fell asleep on this celadon pillow. In the dream, he married the beautiful daughter of the Cui family in Qinghe, and the next year he was admitted to Jinshi, and later became an official to Jiedushi, and then he was a prime minister for ten years because of his military exploits; his five sons all became officials. , there are more than a dozen grandsons, all of whom married to famous families in the world; after enjoying all the wealth and glory, they died at the age of eighty. Lu Sheng stretched his waist and woke up, and saw that he was still sleeping in the inn, and the owner's rice hadn't been cooked yet. Lu Sheng asked strangely, "Could it be a dream?" What I have experienced is just like this dream." Lu Sheng thought for a long time in astonishment, and thanked him: "The life of grace or shame, the fate of embarrassment or mastery, the truth of gain and loss, the life of death and life I am fully aware of the situation. This is sir, you are teaching me to curb my greed, how dare I not accept the instruction!" He solemnly kowtowed to Lu Weng, and then left. Taboo: conceal.Deep: Refers to major events.This means that this matter must be concealed.Later, it is often used to refer to hiding things very tightly, and not wanting to leak any news. "Guliang Zhuan Zhuang Gong Thirty-two Years": "The son celebrates his father like Qi. This is rushing, and he said 'like', why? It is as deep as it is hidden, and as deep as it is hidden. If you want to see something, it is as deep as it is." Father Qing was the son of Duke Huan of Lu, the king of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period, and the brother-in-law of Duke Zhuang of Lu.After Duke Zhuang came to the throne, Father Qing took over the power.After the death of Duke Zhuang, he had no sons. Some people recommended Qingfu as his successor, but in the end, Ziban succeeded him.After less than two months in office, Ziban was killed by someone sent by Qingfu, and Zikai was re-appointed as Lord Lu Min.In the second year of Duke Min, Father Qing planned to abolish Duke Min and make himself king, so he sent someone to kill Duke Min.This angered the people of the Lu Kingdom, and they turned against Qingfu and planned to attack and kill him.Father Qing was frightened and fled to Judi.Later, the people of Ju accepted money and bribes from the people of Lu and sent Qingfu back to Lu.Father Qing asked the state of Lu to pardon his sins, but he was not allowed, so he hanged himself to death. The matter of Qingfu fleeing to Judi, Qi State, is recorded in "Spring and Autumn": "The son celebrates his father like Qi." "Ru" is a verb, meaning "to, to". "Guliang Biography" explained that Qingfu obviously fled to Ju, so why didn't he use "Ru" instead of "Ben" to express his escape?It was because Father Qing had killed two monarchs one after another. There was no greater crime than this, and even mentioning it made people feel heartbroken, so we had to hide it for him. tight-lipped outspoken For some reason, he kept the matter secret. Xiao Qiang: A small wall used as a door in the palace.It means that the disaster comes from within. "The Analects of Confucius Ji Shi": "I am afraid that Ji Sun's worries are not in Zhuanyu, but in Xiaoqiang." Zhuanyu (zhuanyu), the name of an ancient country.In the early Western Zhou Dynasty, King Cheng of Zhou asked Zhuan Yuguo to serve as the chief priest to worship Mount Meng.Because Zhuanyu was small and weak, it became a vassal of Lu in the early Spring and Autumn Period, and was eventually destroyed by Qin. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the Ji clan, who controlled the state affairs of the State of Lu, was preparing to crusade against Zhuanyu.At that time, Ran You and Zilu, two students of Confucius, were officials under the Ji family. They went to Confucius and said, "The Ji family is going to attack Zhuanyu." Within the territory of the Lu State, it is a vassal of the Lu State, why should we attack it?" Ran You said: "It is the Ji family who wants to do this, and neither of us is willing." Confucius said: "In the past, someone said: 'There is no ability.就不去担任职位，要是担任了职位就要去贡献力量。'你们没有尽到辅佐者的责任。”冉有又说：“颛臾城城墙坚固，而且接近季氏的封地，现在不夺取它，以后一定会成为子孙后代的忧患。”孔子说：“君子痛恨那种隐瞒自己的贪欲，做了坏事还要为之辩解的人。我曾听说，拥有封国的人，不担忧贫困而担忧不公平，不担忧财物不足而担忧不安定。因为公平了就没有贫困，谐和了就不会财用短缺，安定了就不会覆败。做到这些了，如果远方的人还不归服，就整修自己的文德让他们羡慕而来，来了就让他们安定地生活。现在你们两人辅佐季氏，边远之地的人不归服你们不能招来，国家四分五裂而不能进行保护，反而打算在国家内部进行战争。我恐怕季氏的忧患，不在颛臾，而在于季氏集团内部。” Fucking 明太祖朱元璋刚刚去世，就祸起萧墙，发生了一出叔侄争位的闹剧。