Chapter 2 A

Crow: crow.It is a metaphor for loving a person and loving everything related to that person. "The Great Biography of Shangshu · Zhou Zhuan · War": "A lover is also the bird on the house." Shang Zhou, the last king of the Yin and Shang Dynasties, was extravagant, cruel and innocent.Zhou Wuwang Ji sent troops to attack him.Two months later, the army marched into Muye on the outskirts of Shangdu.King Zhou of Shang heard that King Wu was coming, so he sent 700,000 troops to resist King Wu.King Wu sent Jiang Shang and a few warriors to rush into the enemy's line to challenge, and then attacked with a large force.Although King Zhou's army was large in number, they had no intention of fighting. They only hoped that King Wu would enter the capital as soon as possible.These soldiers turned their weapons upside down to open the way for King Wu.King Zhou betrayed his relatives and fled in defeat.King Zhou fled back to the city, boarded the deer platform he had built for pleasure, wrapped himself in jade-inlaid clothes, and committed suicide by jumping into the fire.

After the death of King Zhou of Shang Dynasty, King Wu hadn't thought about how to deal with the powerful officials and nobles left over from the Shang Dynasty, and he was very disturbed.So he summoned Jiang Taigong and asked how to deal with it.Jiang Taigong replied: "I heard that if you like someone, you will also like the crows on his house; if you don't like someone, you will also dislike the walls of his house." Now his subordinates should be punished together.But King Wu thought it was inappropriate.King Wu discussed with Duke Zhao again, and Duke Zhao said: "If the guilty person is killed, if the innocent person is allowed to live, how about it?" King Wu still thought it was impossible.Discuss with the Duke of Zhou again, and the Duke of Zhou said: "Let everyone live in their own homes and cultivate their own fields. Don't change everything in the past. As long as you are a benevolent person, you will be close to them. If the common people make mistakes, they will blame you." How about yourself?" King Wu said happily, "If you have such a heart, the world can be peaceful."

One of the effects of celebrity advertising is to make fans love the products they endorse. Walking slowly is like taking a car. "Warring States Policies: Four Policies of the Warring States": "Eat dinner as meat, walk comfortably as a car, innocence as precious, and quiet and chaste as self-defense." During the Warring States period, King Xuan of Qi summoned Yan Chu (chu) and said, "Yan Chu, come to me!" Unexpectedly, Yan Chu also said to the king, "Your Majesty, come to me!"Yan Chu said: "I came forward because I was greedy for power, and the king came to me because he was close to the wise men." King Xuan of Qi was even more unhappy, and said, "Is it the king who is more honorable, or the scholar is more honorable?" Yan Cheng said: "Scholars are noble. When Qin State attacked Qi State in the past, the King of Qin ordered: "Anyone who dares to cut firewood within fifty steps of Liu Xiahui's tomb will be executed without pardon." He also ordered: "Anyone who can obtain the head of the King of Qi, Entrusted to ten thousand households, and rewarded with twenty thousand taels of gold.' From this point of view, the head of a living monarch is not as good as the tomb of a dead scholar." Qi Xuan Wang was silent, bowing his head in thought.

After some debate, King Xuan of Qi said: "You are right, Yan Cheng. Scholars can't insult me. I just took it upon myself. After listening to your words, I understand what a villain's behavior is. I hope you will accept my insult." As a disciple. Besides, when you associate with me in the future, you will eat cattle, sheep and pigs, and you will definitely take a car when you go out. Your wife and children can wear gorgeous clothes." Yan Cheng saw that King Xuan of Qi was still self-righteous, and he didn't really respect him in his heart. The scholar said: "I think it's better for me to go back to my hometown and eat a little later every day. It tastes like eating meat. If I walk slowly, I have the right to ride in a car. If I have no crimes, I have the right to be rich. I live a peaceful and upright life. Have fun." Then he said goodbye and left.

scooter He walks to and from get off work every day. live in peace and enjoy their occupations. "Han Shu Huo Zhi Zhuan": "Therefore, the teachings of his father and brother were not respected, and the learning of the children was able to be achieved without labor. They each lived in peace and enjoyed their careers. , It is not what he is accustomed to, and he and Yuyue are not in harmony with each other." Ban Gu mentioned in "Han Shu Huo Zhi Zhuan" that in ancient times, the four occupations of scholars, farmers, workers, and merchants were not allowed to live together.Scholars discuss benevolence and righteousness in the places where they study, artisans discuss skills with each other in the government, merchants discuss financial benefits with each other in the market, and farmers discuss farming with each other in the fields.They are engaged in one profession from morning to night, and they will not change their minds.Therefore, even if their fathers and brothers are not strict in teaching, they can educate their children well, and their children can learn skills even without making great efforts.They each live a stable life and engage in their own occupations happily. Although they see strange and gorgeous objects, they will not accept them because they are not suitable for their customs. Customs and habits cannot be combined.In this case, people have few desires and simple things, and there are plenty of goods without contention.So the ruler guides them with morality and unifies them with etiquette, and the common people know shame and courtesy, value benevolence and justice and despise wealth and profit.This is the general reason why the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties were able to develop along the correct path and govern the country without adopting harsh politics.

Displaced We will use our hard work to build this land, so that generations can live and work in peace and contentment. Be content with poverty and take pleasure in pursuing the way of sages and sages.It is the attitude of standing in the world advocated by ancient Confucianism. "The Analects of Confucius Yong Ye": "Xianzai, Huiye! A sack of food, a ladle of drink, in a back alley. People are overwhelmed with worries, and they will not change their joy when they return." He Yanji explained Kong Anguo saying: "Yan Yuan is happy with the Tao, Although I eat in the back alleys, I don't change my pleasure."

Yan Hui, whose name is Ziyuan, is also often called Yan Yuan. He was born in the state of Lu in the late Spring and Autumn Period and was Confucius' favorite student.When Yan Hui entered Confucianism at the age of thirteen, Confucius had gathered disciples to give lectures for thirteen years, and his disciples, Zilu and others, were already well-known.Yan Hui was the youngest among his disciples, with an introverted personality, taciturn, and less intellect, so some people thought he was a bit stupid.After a period of investigation, Confucius found that Yan Hui was not stupid at all, but talented and intelligent.That's why Confucius said: "Hui is not stupid." Zi Gong, who is eloquent in speech, also said: "Yan Hui knows ten things by hearing one thing, but I can only know two things by hearing one thing. I am not as good as Yan Hui."

Yan Hui was extremely intelligent and eager to learn, so he deeply realized the profoundness and breadth of Confucius' theory, and his relationship with Confucius also surpassed that of other disciples.Confucius gave him unique trust and love. After Yan Yuan died, Confucius wept bitterly and lamented: "Oh! This is God who wants to destroy me, God wants to destroy me!" Incomparable understanding, respect and love.When Shaozhengmao and Confucius competed for disciples, "Confucius's gate is three full and three empty", only Yan Yuan never left the Confucian gate, so later generations said: "Yan Yuan only knows the sage of Confucius."

In the state of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, most of the old aristocratic families declined due to continuous civil strife.The Yan family originally belonged to the nobles of the Lu Kingdom, but when they arrived at Yan Lu, Yan Hui and his father and son, they only had the title of nobility, and their family property could not even make a living, so they could only cut down on food and clothing and lived in back alleys.But under such difficult conditions, Yan Hui was still content with poverty, and took pleasure in pursuing the way of sages. Confucius praised him and said: "Yan Hui is really a sage! A bamboo tube of rice, a melon of water, living in a back alley. Others He couldn't stand this kind of suffering, but Yan Hui could not change his pursuit."

Persuading people to live in peace and happiness is the great meridian of governing the country and the world in ancient times. There are many prescriptions, but none of them have the effect of perfecting and nourishing. Antu: Antu in the homeland.Heavy: Take... as the most important, reluctant.I am nostalgic for my hometown, and I don't want to move to another place easily. "Hanshu·Yuandi Ji": "It is the nature of the people to settle down and relocate; the flesh and blood are attached to each other, and human affections wish." In the era of Emperor Yuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, land annexation intensified day by day, and farmers went bankrupt one after another. Some of them invested in farms, became tenants and slaves, some became state tenants, and some became refugees.In this way, the taxes, taxes, and labor that these people originally borne were passed on to the self-cultivating farmers.At the same time, due to political corruption, corrupt officials, and frequent natural disasters, struggles against the rulers continued to break out in various places.In this severe situation, Emperor Hanyuan ruled the country with virtue and education in order to ease social conflicts.

In September of the fourth year of Yongguang (40 BC), Emperor Han Yuan ordered the cancellation of some cemetery management agencies and personnel.In October, it ordered the revocation of the management institutions and personnel of the Guozu Temple in each county.When the Yuan Emperor himself started the construction of his mausoleum in Weicheng County, he issued an edict saying: "It is the nature of the people to be nostalgic for their hometown and unwilling to move to another place easily. This is like the mutual attachment of bones and flesh. Recently, the government has used ministers to serve the monarch, and sons to serve their fathers." For the sake of reason, please request to relocate some residents from various counties to serve this cemetery. Doing so will cause the common people to abandon their ancestors’ tombs far away, become bankrupt and unemployed, and their relatives will be separated. If this is the case, the eastern region will suffer man-made losses, and the Guanzhong region will increase the number of people who have no means of living. This is not a way to achieve long-term stability." Then, Emperor Han Yuan ordered to revoke the tomb guards and priests.These measures eased the contradictions to a certain extent and promoted social stability and economic development. Aim in all directions After all, Tang Shuzhen had run across the beach, and her knowledge was much better than that of her mother who had relocated. Refers to doing things according to a certain order, follow a certain procedure. Western Jin·Lu Ji's "Wen Fu": "Look at the past and the present in a moment, touch the world in a moment. Then select the meaning and press the part, and examine the speech. Those who embrace the scenery will knock salty, and those who embrace the sound will complete the bombardment." Lu Ji was a famous writer in the Western Jin Dynasty. His father and grandfather were both generals of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period.Grandfather Lu Xun is especially famous. He once cooperated with Lu Meng to defeat Guan Yu, and later commanded the battle of Yiling, burning the Shu army's company camp and defeating Liu Bei.Lu Ji also served as a general of Wu State when he was young."Wen Fu" written by him is a masterpiece of ancient literary theory, which involves issues such as the content and form of articles, imagination, emotion, and originality.He said in "Wen Fu": "In a short period of time, integrate the past and present, the world and the world together to conceive an article. After conceiving, you must choose the appropriate meaning according to the category, and then consider the use of appropriate diction, so that the colorful things can be read. Incorporate into the article and play a role." Chen Cang: An ancient place name, located in the east of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province today, is the main traffic route leading to Hanzhong.It is a metaphor to confuse the enemy with false appearances, and conduct surprise attacks from the flanks.It is also a metaphor for carrying out activities in secret. "Historical Records Gaozu Benji": "In the first month, Xiang Yu established himself as the overlord of Western Chu, the nine counties of Wang Liang and Chu, and his capital Pengcheng. He broke the contract and made Pei Gong the king of Han. Wangba, Shu, and Hanzhong were all Nanzheng... King Xiang sent 30,000 soldiers to follow him, and tens of thousands of followers of Chu and the princes entered the erosion from Dunan. They went to burn the plank roads to prepare for the princes' robbers to attack. It also showed that Xiang Yu had no intentions... Eight In the month, the king of Han used Han Xin's strategy to return from the old way and attack Yong Wang Zhanghan. Han attacked Han Chencang, Yong was defeated, and returned; the war was stopped, and he was defeated again, and went to waste hills." In the first month of the second year of King Han (205 BC), Xiang Yu established himself as the overlord of Western Chu, ruling the nine counties of Liang and Chu, with Pengcheng as his capital.He betrayed the previous covenant and re-established Liu Bang, the Duke of Pei, as King of Han to rule Ba, Shu and Hanzhong, with Nanzheng as his capital. ... In April, the princes from all walks of life disbanded their armies and returned to their feudal states.When Liu Bang, the king of Han, went to his feudal state, Xiang Yu sent thirty thousand soldiers to follow him. Among the armies of Chu and other princes, there were tens of thousands of people who admired the king of Han and volunteered to follow him.The king of Han led his army into the eclipse from the land of Dunan. After they passed, they burned the plank road to prevent the troops of the princes from attacking. Return to Guanzhong by another road and attack Yongwang Zhanghan.Zhang Han met the Han army at Chencang, and the soldiers of King Yong were defeated and fled. The defeated soldiers of King Yong stopped fleeing at Haofeng, fought with the Han army, failed again, and fled to Feiqiu.The king of Han then pacified Yongdi.The king of Han marched eastward and reached Xianyang, led his army to besiege King Yong in the abandoned hills, and at the same time sent various generals to pacify Longxi, Beidi and Shangjun. cheating flagrant While the vast majority of retail investors were still desperately buying, the market makers had already hidden their positions and withdrew their funds.