Chapter 34 Jin Hailing King - Wan Yanliang
Wan Yanliang (1122-1161), character Yuan Gong, was originally named Digunai.Grandson of Taizu Wanyan Aguda.Launched a coup, killed Xizong, and established himself as emperor.Historical Records: Wan Yanliang was anxious, suspicious, and cruel.After ascending the throne, he moved his capital to Yanjing (now Beijing), which was called Zhongdu. A few years later, he moved his capital to Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan) to actively prepare for the southern invasion. In 1161, Wan Yanliang went south to attack the Song Dynasty.He was defeated by the Song army in Caishi (now northwest of Dangtu, Anhui), fled east to Guazhou (now south of Jiangsu and Yangzhou), was killed by his general Wanyan Yuanyi, and was buried in the outskirts of Yanjing (now southwest of Fangshan County, Beijing) ).His posthumous title is King Yang of Hailing.
Don't lift the cup, don't sing the song, wait for Yinchan to go out to sea.
The title of this poem is "waiting for the moon", which is actually "cutting the clouds and forcing the moon" when viewed from its aggressiveness.The author is Wan Yanliang who killed the emperor and became self-reliant in the history of Jin Dynasty.According to Yue Ke's "History of 硯", Liang "knows books quite well, loves poetry, and his words are always powerful, but yin (yin) has the meaning of not being inferior to others."However, after Jin Taizong Wanyan Sheng (sheng) died, he did not pass the throne to Wanyan Liang, the grandson of Taizu's eldest house, but passed it to Wanyan Liang's cousin Wanyan Dan (dan). "Xizong" in history.He could only temporarily stand under him, eyeing him covetously, always ready to usurp the throne.In the ninth year of Huangtong (1149), Wan Yanliang finally launched a coup, killed Xizong, and changed his name to "Tiande".Five years (1151), the capital was moved to Yanjing (Beijing), and Yanjing was changed to "Zhongdu".In the third year of Zhenglong (1158), in order to facilitate the attack on the Southern Song Dynasty, he ignored the fierce opposition of the Empress Dowager Tudan and the ministers, insisted on going his own way, and then moved south to Bianjing (Kaifeng, Henan).In order to prohibit dissent, the queen mother was executed. "At the age of moving to Bian, toast in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and wait until the moon is not here, write "Magpie Bridge Immortal"" (Yue Ke's "History of the Bridge").
It can be seen from this that this poem was written when Wan Yanliang was full of ambition, eager to remove all obstacles, and waited for the moment to fulfill his ambition of annexing the Southern Song Dynasty and unifying the world.
The upper column of the poem reads "waiting for the moon". Song Taizu, the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty, once expressed the mind of the unified king with "before leaving the bottom of the sea and the thousands of mountains and black mountains, before reaching the sky and the dawn of the world".Here, the author does not lift the golden cup, does not sing the Qing song, and what he is anxiously looking forward to is this magnificent state of lifting the universe and ruling the world.Unexpectedly, a piece of cloud flew over, covering the stars and the moon. "Colorful clouds chasing the moon" and "Clouds breaking through the moon", this should be the hazy, changeable and quiet realm that moon watchers expect; but Wan Yanliang's desire to annex the Central Plains and become the overlord is too urgent to be tolerated Therefore, "a piece of cloud" is transformed into a "obstacle to the sky" in his mind!A piece of cloud covering the sky is a strong reflection of this fear of failure.
The next row goes to the next level to make an exaggerated portrait description.Curly beard, curly beard on the cheek.Qiu beard has always been a symbol of heroism and bravery.The legend of the Tang Dynasty "The Legend of the Curly Bearded Guest" is about a hero.Here, "the beard is twisted and the star eyes are cracked" is used to vividly draw my anxious and irritated mood.What's more, I hate that the sword's edge is not sharp enough, and I can't cut Ziyun at the waist with a single swing, so that the silver toad will go out to sea, and the world will be enlightened!
"Shilin Shihua" records that the Mid-Autumn Festival was gloomy, and Yan Shu, the romantic prime minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, had no intention of entertaining guests.Let it go naturally, but also optimistic and confident, "at night, the fruit moon rises, and then drink happily", how calm, how romantic and free and easy!In contrast, it can be seen that what the Wanyan family is waiting for must not be the moon of appreciation, so it is very anxious!
This song "Magpie Bridge Immortal" also clearly and vividly expresses an anxious, cruel and autocratic imperial mentality.In their minds, not only the people of Li, but also Fengyunyuelu must be dispatched by them and at their mercy.In the second year of Tianshou Tang Dynasty (691), Empress Wu Zetian had not been proclaimed emperor for a long time. In order to prove her authority of "kingdom granted by heaven", she also sent a message to Baihua, "You will go to the garden in the Ming Dynasty, and you will know the spring as soon as possible! The flowers will grow overnight, don't wait for the dawn "Wind blowing" edict?
The concluding sentence of this poem, "Look carefully, Chang'e's posture", literally, seems to be eager to appreciate the beauty of the full moon from an aesthetic point of view.But this kind of aggressive and intense emotion, with fingers raised, eyes pierced, cutting clouds and looking at the moon, shows a strong utilitarian purpose, and it is by no means an aesthetic emotion.It will only make Su'e terrified and Jade Rabbit frightened!
"Yiyuan Orpiment" commented on this word as "slang but powerful".It is more appropriate to say "proud" rather than "dominant".
Yesterday, Qiaocun Yupu, today Qiongchuan Yinzhu. This poem chanting snow has always been praised by people.According to "Yi Jian Zhi": Jin Zhuliang's small words spread to the population.Monk Wang from Jinan can recite the words "Zhaojun's Complaint". The upper part of the poem focuses on the great changes in the natural landscape before and after the snow.Write water first: yesterday's Yupu in the mountain village, today's river flows Qiongyu, and the Pu is dressed in silver.Write again on the mountain: Try rolling the curtain. In the past, the green peaks were all white overnight.The author not only avoids the word "snow", but also uses the color word "white" to describe snow directly.Or use beautiful jade and fine silver to describe it, making people want to see it bright and clean; or using anthropomorphic techniques, a word "old" makes people think of "like blue silk in the morning and snow in the evening", clusters of peaks that turned white all night , its splendor and jade top, isn't it amazing! Xia Wei writes what he sees and doubts after waking up from the sleeping beauty in the brocade tent. "Deep sleep doesn't dissipate residual wine", so I don't know that overnight, Tiansun cuts water and changes the world!Tiansun, star name. "Historical Records · Book of Words of Heaven": "Weaver Girl, the grandson of the Heavenly Lady." Jianshui, "Jianshuihua".Fan Chengda, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote in "Poems of Slight Snow After Spring" that "the Dongjun has not broken the spring pistil, and the young girl first flies and cuts the water flowers".Just imagine that the Weaver Girl cut the crystal clear Milky Way water into six flowers with her slender hands, and sprinkled them to the world, how ethereal and charming!No wonder the beauty asked the "roller" in surprise, "It's a poplar flower, it's a reed flower"!It's the first time I come back from a good dream. Seeing the fragrance of auspicious snow, I don't know the spring and autumn! "Suddenly like a spring breeze overnight, thousands of trees and pear trees bloom";Suspicion of flowers in the form of snow has existed before, but the beauty here is to ask repeatedly, "Is it a poplar flower or a reed flower?"The overnight change after the snow is not only amazing, but also lovable! The upper and lower lines of this poem were written by two people.The "person" in Shangyu is the lyrical protagonist "I", ending with "old mountains and mountains" and focusing on "old".The protagonist of Xiayu is "she", a beauty in brocade tents, focusing on "flowers". It can be imagined that "flowers" are the subconscious continuation of her beautiful dreams. Zhang Yutian's "Etymology" said that Ci is especially difficult to chant things. "If the body is a little real, it will be stuck and not smooth; if the imitation is far away, it will be obscure and unclear."That is to say, being too rigid in the description of the object, or being too far away from the object chanted, will cause the disadvantages of being either dull or obscure.A good poem chanting things, "Non-sticky and not detachable", should not be obsessed with describing the shape of things, but should always be written around "things". spirit.For example, this poem writes Xue with pen and brush, but there is no attachment to Xue's exhaustive description.Only starting from the changes of the mountains and rivers after the snow and the surprise and admiration caused by the falling snowflakes, the state of matter is always integrated with human emotions, ethereal and flowing.Therefore, "Yiyuan Orpiment" commented: "Its chanting of Xue's "Zhaojun's Complaint" and so on is also weird and meaningful."Ban Gu's "Xidu Fu" has "different shapes and tricks, each with different views". "Zhi" refers to the romantic and charming way of expression.Looking at the whole word, the comment of "Opiment" is well deserved!
Thousands of miles of cars and books will be the same, how can there be no other borders in the south of the Yangtze River.