Chapter 24 Tang Xuanzong - Li Longji
Li Longji (685-762), the third son of Ruizong.Succeeded in Zen.Historical records: Li Longji is good at riding and shooting, and he has a good command of rhythm and the study of calendar and image.When he first came to the throne, he rectified the bad government and worked hard to restore Taizong's career.He selected officials, clarified the administration of officials, appointed talented people, and encouraged production. The economic and cultural development of the Tang Dynasty reached its peak, and it was called "the prosperous age of Kaiyuan" in history.Later, he favored traitors such as Li Linfu, and his politics became increasingly corrupt. He was greedy for sensuality, doted on Concubine Yang Guifei, and was extravagant and licentious. The "Anshi Rebellion" broke out in 755, and Li Longji was forced to flee westward. He passed by Mawei Post (now west of Xingping County, Shaanxi Province), and the soldiers mutinied. He had to hang Guifei Yang and continue westward.Prince Li Heng is located in Lingwu (now southwest of Lingwu County, Ningxia), and he is revered as the Supreme Emperor.After returning to Chang'an, he became depressed and became ill. He died in Ganlu Hall and was buried in Tailing Mausoleum (now northeast of Pucheng County, Shaanxi).The temple name is Xuanzong, and the posthumous name is Minghuang.
Li Longji has made important contributions to the development of music, dance and opera in my country.He has loved singing, dancing and drama since he was a child, and worked hard to study Faqu, which has won him the beauty of rhythm.Later generations regarded him as the ancestor god of Liyuan or the sage of opera.He likes poetry and prose, and a collection of essays has been handed down to the world.
Auspicious words, thinking of common principles, learning from dreams and maintaining goodness ①.
①Family words: I am still a family member.Concentrate; single-minded.Words: auxiliary words. "Three Kingdoms · Wu Zhi · Sun Quan Biography": "It is based on the dependents, who are diligent in seeking heroes, and will work together with each other to set the sea together."It means day and night.Wei Liang: A virtuous minister.Dimension: auxiliary word.
②猗欤: Sigh beautiful words.Recommend: choose to choose. "Historical Records Huaiyin Marquis Biography": "When I started as a commoner, I was poor and had no business, so I was not allowed to choose to be an official." Voice performance: reputation and merit.With: obvious, outstanding.Zhou Xing: refers to courtiers.From "Poetry·Zhounan·Juaner" "Put that Zhou Xing", Mao Chuan: "Thinking of gentlemen, officials and sages, place the ranks of Zhou." Zheng Xuanjian: "The ranks of Zhou are also called court officials."
③ Advancement: promotion and appointment in turn.Li Xian: A sage among the common people.This refers to the common people of the Li people.Zhukang: Wealthy and happy.Standing (zhu): accumulation.
④ depending on: look at, treat.Loving a loved one is like hurting: it means cherishing the power of the people. "Zuo Zhuan Ai Gong Six Years": "I heard that the country is prosperous, and it is a blessing to regard the people as hurt." Du Yu's annotation: "If you are hurt, you may be alarmed." And "Mencius Li Louxia": "Wen Wang Treating the people as if they were wounded" means that King Wen of Zhou treated the people as if they had been hurt, so he only comforted them and did not disturb them.
⑤Recitation: That is, reading and speaking.In the Tang Dynasty, schools were set up in the capital city and all prefectures and counties. The courses of each school mainly included the Five Classics (Zhouyi, Shangshu, Mao Zhuan, Rites, Zuo Zhuan) and Xiao Jing, etc.There are two examination methods: reciting (reading) and discussing (speaking).Reciting (reading) requires students to recite fragments of scriptures assigned by the teacher; discourse (speaking) requires students to answer questions about the scriptures raised by the teacher.Qianmo: Field path.Also refers to the field. "Han Shu Biography of Zhao Xinchen": "Bow to persuade the farmers to go in and out of the fields." Persuasion: Encouragement.Gengsang: refers to farming and weaving.
6 Clear knowledge: still clear hope.The so-called reputation of innocence is the "reputation" mentioned above.
⑦ Anzhen: Adhere to the noble morals unwaveringly.
⑧ Litigation and prison must be based on emotion: it means that the judgment of the case and the punishment must be based on the actual situation of the case to make it reasonable. "Zuo Zhuan Ten Years of Zhuang Gong": "The big and small prisons, although you can't detect them, you must use emotion." And "Three Kingdoms Wu Zhi Teng Yin Biography" quotes "Wu Shu" says: "Every time Yin listens to resign the lawsuit, he will be convicted. Law, observing words and demeanor, and being reasonable. People have poor, wronged and sad words, and they shed tears." Chang: Refers to ethics and principles, that is, feudal ethics based on the three cardinal guides and five constant principles. "Guanzi Youguan": "The law is clear to judge the number, and the standing is always ready to be able to rule."
⑨琼 (qiong), also known as "qiong".Originally called no brothers, it was extended to be lonely and helpless. "Zhou Li·Qiu Guan·Da Si Kou" "Qiu, Du, old, and young", Zheng Xuan's note: "Without brothers is called Qi, without children and grandchildren is called Du." "Han Shu Zhang Chang Biography": "I would like to do my best to destroy its tyranny and comfort its weakness." Sui: appease.Strong: Refers to a strong person. "Book of Rites · Qu Lishang": "Forty is said to be strong, and to be an official."
10 Only life: It means to respectfully accept the emperor's order.Only (zhi): respectful.Lu Ji's "Answer to Jia Changyuan" poem: "Only accept the emperor's order, and the cashier will not violate it." Family: Care.Wanfang: Refers to the people of Limin all over the country. "Book·Tang Gao": "Sigh! There are many people in thousands of places, and I will listen to one person."
In the Tang Dynasty, Tang Taizong, Wu Zetian and Tang Xuanzong in the Kaiyuan period were all good at identifying and using talents. This is one of the important reasons why the national power of the Tang Dynasty can develop rapidly and reach its peak.Twenty-four years before Kaiyuan, Tang Xuanzong successively appointed Yao Chong, Song Jing, Zhang Jiazhen, Zhang Shuo, Li Yuanhong, Du Xian, Han Xiu, Zhang Jiuling and others who were famous for their virtuous abilities as prime ministers, and more than once he personally selected among court officials. An official with both political integrity and ability was appointed as the governor of the state.This poem "Giving the Inspectors of Zhuzhou with Inscriptions on the Right" was written when Xuanzong selected and appointed Xu Jingxian and other eleven people as the governors of Guozhou and other eleven states in the 16th year of Kaiyuan. "Tang Poetry Chronicle" contains: "In the sixteenth year of Kaiyuan, the emperor chose his courtiers as the governors of the states. Zhouzhou, Zhengfang Dingzhou, Jiang Tinghuzhou, Peiguan Cangzhou, Cui Cheng Suizhou, all eleven people. Go, order the prime minister, the kings, and the ancestors of the censors above Dao Luobin, hold offerings, play Taichang music, silk boat Play in the water. Order Gao Lishi to give poems, and let the title sit on the right. The emperor personally wrote the book, and gave him a pen and paper, and ordered him to write a poem, and send it with three thousand pieces of silk." Appointing the governors of eleven states at the same time is one of the imperial courts. It is a big event, so Xuanzong ordered the prime minister, the kings, and high-ranking officials above the censor to hold a grand farewell ceremony on the bank of the Luo River. He also wrote poems in person, and ordered Gao Lishi to announce it to the new governors as their motto, and let them Each wrote a poem to show solemnity.
The first two sentences of the poem express my heart, saying that I worry about state affairs day and night, and I want good ministers to rule the world together.Three or four sentences in admiration show that the eleven state governors selected this time have always had outstanding achievements among court officials.The five or six sentences express comfort and expectation to those who are worthy of use, and hope that under the governance of these virtuous ministers, the people of all states will live a prosperous and happy life.These six sentences are written one after another about thinking about the virtuous, selecting the virtuous, and using the virtuous. The rhythm is tight and powerful, and it is the first paragraph of the poem.The second paragraph is from seven to eighteen sentences, a total of twelve sentences, all of which are instructions and warnings to the new governors.Since these exhortations and admonitions include many aspects that the governors are required to practice, they are detailed, so the rhythm of the poem naturally slows down and unfolds slowly.Its general meaning is: treat the people kindly, cherish the power of the people, strictly enforce school education, diligently persuade farmers to plow and weave, maintain a clean name, do not seek false reputation, cultivate morality, stick to integrity, judge cases must be fair, teach the people to focus on principles, and govern While being good to the common people, we must take special care of the orphans, widows, old and weak, and give them the necessary care and protection.At this point, the author paused, and once again used a tone of admiration to encourage the eleven new governors, encouraging them to respectfully accept the emperor's orders, and not to disappoint the emperor's heart of worrying about the country and loving the people.Obviously, the last two sentences, as the last paragraphs of the whole poem, echo the expectation expressed in the first paragraph, and they are also the meaning of the whole poem that the author wants to emphasize.
Regarding the scene of economic prosperity, local prosperity, social stability, and people living and working in peace and contentment in the prosperous Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, the poet Du Fu once described the scene in the poem "Recalling the Past" as follows: The rice is fat and the corn is white, and the public and private warehouses are full of fruit. There are no jackals and tigers on the roads of Kyushu, and the sun rises without trouble when traveling far. Friends are all lacquers. There has been no catastrophe for more than a hundred years, and the rituals and music of uncles and grandchildren are Xiao Helu." This vivid and vivid description is a reflection of Xuanzong's political ideals and his selection of talents in this poem "Giving Zhuzhou Governors with Titles on the Right" The great success achieved by Ren Neng and hard work is an excellent footnote.
Xuanzong's poem is in ancient style, but it has fully absorbed the artistic expression means of modern style poetry.It pays attention to composition, rhythm, and antithesis, and it rhymes to the end, making it catchy to read.When we read the whole poem carefully, it is easy to realize that its three paragraphs are like the twists and turns of calligraphy, which are natural and smooth, flowing in one go, and what runs through it is the wise emperor Xuanzong of the Kaiyuan period who was thinking of talents day and night. Diligently seek cure with enthusiasm.Therefore, although it looks like a feudal emperor's imperial edict written in rhyme, it is full of touching artistic appeal.
Chengtan’s bright mirrors and stones are Cui Wei, thousands of valleys and thousands of rocks are dark and green. Tang Xuanzong's eldest brother Ning Wang Li Xian lived in the mansion in the southeast corner of Shengyefang, Chang'an, Kyoto during the Kaiyuan period. Xuanzong often came to visit, and the brothers loved each other in harmony, and the relationship was very harmonious.Once when Xuanzong came, he and his eldest brother watched the autumn scenery of the palace garden together. They talked and laughed happily, so they wrote this poem "Passing the Big Brother's Mountain Pond and Inscribing the Stone Wall" on the stone wall in the garden. The first sentence "Chengtan, a bright mirror, and a stone, Cui Wei", describes the clear water in the garden of King Ning's Mansion, the tall and magnificent mountains and rocks, and the smooth and clean stone walls where the poem is written.The bright mirror, still called the stone mirror, refers to the stone wall on which the poem is written.There is a saying in Tang Zhongzong's "Shi Cong" poem: "The rock hangs on the stone mirror and hates the spirit of the mountain."The second sentence "Thousands of ravines and thousands of rocks with dark green moss" closely follows the "Shi Cui Wei" in the previous sentence, which further depicts the myriad of rocks in the garden, the beautiful rocks and ravines, and the green moss.With the word "dark", one can see not only the twists and turns of the rocky path in the garden, but also the dense trees and flowers in the garden, so it naturally transitions to the next sentence. "Lin Ting has its own charm of secluded chastity", which describes the tranquil beauty of Lin Ting's secluded chastity, and at the same time praises the seclusion and noble integrity of the owner of Lin Ting.The last sentence points out the seasons and reflects the whole poem, showing that the Ningwang mansion is integrated into a beautiful scene of autumn and refreshing. "Youzhen" can be described as the eye of the whole poem, and it is the key for us to appreciate the artistic realm of the whole poem.In the "Book of Changes · Lu Gua", "walking on the road is frank and honest, and the people are chaste and auspicious". Wei Wangbi commented: "walking on the road should be modest, and if you don't like to be full, you should be sincere, and the evil husband is also a man who pretends to be outside." He also said: "Frank and frank, there is no danger. It is auspicious to live in the secluded and chaste." We know that Ning Wang Li Xian is the eldest son of Emperor Ruizong of Tang Dynasty. Tang Zhongzong came to the throne and changed the title to Song King. When Tang Ruizong considered establishing the East Palace reserve for the second time, Li Xian believed that the third brother Ping Wang Longji (Xuanzong) had the great contribution to reconcile the country by defeating Queen Wei and his followers who poisoned Zhongzong. Therefore, the above table earnestly requests Ruizong to make his third brother the crown prince.After Xuanzong came to the throne, Li Xian, who was enfeoffed as King Ning, was cautious in dealing with things, and never interfered with current affairs, which earned Xuanzong's respect.Here, Xuanzong used "youzhengqu" in his poem to praise his eldest brother Li Xian's noble quality of humility and sincerity, which shows that he never forgets his eldest brother's virtue of giving way. Ning Wang Li Xian died in the winter of the twenty-ninth year of Kaiyuan. "Old Tang Book·Ruizong Zhuzi Biography" says: "(Kaiyuan) twenty-eighth winter, Xian was sick, and (Xuanzong) ordered the Chinese envoy to send medicine and precious meals, and looked at each other on the road. Seng Chongyi healed Xian a little Hey, Shang Dayue, specially bestowed a scarlet robe fish bag to reward Chongyi. Shi Shen Wang (Xuanzong's second brother Li 㧑) and others all passed away. Fortunately, his house has changed time and feasts. There are always wines, cheeses, and special delicacies, etc., and the food director and the four parties have made contributions. If the food is a little sweet, they will all share it. Please enjoy the end of the year It is recorded and paid to the History Museum, with hundreds of papers per year." This record helps us understand the friendship between Xuanzong's brothers and Xuanzong's infinite respect for his elder brother shown in this poem. Xuanzong's poem is implicit in purpose, in harmony with emotion and scenery, fresh in style, and harmonious in sound and rhyme. It is completely in the style of Tang poetry. Although the rhythm is not close to the style, it does not hinder its natural flow. "New Book of Tang Literature and Art Biography" once commented on the style of writing in the Kaiyuan period: "Xuanzong was good at Confucianism, but the officials were a little tired of carving. From the artistic style of Pond Titles and Stone Walls, we can also get a glimpse of the advocacy role played by Xuanzong's poetry creation in the formation of the poetic style of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
There are only five of my brothers, compared to Fang Bo ①, and when they meet each other at the age of one, although they are on the screen of Chongfan ②, they talk and laugh, so they are shepherds and each of them keeps his post in Beijing ③.After listening to the government, he extended to the palace, applied for You Yu Zhizhi ④, chanted Chang Di's poems ⑤, Yongyongru, Yiyiru ⑥, and showed the love of the family.In autumn and September in Xinyou, there are thousands of wagtails, which gather in the garden tree of Linde Hall, and they are unexpectedly ten days old.Flying and shaking, you can get the fun of being in the original place ⑧.Kunji Xiangle ⑨, those who look at it for a long time.Forced without fear, Xiangji is free.I thought I was a bird with no ambitions.Zuo Qingdao led the prefect Shi Wei Guangcheng ⑩, a talented white phoenix ⑪, arguing a strong green rooster ⑫, with his grandeur and knowledge, he called to Xuanjian, previewed its events ⑬, and offered his praises.Those who praise their husbands, so they brag about their virtues and praise their success⑭, and they are sincere and responsible.The beauty is Binwei⑮, bowing down and singing the same cloud.Yiwoxuan official⑯, strange trees and green onions, amiable Zhou Luxi⑰.The frost stops the snow, and the luxuriance is joyful, and the volume is comfortable.The branches are flourishing together, and the spit is green and full of beauty, and it is the beginning of spring.The mat is closed to the imperial festival ⑱, the cold dew is slightly knotted, and the qi is clear and empty.The Orchid Hall of the Guigong Palace is the only place where the banquet is held, and it lives in the Yongqu Xi⑲.Walking, shaking and flying, there is love in adversity, and there is more than love.Gu Weide is cool⑳, and he is apprehensive all night long, feeling ashamed and sparse.What is taught at the top and what is effective at the bottom is really more than enough.The nature of the family relationship, the separation of government between Lu and Wei, and relatives and virtuous people live here.Yuan tour Yuan place, Yuan laugh Yuan language ㉒, patrol the court to eliminate Xi ㉓.Looking at this flying bird, it pleases my heart, and it is a good history book. ① Fang Bo: The head of one of the princes. "Book of Rites King System": "A Fang Bo is set up thousands of miles away." ② Fan screen: The original meaning is to defend, here refers to the fan country. "Book of Jin·Min Wang Cheng Biography": "The screen of the great king's clan." ③ Shepherd: the herdsman, referring to the local official who governs the people.The kings of the Tang Dynasty had no fiefdoms, and they had to add additional official positions to serve as local officials. ④Friendship: It refers to the friendship between brothers. "Shangshu Junchen": "Only filial piety, friendship with brothers." ⑤Chang Di: "Poetry Xiaoya" has "Chang Di", which is said to be a song of feasting brothers composed by Zhou Gong, and later it was used as a metaphor for brothers. ⑥Yong Yongru: The appearance of harmony.Yi Yiru: Looks happy. ⑦ Linde Hall: The name of the inner hall of Tang Daming Palace. ⑧ In the original: "Poetry Xiaoya Changdi" has the sentence "The ridge order is in the original, and the brothers are in distress", the ridge order is the wagtail.Later, because "Zaiyuan" or "鸰yuan" was used as a metaphor for brotherly love and help in times of crisis, it was also used as a synonym for brothers. 9 Kunji: Brother Judah.The elder is Kun, and the young is Ji. 10 Zuo Qingdao led the history of the governor: the prince of the East Palace was an official. ⑪Caixiong Baifeng: Said to be good at writing.Volume 2 of Jin Gehong's "Xijing Miscellaneous Notes": "Yang Xiong wrote "Taixuan Jing", dreamed of a white phoenix, collected on "Xuan", and disappeared in an instant." Baifeng, a phoenix.Later, "Baifeng" or "Tufeng" was used as a metaphor for writing ability. ⑫Bianzhuang Biji: It means to be knowledgeable and knowledgeable. "Han Shu Jiaosi Zhi": "It may be said that Yizhou has a god of golden horse and green rooster, which can be sacrificed, so he sent an admonishing doctor Wang Bao to hold the festival and ask for it." Ruchun notes: "The shape of gold is like a horse. The shape of Bi looks like a chicken." Feng Yan's "Book with Deng Yu" in the Later Han Dynasty said: "Yan thought that writing the gods lost the meaning, so the theory of Liaocheng and the debate about Biji are not difficult enough." ⑬Pre: Tong "and".participate. ⑭ "Fu Song" three sentences: Describe the meaning of "Mao Poems Preface". "Mao Poetry Preface": "The eulogist, the description of Meishengde, is also the one who tells the gods with his success." ⑮ Binwei: Wencai Huasheng. ⑯Xuan Palace: Refers to Linde Hall. ⑰Ai Zhou Luxi: It is said that the trees in front of the palace are luxuriant and gratifying.Ai: The appearance of lush trees.The guard houses around the palace in the Qin and Han Dynasties were called Zhou Lu.Ban Gu's "Xidu Fu": "There are thousands of columns in Zhoulu, and the roads are wrong." ⑱ Harvest Festival: It means entering autumn.Rushou: the god of Siqiu. "Book of Rites Moon Order": "The moon of Mengqiu...its emperor is Shaohao, and its god harvests." Yu: Rule. ⑲Yongqu: That is, wagtail.Zhu Junsheng's "Shuowen Tongxun Dingsheng": "This bird likes to fly and sings, and its sound is harmonious with Yongyong." Yongqu also resembles its song. ⑳Deliang: Juliangde.It is said that virtue is shallow.Here is the word for self-effacement.Tang Xuanzong's poem "Early Climbing Taihang Mountain Zhongyan Zhi": "Liang De is ashamed of the sages, Hui You admires the former emperor." ㉑ Lu Wei Separation of Government: It means that brothers live in harmony. "The Analects of Confucius Zilu": "The Master said: The government of Lu and Wei is brothers." Wei Heyan's "Jijie" quoted Bao as saying: "Lu is the title of Duke Zhou; Wei is the title of Uncle Kang. Duke Zhou and Uncle Kang are brothers. Uncle Kang is sympathetic to the Duke of Zhou, and the government of his country is like a brother." ㉒ Two sentences of "Yuyou": "Poetry Xiaoya Sigan" has two sentences "Yu Juyuan, Yuanxiao Yuanyu". ", so change "ju" to "you". ㉓ Court removal: the steps before the court; in the courtyard.Except: steps. Tang Xuanzong's "Ode to the Wagtail" uses the chanting of the wagtail flying in the Linde Palace to sing about the friendship between brothers, integrating narrative, chanting, and expressing emotion.Regarding the two poems in "Shi·Xiaoya·Chang Di", "The ridge order (wagtail) is in the original, brothers are in dire straits", the classic interpretation of the Han Dynasty said: "The ridge order is also the Yongqu. Flying makes a sound, and walking makes a shake." , Can’t let go of one’s ears. In adversity, say that brothers will help each other in adversity.” (Mao Zhuan) also said: “Yongqu, a water bird, is now in the original place, and when it is out of its usual place, it flies and sings, seeking its kind, and its nature is also. Brothers are in dire need." (Zheng Xuanjian) Comparing wagtails to brothers is derived from this. Xuanzong originally had six half-brothers, Xuanzong was the third, and his sixth brother Li Longti, King of the Sui Dynasty, died young.During the Kaiyuan period, Xuanzong's eldest brother Li Xian was King Ning, his second brother Li 㧑 was King Shen, his fourth brother Li Fan was King Qi, and fifth brother Li Ye was King Xue.In the ninth year of Kaiyuan, all the kings returned to Chang'an, the capital, and gave them houses outside the palace to live in.According to the "Old Tang Book·Ruizong Zhuzi Biography" records the friendship and love between Xuanzong and his brothers: "Xian Yu gave a house in the southeast corner of Shengye (Chang'an Shengyefang), and Shen Wang 㧑 and Qi Wang Fan gave a house in the southeast of Anxingfang. , Xue Wangye gave a house in the northwest corner of Shengye. The mansion faced each other and surrounded the side of the palace. Xuanzong built a building in the southwest of Xingqing Palace. The west side was inscribed as "the building where the calyx shines with each other" and the south side was inscribed as "the building of diligent government affairs". '. When Emperor Xuanzong went to the tower, he heard the sound of the music of the kings, and he was called to the tower to have a feast with him, or he was fortunate enough to be rewarded with money and silk. The kings met at the side door every day. After returning to the house, Playing music and drinking, playing cockfights, or hunting poultry in the suburbs, or chasing rewards in villas, the years have passed. In the places where you practice, the Chinese envoys look at each other, thinking that the emperor's friendship is incomparable in ancient times, and the old people are inseparable." King Shen died of illness in Kaiyuan. In the twelfth year, the preface of Xuanzong's "Ode to the Wagtail" said "My brothers are only five", because it is known that the poem was written between the ninth year and the twelfth year of Kaiyuan, which was the heyday of the Tang Dynasty. The whole poem has a total of thirty-three sentences, which can be divided into five paragraphs.From the first sentence to "the qi is clear and empty" is the first paragraph, which describes the changes in the scenery of Linde Hall in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and focuses on describing the autumn scenery, that is, the time when the poem was written.From "Gui Dian Lan Gong" to "Love is more than Xi" is the second paragraph. It is written that wagtail birds live in groups in Linde Hall. Poetry, cherish brotherhood.From "Gu Wei De Liang" to "Shi Yu Xi" is the third paragraph. The author thinks of his virtue and dare not slack off state affairs.The fourth paragraph is from "The Nature of the Family" to "Tourating the Court and Expelling the Xi".From "watching this flying bird" to the last sentence is the fifth paragraph, writing about watching wagtails soaring with brothers, which is entertaining and enjoyable. The historian recorded this happy and friendly scene. The form of the poem adopts Sao style, and its writing technique should be based on Qu Yuan's "Ode to Orange".We read this "Ode to the Wagtail" and "Ode to Orange" in comparison, and we can see that the two have the following similarities and differences in artistic expression: First, the entire text of "Ode to Orange" is mainly composed of four-character sentences, and its approach is to make two sentences with one meaning, the first sentence states, and the next sentence expresses meaning.For example: "Blue and yellow are mixed, the article is rotten", "green and yellow are mixed" is a statement, "article is rotten" is expressive; "the essence is white inside, the class is free", "the essence is white inside" is a statement, " "Like Ren Daoxi" expresses meaning; "Independence does not move, why not be happy", "Independence does not move" is a statement, "How can you not be happy" is expressive, and so on. "Ode to the Wagtail" is composed of four-character sentences throughout, and its method is three sentences with one meaning.There are twelve sentences in the first paragraph. The first two sentences of every three sentences are statements, and the last sentence is a description.For example, "Yiwoxuan Palace, with strange trees and green onions, and Zhou Luxi." There are six sentences in the second paragraph. , There is love in urgent need, and there is more than love.” Three sentences, the first two sentences are statements, and the last sentence expresses meaning.There are six sentences in the third paragraph, and every three sentences are the statement of the first two sentences, and the expression of the last sentence.For example, "Gu Weide is cool, anxious all night long, and ashamed and sparse." There are six sentences in the fourth paragraph, and three sentences in the fifth paragraph, each of which is a whole statement. Second, "Ode to Orange" sings about things without being stuck with things. The author uses oranges as a metaphor for himself, blending things with himself, and the author's love for the motherland runs through the whole article. "Ode to the Wagtail" is also a chanting of things but not stagnation in things. The author uses the wagtail to sing his feelings, and the narrative, scene description, and lyricism are intertwined and integrated. The author and his brothers get together throughout the whole article. . Third, "Ode to Orange" uses two sentences as a unit, and the rhyme used in the whole article is relatively free. "Ode to Wagtail" is composed of three sentences, the first two sentences of each unit rhyme, and the third sentence rhymes with the whole text (the rhyme is before the word "Xi", and this rhyme method is also the same as "Ode to Orange"). The artistic structure of the article is more delicate and complete.This is certainly due to the influence of the era when poetry developed to its peak in the Tang Dynasty, but it mainly reflects the ingenuity of Tang Xuanzong, an emperor who is well versed in the beauty of rhythm, in his artistic conception and his outstanding talent in poetry creation. The preface of this poem "Ode to the Wagtail" explains that in order to record the grand event of the wagtail flying to the Linde Hall and the happy gathering of the brothers, the author specially invited Wei Wei, an official of the East Palace Prince who is good at writing and knowledgeable. Guang Cheng came to compose poems together to add to the fun, but there are no Wei Guangcheng poems left in the "Quan Tang Poetry" today. It seems that his poems are not very good, so they are all lost to oblivion.
The sun is not a special custom ②, and the sky is full of Jiahui ③.