Chapter 15 Subtract Magnolia · Guangchang Road

The sky is all white, and the situation of marching in the snow is even more pressing. . . , 100,000 workers and peasants went to Ji'an. This poem was first published in the May 1962 issue of "People's Literature". Like "Like a Dream Order·New Year's Day", "Mulan Flower·Guangchang Road" is also a work on the marching road. From February 7th to 9th, 1930, the Red Army and the Jiangxi local party committee, chaired by Mao Zedong, held a meeting in Pitou Village, Donggu District, Ji'an, Jiangxi. regime, the struggle for revolution was first won in Jiangxi.In the middle of the month, Mao Zedong led an army from Wenchang in southern Jiangxi to Ji'an. This poem was written on the way to the north. Although it was improvised immediately, it was full of passion, rich in meaning, novel in conception, and vigorous in writing.

Ordinary Xiaoling, because of its short length, is easy to be restricted in pen and ink, and it is difficult to move up and down. This "Mulan Flower in Reduced Characters·Guangchang Road" has ups and downs. The broad background also sets the tone for the entire story.After sketching out the vast background, he turned to writing about people and painted a picture of marching in the snow.The Red Army soldiers were not afraid of the severe cold, and marched against the wind and snow. "Marching in the snow is more urgent."The first sentence not only describes the natural environment when marching in the snow, but also shows the military situation and social environment at that time. The brave and fearless spirit of the Red Army soldiers can be seen.Marching in the snow, although there is no lack of ambition, but what is the result?The poet then did not write directly, but transcribed other things in the language of images.The majestic high mountain stands in front of you, and seems to be on top of people's heads. It seems to be an insurmountable barrier. However, "The wind blows the red flag over the pass", here it does not directly write people, but writes about the red flag, but it is not difficult to imagine, The real passers-by are human beings. In the flying snow, the red flags were blown by the wind, and the Red Army soldiers easily crossed the ancient pass on the mountain. Although the difficulties were great, they could pass them at one stroke without any difficulty. How heroic this is spirit!The wind, snow and severe cold not only highlighted the harshness of the environment, but also brought out the ambition and pride of the people.Although the people are not directly described here, they are actually written with the help of the flag, reflected by the red flag, showing the courageous, indomitable and unyielding character of the Red Army of workers and peasants, as well as the spirit of not being afraid of difficulties and perseverance, virtual and real, straight and profile, realistic And romance is naturally integrated here.Judging from the emotional strength expressed by the words, if the situation written in the first sentence is not optimistic, then the second sentence is obviously passionate and enthusiastic, first suppressing and then rising, and thus completing a ups and downs.The first part of the poem depicts the marching scene, while the second part indicates the purpose and direction of the march.After describing the flying snow in the sky and the red flag in the wind, he asked the question: "Where is this trip?" Then he answered: "Where the Ganjiang River is full of wind and snow." The answer did not specify the specific direction of the march. , but just the wind and snow on the Ganjiang River.The wind and snow are boundless, the road is far away, it seems that there are many difficulties and ruggedness, and the thoughts of the words seem a little low and confused so far.But immediately after the last sentence: "The order was issued yesterday, and one hundred thousand workers and peasants will go to Ji'an." Clearly pointing out the ultimate goal of the army's expedition, he immediately raised his emotions. Millions of armed workers and peasants who have been awakened and organized by the revolution are rushing to the battlefield with vigor and confidence. Before them, there are no insurmountable difficulties and no invincible places.At this point, the word has completed a greater ups and downs, suppressing first and then rising, with the emphasis on the last, which completely changes the emotion and atmosphere of the whole article.

The whole poem is as clear as words, yet full of changes, with its own waves, and at the same time, it also pays attention to deliberation and exercise. The sentence "Marching in the snow is more urgent" was originally "Marching in the snow without green cypresses" when it was first published, and it was changed from "no green cypresses" to "Love is more urgent" when it was finalized.Pines and cypresses are not afraid of severe cold and are evergreen. Since ancient times, they have been regarded as a symbol of firm character. There is a saying in the Chinese saying, "When the year is cold, you will know that the pines and cypresses will wither afterward."If you say bluntly in this poem that "the march in the snow has no green cypresses", it is certainly a real scene, and it is all right. However, "no green cypresses" only means that the vast snow field is all white, which is exactly the same as the previous writing "the sky is all white". .After changing "Wu Cui Bai" to "Love is more pressing", it not only writes about snow and people, but also directly writes about people's hearts. Scenery, events, and emotions are all present in this sentence.In addition, in the sentence "one hundred thousand workers and peasants go to Ji'an", the word "xia" is very common, but it is extremely precise and powerful when used here.Ji'an is in the middle reaches of the Ganjiang River, in the middle of Jiangxi Province, and Guangchang is in the upper reaches of the Ganjiang River. From Guangchang to Ji'an, not only is it from top to bottom in terms of geographical situation, but the word "down" also highlights one of the goals of this military operation. Sure.At the same time, the word "Xia" also shows the speed of this military operation, implying the firm belief and strength of the poet and the Red Army soldiers under his command. The word "Xia" is extremely concise, and here it is not only accurate, but also has a clear conception and rich meaning.From the chronological point of view, some places in the words are intentionally reversed. According to common sense, the order is issued first, and the military operation is started later. Where? Before the Ganjiang Wind and Snow", but the words are reversed in the words, first called the marching target, "wind and snow", the road is long, the task is difficult and dangerous, and the emotion seems to be low, but then it is called "one hundred thousand workers and peasants "Under Ji'an", which reversed the mood again, so that the whole article finally ended with Yang, like a drum drum, inspiring.

In Mao Zedong's poems, the image of "red flag" often appears. In addition to the "wind rolls the red flag over the pass" in this poem, it is also like "the red flag leaps over the Tingjiang River" ("Qingpingle·Jianggui War" ), "The wind shows the red flag as picturesque" ("Like a Dream Order · New Year's Day"), "The Red Flag Sweeps the West Wind" ("Qingpingle · Liupan Mountain"), etc., the reason is that it can be said that the red flag is the poet's eyes. The real scene, but more importantly, is because the red flag is the flag of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants, a concrete symbol of the Chinese revolution, and an excellent sustenance of the poet's pride.In addition, in terms of actual creative effect and aesthetics, "a little red in a thousand green bushes", the bright and enthusiastic red flag is also suitable for forming a sharp contrast with the surrounding environment, making the original monotonous environment full of vitality immediately, and at the same time more It highlights the spirit and strength represented by the red flag itself.In this poem, the fluttering red flag is in stark contrast to the white snow in the sky, and the contrast between red and white is clear.It is conceivable that in the snow all over the sky, looking from a distance, the red flags seem to be calling people, giving people infinite warmth and confidence.If the ancient poetry described "the red flag is frozen by the wind" (Cen Shen's "Bai Xuege Sending Judge Wu Returns to Beijing") makes people feel cold and dreadful, then the "wind blows the red flag over the pass" here, It makes people exhilarated suddenly, and the fiercer the wind and snow, the more it can arouse the soaring passion of revolutionary fighters.

This song "Mulan Flower in Reduced Characters·Guangchang Road" is concise and plain, clear and clear, and at the same time, it is full of ups and downs and rhythms. The selection of images and the choice of words and sentences are all ingenious and wonderful.The whole article is condensed in quality, with profound and grand meanings, filled with an optimistic atmosphere, and surging with high-spirited passion.The words do not avoid the difficulties on the revolutionary journey. While being shocked and infected by the undaunted spirit and indomitable belief of the majority of workers and peasants, they also clearly understand the difficulties and obstacles on the journey and feel that the success of the revolution is not easy. .As the ancients said, "I can recognize the beauty of the emperor's poems, and they are in the mountains and rivers" (Lu You's "Poetry on Xiao Yanyu's Talented Talents in Luling" No. 2 of 2), good poems and essays are based on fiery life and real Feelings, as long as you truly write what you have experienced in your body and what you feel in your heart, it does not need to be carved, and it is a masterpiece.This little order is taken from the revolutionary journey, which naturally closely combines pride and reality, realism and romance. It has both inspiring power and enduring artistic charm.