Chapter 12 Qingpingle·Jianggui War

The situation changed suddenly, and the warlords resumed fighting. , A pillow of yellow beams reappears. , Straight down to Longyan Shanghang. , Dividing the land is really busy. This poem was first published in the May 1962 issue of "People's Literature". "Qingpingle·Jianggui War" is a typical horseback poem, which records Mao Zedong's revolutionary war years. In April 1962, Mao Zedong combined this poem together with five other poems ("Picking Mulberries·Chongyang", "Reducing Magnolias·Guangchang Road", "Butterfly Love Flower·From Tingzhou to Changsha", "The Pride of Fishermen· "Anti-First Great "Encirclement and Suppression"", "Yujiaao·Anti-Second Great "Encirclement and Suppression"") records and sent to "People's Literature" published the following brief explanation: "These six poems are from 1929-1931. It was hummed on horseback, but I forgot about it. The comrades in the editorial department of "People's Literature" collected it and sent it to me for publication. I made some minor revisions, and I will post it."

From March to May 1929, war broke out between Chiang Kai-shek and the Guangxi warlords Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi.Zhu De and Mao Zedong led the Fourth Red Army to take advantage of this favorable opportunity to carry out armed struggle and mobilize the masses in southern Jiangxi to carry out the agrarian revolution, successively occupied Xingguo, Ningdu, Ruijin, Yudu, Guangchang and other counties, and then advanced into western Fujian to occupy Changting City. From May to June, Zhu Mao's Red Army entered western Fujian again, and went to Longyan City three times.So far, the western Fujian revolutionary base centered on the five counties of Longyan, Shanghang, Yongding, Liancheng and Changting has initially formed.Seeing that the Red Army continued to grow, Chiang Kai-shek hastily mobilized troops from Fujian, Guangdong, and Jiangxi provinces to launch the first "conference suppression" against the Soviet Area in western Fujian and the Red Army.After receiving information about Jiang's attack, the main force of the Fourth Red Army first marched towards central Fujian, and then turned back to the Soviet area in western Fujian, linking Kexi South and Zhangping, making Longyan defend the enemy and flee.At the same time, the West Fujian Special Committee organized guerrilla warfare, forcing the Jiangxi and Guangdong enemies to retreat to Changting, Liancheng, and Yongding. On September 21, the Fourth Red Army captured Shanghang and then Wuping, defending Yongding and abandoning the city.The enemy's "meeting suppression" in western Fujian ended in failure. In October, the Jianggui War broke out again.In this situation, Zhu Mao's Red Army entered Fujian for the third time and captured Shanghang.So far, the revolutionary base areas in western Fujian have included Changting, Shanghang, Liancheng, Yongding, Longyan, Wuping, Ningyang, and Zhangping. Nearly a million people in areas hundreds of miles away have been liberated. With the agrarian revolution, the revolutionary forces were able to develop.Mao Zedong was inspired by this victory and also inspired by the prospect of revolution, so the poem "Qingpingle·Jianggui War" was hummed again on horseback.

In May 1962, when "People's Literature" published this poem, there was only the Ci Pai "Qing Ping Le", and there was no writing time.However, as early as 1959, the editorial department of People's Literature collected this poem, and the title of the poem in its manuscript is "March into Fujian".The sentence "Warlords start the war again" in the word is "Ninggui's great war", and "Clean up a piece of Jin'ou" is transcribed as "Clean up the remnants of Zhang Lu". In "Chairman Mao's Poems" published by People's Literature Publishing House in December 1963, the title "Jianggui War" has been added to this poem, and the writing time is "Autumn 1929".It can be seen that the poet Mao Zedong also carefully polished and revised this poem.

This poem truly reflects the political situation and revolutionary situation at that time.As early as October 1928, Mao Zedong pointed out: "The four factions of Jiang Gui, Feng Yan, the new warlords of the Kuomintang, had a temporary unity with Zhang Zuolin before Beijing and Tianjin were captured. After Beijing and Tianjin were captured, this unity was immediately disbanded and became In the fierce struggle among the four factions, the Jiang and Gui factions are preparing for war." Therefore, "the situation suddenly changed, and the warlords resumed the war" was indeed within Mao Zedong's expectation.Although the poem begins with "a sudden change in the situation", Mao Zedong, as a politician and military strategist, has no sense of a sudden change in the current situation.It was a rhetorical choice for him to start like this.This "mutation" is just another change in the war situation in the Chinese society since the 1911 Revolution of 1911.China's warlords, large and small, compete with each other from time to time for their own interests. The word "heavy" in "The Warlords Restart the War" reveals the historical fact that the warlords have been fighting for years.The warlords' melee caused the people to live in poverty and displacement. Therefore, the melee "sprayed to the world is all resentment."However, even if the warlords were "successful" in their scramble for power and profit, it could only be a "reappearance of the past".Obviously, Mao Zedong compared the ambition of Chiang Kai-shek and other new warlords to conquer China by force to an unrealizable dream.

The second part of the poem immediately described the gratifying situation of the revolutionary struggle with brisk brushstrokes. "The red flag jumped over the Tingjiang River and went straight down to Longyan to Shanghang. It's really busy to clean up the Jinou and divide the fields." with joy.Tingjiang River, originating from Dabei Mountain in Shanling Mountains in the northeast of Changting County in western Fujian, flows through Changting, Wuping, Shanghang and Yongding counties. It is the third largest river in Fujian and flows into Hanjiang River at Sanheba in Dapu County, Guangdong Province .Longyan was a county in southwestern Fujian at that time; Shanghang was a county in southwestern Fujian adjacent to Guangdong.When the Red Army arrived here, they attacked the local tyrants, divided the fields, and the poor turned over. The "Jin Ou" in "Clean up a piece of Jin Ou" is a small basin or small bowl made of gold in ancient times.Emperor Liang Wu of the Southern and Northern Dynasties once compared the country to the Golden Ou: "My country is like the Golden Ou, without any wounds." Mao Zedong continued to use the allusion here--however, this Jin Ou has been broken, because the warlords divided China into pieces, so the author puts The revolutionary base area I established with the strategic thinking of separatist regimes with the armed forces of workers and peasants is compared to cleaning up a piece of gold. The term "cleaning up" seems to be colloquial, but it has its origins.Clean up, pick up, recover, rectify.There is a sentence in Yue Fei's "Man Jianghong": "We need to clean up the old mountains and rivers from scratch."Chairman's words, or from here?