Chapter 38 Drinking Twenty Poems (Nine)

In the early morning, when I hear the knock on the door, I turn my clothes back and open it.Ask who the son is for, Father Tian has a good intention.Seeing you from afar, Huyou suspects that I am good at the time: "Under the eaves of thatched grass, it is not enough to live high. The whole life will be the same, and I hope you will smear the mud." You can learn from sincerity, and you are not a fan if you go against yourself! Let’s enjoy this drink together, and I will never go back.” The ninth poem in the "Drinking" series, "Knocking at the Door in the Morning", is a hypothetical question and answer poem to express the poet's determination to live in seclusion and reject officialdom.This poem has always been valued by people. It enables people to have a clearer understanding of Tao Yuanming's life after retiring, as well as his understanding and thinking about "official" and "hermit".

The poem begins with the knock on the door in the morning, and the whole article is in a natural and harmonious atmosphere.Early in the morning, the poet heard someone knocking on the door. He got up in a hurry, and rushed to open the door without even caring about putting on his clothes. "Inverting the clothes", using the meaning of "the east is not clear, the clothes are reversed" in "The Book of Songs·Qi Feng", humorously writes about the poet's rush to welcome guests early in the morning. "Who is the son asking for? Father Tian has a good heart", who is the person who asked?It turned out that an old farmer came to greet him. "I see you from afar, and you doubt me and Shibai", these two sentences are the poet's retelling of Tian's father's intention of coming: he came to visit with a wine jug from afar, in order to suspect that I was contrary to the times.In the next four sentences, I recorded Father Tian's words of persuasion.The father of Tian didn't mean to agree with the social atmosphere at that time, he just felt that the poet was so shabby and lived in a low thatched hut, it was too wronged, and it was really not a place for high scholars to live in seclusion. "捀绝", same as "ragged". "Shangtong" means to be in the same boat. "Chuqi mud" comes from "Chu Ci·Yufu": "The sage does not stagnate in things, but can move with the world; the world is turbid, why not smash the mud and raise the waves?" , don't be alone.The next six sentences are the poet's answer to Tian's father, which can also be regarded as the author's self-encouraging words: I am deeply grateful for the old man's kind advice, but my disposition and temperament cannot be in harmony with the world; Returning to the car and re-entering the official career, it is true that you can follow others, but it is against your own wishes and original intentions, isn't it too muddled?Let's drink happily for now, my car can't turn around!Although the tone is humble and tactful, how resolute is the attitude of unwillingness to join forces with the world and determined to take the road of hermit! "I can't drive back", this is the poet's last oath!

From the point of view of the artistic conception of the poem, the whole piece is set as a question and answer, which is similar to the piece of "Chu Songs The Fisherman".And not only are they similar in shape, but also in spirit.Judging from the content of the poem, Qu Zi's upright spirit of "the whole world is turbid and I am alone" is also inherited and carried forward by the poet.Although Tao Yuanming was not "haggard in color and haggard in appearance" like Qu Zi, judging from what Father Tian said about "the wisps of thatched eaves", his life was also extremely simple.Therefore, his preference to stay poor and humble, and his refusal to be an official, are as commendable as Qu Zi.In addition, the poet writes the trivial things in daily life, such as opening the door to welcome guests, chatting with wine, into his poems, and writes them in a friendly, natural, rich, flavorful, simple and moving way, which is also the sublime point of his works.The whole article seems to be soothing, but in the superficially sloppy writing, there is a noble spirit that is not in the world.