Chapter 76 An Attempt to Revaluate All Values ​​The Will to Power Section VIII

the will to power attempt to revaluate all values Section VIII <646> Analogy, for example, to our memory analogy, there is another compelling memory related to heredity, development, and form.Belonging to our inventions and experiments is also the invention of a tool for a new purpose, etc. What we call "consciousness" is not responsible for our basic processes of preservation and growth; perhaps no mind ever grew so sensitive as to be capable of conceiving anything other than a machine - any organic process are far superior to machines. <494> Our "knowledge" cannot go beyond just enough to preserve life.Morphology tells us how intellectual, neurological, and brain development is proportional to nutritional impairment.

<630> I am careful not to speak of the "laws" of chemistry.Because I despise the stink of morality.On the contrary, it is a matter of relations of power that the strong should be the master of the weak, as long as the weak cannot preserve their independence. ——Here, there is no sympathy, no tolerance, let alone the dignity of "law"! <637> Even in the Inorganic Kingdom, the Force Atom has to take into account its immediate neighbors.Because the various forces that are far away maintain a balance of power.Here lies the core of the vision that explains why a living organism gradually becomes "egoistic."

<655> The weak cling to the strong in order to survive, they want to find shelter and, if possible, to become one with the strong.The strong want to defend themselves, and he does not want to go to destruction in this way; on the contrary, he would rather split himself into two or more in the process of growth.The greater the tendency towards unity, the closer the relationship with the weak will be; while the requirements become more and smaller, and the inner decomposition of the requirements is stronger, the greater the accumulation of power. The desire to attach to something, the desire to reject something, is the bond of union alike in the inorganic and organic worlds.Clear separation is prejudice.

More precisely, the will to power in all combinations of forces is to resist the strong and bully the weak. Remarks: ——The process is the "essence". <520> Continuous transitions do not allow talking about "individuals" and so on.Because, the "number" of essence itself is in change.We would be ignorant of time and motion if we did not believe—in a superficial way—that we saw “things at rest” as well as things in motion.Similarly, we do not know cause and effect, and without the erroneous concept of "emptiness", we would not think of the concept of space at all.The identity theorem is based on "impressions", that is, there are identical things.A world of becoming is, strictly speaking, simply incapable of "understanding" and "knowledge"; the existence of something called "knowledge" can only be known when: the "understanding", "Cognitive" intelligence finds a crude world already created; it consists of pure appearance, but has become solid, because this illusion preserves life—because there is something like" "knowledge" exists; for past and recent mistakes can be examined in turn.

<642> The connection between the inorganic world and the organic world must be in the repulsive force produced by every atom of force. "Life" should be defined in such a way that it is the permanent form of a definite process of forces in which different, struggling forces grow unevenly.No matter how great the resistance in the submissive position, it never relinquishes its inherent power.In order, there is also the problem of acknowledging that the absolute power of the opponent has not been defeated, assimilated, or dispelled. "Obey" and "order" are forms of the confrontation game.

<988> These new philosophers begin by articulating actual hierarchies—ah!They hoped for the reconciliation of man, the opposite of equality, they taught total alienation, they opened up gaps never before seen, and they made man more malevolent than ever.Sometimes they even look like passers-by, keeping each other's hands.For various reasons, they must become hermits, even wear masks - but these are not suitable for those who seek them.They have to live alone, perhaps to experience the torments of loneliness.But if they had come together by accident, I dare say they would not recognize each other, or cheat each other.

<1062> If the world has a purpose, it must be achieved.If it is possible to achieve permanence, solidification, and "existence" for the world, then all changes may have come to an end long ago.That is to say, the end of all thinking, all "spirit". The fact that "spirit" is the fact of becoming proves that the world has no purpose, no final state, and cannot reach the level of "existence". —But the old habit of believing that phenomena have a purpose, of a guiding and creative God in the world, is so influential that thinkers have taken pains to conceive no longer of the purposelessness of the world as a means of action. intention.Whoever wants to proclaim the power of the world to create eternally new things, finite, definite, invariant in size, like the world, whoever proclaims the miraculous, reshaping of world forms and conditions, must suddenly The idea arises that, in this way, the world will deliberately avoid its purpose, and even know how to artificially prevent it from falling into a certain cycle.The world, if not God, should be capable of divine creativity, infinite works of creation; it should spare no effort to prevent repetition of old forms; it should have not only the intention but the means of preventing repetition; that is, It should take care, at all times and everywhere, that any of its actions avoid purpose, finality, and repetition—all of which may be the result of a queer and unnatural way of thinking and wishing.It's always been the old religious way of thinking and wishing, the longing to think that the world exists somewhere as well as the old, lovely, infinite, creative God - that somewhere "the old God is alive" ——.Spinoza's longing is expressed in the discourse of "God is nature" (he even thinks that "nature is God"). But what are theorems and beliefs? How can the decisive transformation be expressed most precisely? The scientific spirit is now Have you achieved the spiritual superiority over religion and imaginary gods? This is not the same as saying: don’t conceive of the world as a force without boundaries, because it cannot be conceived in this way. ——Consider that the concept of infinite power is the same as the concept of "force" Disharmony, that is what we object to. That is to say—

The world also lacks the ability to create eternal new things. ① Spinoza (1632-1677) - Dutch materialist philosopher, author of "Theology and Political Doctrine", "Ethics" and so on. - translator <443> Fundamentally, morality is hostile to science.Because it has been so since Socrates—and, just because science values ​​things that have nothing to do with "good" and "evil," the sense of "good" and "evil" loses its importance.That is to say, morality wants to make a perfect person work for itself; because morality believes that if someone seriously studies plants and stars, it is a waste of the energy of a person whose HTHA is rich enough to cope with the consumption.Therefore, in Greece, when Socrates dragged the plague of moralization into science, science declined in a blink of an eye; , is beyond the reach of future generations.

① Democritus (460-370 BC) - ancient Greek philosopher, founder of atomic theory, thinker of slave democracy. - translator ②Hippocrates (460-377 B.C.)—an ancient Greek physician and the founder of Western medicine. - translator ③ Thucydides (460-359 BC) - ancient Greek historian. - translator <367> My "sympathy". —This is a feeling that kills me.Because, for example, when I was studying Luther, I felt that I was consuming precious energy.And what a precious force this is, and what a tedious stupid question! (French Montaigne had already advanced his daring and optimistic skepticism by then!) Or, when, through the wrong influence of chance, I see a man who does not have as much influence as he can; when we look - with horror and contempt - at today's European politics, which at all times and everywhere is at work trying to imagine a future for all.Yes, man, what the hell is going to happen?if--!This is my "sympathy"; is there a suffering person who can share my troubles?

<792> Germany, the land of quick-witted and well-informed scholars, seems to have forgotten what it is to be a great soul and a strong spirit, in the sense that it has long lacked a great spirit and a strong spirit.Today, the mediocre and the scum walk around with almost no embarrassment, and they pretend to be great reformers.For example, a person like Eugene Dühring, in fact, is a scholar who is both adaptable and well-informed.However, as soon as he opened his mouth, he revealed his small soul, and he would be crushed to powder by narrow-minded jealousy.He betrayed that it was not a strong, passionate, benevolent spirit that drove him—it was ambition!But for a philosopher, the pursuit of fame is more humiliating in this age than in any previous age.Because, now is the era of mediocrity, the era of mediocrity!

<959a> "Man" refers to the primitive forest plant kingdom, and he always appears in the place of long-term struggle for power.great person. <362> Questions of egoism and egoism!The shadow of Christianity has fallen on La Roosevelt, who talks about egoism, which he thinks devalues ​​things and virtues!Contrary to him, I first tried to show that there can be no other than egoism. —Proves that the great power of love is weak even for those whose ego is not strong,—proves that the person who loves the most is first of all because of the strength of his ego. —Prove that love is the expression of egoism, etc.In fact, the wrong valuation is: 1.Serving the beneficiary and profit-making people, that is, the herd; 2.Contains pessimistic doubts about the causes of life; 3.Those who want to deny the brilliant and promising people; those who have fear; 4.Those who want to help the people gain power against the strong; 5.That brings all sorts of stains upon the most precious. <993> I think it is a consolation to know that above the low, filthy, and filthy there are a few high, bright human beings, (—for, in essence, all outstanding people are Rare).No one is of this kind because he is more gifted, or more noble, or more heroic, or more lovable than the lower classes.Rather—because he is more ruthless, more aboveboard, more visionary, and more independent.Because he can stand loneliness, loves it, demands it, and thinks it is happiness, privilege, and condition of existence.For he lives among clouds and thunder, storms and winds, as he lives in a world where the sun shines, rains and dews, and frost and snow glisten, as if he lives in a world that comes from above.If it moves, it always moves from top to bottom.Upward ambition is not my thing. —We are not as calm, patient, deliberate, calm, unhurried as the heroes, martyrs, geniuses, and fanatics. <791> Germany has hitherto produced no civilization.To say that Germany had great hermits (such as Goethe) is no objection to the above formulation.Because these hermits have their own civilization.But it was around these people, as it seemed, around a lone and precarious rock, that the essence of Germany was always scattered against them, like a loose, muddy, unreliable foundation on which every foreign Every action creates an "impression" and creates a "form".For German education is a characterless thing, an almost infinite humility. <499> "Thinking" in the primitive (pre-organic) state is shaping-carrying out, as in the case of crystals. ——In our thinking, it is basically new wine in old bottles (=the bed of Procrustes ①), and it is an approach to new things that fits the shoes. ① Prokrustes is a thief in Greek legend. He specially made a fixed-length bed to punish prisoners who are too tall or too short, which is used to describe the mechanical and embarrassing situation. - translator <609> It is not enough if you realize how ignorant people and animals live.Because, you must also have the will to be ignorant and tutoring.You must understand that without this ignorance life itself might not be possible; understand that ignorance is the condition of the living being alone to preserve itself, to flourish.Therefore the bell of ignorance should ring in your ears. <1051> The sublime bliss of man, where life celebrates its sanctification, so fittingly, is attained only by the rare and the exceptional!And even these are only possible after their ancestors and themselves have lived a long life prepared for the said end (never lived in knowledge of it).At that time, all kinds of forces are extremely full, and at the same time, the two phenomena of "free will" and obedience to the master coexist in one person; at that time, the spirit feels at home in the senses just as the senses are in the spirit; What happens in the mind must also cause a sense of delicacy, well-being, and supreme lightness in the senses.vice versa!The reverse can be recalled by a glance at Hofeus when one has time; even Goethe, however shallow his impressions, enlightened by this process.Finally, the uncompromisingly sensuous is deified in such sublime perfections by the origin of the symbols of a sublime spirituality; Doctrine philosophy is out of place.For it turns out that the ascetics are "scum," that they are nothing but something in themselves, and that something that judges is called good, called "God."From the above,-man is conscious of being a man, and feels that he is the divine form and self-justification of nature-.This height of joy, down to the height of the joy of the strong peasant and the strong half-human: the Greeks were not without gratitude to those who knew the secret when they mentioned this long and complicated series of ladders of light and color. Trembling, not without prudent and reverent silence, the name of that god is Dionysus. —What do all moderns, the feeble, sickly, narrow-minded, rare children of the age, know about the happiness of the Greeks?Slaves with "modern concepts" actually joined the ranks of Dionysus celebrations. Who gave this right! ①; Howes (1320-1389) - a famous Iranian lyric poet, famous for singing wine, love and pleasure. - translator The affirmation of the world and the sanctification of life, which ascended to the heavens and descended to the earth, were by no means produced in a state of morbid excitement and fever when the "body and soul" of the Greeks prevailed in the world. People would think that there is The scale by which everything that has grown since then is too short, too small, too narrow—the opinion is that, in the face of those recent notables and events, in the face of a man like Goethe, or Beethoven, or Shakespeare, or Raphael, one has only to say "Dionysus." For suddenly we realize that our greatest deeds and moments are in the dock. Dionysus Anysos is the judge - do you know what I mean? - no doubt the Greeks knew the last mystery of the "fate of the soul" and everything they knew about education and discipline, above all about the immutability between men The hierarchy and inequality of values, and explain themselves in terms of their Dionysian experience. People have always considered all Greek thought to be unfathomable, and therefore have maintained a deep silence-as long as it is set here The Greeks will not be known until the hidden passages of the Greeks are opened. The eager eyes of the scholars certainly do not believe that there is much in these things. In spite of their profound knowledge, in this respect--one of the classical cultures like Goethe and Winckelmann Friends, with noble zeal, have said things that should not be said, almost immodest. Waiting and preparing, anticipating the eruption of new sources. In solitude, prepare for unfamiliar voices; and tumult, always washed the souls of the Greeks more pure; everything Christian would be overcome by the super-Christian; Anti-theory——I rediscovered the southern country in myself, and the bright universe of the southern country shines high above my head; the health of the soul of the southern country and the power of hidden essence once again occupy my mind; step by step, the scope becomes wider and wider, more and more Transcending the nation, becoming more European, more European, more oriental, and finally more Hellenistic—for Greece was the first great link and synthesis of Eastern thought, and thus the origin of the European spirit. Discover our" The new world"—. Who lives under this command? Who knows when it will be seen? Perhaps it is—the new day! ① Beethoven (1770-1827) - a famous German composer, especially famous for his symphony. - translator ② Raphael (1483-1520) - a famous painter and architect of the Italian Renaissance. - translator ③John Joachim Winkelmann (1717-1768) - famous German archaeologist and art scientist, author of "History of Ancient Art". - translator <419> The whole of German philosophy—Leichnitz, Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer, so far as the greats are concerned—is so far romantic and nostalgic through and through.Because what they are asking for is the most glorious thing in history.People no longer feel at home in any place and in the end people ask to go back to places where they feel more intimate because they want to be there to themselves; this is the Greek world!But the bridges leading there are all broken—with the exception of the rainbow of concepts.For the concept goes everywhere, to all that is home and "fatherland" to the Greek spirit!Of course: to cross these bridges, one would have to be as light as hair and as thin as paper!But what happiness is there in this spiritual, even psychic will!In this way, people are no different from "squeeze and collide", from the mechanistic follies of natural science, from the din of the annual fair of "modern ideas"!People are going back, beyond the godfather to the Greeks, from the north to the south, from formula to form; people still have to taste the end of ancient culture, which is Christianity, just like savoring the passage of ancient Greek culture, just like savoring the ancient world Just like the beauty of itself, it is also like appreciating the concepts and values ​​of ancient Greece, and judging this colorful mosaic.The arabesques, the scrollwork, the abstract rococo of the scholastics--better than the reality of the Nordic peasants and vulgarities, that is, finer, thinner, it is always a higher The spirituality of the Romans was a protest against the peasant wars, the riots of the mediocrity, which favored the spirituality of the North and thus became masters, and considered the great "non-spiritual" man, Luther, to be their guide. —In this way, German philosophy was part of the resistance to the Reformation, and even part of the Renaissance, or at least part of the will of the Renaissance, against ancient culture, Greek philosophy, and above all pre-Socratic philosophy— The deepest buried philosophy in the ancient Greek temple—the successor will emerged from the excavation!Perhaps, centuries later, it will be asserted that all German philosophic writings enjoy in this respect the dignity of a gradual reclamation of ancient Greek bases, and that this would reconnect with the Germans what seemed to have been severed (—the link to the Greek Any demand for "originality" seems petty and ridiculous in comparison with the higher demands of human beings (the bond of the highest "human" so far).Today, we are again close to explaining all the principled forms of the world. The ancient Greek spirit in Anaximander, Heraclitus, Parmenides, Empedocles, Democritus and Ana This interpretation of the world is found in the people of Xagoras. —We shall be more and more Hellenized, first of all, of concepts and valuations, which seem to be the specter of Hellenism.It's a coincidence!However, I hope that in the future also with our love!My hopes for the Germans rest on this!Always like this. ① Anaximander (610 BC-546 BC) - ancient Greek philosopher, who advocated that infinity is the foundation of all things. - translator ②Parmenides (515-445 BC) was a philosopher of the Aelean school in ancient Greece and wrote "On Nature". - translator ③Empedocles (490-430 B.C.)—an ancient Greek natural philosopher and doctor, who founded the four roots of water, air, fire and earth to create all things. - translator ④Anaxagoras (500-430 B.C.)—Ionian philosopher of ancient Greece, created the "seed theory". - translator <942> There is only nobility by birth, nobility only by blood. (Here I will not talk about the lovely word "Feng" ① and the "Gotha Noble Family Tree Book": because that is a continuation of the jackass).Wherever "spiritual aristocracy" is mentioned, there is mostly no shortage of reasons to keep something secret.This is obviously a popular jargon among Jews eager for quick success.That is to say, the spirit alone will not make anyone a nobleman; on the contrary, it is necessary to make the spirit a noble condition first. ——Then, what conditions are needed for this?blood! ①The names of people of German noble origin all bear the mark of "Feng". - translator