Chapter 14 One or four organizations

People live in groups, and there must be various relationships between people. Organizations are the agglomeration of various relationships between people.Is the relationship in a cohesive form, such as living at home, stepping out of the house, you will meet someone walking on the opposite side, which constitutes a road encounter relationship; squeeze on a bus, there are many people, there may be a beautiful woman on the chest, and a strong man behind. Han, this constitutes the same car relationship; Sunset West Mountain, staying in a hotel, there may be more than one person in the same room, this constitutes a cohabitation relationship; and so on.But this kind of relationship is born and disappears suddenly, that is, there is no cohesion, so it cannot be regarded as an organization.It is different within the family. The people in it may be related by marriage or blood, and they don't come into being and disappear suddenly, that is, they are cohesive, so it is an organization.Every organization has a name, such a name is home.Enlarged or extrapolated, an industrial park, a store, a school, and even a country are all a form of cohesion, that is, an organization.

The reason why there is an organization is because every person in this world needs to have a place (or multiple places), and the place is determined by the organization.For example, if you are a worker in a certain factory, you can go to work and receive regular wages, so you can live.Various other organizations can be analogized. Taking a deeper look, organizations are also an important form of expression of various relationships between people.These various relationships can be defined by customs or stipulated by clauses.In the early days, especially the so-called small things in the idiom, they came from many limitations. In the late period, especially the so-called big things in the idiom, they came from many regulations. The relationship is the same as the old so-called five relationships, monarch and subject, father and son, brothers, husband and wife, friends, from the static aspect Look.From the perspective of dynamics, organizations are also important manifestations of various human activities.As in the old so-called soldiers, peasants, businessmen and soldiers, soldiers have to study, farmers have to plow the fields, workers have to make utensils, merchants have to buy and sell, and soldiers have to defend the country.In short, since there is more than one person, if we want to live, we must organize ourselves.The world is complicated, and life is complicated. To meet different needs and come from different channels, organizations have various natures and forms (the time is not consistent for a long time). Inner, large and small, almost infinite.Infinity can be divided into two categories: necessary and possible.Like country and family, Zhuangzi said that there is nothing to escape between heaven and earth, everyone must participate, it is inevitable.For example, a certain party, a certain poetry society, etc., not everyone must participate, but it is possible.Of course, from the perspective of importance, the necessary ones must always be placed first.Let's talk about organization, focusing on what must be.

Whether it is limited by customs or stipulated by clauses, organizations have the power to restrain the people in them. Restraints are not allowed to do anything arbitrarily. To be more specific, those who do not violate the rules can do whatever they want, and those who exceed the rules can not .From the point of view, the organization has advantages, and the people in it have a track to follow in life. Negativity can avoid chaos, and positivity can ensure stability.From the perspective of not being allowed to do what one wants, there are also shortcomings, which are restrictions on free activities.Some people, such as some hermits in ancient times and the so-called anarchists today, do not like organizations, mainly political ones.This is based on emotion.Starting from the rational, cognition will not be like this.organize.No matter what the form is, there is a reason, or at first, it is necessary to meet certain needs and solve certain problems.The small one is like a family, where husband and wife live together, men and women have a division of labor, and the big one is like a country (or equivalent to a country), forming a self-sufficient system that unites internally and resists insults externally. That's how it all came about.That is to say, it is useful and necessary.Not to mention completely reasonable, because first, it is difficult for us to prove that a certain form must be the best, and the formation of an organizational form cannot be unaffected by more or less traditions, so it is difficult to be seamless; two. , There is inertia in the organization. Often, when new needs and new problems have emerged or have already emerged, the old form is still sitting firmly in place and refuses to give way.Han Feizi advocated that the world will change when the time changes, and the world will change when the world changes. The theory is good, but when it comes to action, it is difficult, because the hindering forces will come from cognition, personnel, inertia and so on.

But it cannot last forever.The general reason is that everyone wants to live a happy life, and live better tomorrow than today.This is a wish, which is powerful in the long run, but not necessarily in the near future.On the other hand, the blocking force is often very large.This hinders power, a kind of ignorance that succumbs to custom.As far as the largest organizational form is concerned, the heroes of the late Qin Dynasty rose up because they could not stand the dire tyranny, and when Xianyang was burned, Ru Ziying died, and finally the Han Dynasty prospered and Chu died, and Liu Bang came to the throne in Chang'an, because it was impossible to think that there could be others besides the imperial system. other organizational forms.The other kind of hindering force is that some people have taken advantage of the old organizational form, and naturally refuse to make concessions because of their own interests.There is also a third hindering force, which is familiarity with Louis and innovation. If you can't follow suit, it will be too difficult.Difficult but ultimately unchangeable, theoretically there are two ways out.One, using healing as a metaphor, as a last resort, if you are squeezed into the backwater, it will become a cut and cure.This obviously brings destruction and pain.The other is theory plus ideals, relying on education and reason internally, and relying on research and comparison externally. It is also used as a metaphor for curing diseases, which is taking medicine plus physical therapy.For the safety and happiness of most people, of course the latter path is preferable.But an ideal is an ideal after all. As for the fact, the latter path is often more difficult to follow.

It must not remain unchanged for a long time, indicating that different organizational forms are superior or inferior.How to score?Comparisons can also have range-size differences.The smaller range is compared with the inside, and the larger range is compared with the outside.The standards are all the same. The self-produced name is Mencius's doctrine of joy for all (to be happy with the few, and to be happy with the crowd, which one is more happy? Say: not as good as the crowd), and the name of import is Bentham's doctrine (which can make the greatest The good that most people get the most happiness from is good).But this is theory again, as for reality, it is often difficult to determine.Take the size of the family organization as an example. In the past, the so-called cohabitation of five generations was admired, but Lao She’s writing has dropped one level, and it has become four generations living together. Now, almost all of them are separated after marriage, and in the future, maybe they will learn the same way. In advanced countries, even families are flexible (get together and leave at once), right?Which of the three eras is better?I am afraid that different people will have different ideas. Naturally, ideas cannot replace right and wrong; but when it comes to right and wrong, it depends on the amount of happiness and pain, and happiness and pain cannot be measured on a balance.Therefore, in this kind of place, the principle of "great virtues do not exceed leisure, and small virtues can come and go" is used again. Great virtues are unbearable, but small virtues are tolerable.In a form of organization, most people do not feel the need to endure, we can say that it is superior; on the contrary, it is particularly unbearable, we can say that it is inferior.

People belong to various organizations from the moment they are born.The situation of belonging to various organizations, some of them are completely passive, such as country and family, you are born in a certain family, you are a certain family member, you are born in a certain country, you are a person of a certain country, you cannot choose, let alone deny it.Some are semi-passive, such as going to school and getting a job. You can choose, but you can't choose neither.Some can be completely independent, such as joining a certain club at home, or becoming a monk and moving to a certain monastery.The country is the largest and most powerful organization to which you belong, so it is most closely related to everyone's suffering and happiness, so you think of an organization, and when you talk about an organization, you often refer to this one.This book follows the crowd and focuses on this one.

There are many issues related to the country, which will be discussed later.Here it is regarded as a form of organization, let's talk about it in general first.The country, as an organizational form, is overwhelmingly inherited from the ancestors.This legacy may not be applicable, but one, there is.Anxiety is better than nothing, or in other words, an unreasonable order is easier to bear than no order; second, because it is a legacy, even if it has not been a day for thousands of years, it is difficult to recognize it, or which parts of it, are unsuitable. use.So change is very difficult. Change has the nature of expansion and contraction. For example, Qin merged the six countries to expand, and Wei divided things to shrink.Is it better to expand or shrink?It's hard to say.Preparing for war will inevitably cost a lot, and war will inevitably cause a lot of damage (including human casualties), almost all of which are between countries. From this perspective, expansion is beneficial.However, the Qixiong side by side expanded into the unification of Qin Dynasty, and the scholars could turn into burning books and burying Confucianism if they could argue arbitrarily.Don't say good or bad, just talk about the trend of facts, more integration than division, especially in modern times where technology is advanced and communication is easy and frequent, it may be appropriate to combine more and divide less.But this includes the difficulty of coordinating tradition (ethnicity, culture, rich and poor, etc.) and ideals. It is too complicated and has a long way to go, so I have to leave it alone.