Chapter 61 (18) On Jingling Poetry

The generation of Zhong Tan of the Jingling School composed their own poems, most of which were incapable of idioms, and they were far inferior to the three Yuans of Gong'an.You Xia's poems before "Yue Gui Tang Manuscript" are in the same style as Bo Jing. The "Yue Gui Tang Manuscript" is intended to be self-explanatory, not to open the door, to seek profoundness from danger, so it becomes obscure and unreasonable.Mu Zhai's "Poetry of the Li Dynasty" ③ Ding Ji Juan Twelve vigorously reprimanded You Xia for "no word is not dumb, no sentence is not puzzled, and every chapter is not broken and broken", but it is a pity that he did not distinguish the front and back of "Yue Gui".Youxia is famous for "Jianyuan", and Bojing is famous for "Yinxiu". It is appropriate to change places and call each other by different names.Bo Jing wanted to be simple and far away, but he was embarrassed every time he made it; your friend Xia liked to be hidden and beautiful, so he had to get out of line.Bo is respectful and talented, and the five laws can be regarded as the coldness of the wandering immortals④:

You Xia is talented, five ancient or nearly as thin as Dongye.For example, the poem "Purchasing rice" says "you can see people hungry when you are full alone, and you can't finish your belly full of spirits", which is absolutely like Dongye. "Passing Bo Jing's Tomb Passing His Five Brothers' Home" "The sound of the chime knows the world shortly, and the ink traces attract the heart", and "The insects sound like the world" in "Zhai Tang Qiu Su" is exactly like Chen Sanhou⑤.However, among the regulated poems of the Tang Dynasty, those who most resemble Jingling are not Langxian and martial arts, but Liu Deren and Yu Fu. (Page 102) ① Zhong Tan of the Jingling School: Zhong Xing, styled Bo Jing, has "Yin Xiuxuan Collection".Divided into Heaven, Earth, Xuan, Huang... Thirty-three episodes.

Tan Yuan, whose style name is Youxia, has ten volumes of "Yue Guitang Ji".Both were from Jingling, because they called the poems they advocated the Jingling School. ② Gongan Sanyuan: Yuan Zongdao, Yuan Hongdao, and Yuan Zhongdao brothers are all Gongan people, because they are called Gongan Sanyuan, and the poems they advocate are called Gongan school. ③ Muzhai's "Poems of Liechao": Qian Qianyi's word is Muzhai.And "Little Biography of Poetry Collections of Li Dynasty" in ten volumes. ④Langxian: Jiadao character.Dongye: Mengjiao characters. ⑤ Chen Sanyuan: Chen Sanli, the old man named Sanyuan, a poet in the late Qing Dynasty.

⑥Martial arts: Yao He, Tang poet.He was awarded the master book of martial arts, known as Yao Wugong in the world. This is a poem about Zhong Xing and Tan Yuanchun of the Jingling School.Mr. Qian first talked about Tan Yuanchun's "Yueguitang Manuscript", and thought that the best poems in the early days were close to delicate and simple.For example, "Tan Youxia Collected Works" Volume 1 "Ma Zhongliang Invites Farewell to Mao Laoruo Fu? Tinggao Muyexia": The autumn wind brings early cold, blowing the tree next to you.Ye Ye looks far and blows, and meets at the bottom of the emperor's rank.The book and the leaves are separated, and the walls and tiles are floating.

It's not because of the frost that the rustling comes back in autumn.How to look at the shadow of the old man is regarded as the road of frost.It is the chrysanthemum outside the evening lantern, concentrically illuminating the late curtain. This poem "Under the Tree Leaves of Tinggao" is about autumn scenery and farewell, from under the leaves of the tree to the parting with friends "how old people's shadows are regarded as frosty roads", and then to "concentric photos of late evening" .It is written more beautifully.Look at his later works, such as "Deshan" in Volume 21 of "Tan Youxia Collection":

Weizhou has no place to live, and goes deep into the chaotic clouds.The nature of the eminent monk in the river, the face of the ancient Buddha in Lihua.The pagoda spirit draws every inch, and the stele is dark and full of dreams. Smell the Youniao in secret, see other mountains with majesty.Chuanyun doesn't want to do it all, but sometimes cooks fern.Walking under the lonely peak is like the shadow of a tree. This poem is about stopping a boat to climb a mountain to enter a temple, using "river water" to compare "the nature of an eminent monk", the meaning is unclear.Using "pear blossom" to compare "ancient Buddha's face" should be compared to white. "The pagoda spirit draws an inch", self-note: "Zhou Jingang said to himself, the tower is three inches long, and I will come again.

It's an inch now. "This note is incomprehensible. The height of the tower is certain, so how can it grow an inch taller?" It is the "darkness" of "darkness and cloudy rain", like the darkness of sunset, how dark is the stele, and if the characters on the stele are peeled off and unclear, how can you "think about the class"? "Niaosing mountain is more secluded", it is the secluded mountain, not the secluded bird, why is it called "you bird"?Listening to birdsong is not a "secret", why is it called a "secret"?There are eminent monks in the temple, how can it be called "cooking fern and sometimes returning"?This is "obscure and obscure." However, Tan Yuanchun's later poems are also clear, such as "Mr. Huai Yang Xiuling" in Volume 21 of "Tan Youxia Collection":

A poem was once sent to the garden, but it was not reported in the arms for three years.It is said that the battlefield is full of air, but if you return to the wilderness, you will be deeply affectionate.The wind and rain in Deshan blow the boat in autumn, and the waves wear the rocks and the guqin.I heard that this person is in a hurry, how can a Mingjun be careless. This poem is freshly written, saying that the other party has sent a poem, but it has been hidden in his bosom for three years and has not been reported.The opponent has generals, so he talked about the frontier wars, but he was in vain, lamenting that the court didn't need him to guard the frontiers.The retreat to Deshan came back by boat, only the wind and rain blowing the autumn boat.The sound of playing the guqin corresponds to Chuan Shi Yuntao.How can the king abandon him inadvertently if this person is not used and the border reports an emergency?From this point of view, his later poems are also fresh.Therefore, Jian Qianyi commented on Tan Yuanchun's poems in "Tan Jieyuan Yuanchun" in "A Biography of Liechao Poetry Collection": "Take slang as halal, use secluded and astringent as secluded, make seemingly incomprehensible words, think expressive words, do not know how to seek Deep and shallow; write incomprehensible and incomprehensible scenes, think of the image outside the object, do not know how to seek newness and turn the old. No word is not dumb, no sentence is not riddle, no chapter is not broken and broken. Within a sentence, the meaning Violation is like separating Yan and Wu; within a few lines, the meaning of the words is obscure, and it is impossible to distinguish the rice fields." This kind of criticism refers to the fact that some poems or lines in Tan's poems are acceptable, and that all poems are inaccurate.

Look at Zhong Xing's poems again, such as "The Moon on the Fifth of June" in "Yin Xiuxuan Poems? Di Ji": Changxia refuses to be late, it is late and desolate.The cool color is already pleasant, not to mention the moonlight.Newborn is like new water, clear and shallow. Ordinary as seen at first glance, sorrow and joy touch the gut.For the good situation of the moon, there is no way to miss the hometown, and to return to the bright moon, do nothing to miss the hometown. The poem is written halally and not obscurely.There are some obscure poems in his poems, such as "Yin Xiuxuan Poems? Huang Ji" (October 15th night, the boat has passed Dezhou, written in the persimmon forest).

The weather is cold everywhere, not only the night is heavy.Is the tide not water, why is the wind passing through the forest?The play is born and died, and the quiet noise is read quietly. When you see the sandy eyes and the moon, you people suddenly understand. The "heavy night" here refers to the depth of the night, but it is difficult to understand when it is said that "everything is cold in the sky", that is, not only the night is deep, but everything else is deep. The couplet of "Could it be" is incomprehensible, is the tide not water, why the wind blows through the forest. "Feng Guolin" means that when the wind blows, there will be waves, which has nothing to do with the sentence "doesn't it".When there is wind and waves, this is a wave, not a tide. The tide comes and goes at its own time, and has nothing to do with the wind.This connection is unsolvable.The "birth and death" and "silence and noise" in the second couplet come from "the wind passes through the forest", which means that the wind is born, and the forest is noisy when the wind is born.The steady wind in the pine means the "extinction" of the wind, and the steady wind means the silence of the sound, which is combined with "the wind passes through the forest".But the above two couplets are inexplicable.Zhong Xing’s later poems are also halal, such as "Spring Screen Seeing Peach Blossoms in Wang’s Villa" in "Yin Xiuxuan Poems? Yu Ji":

Spring is everywhere in the suburbs, fearing that it will end soon, and the love of human beings will vie for success.I once chanted the heart and love, but the soul of the fragrance and light passed through early.After the wind and rain in the mountains and moon, the garden flowers were in the shade for half a day.Bearing to look back at Lu Feifei's place, it's different than when he came yesterday. This poem is clearly written, "Several Chaohong", that is, the red peach blossoms of several dynasties, shows that the hearts are easy to fall off. "Missed Fragrance" The "fragrant light" in Chinese refers to peach blossoms, such as "The Book of Songs? Peach Blossoms": "The peach blossoms are bright and bright." The use of burning to describe peach blossoms refers to its light.Peach blossoms are flowers, so the word "fragrance" is mentioned together.After a storm, "Feifei" means that the flowers have faded and the flowers are flying.This one is more honest.Qian Qianyi's "Biography of Liechao Poems? Zhong Tixue Xing" said: "I have tried to discuss modern poems, picking and washing them, and they are caused by desolation and coldness. It is also known as "the so-called deep and lonely ones, such as the clear chants of a wooden guest (monster in the mountain), such as the silent words of Youdu Lord, entering a rat's lair like a dream, and falling into a mouse's lair like an illusion. country of ghosts." This is going too far.Mr. Qian pointed out: "Bo Jing wanted to be simple and far away, but he was embarrassed every time he got it; You Xia liked to be hidden and beautiful, so he had to get out of it." This is very different from Qian Qianyi's attack. Dao's thinner than Zhong Tan's poems, there is a certain degree of affirmation. Mr. Qian also pointed out that the poems of Liu Deren and Yu Fu are similar to Zhong and Tan.Such as Liu Deren's "Suspension in the Monastery": In the dust-free night of the Zen land, where incense is burned and words are returned.The tree shakes the bird's dream, and the firefly enters the empty monk's robe.The moon is broken and the sky is halfway up, and the dew is slightly under the high river. If you turn the order and think it's daylight, it's against your heart to move. Yu Fu's "Ti Cuiwei Temple": Along the stream and across the top, I was happy to enter the front porch.The bird in the bell sinks into the ravine, and the cloud in the hall is wet.The cool springs fall to the rocks, and the ancient trees cut through the apes. It's not easy to talk about Siyou when the monk's rank is near on the moon. In these two poems, the four couplets in the middle describe the scenery, which is written in detail and with characteristics. It is different from the general and general, and it is quite close to the poems of the Jingling School.