Chapter 49 (5) On Zhang Ji's poems

Zhang Wenchang's "Sacrifice to Tuizhi" said in a poem ①: "The official document is the leader of the time, and I have a little voice; the later scholars may be called Han Zhang"; it is Tuizhi and Wenchang who are equally famous.However, Zhang Zhi's talent is far worse than that of Han Yuan; Dongpo's "Han Temple Stele" says: "The book of sweat is walking and stiff" ②, which is not easy to say through the ages.Its style is also different from that of Han Shu. It is concentrated and has a lot of money for singing.However, the five ancient works in the south of the city are similar to Han Gong's elegant works, and the long novel "Sacrifice to Tui" has changed the style of ordinary days and light and clear, simple and hard like Han's features, and the rhyme is also slightly inspired by Han Gong's "It's a pity this day".His poems are crowned with Yuefu, but Bai Letian and Wang Jian are imitated by the world, which seems inappropriate.Wenchang is reserved and sincere, good at expressing emotions, and has a lot of meaning; while Bai Wang is brisk and true-to-life, with realistic narrative, and his style is close to that of Fu.Only the Qijue can be saved in the near body, and the Qilu is very similar to Xiangshan.According to the number of them and Yuan Bai's one and the other in ④, although the cover is out of the Han's gate wall, it is actually close to the Bai's altar.

"Women's Resentment" says: "When a husband dies, the son is in the belly, but the concubine's body is like a candle in the daytime." The first cloud of "Mahaparinirvana Sutra? Lifespan" ⑤: "It is like throwing a handful of water into the sea, lighting a small lamp to help hundreds of thousands of days." "Yun ⑥: "One trick and one ability, a lonely lamp under the sun." The second section of the second part of the British seventeenth-century writer Purton's "On the Solution of Sorrows" said that the suffering of love and desire does not need examples; the eighteenth-century poet Yang's " The seventh chapter of Allegorical Poems, the study of laughing and commentary is a lot of things; the novelist Shimulaito ⑦ "Travel Fun" wrote a letter on June 10, Melford, ridiculing human wisdom to predict the way of heaven; all are daylight The metaphor of holding a candle.Taking an example coincides with Wenchang. "Response to Uncle Huang Mian", the second volume of "Yangming Zhuan Xilu", said: "When you get rid of evil thoughts, it is like the sun is covered by clouds, and the light has returned after the clouds go away. If the evil thoughts are gone, but you have to keep good thoughts, it is under the sun. Light a lamp." The metaphor is the same. (Pages 93-94) ① Zhang Wenchang: Zhang Ji characters, there are eight volumes of "Zhang Siye Collection".

②Dongpo: Su Shi's "Han Wengong Temple Monument".Ji Shi: Zhang Ji, Huangfu Shi, students of Han Yu. ③Yuan Bai: Yuan Zhen, Bai Juyi. ④ This and the other: Sing harmony, "Zhuangzi? Equality of Things": "The former sings and the latter sings." ⑤ "The Great Nirvana Sutra": Thirty-six volumes and twenty-five chapters, edited and edited by Song Huiguan, Jue Yan, Xie Lingyun, etc. in the Southern Dynasties with reference to Fa Xian's translation of "The Great Nihuan Sutra". ⑥ "Fayuan Zhulin": Tang Shi Daoshi wrote "Fayuan Zhulin" in 120 volumes.Classify and arrange the Buddhist scriptures and facts, and deduce the causes of misfortunes and blessings.

⑦ Smollett: Scottish writer in the eighteenth century. ⑧ "Yangming Zhuan Xilu": King Shouren of the Ming Dynasty tried to build the Yangming Cave, known as Mr. Yangming in the world, and there is a volume. This one is about Zhang Ji's poems.Here it is about him singing reward poems with Yuan Bai, such as "Answering Bai Hangzhou County Lou Dengwang Painting See Post": "The painting is so beautiful in Jiangcheng, and I sent it to Chang'an today. I was surprised to find it from the poem, but I thought it would be difficult for the workers to start. I feel good about the exhibition hall, and I ask all the guests to see it every time I come. I see you chanting about it. , would hate to be a foreign official at that time." This kind of poem is relatively easy, and it is different from Han Yu's style.Mr. Qian pointed out that his "South of the City" five ancient works are similar to Han Gong's elegant work.For example, "South of the City": "Yangyang Nanjian water, come to compose the pond flow. Words search for the uneven island, Xiaobang light boat. Thousands of circles will never stop, Qian Xun will be lonely. ..." This kind of poem is more elegant.Mr. Qian also pointed to the poem "Sacrifice and Retirement": "Singing out to the officials and ministers, his morals are sincere and majestic. Born as a great virtuous figure, the angels light me up in the Tang Dynasty. ...... I was born in the rivers and lakes, and I only use the way to learn poetry. For the public body, it has overflowed the bag for a long time. I have no acquaintance with anyone, and I walk in darkness like a fog. When I travel to the north, I occasionally meet the public, and the words are well known. The name is heard all over the world, and those who pass it on sing. As soon as I came to the imperial examination, I didn't see the bitter tribute field....Go to Xia Gong to ask for advice, and raise a disease in Nanzhuang. Rising, there are cattails in it..." In this poem, Mr. Qian pointed out that Pu Han is close to Han, and the rhyme is also similar to Han Gong's "It's a pity this day".

According to this poem, Yang Yun is used, and there are many words in Yang Yun, which is Kuan Yun.But Han Yu used Kuan rhyme to rhyme with Qing and Geng rhymes, and this poem is also like this. The whole poem rhymes with Yang rhyme, but the characters "Ming", "Sheng" and "Jing" intrude into Geng rhyme, and the characters "Qing" intrude into Qing rhyme. The same is true for Han Yu's "It's a Pity Today" poem, which is where I learned from Han Yu. Mr. Qian mentioned Zhang Ji's "Women's Resentment": "In September, the Xiongnu killed the frontier generals, and the Han army was completely wiped out on the Liao River. No one collected the bones for thousands of miles, and the souls were buried under the walls of every family. Women rely on their sons and husbands, and they live together in a poor and humble life. The husband dies on the battlefield with the child in his belly, but the concubine’s body is like a day candle." Mr. Qian pointed out that the metaphor of "day candle" is "superfluous", that is, it has superfluous meaning, which is wonderful.To quote the Buddhist scriptures as an example, "Throwing a scoop of water into the sea and lighting a small lamp to help hundreds of thousands of suns (the sun)" is superfluous. Same metaphor.Mr. Qian is good at citing many opinions, including using Buddhist scriptures and Western classics as a comparison to highlight the ingenuity of this metaphor.Mr. Qian also pointed out that Zhang Ji's Yuefu poems are subtle and sincere, good at emotion, and have a lot of meaning, which is different from Bai Juyi and Wang Jian's brisk narration, which is almost Fu.Bai Juyi's "Reading Zhang Ji Ancient Yuefu": "What is Zhang Jun doing? Thirty springs of professional writing."Yougong's Yuefu poems are contemporary Shaoqilun. ...... Fengya is better than Xingwai, not empty words. "pointed out that the characteristic of his Yuefu poems is "elegance and elegance".