Chapter 7 Part II 1-10

one Baishi's words, the one I love the most, are only in second language, saying: "Huainan's bright moon is cold and the mountains are cold, and when I go back to the dark, no one cares about it. (1)" Notes: (1) Jiang Kui's "Treading on Shasha" (coming from the east of Mian, Ding Weiyuan arrived in Jinling on the first day of the year, and was written by a dream on the river.): "Yanyan is light, Yingying is soft, and it is clear to see Huaxu again. The night is long Competing for thin love, early spring is tainted by lovesickness. Farewell to the book, farewell to the needle and thread, away from the soul and go away in darkness. The bright moon in Huainan is cold and the thousand mountains, and no one cares when I go back."

two The theory of double tones and overlapping rhymes flourished in the Six Dynasties, and people in the Tang Dynasty still used it a lot.After the Song Dynasty, they gradually stopped talking about it, and they didn't know what the two were.During the Qianjia period, Mr. Zhou Gongai from my hometown wrote "Du Poems Double-tone Rhyme Spectrum Kuolue".His words said: "Two characters with the same mother are called double tones, and two characters with the same rhyme are called double rhymes." I use the language commonly used in grammars of various countries today, and two characters with the same consonant are called double tones.For example, in "Southern History Yang Yuanbao Biography", the four characters "official family hates narrowness, wider eight points" and "official family is wider", all come from k. In "Luoyang Jialan Ji", the two characters "swearing slowly" and "swearing slave" all come from n. The two characters "slowly cursing" both come from m.Two characters with the same vowel are called overlapping rhymes.For example, Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty "there are decayed willows in the back of the house", and the three characters "there are in the back of the house" have double sounds and overlapping rhymes. The three characters "you rotten willow" all have the vowel u.Liu Xiaochuo's "Liang Wang Changkangqiang" and "Liang Changqiang" all have the vowel of Xunye (1).Since Li Shu's "Poetry Garden" forged Shen Yue's theory, and used double tones and overlapping rhymes as the second of the eight diseases in poems, later poets often discarded them and did not talk about them, nor did they reuse them in Ci.Yu said that Gou often uses repeated rhymes in the rippling parts of his words, and uses double tones in the condensed parts, so that his sonorous and recited words must be better than his predecessors.Those who cherish the world and only talk about temperament have not yet realized this.

Notes: (1) Ge Lifang's "Yunyu Yangqiu Volume 4" quoted the preface of Lu Guimeng's poem: "The overlapping rhymes are as free as Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty, and it is said that there are rotten willows in the back door". At that time, all the attendants advocated harmony.Liu Xiaochuo said "Liang Wang Changkangqiang", Shen Shaowen said "sleeping on the side of the boat string", Yu Jianwu said "Zai Dui every obstacle", and many people have used this style as small poems since then. " three People in the world only know that the two tones are not limited to the four tones, but they don't know that the overlapping rhymes are not limited to the three tones of flat, up, and down.All characters with the same mother, although there are differences in level and oblique, all have overlapping rhymes.

Four After the middle of the Tang Dynasty, poetry is almost a tool of lamb and geese.Therefore, there are very few good poems in the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty, and Ci is its heyday.That is to say, those who are as good at poetry as Yongshu Shaoyou are far better than poetry.It is true that it is written for poetry, not as true for those who write for words.After the Southern Song Dynasty, Ci was also the tool of the lamb, and Ci also replaced it.This is also one of the keys to the ups and downs of literature. Fives Zeng Chunfu wrote the poem "Tianman in the Pot" (1) in response to the Mid-Autumn Festival, and wrote in his own note: "It is night, and the music of heaven is also heard in Xixing." It is said that the music in the palace can be heard on the other side.Mao Zijin said: "Gods don't use people's nonsense. (2)" Nearly Feng Menghua re-examined his false accusations (3).People who don't understand the meaning of the word "Tianle" laugh.

Notes: (1) Zeng Ji's "Huzhong Tianman" (this is also the entry of Yuyue Ci. The emperor was overjoyed and said: "Never used Yueci Ci, and it is a novelty." He gave gold belts, purple fanluo, and crystal bowls. Above Also give Baozhan. Return to the palace at 1:50 o'clock. It is night, and Xixing also hears the joy of the sky.): "The plain is soaring and the green is blue, and the sky is steady, and there is a bright moon. There are no people in the green water and Yinghu, It’s like farewell to the world in autumn. Yaosheng in jade hands is the same color for a while, and the neon clothes are folded together. On the Tianjin Bridge, someone stole the new song. Whoever dreamed of the silver bridge back then, it’s a fool’s joke. I’m sure I’ll believe in the feast of the immortals. , Move down the crystal palace. The sea of ​​clouds is clear, the mountains and rivers are full of shadows, and the sweet osmanthus blows the fragrant snow. Why don't you use the jade axe, the golden Ou will last forever."

(2) Mao Jin's postscript Haiye Ci in "Sixty Famous Cis of the Song Dynasty": "Cici in the moonlight, Xixi Xingxi overnight, hearing the joy of heaven, is it true that the gods don't use human beings to talk nonsense?" (3) Feng Xi's "Selected Poems from Sixty-one Schools of the Song Dynasty" exemplified: "Zeng Chunfu wrote Jin Yuyue Ci, and his self-record said: It was night, and Xixing also heard the joy of heaven. Zijin then said that the gods will not be abandoned by humans. Words. I don’t know how people in the Song Dynasty tend to be self-absorbed. Taoist Baishi still wants to attribute the wind of Chaohu Lake to Pingtiao’s "Manjianghong", so why do you laugh at it in the sea?"

six Famous scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty took Fang Hui as the most important.His poems are like the poems of Lixia and Xincheng, which are not only magnificent, but less true. seven Prose is easy to learn but hard to craft, and rhyme is hard to learn but easy to craft.Modern style poetry is easy to learn but difficult to craft, and ancient style poetry is difficult to learn but easy to craft.Small tones are easy to learn but hard to work on, and long tones are hard to learn but easy to work on. Eight An ancient poem says: "Who can think without singing? Who can be hungry without eating?"Therefore, happy words are difficult to craft, and sad words are easy to craft.

Notes: (1) "Midnight Song" in Qi Ci of Jin and Song Dynasties: "Who can think but not sing? Who can be hungry and not eat? The sun and the dark are at home, and the melancholy can't remember?" Nine The habit of society kills many good people.Literary habits have killed many geniuses. ten In ancient times, when discussing poetry, there was a difference between scene language and love language.I don't know all the scene language, all love language.