Chapter 6 May 1st to June 4th

five one "The bright moon shines on the snow (1)", "Dajiang flows day and night (2)", "the moon hangs in the middle of the sky (3)", "the sun sets over the long river (4)", such realms can be described as magnificent through the ages.Looking for words, only Nalan Rongruo's works, such as "Light of a Thousand Tents in the Late Night (5)" in [Long Lovesickness], "Ten Thousand Tents in the Sky, People Drunk, and Star Shadows Are Crumbling (6)" in [Like a Dream] "It's close. Notes: (1) Xie Lingyun [Sui Mu]: "I can't sleep because of worry, and I can't wake up after suffering this night. The moon shines on the snow, and the wind is strong and mournful. Ship it to the unflooded object, and the year's death has already reminded me."

(2) Xie Tiao [Temporarily envoy Xiadu night to send Xinlin to Jingyi as a gift to colleagues]: "The great river flows day and night, and the hearts of guests are still sad. Just thinking about the proximity of Guanshan, you will eventually know that the road is long. Autumn river dawns, cold Zhu night Cang Cang. I lead you to see the Beijing room, and the palace pheasants are looking at each other. The golden wave is beautiful and the magpie is low, and the jade rope is low to build the chapter. Driving outside the tripod gate, I want to see Zhaoqiuyang. Chihui can’t be picked up, let alone two towns separated? Fengyun has a bird road , Jianghan has no beams, and is often afraid of falcons and falcons, and the chrysanthemums are severely frosted. Those who send words to Luoluo have already soared high."

(3) Du Fu [Exiting the Fortress afterward] (Part 2): "Enter the Dongmen camp in the morning, and go up to the Heyang Bridge in the evening. The setting sun shines on the banner, and the horses sing and the wind is rustling. There are thousands of curtains on the flat sand, and each of the troops sees their moves. The moon hangs in the middle of the sky, Make Yan Ye lonely. The sound of grief is loud, and the strong man is miserable. Who is the general? I'm afraid it's Huo whoring Yao." (4) Wang Wei [Envoy to the Fortress]: "If you want to ask for a bicycle, it belongs to the country and passes through Juyan. The peng leaves the Hansai, and the geese enter the Hutian. The desert is solitary and the smoke is straight, and the long river is setting in the sun. Xiaoguan is waiting to ride. Protect Yanran."

(5) Nalan Xingde [Long Lovesickness]: "One journey through the mountains, one journey through the water. Walking towards the bank of Yuguan, a thousand tent lights in the middle of the night. The wind changes and the snow changes. The dreams of the hometown are broken. There is no such sound in the hometown." (6) Nalan Xingde [Like a Dream Order]: "Thousands of tents are intoxicated, and the stars are crumbling. Guimeng is separated by the Lang River and shattered by the sound of the river. Still sleeping, still sleeping. The solution is tasteless to wake up." five two

Nalan Rongruo observes things with natural eyes and speaks with a natural tongue.This is the first time I entered the Central Plains, and I have not been infected with the customs of the Han people, so I can really see this.Since the Northern Song Dynasty, only one person. five three Lu Fangweng's "Hua Jian Ji" said that "in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, the poems became more humble, and those who relied on the sound were simple and cute. It is not easy to reason." "Summary" refuted it, saying: "You can still If you lift seventy catties, you will fall if you lift a hundred catties, and if you lift fifty catties, you will be transported freely. (1) "His words are very different.However, the predicate must be easy to write in poetry, but I dare not believe it.It is good to say that Chen Wozi said: "People in the Song Dynasty did not know poetry but forced to write poems, so there was no poetry in the end of Song Dynasty. However, those who are happy, sad and resentful, moving in the middle and unable to be suppressed, are similar to poetry. Therefore, it is unique. (2) "The reason why the five generations of words are unique is also because of this.

Notes: (1) "Siku Abstracts" collection part 1 "Huajian Ji": "There are two postscripts of Lu You after that... The second said: Tang Ji and Five Dynasties, the more humble the poems, and the ones who rely on the sound are simple and ancient and lovely. Can One cannot be the other, and it is not easy to reason. I don’t know that there are high and low physiques in literature, and there are strengths and weaknesses in people’s academic qualifications. If your academic ability is not enough to match your physique, you will not be able to do enough. If your academic ability is enough to match your physique, you will be able to do more than enough. In ancient poetry, most of the ancient poems in the middle and late Tang Dynasty were unworkable, but regulated poems sometimes had good works. Ci also fell to regulated poetry, so the poems of the five seasons were not as good as Tang, and Ci was the only winner. This is still the one who can lift 70 catties, and lift 100 catties It will fall down, and if you lift fifty, you can use it freely, why is it unreasonable?"

(2) Chen Zilong's Preface to Wang Jieren's Poems: "People in the Song Dynasty did not know poetry and forced to compose poems. They are poems, which express reason but not emotion. Therefore, there is no poetry in the end of Song Dynasty. However, people in Song Dynasty are also inevitably sentimental. Therefore, those who are moved in the midst of joy, sorrow and resentment, and cannot be restrained, are similar to those in poetry, so their unique work is beyond the reach of later generations. It is because of deep thinking that it must be superficial and close, so that Readers suddenly encounter it as if it is in the eyes and ears. If you recite it for a long time and get the deep and eternal interest, it will be difficult to use the meaning. Use the words of the sharp and powerful words to make the chain of work, so that the article has no redundant sentences, and the sentence has no redundant words. It is mellow, clear and dense. Words are like pearls, so it is difficult to write words. Its body is also delicate. The so-called bright pearl and emerald feather are still too heavy, let alone the dragon and luan? Its scenery is also graceful and charming. Although it uses police dew to obtain beauty, it is really precious and reserved, and there is more than enough. When singing in low voices, life is difficult. But the people of Song Dynasty devoted their efforts to it, and there were so many chapters. You can touch the scenery. Inspired by the secret, if it comes out of nature. Although you talk about elegance, you also feel that it cannot be discarded. Why? Things are unique, and the path is impressive."

May Fourth Four words are poor but there are Chu Ci, Chu Ci is poor but there are five words, five words are poor but there are seven words, ancient poetry is poor but there are rhythms, and rhythms are poor but there are words.Gai's style has been popular for a long time, so he gets involved more and more, and he has formed his own practice.It is also difficult for a heroic person to come up with new ideas in it, so he escapes and becomes another body to liberate himself.All literary styles are flourishing and declining all because of this.Therefore, it is said that literature is not as good as before, and I dare not believe it.But as far as the theory of unity is concerned, there is no easy way to say this.

five five The "Three Hundred Psalms" and "Nineteen Poems" of poems, and the Five Dynasties and Northern Song Dynasties of Ci, are all untitled.It is not untitled, the meaning in the poem cannot be exhausted by the title.Since "Hua'an" and "Caotang", each tune has been titled, and the untitled words of the ancients are also titled for it.It's like looking at a beautiful landscape, and then saying this is a certain mountain and a certain river, is it okay?If there are titles in poems, the poems will die, and if there are titles in Ci, the poems will die.

five six For everyone's works, the words and emotions must be refreshing, and the scene descriptions must also be eye-catching.The words came out without any pretentiousness.What he sees is true, and what he knows is deep.Poetry is the same.There is no big mistake in holding this to weigh the authors of ancient and modern times. five seven If a person can not use the poems for the beauty thorns, do not use official sentences, and do not use whitewashed words, then this is halfway through. five eight With the magnificence of [Song of Everlasting Sorrow], the only thing that is attached to it is the four characters "Shuangcheng of Xiaoyu", which is more than enough.Plum village songs are performed, but non-official affairs are not handled (1).The advantages and disadvantages of Bai and Wu can be seen here.It is not only for poetry, but also for lyricists.

Notes: (1) In Bai Juyi's [Song of Everlasting Sorrow], there is a sentence "transfer to Xiaoyu and double success" as an official matter.As far as Wu Weiye's "Yuanyuanqu" is concerned, "Dinghu" is used immediately, and the following official sentences are countless. five nine In the system of modern poetry, five or seven character quatrains are the most respected, followed by rhythmic poetry, and the lowest rhythm.Covering this style in Jixing romance, there is nothing to do with both, and there is almost a parallel style of writing.The small tones in the Ci are like quatrains, the long tones are like regulated poems, and the long tones of Baizi Ling, Qinyuanchun, etc. are close to rhythmic. sixty The poet must enter the universe and life, and must go out of it.If you enter it, you can write it.It is beyond it, so it can be seen.It enters into it, so it is angry.It is beyond the outside, so there is a high degree.Meicheng can come in but not out.Since Baishi, I have never dreamed of these two things. six one The poet must have the intention of despising foreign things, so he can order Fengyue as a servant.It must also have the meaning of attaching importance to foreign objects, so it can share worries and joys with flowers and birds. six two "I used to be a housewife, but now I am a prodigal woman. A prodigal son will never return, and it is difficult to keep an empty bed alone. (1)" "Why don't you be a high-ranking man, and first occupy Lujin? Doing nothing to protect the poor and humble, Ke suffers a lot Xin. (2) "It can be especially obscene.However, if you ignore it as obscene words and despicable words, it is true.The same is true for the great poets of the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty.Not without obscene words, but I feel warm and moving after reading it.It's not without words, but I feel full of energy.It can be seen that the disease of obscene words and vulgar words is not the disease of obscenity and vulgarity, but the disease of wandering words (3). "Don't you think, the room is far away." And the master said: "Thinking of the unknown, how far is there?" (4) "It's disgusting to travel. Notes: (1) [Nineteen Ancient Poems] The second: "The grass by the green river, the willows in the lush garden. The girl in Yingying upstairs, the bright and bright window is the window. E'e red makeup, slender hands. She used to be a housewife, but now she is a slut Wife. The prodigal son will never return, and it is difficult to keep an empty bed alone." (2) [Nineteen Ancient Poems] Fourth: "Today is a good banquet, and the joy is hard to describe. Playing the zither, the new sound is wonderful. Let the virtues sing high words, recognize the music and listen to the truth. With one heart and one wish, The implication is not stated. Life is sent for a lifetime, dying suddenly like flying dust. Why don't you plan to be a high-ranking student and occupy Lujin first? Doing nothing to protect the poor and lowly, Ke long and hard." (3) Preface to Jin Yinggui's "Selected Words": "Scale objects rely on singing and dancing. Sorrows and joys are not in harmony with their nature, and joys and sorrows have nothing to do with feelings. There are many chapters, and the meaning is not limited to flowers and birds. Feelings refer to things, reasoning does not It's just socializing. Although it's elegant but not gorgeous, it's a sentence but not organized. It's a word of speech." (4) "The Analects of Confucius·Zihan": "Tang Di's flower is the opposite. Don't you think about it, the room is far away. The master said: "Thinking about the future, how far is the husband?" six three "Withered vines, old trees and dark crows. Small bridges, flowing water and sand (1). The ancient road is westerly windy and thin. The sun sets. Heartbroken people are at the end of the world."With just a few words, it has won the wonderful place of quatrains in Tang Dynasty.None of the poets of the Yuan Dynasty could do this. Notes: (1) According to this song, you can see it in the volume of "Yuefu Xinsheng" published in Zhuyuan, Zhou Deqing in Yuan Dynasty, "Central Plains Rhyme Freeze", Jiang Zhongshu's "Yaoshantangwaiji" in Ming Dynasty, Volume 68, and Zhang Lu's "Ci" in Ming Dynasty. "Lin Jieyan" and "Zhibuzhai Series" are such as Zizi's "Shuzhai Laoxue Congtan" and other books, "Pingsha" is used as "renjia", that is, the quotations in Guantang's "Song and Yuan Opera History" are also the same.However, in "Shi Yu of Past Dynasties", it is written as "Pingsha", and "Western Wind" is written as "Desolate Wind", in order to avoid the double word ear.Guantang's quotation here is almost the same as this "Shi Yu". six four Bai Renfu's play "The Rain of the Phoenix Trees on an Autumn Night" is Shen Xiong's tragic and majestic, which is the crown of the Yuan Opera.However, the "Tian Lai Ci" written is so superficial that it is not enough to be a slave of Jiaxuan.Is it easy for the creator to work, but difficult for the cause?Or people have their own ability and inability?Readers' view of Ou Qin's poems is far less than that of his words, and they can fully understand the news in them. Xuantong Gengshu finished his manuscript in September in Dingwu City South Residence in the capital