Chapter 5 The third novel contained in "Hanshu" and "Yiwenzhi"

The third novel contained in "Hanshu" and "Yiwenzhi" The narrative novelist in "Han Zhi" thinks that "from barnyard officials", such as Chun said, "fine rice is barnyardgrass. Street talks and alleys are very fine words. The king wanted to know the customs of the alleys, so he set up barnyard officials to make Say it." (This Note) None of the novels he recorded exist today, so we can't get them and study them in depth. However, after examining the titles, they don't seem to be collected from the people, such as "Guofeng" in "Poetry" [1 〕By.Among them, there are seven who rely on the ancients, namely: "Yi Yin Shuo", "Geng Zi Shuo", "Shi Kuang", "Wu Cheng Zi", "Song Zi", "Tian Yi", "Yellow Emperor".The second recorder of ancient events said: "Zhou Kao" and "Qing Shizi", neither said when they were written.There are four writers in the Han Dynasty: "Feng Chan Fang Shuo", "Waiting for Ministers to Forgive Their Minds", "Chen Shou Zhou Ji", "Yu Chu Zhou Shuo".

"Wait Zhao Chen Ancheng Weiyang Art" and "Hundred Schools" do not say when they were written, but follow the second order, and they are also Han people. "Han Zhi" and Taoism have "Yi Yin Shuo" (2) fifty-one articles, which are lost today; the twenty-seven articles of the novelist cannot be tested. Said, "In the east of Jishan Mountain, where the blue birds are, there are Lu oranges that ripen in summer." It should be the only surviving posthumous text. "Lu's Spring and Autumn" and "Benwei Pian" [3] describe Yiyin and even Weishuo Tang, and also say "all the sweetness and protection of the blue bird", which is very detailed, but the text is rich but the meaning is shallow. Gai also published "Yiyin Shu ".

Yi Yin asked for soup by cutting and cooking, and Mencius tasted it and argued in detail, which is what the scholars of the Warring States Period did. There are twenty-two chapters of "Fengzi" in Taoism in "Han Zhi", of which only one volume survives today, or because the language is shallow, it is suspected that it is not Taoist language.However, there are anecdotes quoted by people in the Tang and Song Dynasties that are quite different from the current version of "Fengzi", so it is almost true that they are not Taoist. King Wu led his troops to defeat Zhou.The tiger of Zhou travels with a million troops, marching in the suburbs of Shang, starting from the yellow bird, and as for the red axe, it travels like a gust of wind, and its sound is like a thunderbolt.The soldiers of the three armies are invincible.King Wu ordered Taigong to mobilize Bai Yan, and Zhou's army turned back. ("Anthology of Li Shan" and "Taiping Yulan" 311)

Qing Shizi was an ancient historian, but I don't know when.His book has been lost in the Sui Dynasty, and Liu Zhiji's "Shi Tong" [5] states that ""Qing Shi" was added to the street talk", because according to "Han Zhi", it is not because he was caught in the Tang Dynasty and came back.There are three things in the posthumous writings, all of which are ritual, and I don't know why they were included in the novel at that time. The ancient prenatal education, the seventh month of the queen's belly, went to the banquet room, the Taishi held the copper and controlled the left side of the household, the Taizai held the fight and controlled the right side of the household, the Taibu held the yarrow and the imperial hall, and all the officials used their positions to control the door.For example, in March, if the queen's sound is not ritual music, the Taishi will say that she is not familiar with it, and the taste she is looking for is not authentic, so the Taizai relies on fighting and does not dare to fry it, saying, "I dare not treat the prince "The crown prince wept while he was born, and the Taishi blew the copper and said, "There is a law in the sound." The Taizai said, "The taste is a certain one." The Taibu said, "Mingyun certain." And then the etiquette and justice for the crown prince. ... ("Da Dai Li Ji", "Bao Fu Chapter", "Jia Yi's New Book", "Ten Things about Prenatal Education")

The ancients went out at the age of eight to live in a foreign house, learning small skills and performing small tasks;When you live, you learn etiquette, when you walk, you sing jade, and when you go up the car, you hear the sound of He Luan. ... In ancient times, it was called a road cart, with a round cover to resemble the sky, twenty-eight pieces to resemble stars, a square to resemble the earth, and thirty pieces to resemble the moon.Therefore, if you look up, you can observe astronomy, if you look down, you can observe geography, if you look forward, you can see the voice of Heluan, and if you listen sideways, you can observe the fortunes of the four seasons: this is the way taught by Jinche. ("Da Dai Li Ji", "Bao Fu Chapter")

Chickens are the animals of the East.At the end of the year and the beginning of the reform, the ranks are distinguished and the work is done in the east, and all things come out of the house, so chickens are used as sacrifices. ("General Customs" VIII) "Han Zhi" has eight chapters of "Shi Kuang", which are miscellaneous books, which cannot be tested by novelists, but according to the notes in this annals, we know that there are many "Spring and Autumn". "Yi Zhou Shu" and "Prince Jin" chapters record that Shi Kuang saw the prince and knew that he would not live, and the prince also knew that "the next three years will be the guest of the emperor".

Yu Chu’s affairs are detailed in the annotations of this annals, and he and Mrs. Ding [7] and others used Fang Temple to curse Dawan, the Xiongnu.People in the Jin and Tang dynasties who cited "Book of Zhou" had three things like "Biography of Mu Tianzi", which was different from "Book of Yi Zhou". "First Talk". Mustard Mountain, where the gods live.It is also the mountain, where you look west and enter the sun, its energy is round, and the place where the nerves shine. ("Taiping Yulan" III) The ground where the dog stops is completely tilted, and the sky is like a shooting star in the remaining light. It is tens of feet long, and its speed is like wind, its sound is like thunder, and its light is like electricity. (Note 16)

In Mu Wangtian, there are black birds like doves, flying lightly and squatting on the balance. (Annotation of Li Shan in Selected Works 14) The author of "Hundred Schools", Liu Xiang's "Shuo Yuan" [9] narrates, ""Shuo Yuan Miscellaneous Things",... There are many kinds of things, except for those that overlap with "New Preface", the rest are superficial and unreasonable, so don't collect it as "Hundred Schools". ""Shuo Yuan" survives today, and the records are all the deeds of the ancients, which are enough for the law. If you insist on pushing "Hundred Schools", it is almost impossible to say that the stories are not suitable for governing the way.

The rest of the schools cannot be tested.Now reviewing the title of his book, according to the person, it is Yiyin Fu Xiong's teacher Kuang Huangdi, and when he talks about things, he enshrines Zen to preserve his health. Most of them are under the guise of alchemists.But Qing Shizi is not right. See also the name of Chengzi, see "Xunzi", "Zizi" tastes his teaching of "avoiding adversity and obeying obedience" (10); "Xunzi" quoted Song Zi as saying, "If you see insults clearly, you will not be humiliated, so that people will not fight" [11], then "Huang Laoyi", which is not the theory of alchemists.

※ ※ ※ [1] The national style is mostly composed of folk songs from the beginning of Zhou Dynasty to the middle period of Spring and Autumn Period. "Hanshu Yiwenzhi" contains: "In ancient times, there were officials who collected poems. The king observed the customs, knew the gains and losses, and tested himself." 〔2〕 "Yi Yin Shuo", "Hanshu·Yiwenzhi" Taoist works "Yi Yin". 〔3〕"Lüshi Chunqiu" was jointly compiled by Lu Buwei, Prime Minister of the Qin Dynasty at the end of the Warring States Period, together with disciples, and "Hanshu·Yiwenzhi" recorded 26 volumes, with a total of 160 articles. "Benwei Pian", see "Lu Shi Chunqiu · Filial Piety", records that Yi Yin has listed the delicacies of mountains and seas from all over the world, saying that only the kingdom of the emperor can enjoy them, and persuaded Tang to reform politics in order to win the world.

〔4〕Cutting cooking requires soup "Mencius Wanzhang": "Wanzhang asked: 'There is a saying, Yiyin wants soup for cooking, and there are all kinds?' Mencius said: 'No, otherwise! Yiyin cultivated in Youxin Wild, but happy with the way of Yao and Shun.... I heard that he used the way of Yao and Shun to make soup, but I didn't hear that he used it to cut and cook." [5] Liu Zhiji (661-721), styled Zixuan, was born in Tang Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu). He used to be an official such as Zhuo Lang and Zuo Shi, and participated in the official revision of history books many times.His "Shi Tong" is the first commentary on historical books in my country.Twenty volumes, divided into inner and outer chapters, the inner chapter discusses the style of historians, and the outer chapter discusses the source and flow of historical records.Also, ""Qing Shi" is written in street talks", see Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long Zhuzi Pian", "Yu" originally composed "Qu". 〔6〕Bing yin and yang family is the yin and yang family in the military book. "Hanshu Yiwenzhi": "The yin and yang are sent out in accordance with the time, pushing the punishment and virtue, and fighting with the fight. Because of the five victories, fake ghosts and gods are also helping." Tang Yan Shigu Note: "Five victories, the five elements win together .” [7] Mrs. Ding's "Han Shu Suburbs Records" contains: In the first year of Emperor Wu Taichu (104), Dawan was attacked in the west, "Mrs. Ding and Luoyang Yuchu used the method to worship the Xiongnu and Dawanyan." Tang Weizhao commented: "Ding, Last name; madam, first name." [8] Zhu Youzeng, styled Zunlu, was born in Jiading (now Shanghai) in the Qing Dynasty.Zeng Guan was the magistrate of Zunyi, Guizhou.He has written "Yi Zhou Shu Ji Xun School Interpretation", "Zuo Shi Zhuan Jie Yi" and so on. 〔9〕 "Shuo Yuan" was written by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty, and "Sui Shu·Jing Ji Zhi" recorded 20 volumes.Classified and compiled historical stories from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties, mixed with discussions. "Shuo Yuan Miscellaneous Things", that is, "Shuo Yuan". "New Preface", written by Liu Xiang, contains 30 volumes in "Sui Shu·Jing Ji Zhi", the content and style of which are similar to "Shuo Yuan". [10] Wu Chengzi sees "Xunzi Dalue Pian": "If you don't learn, you can't succeed. Yao learned from Junchou, Shun learned from Wu Chengzhao, and Yu learned from the Western Kingdom." "Zizi" quotes Wu Chengzi to teach Shun: "Avoid the rebellion of the world, follow the obedience of the world, and the world is not worth it." "Zi Zi", written by Shi Jiao of the State of Lu in the Warring States Period, and 20 chapters described in "Hanshu Yiwenzhi", have been lost.The present edition of Shizi is suspected to be supplemented by people in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. 〔11〕See "Xunzi Zhenglun" for the phrase "seeing insults without humiliation makes people not fight".