Chapter 24 22. Affection and body selection

Poems and lyrics are written because there is affection in the heart, which is not expressed in words.Affection is the master, words are attached.To use an analogy, affection is the body, words are clothes, and clothes should serve the body, which is what the saying goes.The body is different, and the clothes should be different accordingly.In the same way, if the affection is different, the words should also be different.Different people and different affections at different times, all kinds.There are also various forms of expression.Long songs can be used as crying; even books, paintings, and other forms other than words are also acceptable.It is not necessarily necessary to write poems within words.Ji Kang yelled in the "Book of Breaking Friendship with Shan Juyuan", which was in the form of a letter.Sima Qian wrote "Biography of Boyi", weeping bitterly for the people in the cave, borrowing someone else's wine glass to pour himself a block.Focus on the topic here, and focus on the feelings that are suitable for expression in poetry.There are also many kinds of strength, thickness, rigidity, softness, obviousness, etc. According to the principle of tailoring clothes, there will be a question of which language is suitable for expression.Affection is invisible and silent, so it's hard to say, but it can be seen from the aspect of words.

For example, the following two capitals are famous articles: Climbing high and looking at the four seas, how long is the world (read in Ping Sheng).Frost is surrounded by autumn, the wind blows and the wilderness is cold.Prosperity flows eastward, and everything is turbulent.The daylight hides the brilliance, and the floating clouds have no fixed end.The sparrow nests in the phoenix tree, and the phoenix luan lives on the thorn.And back and forth, sword song travel is difficult. (One of Li Bai's "Ancient Style") The bright moon in the jade tower remembers each other, Liu Si is graceful and graceful in spring.The grass outside the door is luxuriant, and I will send you off to hear the neighing of the horse.Painting Luo Jin and Jade, incense candles (reading flat tone) burnt into tears.The cuckoo crows when the flowers fall, and the green window is a dream fan. (One of Wen Tingyun's "Bodhisattva Man") The first one is an ancient poem, and the second one is a word. Anyone can understand that the feelings are very different: the sadness of ancient poetry and the melancholy of words.Some people will say that this is because of the different themes: the protagonist of Climbing the Mountain and Looking at the Sea is an old man, while the protagonist of Yulou Mingyue is a young woman.This makes sense, but it is not decisive. For example, the following two poems are in modern style, from simple and thick to delicate, and the subject matter is about women:

Because of the infinite beauty of Yunping, Fengcheng is afraid of the spring night.Marrying for no reason (reading in flat tone) is a golden tortoise's son-in-law, and he has failed to live up to the early dynasty. ("For You" by Li Shangyin) The young woman of the Lu family has tulips, and petrels are amphibious tortoiseshell beams.cold root wood in September Ye, remembering Liaoyang after ten years of garrison.The sound book of the White Wolf in Hebei is broken, and the autumn night is long in the south of Danfeng City.Whoever sees alone because of sorrow will teach (read Ping Sheng) that the bright moon shines yellow. (Shen Quanqi's "Ancient Ideas")

A quatrain and a verse are all about love, but compared with the above poem, it is obviously not as thick and soft.This is because the body itself has emotional appeal, or charm. Although the bottle used to hold oil may not be able to hold vinegar, usually the bottle used to hold oil is always filled with oil, and the bottle used to hold vinegar is usually filled with vinegar.This shows that different styles of poetry have different sentiments, or that different styles are suitable for expressing different feelings, so after the emotion is in the middle, if you want to express it in the form of poetry, you should tailor it to suit the situation, that is, choose the appropriate style, Then write.

But the problem is quite complex.Different styles have different sentiments, as I have discussed many times before.Here, from knowing to talking about action, we should look at it from the aspect of action, whether there is any difficulty in composing poems and asking for the coordination of emotion and style.Obviously there are difficulties.Some reasons come from reason, some from practice, or both reason and practice. Let’s briefly talk about it below. The so-called truth is that the emotion is complex, the body is simple, and it is difficult to form a one-to-one relationship with the complex versus the simple.The complexity of affection can be seen from two aspects.On the one hand, it is more.There are various types that come from quality, such as sadness, some are lovelorn, and some lose their official position; there are also various types that come from quantity, still taking sadness as an example, some are in pain, and some are unhappy for a while.The total number comes from the variety of quality and the variety of quantity, and the number is infinite.Another aspect is that it is hazy.It is not like many external objects, such as bricks and tiles, which are tangible and can be seen; such as birdsong, which have sound and can be heard.It does exist, because it can make people feel that it is even unbearably obvious, but when you really look for it, you often suffer from being unable to grasp it, distinguish it, and even don’t know where it lives.In this way, more obscurity becomes indeterminate.And the style of poetry, even the different tones of the words can be counted, after all, it is limited.With limited matching, it is like buying shoes. Naturally, the two feet will not be exactly the same, but they can only be worn in the same size.This is a will, but it is a last resort, so I have no choice but to be content with the same.Composing poems and selecting styles, for the master of affection, he can only be content with the same.Generally speaking, if sentient beings want to express their feelings in the form of poetry, it is necessary to choose a style, but if it is completely suitable, it is difficult even in theory.

Then take a step back, how about being content with the same?There will also be implementation difficulties.The main reason comes from the uncertainty of affection, which is difficult to grasp.Take using boxes as an example. It is easy to know the quality and quantity of things. If you have a lot of things, use a big box, and if you have a few things, use a small box. If you don’t know the quality and quantity of things, it is difficult to decide which box to use.When this situation is applied to affection, there will be far-reaching entanglements than tangible objects.Affection is invisible and silent. If you want to become tangible and vocal, you have to use words as the body of your body. "Feeling time and flowers splashing tears, hating farewell (read flat tone) and bird frightened" is one kind of affection, "still haggard with time, unbearable (read flat tone)" is another kind of affection, we know that the two belong to the same kind of sadness One category and each has its own characteristics, which is based on words.Does this mean it must be tailor-made clothes?Of course only God knows.In this way, or from this point of view, the indetermination of affection becomes even more indeterminate, and thus the suitability of body selection becomes even more uncertain.Maybe it is because of this, reading the works of the ancients, you can feel that different body images can express similar affections, such as "Le Youyuan Shang Zhaoling" is a poem, "Western wind shines, the Han Family Tomb" is a word, that is, In this way, it is even possible to do the opposite, such as writing "I am not ashamed of the man, I will hug him when I turn around" in poetry, and "A thousand years of history, a hero can't find Sun Zhongmou's place" in words, that's it.

The above is to say that it is not easy to have affection and express it in selected styles in poetry, so that it is always in harmony with each other.Dealing with this is not easy, and there are two attitudes: negative and positive: Negative is to ignore, have affection, and take whatever you want; positive is to choose and be content with the same.Obviously, we should take a positive attitude, because we admit that different bodies have different sentiments, and we should distinguish between them.Distinguish, don't differentiate, it can be as big as between people.Take Lao Du and Xiao Du as examples. Both of them only write poems, not lyrics (related to the fashion).Looking at the relationship between the two people with Wenru as a spectacles, it can be summed up that Lao Du has strength but not softness (or very little), such as the almost fragrant "fragrant mist, cloud and wet (read in flat tone), clear brilliance, jade arms and cold", also Xiao Du is not like that, but has strength and softness, such as "I want to go to the river and the sea" is rigid, and "cardamom twigs and early February" is soft.There is rigidity but no softness, such as Lao Du, who can only write poems and not lyrics.There is strength and softness, such as Xiao Du, who can write both poems and lyrics.He didn't write lyrics, but we can imagine that if the affection of "cardamom twigs" is included in "Butterfly Love Flower" or "Sapphire Case", it will be more suitable than in "Qijue".In the same way, after the Tang Dynasty, many literati also wrote poems, such as Cheng, Zhu and their corporals, they always wrote less poems; the opposite, such as Zhu Yizun and Nalan Chengde, could write more poems .

In terms of personality, at least for ordinary people, most of them are a mixture of rigidity and softness, so they are emotionally moved. If they want to express in the form of poetry, they should tailor their clothes to suit the body first, and then write.Because you have to be content with the same, you may as well just consider the rough when choosing the body.It can be discussed from big to small, and from the total.The biggest is between poetry and words, as mentioned above, corresponding to the nature of affection, just is suitable for poetry, and soft is suitable for words.Hardness and softness are generally distinct, such as the rigidity involved in the country and society, and the softness involved in the boudoir.The affection involving the boudoir can be pleasant or uncomfortable.Unsuitable ones, which arouse unrestrained feelings, are the softness, so you can write a poem like "Yangzhou dream after ten years, and win (read the tone) the brothel's lucky name"; At this moment, the sachet is secretly explained, and the words of "lightly divided" are used.From the narrowing of the poems, let's talk about the poems first.The boundary between ancient poetry and modern style is quite clear. The bold and rough are suitable for ancient poetry, and those that are painful and need to be described are also suitable for ancient poetry, and vice versa.It is also the affection that is suitable for entering ancient poems. The vigorous ones are suitable for the Qigu, and the gloomy ones are suitable for the Wugu.In the near style, the choice between quatrains and regulated poems may start from the aspect of quantity, simple quatrains and complex regulated poems.As for the five-character and seven-character characters, it can be determined by the degree of emotion fluctuation: if the fluctuation is small and gentle, it is suitable to enter five characters; if the fluctuation is large and violent, it is suitable to enter seven characters.Let's talk about the various tones of the words.The choice between small orders and long tunes can also be started from the aspect of quantity, simple affection into small orders, and more complicated ones into long tunes.The second is to look at the joys and sorrows of affection. For sad ones, it is better to use the tone of the words that enter the rhyme, and for the happy ones, it is best to use the tones that enter the rhyme.The tone of the rhyme is also the same, some are suitable for expressing angry feelings, such as "Man Jianghong", "Congratulations to the Bridegroom", and some are suitable for expressing gentle feelings, such as "Butterfly Love Flower", "Taking Sha Be careful.

But such a wishful thinking may still be a theory on paper, which is easier said than done.The reasons are, as mentioned above, firstly, affection is difficult to catch; secondly, desire to catch, which can only be caught after wearing a coat of words; Printed into the anthology, readers of future generations will have to admit it.These, at least sometimes, can make selection difficult.what to do?My experience, with the spirit of being content with the same, can be supplemented by the following methods. One is to take the famous works of the ancients as samples, and draw cats and tigers like cats and tigers.It's not difficult, you can borrow someone else's wine glass and pour your own chant as a lead, and you can get it at your fingertips.Examples abound.Many people have this kind of experience. When autumn is high and the leaves are falling, they go to some ruins, nostalgic for the past, and feel moved by a burst of emotion. If you don't see anyone, read the long time of heaven and earth, and you're sad but tears" and other complete sentences will slip to your lips, and you will push the boat along the current, chant once or two or three times, even if you don't have tears, you can always become calmer.For example, many people who have passed their prime years have the experience of revisiting Shenyuan. The jade brickwork is still there, but Zhu Yan has changed. I ask you how much you can worry? It’s like a river of spring water flowing eastward, just like a sentence like this, just shed a few more tears.This unknowingly slipped to my lips, and it is reasonable to say that there is a coordinated relationship between emotion and body, which is equivalent to paving the way for body selection.Take a step back, it doesn’t matter if it doesn’t slip to your lips, after reading too much, you will always remember many famous articles of various genres, you can use the method of buying hats, get a few, try wearing them on your head, and finally choose the one that is not too big not small.Try this way, maybe more than one is suitable. For example, if you have a lot of generosity, you should use generous affection. You can find samples in famous works and check it out. manage?In my opinion, if there is no difficulty, you can choose one;

If there is a difference in difficulty, it is better to choose the one that is not too laborious for you. Second, some of the difficulty and difficulty come from the subjective, which leads to another supplementary method, which is: when there is nothing to do, choose what you are familiar with or what you are good at.It is rare for a person to be omnipotent. Famous masters such as Li and Du are not good at all genres. For example, in ancient poetry, Li Qigu is better than five ancient poems. On the contrary, for Du, five ancient poems are better than seven ancient poems; Li's poems are better than Li's.In this way, taking acting as an example, if you want to win a lot of money, of course you have to play what you are good at (including roles and plays).The same is true for writing poems. For example, I am used to and good at writing modern styles. If I have a certain affection, if it is not necessary to compose ancient poems, then it is better to use modern styles to express, because it can get twice the result with half the effort.It is the same or even more so when filling in lyrics. People, especially modern people, cannot be familiar with all the tones of words, have a certain affection, and are suitable for expression in words.

Third, the amount of effort also comes from the difficulty. If it is limited to poetry and words, how to choose (assuming that it can be included in poetry or in words) depends on other considerations besides expression.Lyrics are more difficult than poetry, because the requirements for music are high, and there is also a taste of flowers and respect.In response to such difficulties, it is easy to take refuge, but it is not a matter of course.Some people, or at a certain time, a place, or because of someone or something, just need it and are willing, and it is difficult to let go of the easy, so expand the affection that can be expressed with the five musts into a song "Recalling Qin'e" or " "Butterfly Loves Flowers" is not bad. Fourth, when composing poems and lyrics, emotion is the root, subject matter is stem, and the root is underground. It depends on the subject matter to emerge from the ground. Therefore, the choice of style and subject matter are also important conditions for deciding where to go.It is an important condition, not a decisive one. For example, boudoir grievances and autumn thoughts can be included in both modern style poems and multiple tones of Ci.This is the free end.There is also an end that cannot be free, such as "Peacock Flying Southeast", "From Beijing to Fengxian County Yonghuai Five Hundred Characters", "Pipa Xing" and other narratives, obviously can only use ancient style poems; It is difficult to write if there are too many things too much.Even if it is purely romantic, as He Zhu wrote in "Sapphire Case", "Lingbo doesn't pass Hengtang Road, but watches the fragrant dust go", even the dusty socks are blurred, and they are written into poems, not to mention ancient styles, but modern styles If you think it is too sluggish, you have no choice but to compose the lyrics.There are a variety of themes, many of which belong to the non-free end. Taking the famous works of the ancients as samples, there will be no difficulty in selecting themes. Fifth, the human world and worldly affairs are complicated. Sometimes, there are some fragmented situations that seem to have little relationship, but they also have the power to influence the selection.Take a little example.No matter what the opportunity is, you need to write one or two poems, and no matter what the opportunity, you must rush to write the chapter. If you have Su Dongpo's talent and learning, you can naturally write verses, or even more than one poem; as for us ordinary people, we should have self-knowledge. , to write one or two quatrains and complete them in a short period of time.Another example is passive writing, why do people write paintings, and the space on the painting is limited, so it is not suitable to make a big splash, and it is better to put together a quatrain.Another example is that if you encounter an opportunity and need to write a poem as a gift, and the sentiment of the person who has little love and respect, it is best not to write lyrics, and at most a poem of Qilu will be enough.Other situations can be deduced by analogy. Finally, I would like to say a little happy word: body selection is not difficult, that’s one of the reasons; second, it doesn’t matter if the selection is inappropriate, it’s like having Lin Daiyu’s heart but not Lin Daiyu’s face, but since she has been born, the viewer and Those who are watched can only accept it and think it should be done.