Chapter 23 21. Prototype

The above mentioned poems, speeches, various aspects, nagging, and said a lot.The title of the book contains the word "writing". For the requirements of writing, maybe those nagging should be counted as a foil?The foil is also indispensable, because you must prepare before writing; without preparation, you will have nothing in your heart, and you will not be able to write.But preparation always serves writing, so let's focus on writing.Obviously, it's going to be hard.There are many reasons.Articles are natural, and they can be obtained by chance, that is, the theory is easy to say, but it is difficult to turn it into practice.The article is a matter of ages, and the gains and losses are well known, that is, it is not easy to get the point, and the second is also.The third is especially deadly, because I know very little, there are no goods on the shelves, and I am open for business, so it is inevitable that I will be stretched.But we still have to talk about it. As a last resort, I have to lose more and more. Based on my own experience (including what I have seen and heard), I will talk about some things that I should pay attention to or know that I want to write after reading a lot.This article is the beginning, let’s talk about it in general first; from the next article, it will be divided into several key points.

Writing poems and lyrics is not the same as eating and drinking, and is not necessary for everyone; on the other hand, it is something for the willing to take the bait.From the perspective of not being necessary for everyone, it is dispensable; but from the perspective of willingness to take the bait, it seems to be indispensable.Some teenagers live frugally, empty their wallets, and exchange poems and word appreciation dictionaries, which can illustrate this situation.People are diverse, and life is complicated. Some get up early to enter the market and get blushed for a penny, while others avoid the morning market and twist their mustaches because they are not stable.So it’s okay to say that poetry, words, poetry, and lyrics are also necessary. The difference from diet is that it’s for everyone, and it’s not for everyone.Not everyone, the reason comes from the level of education, because writing requires a minimum of literacy, and in the past, maybe including the present, many people were illiterate or barely literate.There are also those who come from the destiny of nature. Taking the characters in the book as an example, Xiangling is eager to learn poetry, but Xue Pan does not. Presumably this dumb king does not need to express his affection in poetry.This can explain that, besides needing to be familiar with characters, the first requirement is that there must be the kind of affection often written in poems, or ask Tao Gong Yuanming to help explain, after picking chrysanthemums and drinking, There is also the busy life of "the strong will is always there" and the leisure time of "willing to be a collar in the clothes".

If this kind of busyness and leisure is counted, maybe Xue Pan and his ilk will also have it?But it is difficult to turn a trickle into poetry, so there is a lot of busyness and leisure, but also to a considerable extent.Concentration is easy, or in other words, it is bound to become a kind of force, a force that is eager to express.Some people call it the desire to create, and it’s okay to be humble here. It’s just that, with this kind of affection, there is still interest (or can’t help but) to express the affection in a plain and mediocre form. As far as I know, there are not very few people who have such an interest.Of course, they all like to read poetry and lyrics.Familiar, or quite familiar, and occasionally I will go to some city, some stage, or hand in hand in front of flowers, pour alone under the moon, my mood will inevitably be a little turbulent or fluttering, so I think in my heart, I really want to write a poem or a word, Write down your impressions of the film.Some people retreat modestly and don't dare to imitate me, but they recite some idiomatic sentences, such as "Where is the village in the sunset", "A thousand miles of beauty" and so on. , should also be classified into the category of writing with interest.But there are not many people who really pick up a pen to write, at least for now.There is more than one reason for this.I just want to say one thing here, which is "fear".There is not only one kind of fear, for example, it was done by Li Bai, Du Fu, Yan Shu, Qin Guan and other people, how do you know it?Of course I don’t dare to care about it; poems have rhythm, rhyme, level and so on, it’s too difficult to touch;I'm afraid this is not completely unreasonable; what is unreasonable is the attitude of dealing with it. You should not retreat despite difficulties, but you retreat.There is a reason not to retreat.First, any skill is learned slowly and tempered gradually. Li Bai, Du Fu, etc. were not born with the ability to compose poetry. If they can learn it, why can’t we learn it?Second, the level of achievement is allowed to vary. If we learn, the income cannot be high, and it is okay to settle for low.I think, in this case, it is best to take the words of the French philosopher Bergson as a pointer, he said: "If you want to know whether you can walk, just walk."

It is just to encourage walking, which is close to empty theory; empty theory may not be able to solve practical problems.The practical problem, or the unavoidable difficulty, as I have said before, is to find out the rhythm.This can be divided into two aspects: on the one hand, it is arranging shelves for flat and flat characters and rhyme characters, especially words, which are of all kinds and difficult to remember; , one of which is the tone, even if you are familiar with the pronunciation of Mandarin, you cannot completely follow the pronunciation of Mandarin.I remember that I also said before that there are two kinds of difficulties in writing poetry, one is to have the kind of affection suitable for poetry, and the other is to have the ability to choose appropriate words and sentences to express that kind of affection.Compared with this great difficulty, figuring out the rhythm is a small difficulty.Probably because big difficulties are like clouds of smoke, distant and ambiguous, and minor difficulties are like clothes and shoes, close but specific.Then just talk about the difficulty of the meter.I have always believed that the reason for being afraid of difficulties in this area is due to unclear understanding and laziness.Laziness may be more fundamental, because ignorance comes from unwillingness to face up to it, and it can also be said to be lazy.The opposite of laziness is "diligence"; if you can be diligent, the difficulties in this aspect can quickly disappear.This optimistic idea can find a secure basis, that is, diligence can produce "familiarity".Take melody as an example, it should be connected with mediocrity, it should be followed by mediocrity, everyone knows that it is a matter of being born once and familiar with twice (the tone of the words is changeable, you can check the word spectrum, it doesn't matter if you can't be familiar twice); Take a step back and say that if you are not familiar with it twice, it is no problem three or four times, at most ten or eight times, there will be no problem, right?In this way, if you use the medicine of Qin to cure it, not to mention the neatly regulated poems, there are all kinds of "Golden Hazel Song", "Lanling King" and so on. How difficult is it to recite it?As for the property of each individual character, it is easier to solve it with the method of diligence.For example, when writing a poem about Qilu, you want to rhyme with eleven real rhymes. The rhymes use the five words Xin, Jin, Chun, Jun, and Xin. If you are not sure, you can ask for help from Qin. Knowing that the last two are wrong, the gentleman is the twelve rhyme, the heart is the twelve intrusion rhyme, made a mistake, hit a wall, according to the principle of once born, twice familiar, can't you remember?Another example is when I got excited, I had an idea, and I uttered a sentence "Drizzle knocks on bamboo leaves". Wrong, made a mistake once, can't you remember?Therefore, it is unnecessary to be diligent and familiar.

Diligent birth and familiarity, life can only be born slowly, so while not being afraid, it is not appropriate to seek quick success.Writing Xiangling's poems is progressing quite quickly. This is a novel, which adapts to the reader's interest and patience, so it is not easy to procrastinate; when it comes to reality, at least according to ordinary people, it cannot be so fast.One of the reasons is that improvement should be based on the gradual accumulation of reading and thinking as capital, and the longer the time, the better.The second reason is that writing is also a kind of skill, and the principle of practice makes perfect applies. You need to write more to benefit, and more time cannot be shorter.This meaning can be further explained in two aspects.On the one hand, as far as the nature of "success" is concerned, there are differences in the degree of success, that is, in terms of famous artists, generally the works in their later years exceed those in their early years.On the other hand, it is about the attitude of seeking success, because it is "being a poet with other things", at least for the sake of contentment and happiness, it is appropriate to regard success as indifferent, or to put it another way, success, like Li Du, Qin Huang Of course it's good, but it's not good, it's still in the same group as ordinary people, and it's still the right place.The above is just what people say.As far as the works are concerned, the same is true for as few as one and a half poems. It is possible to get the sentence "spring grass grows in a pond" in a dream, which is seamless and wonderful; How about it, or I thought it was okay at the time, and when I look at it later, there are shortcomings, or a sudden inspiration, small or even major changes (such as Wang Jinggong's "The Spring Breeze Greens the South Bank of the River", which changed more than once), turned iron into Jin, obviously, this takes time, and it is difficult to achieve it quickly.

Take your time, there should be an arrangement.Everyone knows this, from easy to difficult.The difficulty of each style of poetry has been mentioned earlier.Generally speaking, it is more difficult to write long poems, so when trying to write poems, it is better to start with quatrains, followed by verses, with five characters first and then seven;But the difficulty is just for the whole article, if not only the article but also the good, the relationship between the difficulty and the easy will become complicated.Wujue is short and full of content, with endless aftertaste. It may be more difficult than verses, and this meaning has also been mentioned earlier.This is just a trial run, let's be satisfied with the whole article, it is better to start with the short ones and then the long ones.This short also includes, at least occasionally, no articles.The ancients used Xi Bao to pack fragmented sentences, waiting to be pieced together, and they were content to be incomplete before they were pieced together.Famous writers such as Xie Lingyun's "spring grass grows in the pond" and Du Fu's "Jiangtian desert and desert birds go together", I think it was a brainstorm, I only got a little bit of this, and I will work hard to patch it up later, and find "Garden willows turn into songbirds", "Wind and rain" Every now and then the dragon sings ", there is inevitably a difference between getting on and off the bed, so it can be seen that it should be cherished if it is not complete.When composing regulated poems, sometimes it is the couplet in the middle that comes to mind first. Many people have this kind of experience.It is dedicated to the article, and the arrangement is sequential, and it may not be advisable to use the subjective feeling as the criterion, that is, whichever one you think is easy, you can start with the one first.But writing poems and lyrics is different from climbing the ladder to the house, and you can't skip the steps.For example, after doing the Five Jue a few times, it’s okay to bite the bullet and try the Qilu.It is not without benefits to skip the level like this. If you go back and do the five masters again, you will feel easier.The same is true for lyrics. Xiaoling filled out a few poems, and you might as well try "Touching Fish", etc.In addition, compared with poetry, words are more difficult, complex rhythm is a small difficulty, and having a son-in-law of Huajian and Zunqian is a big difficulty; because it is difficult, it is better to try it later, and pay more attention to it in order to complete the article Afterwards, Yi'an laymen and others saw it, and they did not ridicule it as "a poem that does not repair words and sentences".

I have to talk about a bigger and wider difficulty, which is what kind of tangible and vocal words should be used to express the intangible and silent affection.In theory, it seems that you can't say, what kind of words and sentences are not allowed.However, the power of tradition cannot be ignored. We read a large number of poems, and the language used clearly has its own characteristics.This feature will be discussed later, and it is admitted here that it is necessary, but in this way, we have to further admit that if we want to express the feelings of poetry, we must, at least the best, use the language of poetry. .That kind of language is very different from what we use every day, and it is also quite different from the non-rhyme classical Chinese we read.This will inevitably bring difficulties. Yes, if you have affection, if you are not familiar with that language, you will not be able to write it.Beginner, trial production, what should I do?One way is to "learn the tongue", that is, borrow, or dismantle, the ancients.This method, if Hanwen is known to the public, must be very disapproving, because he advocates "just do what you say."In fact, his words still need to be analyzed.Even as far as Han Wengong is concerned, the statements he made are only in the middle, and as for the two ends, they are still not new statements at all.Of these two ends, the smaller one is words that are smaller than a sentence, and even a part of the language, of course, is handed down through the ages and shared by everyone; the big one is the meaning expressed by paragraphs and articles, which we all know and are popular in the world. The way of sages and sages is also an old saying.Leaving aside meaning, we only talk about expressive language. It should be said that whether a statement counts as cliché or not depends on how we look at dismantling (putting together new ones) and how we look at GM.Daily language, the scope is too large, it is difficult to say; or focus on poetry. "Hundreds of world events are unbearable (read Ping Sheng) sad", "Where is the drunkenness tonight?" If you break it down into "Hundred Years", "World Affairs", "Unbearable Sadness", "Tonight", "Drunkenness", and "Where", Because they are common, they all become statements.The ingenuity of the operator is that he (or she) can disassemble and change.There is a difference in the degree of demolition. "Traveling back, like in the middle of the water", is similar to the artistic conception of "suddenly looking back, but the man is there, where the lights are dim". If it can be regarded as demolition and modification, it is a major demolition and modification.Unlimited poems and famous lines, although inferior, as long as it is not plagiarized, it can also be regarded as a major demolition.No matter how low the level is, such as Li Bai's "A Pot of Wine Among the Flowers" and Gao Shi's "A Pot of Wine by the Bedside", if there is any imitation, it can only be regarded as a minor demolition and modification.There are even lower ones, such as Wang Jinggong who changed Wang Ji's "the mountain with birds singing is more secluded" to "the mountain without a bird singing is more secluded".Trying to write poems, I can learn to speak, referring to a large number of major demolition and a small amount of small demolition.For example, using those stored in the memory of reading, it is possible to change it to "a hundred years of merits and demerits", "looking back and regretting" (big change); Where to wake up" (small demolition and modification), it is also possible.To start a trial is to learn, to exercise, to beg your neighbors, although it is not very crowning, as long as it is conducive to the improvement and success (the big change can properly express the affection), it is regarded as a channel rather than a purpose , is beneficial and harmless.

But success is not easy after all, so in order to avoid mistakes, we must be cautious.As far as I know, some people try to make it, and they often have a fluke mentality, and when they finish it, they think it is not bad, and they think there will be no problems.In fact, as a beginner, if you are not familiar with the meter, if you don't check it carefully, there may be almost no chance that it happens to be good.So the best policy is to check carefully.The benefits are near, which means that this article is good; and those that are far, are when you find something wrong, and gain wisdom from one incident, and you can avoid mistakes in the same situation next time.

After finishing the article, can I ask others for advice?Of course, if the person you ask for advice knows well and has the virtue of tireless teaching, asking for advice will often be faster and deeper than your own understanding.Of course, everyone has their own opinions, at least sometimes, they must have their own opinions, and don't let the wind fall. Finally, I will talk about it in general, read it, appreciate it, and it is best to go further and do it.Work should start with courage and not be afraid of difficulties; continue with diligence and perseverance; finally be steady, considerate, revise, and don't rush for success.