Chapter 3 volume two

Yao, Shun and Yu are all names.There was no name in ancient times, so the emperors all used their names.Linwen is not shy. [1] Hu Wending compiled the Spring and Autumn Zhazi, and the ministers heard that the ancients did not use the name as a taboo. The Yao Code said that there was a widower named Yu Shun, so Yao and Shun firmly named the two emperors, and the Yao Code was written by the historian of the Yu family.It directly carries the name of its king without avoiding it.Kaozhi Shangshu, the emperor called Ge Rushun, Ge Ruyu, and his names were also his ministers.After the death of Yao, Shun and his ministers said that he was the emperor.After the collapse of Yu, the song of the five sons was called the emperor's ancestor. ?? Zheng said the first king.Wordless Yao, Shun and Yu.Don't dare to name his king.From enlightenment to hair all names are also.In the season of Xiahou's family, there began to be those named Shigan.Jie's Gui, Shang's Baoding, Baoyi, Baobing, Zhuren, and Zhugui are all named in place of their names, [2] Bai Hutong said, Zhizhi is named after his birthday.From Tianyi to Xin are all titles [3] Taijia, Woding, Zhongding, Hedanjia, Zuyi, and Pangeng are all regarded as the names of books, but only their titles.The title of the king of Shang is not well-known, but the name is found in the scriptures. Two, Tianyi's name is Lu, and Xin's name is accepted. [4] Wu Geng?????? is also the name, and Father Lu is the name.It is also called Tang and Zhou. [5] Kong's Xibo Kan Li Xu Biography, also received by Zhou, the sound is chaotic.The name is obtained by the courtiers, so Yiyin is called Weiyin Gongji Tang, Song is called Wutang, and Chengtang is called Chengtang.Said Tang Sun also. [6] Weizi's commandment is the ancestor Chengtang, and Duoshi said that Er's ancestor Chengtang is called by his officials.It is called Wen Zu, Yi Zu, Shen Zong, Huang Zu, Lie Zu, Gao Zu, Gao Hou, Zhong Zong, Gao Zong, and the temple names started.He was called King Xuan and King Wu, and his posthumous posthumous title was established.They are called Da Shun, Shen Yu, Dayu, Cheng Tang, King Ning, and the titles are numerous.Since Xia was pure in quality, the emperor had a name but no name.Since Shang, he has been immersed in literature, so he is famous and famous.And those who are prosperous in virtue have posthumous posthumous titles.So Zhou Gong made a posthumous posthumous title accordingly.Since the son of heaven reached the doctor of Qing, both good and evil have posthumous posthumous titles.But the number of ten thousand did not stand. [7] According to historical records, Qi Taigong's family, Taigongzi Dinggong, Dinggongzi Yigong, Yigongzi Guigong, are still called merchants.Lu Chun said, according to the records of the Shiben, there were few princes who had posthumous posthumous titles before King Li.Afterwards, all have posthumous posthumous titles.However, Wang Ji and above do not pursue posthumous posthumous titles, but still use the etiquette of merchants.In the quality of this article, the righteousness of the courtier is also.Alas!This is why he is a saint!

In clan alliances, first the same surname and then different surnames, the discipline of mourning pays more attention to family members than to foreign relatives.This must be received, not from the Zhou people.Keming Junde is a relative of the nine clans.According to Kong Chuan, relatives from Gaozu to great-great-great-grandson covered this little note on mourning clothes.It is said that three is five, and five is nine, and it cannot be changed in a hundred generations.Shepherd vowed to count the crimes of merchants, but he said that he fainted and abandoned, that Wang's parents and brothers are not as good as his cousins.Lu Xing Shenming has a state, and he has listed his uncles, uncles, uncles, younger brothers, young children, children and grandchildren, not nephews.The so-called sequence of the ancients can be known from the beginning.Therefore, Erya is called the family in the inner clan, and the party in the mother and wife.As for Hunli and the writings of Zhongni and Yanju's three clans, Kang Cheng also interpreted them as father and son. [8] Annotation on the Unexpectedness of the Three Clans of Yili and Hunli, the three clans are father Kundi, Ji Kundi, and Zikundi.The book of rites, Zhongni Yanju chapter, is also annotated by the three clans and the father and son of the three clans.Du Yuankai refers to the ??????son of maternal grandfather, maternal grandmother, mother, son, wife, father, wife, mother, aunt, son, sister, and daughter.Those who are not of the same race as oneself are all foreign relatives, but those of other races are obedient. [9] The six-year biography of Duke Huan of the Zuo family.However, the official historian called Emperor Yao, citing his ignorance and leaving behind his relatives, is it really upside down?Moreover, there is clear proof in the scriptures that the nine clans have the same surname.In the fifteenth year of Lu Chenggong's reign in the Spring and Autumn Period, the death of Song Gonggong said that the Erhua Dai clan was also, the Sichengzhuang clan was also, and the six officials were all from the Huan clan.The public distance is Daigong IX. [10] In addition to the four males who are in the same world within the thirteen males.However, the affiliations of the nine clans of Zhengqing in charge of the emperor in the six classics of the Tang Dynasty are in the order of Bie Zhaomu, and the difference between relatives and estrangements.Nine out of fifty descendants of the Nine Temples belong to their clan.Emperor Guang's family, Emperor Jing's family six, Yuan Emperor's family three, Gaozu's family twenty-one, Taizong's family ten and three, Gaozong's family six, Zhongzong's family four, Ruizong's family five.At the time of Xuanzong, there were seven clans. [11] The two sects of Zhong Rui belonged to the same generation.If there are many generations, there will be more than nine, and the five generations will die.Therefore, those who speak of the family of scriptures stop at nine. [12] Du's biography in the twelfth year of Xiang said that the same family is called Gao Zu.Then what I said before is not to be debated.Furthermore, Confucian justice said that there is no reason for the great ancestors and great great grandsons to be related. [13] Huan six years.I don't know that the brothers of Gaozu and the brothers of great-great-grandson can be related.For example, Li Yanzhi, a doctor of the later Wei Guozi, said that life is short and long, and the world has prolongation, and those who cannot be obtained but have the same.As Hongmai Rongzhai of the Song Dynasty said in his essays, Shixin, the king of Sipu, was Cong-uncle in Longxing, great-uncle in Shaoxi, and Gao-uncle in Qingyuan.It proves it. [14] Yu Dingwei met Daifu Lieutenant Junxi in Datong at the age of nearly fifty.Examining the times of his life, it has been 180 years since the Yuan Dynasty of Hongzhi when Yu Xiaozong became the younger brother of Kun.There are more than six or seven grandchildren in the Qin and Jin prefectures.Why is it that Emperor Yao's great-grandfather and great-great-great-grandson clan didn't have one or two people living together?It is suspected that it is irrelevant, but the relatives should take it.It is also ignorant of the principle of governing the country with a family!

Lu Shi said that it was the beginning of the rule of relatives.The Little Book of Rites says that for those who kiss relatives, three is five, and five is nine.It is the so-called nine races.When a wife is born, she has a father, and when she is strong, she has a son. The difference between father and son and myself is the difference between the three clans of Xiao Zongbo. [15] Zhou Li Xiaozong Bo is in charge of the differences between the three clans to distinguish their closeness, and their main wife is called the door.The father is the ancestor of the son, because it is pushed up, and the ancestor of oneself.The son is the grandson of the father, because it is pushed down, and the grandson of himself.This ceremony is passed down as three to five.My ancestors and my sons regard him as the great-grandfather, and my grandson regards him as the great-grandfather.One's grandson is regarded by one's own father as great-grandson, and one's ancestor regards one as great-great-grandson.Therefore, push up and compare yourself with Zeng Gao, push down and compare yourself with Zeng Xuan, this is the so-called five as nine.Chen's book of rites states that one is three for one's own relatives, and five is seven for grandparents' relatives.For those who don't remember, the father and son are one body and Gao Xuan and Zeng are in the same service, so there is no difference.Serve the father for three years, and serve the ancestors for the period, then the great grandfather should make great achievements, and the great ancestor should make small achievements.And those who are all in decline for three months dare not add the service of relatives with great or small merits to the supreme one, so they pay attention to their decline and respect them.Reduce the sun and the moon, grace and kill.This is the so-called upper kill.Serve Shizi for three years, the bastard period.Appropriate grandson period, concubine grandson great merit. [16] Those who are suitable for grandchildren are those who are important. If there are suitable sons but no suitable grandchildren, then the eldest sons are all grandsons.Therefore, the great-grandson should be in May, and the great-great-grandson and the great-great-grandson will both live in March.The great-grandfather respected him, so he added Qi and declined.The great-grandson was humble, so he took hemp.This is called killing.If you serve the ancestors, then the uncle should make great contributions.It is expected to be one with the father. [17] Zhou Dao kisses, the most important thing is a brother.The son of the brother goes on for a period, and his obedience is the same as that of the son.The brother of the father goes on for a period of time, and his obedience is the same as that of the grandfather.Therefore, it is called the relative of death and mourning, brother Kong Huai.From the uncle of the world, it is sparse.If you can't add it, you should take the small work.The uncles of the family are sparse, so they wear hemp.This is also the one who sends the father and kills by the side.The ancestor's brother Xiaogong, the great-grandfather's brother made hemp, and the great-grandfather's brother Wufu.It is also the one who makes the ancestor and kills by the side.The same father and relatives, period.It is a great achievement to follow the same ancestors.The same great-grandfather is another follower, a small merit.With Gaozu as three obediences, hemp.This hair brother is also the one who kills by the side.The father is the son.The son of a brother should be born in September, and those who are not due in September should enter it with their sons.From the brother's son Xiaogong, and then from the brother's son, the one who kills by the side.The ancestor is the grandson Dagong, the brother's grandson Xiaogong, and the brother's grandson grows hemp.This hair grandson is also the one who kills by the side.Covering and serving can be increased, rewarded, and reduced.The ancestors all decline, and the uncles and sons all increase.The March of the great-grandson and the May of the brother's grandson are also reported.If the husband has the fourth grade, it is not the right one of the five clothes.Looking at the training of the nine clans, it is like the texts of mourning and examining concubine, knowing the name of the clan and the number of disciplines, surpassing the two emperors.Later Wei Xiaowentai and the sons of Zhongzhao Yansi Temple arrested the great-great-grandson, and Shenzong had a banquet in Huangxintang.It is not based on the rank of the noble, but on the order of Zhao Mu, and uses the etiquette of the family.This is also derived from the meaning of the ancient sage's family harmony.

In ancient times, the Yao Dian and Shun Dian were combined into one piece, so the month, Zhengyuan, and the day were placed after Wenzu, and the counselor of Yue Si must be called the one who said Shun, so as to be different from the emperor above.Until his order, Yu began to proclaim himself emperor.The questions and answers are clear, so there is no doubt. The theory of retribution for good and evil has been said by sages.Dayu said that Hui Diji was rebellious and evil, but only the scene.Tang said that the way of heaven is full of blessings, goodness and misfortunes, and Yi Yin said that God is not always, and that good things bring all kinds of auspiciousness, and bad things bring all kinds of disasters.Confucius said that a family with good deeds will have celebrations, and a family with bad deeds will have disasters.Is it true that there is a god who is responsible for its misfortune and good fortune, like the Taoist so-called heavenly god who observes people's good and evil, and Shishi's so-called hell retribution?The mutual perception of goodness and badness is like the flow of water and the dryness of fire.This Mencius's so-called ambition is to move one's spirits, and the poems say that the people in the sky are like smoke, like a chime, like a taboo, like a gui, and like taking it, like carrying it.If it is not in order, it is like the coldness of summer and the sluggishness of winter, which are obtained by chance in one day, rather than the righteousness of four seasons.Therefore, it is said that sincerity is the way of heaven.If it is said that there are ghosts and gods in charge of them, they are as trivial as the actions of human officials, then those who are closest to retribution will be far away.

Is there any residence in Maoqian?Transformers are also goods. [18] The word Guhuahuo is commonly used.The biography of Zhongni's disciples in Shiji has been transferred with time.Suo Yin said, family language is transformed into goods.If luck does not accumulate, it is called transformation.If it stays but does not disperse, it is called goods.The world of Tang and Yu is called transformation.To Yin people began to name goods.Zhong Hui said that he would not breed goods, and Sanfeng said that he died in the fear of goods.However, Pan Geng's edict said that he should not shoulder good goods, so the word "transformation" was changed to "transformation and transformation into transformation".And the rich and generous king, the rich master, has a lot of things that can't be changed.

Shun wrote the song of the south wind, which is called the one who persuades him to use nine songs. [19] Zuo Chuanwen was eight years old, but he was short of saying that all the virtues of the nine merits can be sung, which is called the Nine Songs.After reading it, you will know that those who understand the anger of our people must care about the wealth of our people.And since Fu Qicai has been the resentment of the world since then. Beijiang is now the Yangtze River, and Zhongjiang is now the Wusong River. [20] Dongdaobei will be a sink, and the cover refers to lakes such as Gucheng Shijiu.Don't talk about Nanjiang, but see it with Sanjiang.Nanjiang is also the present Qiantang River. [21] Ben Guo Pu said.Yugong should include all kinds of streams, and there is no reason to leave Zhejiang alone.And Kuaiji is also a place where the princes will count their achievements in the future.Especially because of the little meritorious service, it is not said in Dao Shuier.Since Sanjiang enters, there is one thing.It's another thing to shake the bottom of the lake.Later interpreters must say that the three rivers are all Yao Zhenze.The two sentences are related to each other as the article, but their theories began to diverge. [22] Cheng Dachang said, since Ruoshui is west and Jing belongs to Weirui, it must be said that the word Ji is the beginning of the context, so if Ruoshui is not west, can it cross the Qin Long and mess up Jingwei?It can be described as a theory of solution.

In today's world, everyone has no land, and everyone has a surname.The law of covering the land from Xitu was abolished, and the emperors below the Tang and Song dynasties were like the common people, and there was no solidity to keep them forever.The law of the Xi surname was abolished, and the Yi and Di species under Wei Qi were in chaos in China, and there was no defense against the cunning Xia. [23] In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was rumored that the traitor with the surname Yun lived in Guazhou, and those who covered the ancients were divided into three seedlings in the north.There are many later despicable Confucians who read Yugong without knowing its meaning.

In the Xia and Shang dynasties, the son of the emperor, who enfeoffed the country and became a prince is not seen in the scriptures.There are five Jue brothers in Taikang's corpse.How could Yi usurp Xia Zai if he made it and built Maotu as the country's Pinghan?Fu Chen said that it was not salty for Zhou Gong to hang on to his second uncle, so the feudal relatives used Fan to screen Zhou. [24] Du's explanation said, Hanging injuries are also salty.Zhou Gong hurt Xia Yin's uncle, alienated his relatives, and even perished, so he widely sealed his brothers.And Shaokang entrusted his concubine son to Kuaiji to worship Yu for more than 20 generations. As for Goujian of Yue, who died and dominated the princes, there was Yu's legacy, and the husband also supervised Taikang's isolation.If it is what Confucius said that the Dao is hidden, the world is a family, everyone kisses his relatives, and each son is his son, you can also know it from this.

Yao, Shun and Yu are all capitals in Hebei, so it is called Hebei.Until Taikang, Hebei was lost, and the five sons followed their mother, so they went to Henan.Then it was passed on to the prime minister, and the death was destroyed by Zhuo.The ancient sons of heaven lost their old capitals, and there was no one capable of a country.Zhou lost Feng Hao, and Ping Wang was to the east.Jin lost Luo and Yang, Song lost Kaifeng, and Yuan Emperor Gaozong moved to Jiangzuo, so he was depressed.However, the five moves of the Yin Dynasty were different when they were buried in the river instead of being watched by the enemy.Since Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the son of heaven has repeatedly tasted hunting, and he returned to the country in a short time, so he did not abandon Chang'an.The old son Yi returned to Luan's watch, and Daizong wept.The performance of Zong Ze's return to Beijing, loyalty and righteousness return to one's heart.Alas!Fortunately, his indulgence was not attached to the hearts of the people, so Shaokang was able to punish him with a group of people.Afterwards, the master unfortunately lost his city, and he thought of it as a plan for revival.

The capital of Xia was originally in Anyi, Taikang was located in Luojiao, and Yi was far away from the river, so the land of Hebei entered Yi.But the east and south of the river belong to Xia.Later, Xiang lost the country and relied on the second pour, so he used the pouring teacher to kill the pour, [25] in today's Shouguang County.To cut down the pot, [26] in Weixian County today.And the phase is destroyed. [27] Zuo Chuan mourned the first year.It is poured in the past. [28] Now Ye County.To control the East.He is in Ge, [29] Du's solution is between Song and Zheng.To control the southern country. [30] Xiang four years.At that time, Miben had Ge, [31] and is now in Deping County.East of the river.Shaokang Ben Youyu, [32] is now Yucheng County.In the south of the river.And from within the river, there is no one who is disturbed by thieves.Combining the words of Wei Jiang and Wu Yuan, we can see the situation of the day.And the reason why Shaokang is a good planner is that it is difficult for him to do anything. [33] Zhushu said that in the first year of Taikang, he lived in Chongfeng, which is not true.

The ancient emperor often lived in Jizhou, and later generations took Jizhou as the name of China because of it.There is more than enough to read the nine songs of Chu Ci and Jizhou.Huainanzi and Nuwa's family killed the black dragon to help Jizhou.Lu Shiyun, it is always called Jizhou in China.Gu Liang said, [34] Huan five years.The country with the same surname as Zheng also cares about Jizhou. [35] Zhengyi said that Jizhou is the middle state in the world, and Tang, Yu, Xia and Yin are all capitals.Because Zheng is close to Wang Ji, he cites Jizhou as the saying. Xi and the corpse official are slow.If Gerber does not sacrifice, he forgets his ancestors.As for mobilizing the Six Divisions to punish them and provoking the conquest of neighboring countries, the ancient sages respected heaven and respected their ancestors to the utmost.Therefore, when the king rules the emperor to patrol, the weakening of the princes must precede disrespect and filial piety. However, in the Yuan Dynasty, there is a second moon, Yi Chou.The first year of Taijia, the worshiper of the Yuan Dynasty.In ten, February is the month of Jian Chou.The collapse of Gai Tang must have occurred in December of the previous year.Yin practiced and worshiped, Yiyin shrine to the ancestors, and worshiped the heirs, only to see Que Zu, who made soup in the temple. [36] There is no fixed day for the temple of the non-shuo.The first king was in the temple, and the heir came to the throne, so he became the king. Zeyi Yinnai clearly said that the success of the ancestors was to be taught to the king.If you return from Tong to Bo, and use the December of the three sacrifices, it will be the right time, not something to take. The person who ascends the throne is the position of the first monarch.If it is not done, then death is like life, and the position is like that of the former king.Therefore, the temple was built and the heir came to the throne.Yin practiced and worshiped, and the accession to the throne must be after the due year.Zhou died crying and mourning, so he ascended the throne after more than a year. [37] For example, Lu Chenggong died in August and was buried in December, and Xianggong ascended the throne in the first month of the next year.If someone ascended the throne without waiting for burial, such as Lu's Duke Wen became a Duke, would his etiquette be lost at the end?After three years of mourning, he became the son of heaven, Shun also, and Yu also.If you practice and get up, and get up to the throne, Yin Ye.Ascension to the throne in the first month of the new year, Zhou Ye.The world is changing more and more, and the enthronement before the coffin is a rite for future generations. Those who use Guanzhong to unite the world must be the first to get Hedong.Qin took the Three Jins and then destroyed Yan and Qi, the Fu family took Jinyang and then destroyed Yan, and the Yuwen family took Jinyang and then destroyed Qi, so Xibo conquered Li and the Yin people were afraid. The ancient officials had different positions but the same name, so it was true for the grand masters and the young masters.Bi Ganzhi is a young teacher, and Zhou officials call him Sangu.The young teacher Yang of the Analects of Confucius is the assistant of the music official, and Zhou Li is also called the junior teacher.Therefore, it is said in historical records that Zhouzhi will perish, and his master, the young master, rushes to Zhou with his musical instruments.Later Confucianism mistook it for the micro. [38] Zhou Benji.There are also masters and masters in the history of ancient and modern people in the Han Dynasty. Since ancient times, the country has been in peace for a long time, the legal system has been abolished, and the orders of the superiors cannot be carried out, and there is no one who is not immortal.Zhou died of inhumanity, and everyone knows it.I say not at all.Zhou Zhi was the king, indulging in wine to show off his power for a while, as for cutting his pregnant shins, he was as good as Qi Wenxuan.The decline of Shang has been going on for a long time, and when there is a change, Pan Geng's book means that the officials will not obey the emperor's orders.Change again and the book of Weizi means that the common people are not afraid of the law of the country.As for stealing the sacrifices of gods and gods, and using them to accommodate generals and food without disaster, it can be said that the people play on it and the punishment does not stand. [39] Historical Records Yan Wang Xile heard the book and said that during the time of Zhou, Minzhi would not be imprisoned and prisoners would come out.That is to say, it is still impossible to protect it with the lord of the middle, what's more, with Zhou's madness, fainting and abuse, Zui rushed to report and didn't care?The evil of Wenxuan may not be lessened than that of Zhou, but Qi is stronger.Gao Wei's evil may not be worse than Wenxuan, but Qi Yi died, Wenxuan inherited the martial arts, Ji Gang was established, and Yang Min's generation was assisted, the master was fainted, and the government was cleared.At the highest latitude, the law of the country is gone!Therefore, Yuwen got it and took it.However, when talking about the fall of Zhou and the rise of Wu, and calling it the most benevolent and the unbenevolent, it is a partial speech, and it cannot be regarded as a theory of poor origin. King Wu defeated Shang and killed Zhou, and established his son Wu Geng. The ancestral temple was not destroyed, the society was not moved, and the Yin Dynasty did not perish.Therefore, it is different from those in the past, that if you do not go to the princes, you will not have the world.The preface of the old book is the three supervisors and the Huaiyi rebellion.The Duke of Zhou became king, and he will depose Yin and make a great edict.He also said that since King Cheng deposed Yin, he ordered Wu Geng to be killed. [40] Xunzi said that Duke Zhou killed Guan Shuxu in the state of Yin, and the annotation read as a market place, saying that he killed Wu Geng and moved the recalcitrant people of Yin to Luoyi, and the song of the court was also a market place.It is that Yin's perishing of the world was also burnt by Zhou, and the perishing of his country was also killed by Wu Geng.Gai Wugeng lived in Yin for more than ten years.If Wu Geng does not stand up, Yin Qi will not be dethroned. King Wu conquered Shang, the world was settled, and the country was established by breaking the soil. He did not enshrine the ministers of Zhou with his old capital, but still enshrined Wu Geng, descended to the Hou State, and still had to guard the hometown of his ancestors. [41] Cai Zhongzhi's order was to send Guan Shu to Shang. Wu Geng was not killed, so he was still called Shang.King Wu didn't have the heart to make the world rich, and he didn't doubt his descendants with the rebellion, so he was different from the later generations who usurped and murdered his king, which can be seen here.As soon as Wu Geng was on the side, he ordered Wei Zi to succeed Yin and must be in Song Yan.It is said that the sacrifice of the great fire is caused by the merchants, and it is also because of the relocation of the land.Therefore, it is known that the ancient sage kings conquered and punished them, taking the world but not their country, punishing their emperors and hanging their people, and leaving the ancestors to worship Yansi. [42] Gao Yu Huainanzi commented that the emperor does not destroy the country, the princes do not destroy the surname, and the ancient government is also.King Wu didn't know that the subjects of the Shang Dynasty were unwilling to be collected by the noble families of the old capital of the Zhou Dynasty, and the existence of good governance was preserved, and if there was any unrest, it would be easily shaken, and they would be sealed as their legacy....Gai didn't doubt his descendants because of rebellion, but declared to all generations that those who take the world have no sense of destroying the country.Therefore, in the Song Dynasty, Zhou was called a minister, and Zhou people treated him as a guest.From the words of the Son of Heaven, the Hou obeyed Zhou Ye.From the words of the people of the country, the ministers of Shang are the kings of Shang, and they have not changed from the beginning.The time when King Ping went to Weizi is far away, and it is said that filial piety was obtained from Shang, [43] Zuo Shi mourned for twenty-four years.It is said that the sky has abandoned Shang for a long time, [44] Biography in the 22nd year of Xi.It is said that cutting ginger is not good for Zishang, [45] Ai Nine Years Biography.I know that the success of the Song Dynasty is a business. [46] In the national language, Fu Chai Que, the king of Wu, is a deep ditch that communicates between Shang and Lu.Zhuangzi, the Dazai of Shang asked benevolence in Zhuangzi.Han Feizi, Ziyu saw Confucius in Shang Taizai, and Shang Dazai was envoy to the city of the young bastard.In Yi Zhou Shu Wang Hui Pian, Xia Gong, the left Shang Gong under the hall, stood up.Le Ji, the voice of the Five Emperors of Shang, is also called Shang because of the knowledge of merchants.Zheng's annotation said, it is also a poem of Shang and Song Dynasties.Gai was punished by Wu Geng and restored by Song Dynasty, so the merchants clearly knew the heart of King Wu and Zhou Gong, and the monarchs and ministers went their own way, and there was no longer any complaints about injustice.It is different to fight against the rulers of the later generations to take the kingdom of people, and destroy their ancestral temples and relocate their heavy weapons. [47] Le Ji said that after he voted in Yin, he lived in the Song Dynasty.It was even more wrong to seal Weizi when King Wu got off the carriage. Or what is the difference between moving the recalcitrant people to Luoyi?It is said that those who regard the obstinate people as the people who are corrupted by business customs are also misunderstood by Confucianism.The ancient kings of Gaigu did not kill when they used soldiers, but treated others with kindness.In the battle of the Eastern Expedition, the one who punished was only Wu Geng.The mastermind is in charge of the uncle alone.Get down here and get imprisoned, get down here and get down, get down here and move.And the so-called recalcitrant people are all rebels, there is no way to sit together and punish them, and the capital of Yin cannot be restored, so they have to move.And the original four descendants who couldn't bear to abandon them, so they lived in Luoyi.And he couldn't bear to criticize his side, so he stopped talking about stubborn people.Those who moved with Hupan are mostly the noble families of the merchants, and those who did not stay with Hupan but stayed in Yin, such as Zhu Tuo's so-called division of Kangshu and Yinmin seven clans, Tao's Shi's Fan's Fan's Qi's Fan It is also true that the hunger family is finally Kui family.It is not necessary to relocate a country.In other words, how do you know that it is a party?Said, the people know it with the words of Zhao Gong, why don't you say it?Not against the common people.There is no one among the ancient sage kings who is a rival to a country. Since ancient times, there has been no such thing as killing a king.Tang Zhiyu Jie also let it go.If Zhou did not set himself on fire, King Wu might not treat Zhou the same way Tang treated Jie.Zhou set himself on fire, which is the misfortune of King Wu.At that time, although the eight hundred princes had the ambition to eradicate the disabled, when they heard that their king had seen him killed, the people of the world were also frightened and shocked, and they couldn't go home like King Wu.That's why Boyi denounced his violence.And its anti-Shang government, enfeoffing the descendants of Yin did not benefit their land, so the world knew that King Wu's soldiers had to be a last resort.Then he was content with the death of Zhou and did not think it was the fault of Master Zhou.Therefore, Jizi's song is only resentment against the cunning boy, and there is no hatred left.It wasn't Boyi who was close to Jizi and Jizi was sparse, and it wasn't King Wu who started to be violent and ended up benevolent. The time was different. Toshi's book is only in March when Duke Zhou first arrived in Xinyiluo.The taboo Que used to tell the merchant kings that it was not my small country who dared to give Yin orders.The people of the subjugated country call themselves the kings of Shang, the lords of the new dynasty call themselves my small country, and take the world as the public without losing their old status.The people of Yin are delighted and convinced by this.Thirty years of divination, eight hundred years of divination, the beginning of the foundation. The virtues of business are deep, a foot of land is its existence, and a people is its minister.When King Wu defeated Zhou, he said that he was the only husband to accept it, and Hong Wei was powerful, and he was the king of the world.Said Siyu kid, born to all the soldiers, killed and wiped out.Why?The badness of Zhou also stopped himself, and even merged with his ancestors. Isn't it true that the text of the Thai oath came from the forgers of the people in the Wei and Jin Dynasties? [48] ​​Cai Shi said that it seems that not all of Tai's vows to Wucheng were written by one person.He also quoted Wu's words, suspecting that his book was published late.Or non-exhaustive of the text at that time.Gai has seen this.Especially in the style of commenting on the family, I dare not speak out about its false ears. I dreamed and cooperated with me in divination, and attacked Xiuxiang, and the Rong and merchants must conquer.It is a big matter to defeat the king, but it is a dream, who will believe it?It is almost the same as Lu's Spring and Autumn Period, which contained the words of Yi Qi, saying that King Wu raised his dreams to speak to the public. [49] In the seventh year of Zuo Chuanzhao, Wei Shichao said that the divinity was attacked in dreams, and it was also used by King Wu.It was said at that time. Mencius quoted the king saying that he is not afraid of Ning'er, he is not an enemy of the common people, if he collapses Juejiao and Jishou.Now it is changed to say that if you are not afraid, you would rather stick to it than be an enemy, and the people will be stunned, as if collapsed.Although post-Confucianism is just saying it, it cannot be understood. If the common people have faults, there is only one person, and if the common people do not have healthy food, do not worry about their nature, and do not lead the law, it is my responsibility alone.Now I should obey the will of the people to punish the innocent.Cai said that the people are all responsible for me, which seems to be a joke. Wucheng, the dynasty started from the Zhou Dynasty and conquered the Shang Dynasty.Zhao Gao, the dynasty started from the Zhou Dynasty, and then it reached Feng.At the end of his life, the dynasty started from Zong Zhou and ended in Feng.If you don't dare to take a car and go abroad, I respect you very much. [50] Ma said, where Fengwenwang Temple is located.Zheng believed that going out of the temple and entering the temple is all on foot. Now, according to the book, you walk from Zhou, not only in the temple.Yong Lu thought that walking twenty-five miles would be too far.The later generations are arrogant, reckless and lazy, so they have chariots to travel through the country, sit and see the officials, this is not the rule of the previous kings. [51] The emperor's chariot came out of the room, which was found in the biography of Shusun Tong in the Han Dynasty, and it was also Qin Yi. In the Spring and Autumn Period of the Lu family, when you go out, you use public opinion, and people use chariots. [52] Meicheng Qifa was originally used as an opportunity for impotence.Song Lu Dafang said that the lords of the previous generation also rode on chariots in the palace confinement, and the ancestors all walked from the inner court to the imperial front hall. This is also the law of diligence. [53] Zhou Hui Qingbo Magazine. According to the records of Taizu, in the first year of Wu, it is said that the elders should learn to work hard, so that they will not be arrogant and lazy, and ordered the servants to make hemp and line.Every time you go out of the city a little farther, the horse will go the second, and the step will be the first.As for the first emperor, he also tried to pray to the southern suburbs.Alas, the training of the emperor is far away. The Doctrine of the Mean says that at the end of the reign of King Wu, the Duke of Zhou became a man of civil and military virtues, chasing Wang Dawang Wang Ji.Rumor has it that King Wu retreated from Muzhiye, and led the princes of the world to run around holding beans, chasing the father of the king, Wang Jili, Wen Wangchang.The two sayings are different. Today according to Wu Chengyan, Ding Wei was enshrined in the Zhou Temple, but he told the Shubang Zhongjun that he was called the Great King Wang Ji.The book of gold scorpion congratulates the three kings of Ruoer. When it was King Wu, they had already chased after the king, the king, and Wang Ji, but the words of the mean were not achieved.In Mianzhi's poems, he was called Gugong Danfu in the first place, and he was called King Wen in the next.And the words of the big rumors did not come true.The Jin family of Renshan said, King Wu was already called king on the day he raised his troops, so he is like God, and he is called righteous by performing the rites of the son of heaven.The great-grandson Zhou Wangfa must not be the speech of the historian chasing the book, and the later Confucianists dislike the saint's work and write it wrong.However, the king of King Wen and the king of King Ji are not at the same time.And the chasing king Wang Ji must not be after Zhou Gongjianzuo. [54] It is suspected that King Wu had chased after King Wen before conquering Shang.According to the biography of Boyi in Shiji, Xibo died, King Wu Zaimu was named King Wen, and he defeated Zhou in the east. The lun, the normal way of heaven, earth and man, the so-called five elements, five events, eight politics, five disciplines, emperor pole and three virtues, Jiyi, Shuzheng, five blessings, and six poles are all in it.It's not just Mencius' words about human relations.If one can fully realize one's nature and even one's nature and the nature of things, then one can praise the cultivation of the heaven and the earth, and that's all I can say about it. The ancients had more than one way to seek gods, so divination and divination were used together, and finally the tortoise was the main one.Zhou Li divination people say that the greatness of every country is divined first and then divined later. It is noted that those who use divination should divination first, that is, things are progressing.The evil of the divination will never stop.However, there are tortoises in Hong Fan who follow the rebels, and they know that the ancients did not stick to this.The method of the three signs in the big divination palm has twenty signs in a hundred, and two hundred verses in a thousand, so it is said that the divination is short and the tortoise is long. [55] According to Zuo Zhuan, Duke Xian of Jin will take Li Ji as his wife, which is inauspicious for divination and auspicious for divination.The divination person said, it is better to be long than a short divination tortoise.When things are born, there is an image, after an image, there is growth, and after growth, there are numbers.The number of tortoise elephant divinations means that the number of turtle elephants is long and the number is short.On the Day of Quli and Justice, when everything is born, it has an image, and when it goes away, it is close to the beginning, and it is all-encompassing, so it is long.Numbers are the end, and since we are far away from the beginning, we can only seek the image after looking for the number of things, so we think it is short.From the beginning of the Han Dynasty, when Emperor Wen came, there were still signs of great violence.Yiwenzhi has 53 volumes of Guishu, 26 volumes of Xiaguishu, 28 volumes of Nanguishu, 36 volumes of Juguishu, and 16 volumes of Miscellaneous Guishu.Li Hua of the Tang Dynasty then had the theory of abolishing the tortoise. [56] Old Tang Book. The Lord Shaoguo suspected that the Duke of Zhou lived outside again, and the upper and lower levels were peaceful and heartless patients, and the power of the two Dukes was also there.The king of Wu made an oath and said to the crowd, there are ten rebellious ministers who are of one heart and one mind, and they can see it here.Xunzi said, the second prince is benevolent and wise and not concealed, so he can support Zhou Gong and be equal to Zhou Gong in fame, wealth and fortune. The micro son is in the Zhou Dynasty, and he is covered by the country but not by the noble.Accepting the country is to preserve the sacrifice of the ancestors, and not accepting the title to show that you are not a minister.Therefore, he is called Weizi throughout his life. [57] Kong's book biography says that the name of the country in Weiji is also Viscount. When Wei Zi died, he established his younger brother Yan as Wei Zhong.Yanzhi followed his elder brother, and Song Fei followed Wei.And what is called Weizhong?It is also the heart of Juvio.As for the son of Yan, Ji is far away.So it was called Song Gong.Alas!I said in Hong Fan's book that there are three sacrifices out of ten, Wei Zi's order is based on his old title, and I know that King Wu Zhou Gong's benevolence does not take away from others.Later generations of scriptures did not know this meaning, but the ministers who embraced the weapon and the people who turned against each other took over the world! Wine is the fate of the sky, and it is also the majesty of the sky.Zhou died of drunkenness, and King Wen thrived by not being shy about drinking.The cause of rise and fall lies in wine.Therefore, those who fear the power of heaven to protect the destiny of heaven, future generations must be cautious. The auspicious days of the ancients are fifty miles.Therefore, the public was called to manage Luo, and it was taboo that Que Yi did not come from the Zhou Dynasty, and the Wushen Dynasty came to Luo.Every ten has four days.The teacher travels thirty miles a day.Therefore, King Wu defeated Zhou, Guiji himself from Zhou Dynasty, Wuwu Division crossed Mengjin, and every twenty had five days.Hanshu thought it was thirty-one days, which was wrong. The order of Weizi made Weizi the prince of Yin Yuanzi, and Zhao Gao took Zhou as the son of Yuanzi, saying that the emperor of heaven changed Jue Yuanzi, and it was the order of the great country Yin, and said that although there is a king, the son of Yuan is small.The ruler of man is called the son of heaven, so benevolent people treat heaven as they do relatives. Fu Shuozhi told Emperor Gaozong that learning from ancient precepts is rewarding.The edict of King Wu to Uncle Kang is only for literary research, but he also seeks the king of Yin sages, and he also seeks for the king of Shang to become an adult, and he does not seek the king of ancient sages.The precepts of the Taibao become kings, first to judge the virtues of our ancients, and then to advance to use them to judge the heavens.As for King Cheng's work as a Zhou official, he also said that he learned from the ancients to become an official, and he said that he did not learn from the wall.Ziri speaks but does not write, but believes in ancient times.It is also said that I am so good at Gu Min, I want to ask for it.It is also said that a gentleman prefaces with much knowledge and acts with virtue.It is also the first saint and the second saint.If you don't learn from the ancients but want to conquer the sky, isn't it not to seek harvest without farming? If you want to lower your heart to the people, if there is persistence, then the theory of good nature comes from it.The nature of the festival is only the progress of the day, and the saying that the nature is similar comes from it.How can I be a gentleman, Birmir's nature is similar to that of the former chieftain.Fate also has a nature, and a gentleman does not call it fate. The owner sits in the bright hall and visits Jiu Mu, not only to observe the hearts of the people, but also to know the loyalty and treachery of the four countries, so Jiahe is the same as Ying, and the beautiful prince obeys Xuanfeng.Digong Jue Mastiff, the Prudent Virtue of King Jie Ming.The so-called respect and knowledge are shared.In the past, Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty Zhili also received the mirror of Zhang Xiang for thousands of years, and listened to the song of Yuansheng Yuluo.It is also possible to use Jianer as pearls and benevolence as coins.As soon as the king's heart fluttered, flattery and flattery became more and more popular, and he opened the pool of Guangyun to send goods from the south of the Yangtze River.Guangling bronze wares, Jingkou satin shirts, brocade cables and masts span several miles.Beautiful makeup and fresh clothes, and hundreds of people.It was not long before the chaos in Jimen started.However, the disciples of King Xinjian who stripped the people to serve their ruler did not serve those who wanted to enjoy themselves.It is easy to say that the public is shared by the emperor, and the villain is Fok.Didn't the emperor of the Ming Dynasty enjoy many rituals, but the people said he didn't enjoy it? The pilgrims did not go to Yin but went to Zhou, and those who litigated prisons did not go to Yin but went to Zhou, so Zhou was the emperor and Yin was the marquis.This is called Weier Wang's family and I am suitable. Many parties said, but in May Ding Hai, the king came from Yan.But King Toshi said, I used to come from Yan.It is multi-party that should be before toast, and later generations will be the first. [58] Yuan Confucian Wang Bohou's theory is also the same, but he puts more emphasis on it, and dare not believe it.Yanzhi's rebellion against Zhou was feared by Wu Geng after he punished him, so he flourished with Huaiyi Xu Rong.And the Duke of Zhou's Eastern Expedition lasted for three years.Mencius said that it is true that the three years of conquest of Yan begged his lord. [59] In the current affairs of King Yan Cheng, it was said that King Wu of the Prime Minister kept talking because he punished Zhou.Since he became a king and practiced death, he covered the matter of patrolling hunting.In the preface of the book, since King Cheng is dying, he will move his king to Pugu, that is true. [60] Many articles say that the Duke of Zhou said that Wang Ruo said that the Duke of Zhou had not yet moved to Yin and the king was already dying.Kong Chuan thought that those who were dying to rebel would stick to the order of the chapters and force it. [61] As for the third, it should be said from Cai. King Cheng wrote the book of Zhou officials, saying that in the Tang Dynasty and Yuji period, there were only a hundred officials established, while Xia and Shang officials were twice as old, and the age is not far away.Moreover, in the affairs of the world, one position is so small that it is impossible to appoint officials to take advantage of the land. I dare not believe that in the era of two emperors, a hundred officials can take care of internal and external affairs.The biography and annotations of the examination are also thought to be tailored to the current situation, but the truth is unknown.I think that there are more than a hundred officials in Tang Yu, and there are two people in twenty who are ordered by counselors.The rest of the nine officials, Zuo Ruo Bo and Zhu Hu Xiong Zhi Lun, who serve as imperial servants, and even the state has ten and two divisions.Others are the so-called prudence and simplicity in the order of King Mu, and the emperor does not kiss those who depose him.Therefore, it is said that Yao and Shun's knowledge is not omnipresent and urgent.The benevolence of Yao and Shun is not universal. Love others and be eager to befriend the virtuous.In the Xia and Shang dynasties, the law was detailed day by day, but the role of the master was gradually invaded.There are many people who are destined for the emperor, so it is doubled.Looking at the book of Lizheng, it is as far as the Asian Lu from the inside, and the Baisi from the outside, and you can know that the officials of Yiwei, Luzheng, Sanbo, Banyin and Yu Xiazhi did not exist.Du's classics say that in the early Han Dynasty, all the officials in the princely state were like the Han Dynasty, but the prime minister was appointed by the emperor.All the imperial officials and below are self-owned.And Emperor Jing punished the rebellion of Wu and Chu, killed its system, and dismissed the royal doctor as an official.Emperor Wu also ordered that all princes and officials with a rank of two thousand stones should not make up for it.The officials of the prefectures and counties, from Biejia Changshi and below, are all assassinated and prefects to make up for themselves.Therefore, the past dynasties did not change.The Empress Dowager of Wuping in the Northern Qi Dynasty lost his power, and many of them were lucky, so he was given to sell officials, share the prefectures and counties, and go down to the township officials, and many of them surrendered the imperial edicts.Therefore, there are those who use the governor of the state to register the meritorious officials of the county.Since then, the power of prefectures and prefectures has been transferred to the imperial court, so foreign officials can't be fine-core, so Yaoyao started.Therefore, Liu Xuan thought to Niu Hong that officials, big and small, knew about the bureaucracy. The reason why this policy became more and more complicated, and Shen Jiji's proposal wanted to make the Xuzhou government for those below the sixth rank and the subordinates and assistants to use it. [62] Tang Shu Baiguan Zhi He said that at the beginning of Taizong's province, the number of internal and external officials was set at 730, and he said that this is enough for me to treat the world's talents.Later generations saw that there were so many officials in the book of Rites of Zhou and the secrecy of their duties, they thought that this was the reason why Zhou ruled.But if you don't know that the house is a thing, the house is a pastoral house, and it is not allowed, King Wen dare not know.However, although the system of Zhou is detailed, the meaning is still the same as that of Tang and Yu.The king who seeks governance can the emperor pre-empt the affairs of Cao? Sikong Kong said that the main country is empty and the land is populated, which is not necessarily the case.Master Yan said in ancient times that there are holes. [63] See the annotations of Baiguan Gongqing in Hanshu, this language must have its roots.Yi Chuanyun, in ancient times lived in caves and lived in the wild.The poem says, Gugong Danfu, Taofu Taoxue, has no family.Today, there are still many cave dwellers in the east of the river. [64] Today people call it a kiln, that is, ancient pottery characters.Zhuangzi said to escape from the void, and the void is what people today call a cold kiln.After the flood, there was no rush to build houses, so Bo Yu was the head of the nine officials as Sikong. Reading the article of Gu Ming, I saw that when King Cheng died at the beginning, King Kang and his officials all obeyed without any words of sorrow.It is suspicious that Zhao Gong Bi Gong is a virtuous man, but he is not as good as Zi Chan Shu Xiang.Read it four more times, and you will know that there is a de-simplification in it. [65] Don't talk about the funeral, but know that it is Quewen.Is there a new king who has already passed the court to the princes, but the king has not yet been buried, and the historian has no record of it?And Di set up the clothes below the clothes, that is, the edict of the king of Kang.From then on, it will be recorded that King Cheng Gu Ming ascended to Ya, and from then on, it will be recorded that King Kang ascended the throne on the first day of the first month of next year and the princes.In ancient times, the king had a lot of ceremonies for ascension to the throne, so he was located in the temple, and he was ordered by the ancestor.In the Spring and Autumn Period, when Lu Gong came to the throne, he wrote books, and if he didn't take the throne, he didn't write books.Gai, who was unable to perform this ceremony due to the changes of the times, is like the third Duke Zhuang Minxi.When Kang Wang was in peace, he was the master of the body, and the etiquette and instructions in the historical records were regarded as the great law of a generation, and the reason why the book was passed on.It is said that one cannot be called a king without mourning.Now the book says that Wang Mamian Fushang is the king who has passed the age.It is also said that Zhou died crying and praying, but today it is said that when the princes leave the temple gate, it is after the mourning. [67] The records say that the death cries and says that it is done.It's the day, and it's an auspicious offering and an easy funeral offering.It is rumored that the Son of Heaven will be buried in the seventh month, and he will arrive at the end of the same track. Now Taibao leads the Western princes, and Bi Gong leads the Eastern princes, and it is after July.Because there is a debriefing in it, and later storytellers also tied it to the seven days of Guiyou, so the theory of later Confucianism was born.Don't think about the seven days between the first collapse, how did the princes finish? [68] Su Shi also knew that it was unreasonable, so he thought it was a prince who asked about illness.Or is it easy to say?曰，此周公所制之礼也。以宗庙为重，而不敢凶服以接乎神。释三年之丧，以尽斯须之敬。此义之所在，而天子之守，与士庶不同者也。商书有之矣，惟元祀十有二月乙丑，伊尹祠于先王，奉嗣王祗见厥祖。岂以丧服而入庙哉？ [69]汉书孝文纪元年冬十月辛亥，皇帝见于高庙，盖犹循此制。 传贤之世天下可以无君，故尧崩三年之丧毕，舜避尧之子于南河之南。传子之世，天下不可无君，故惟元祀十有二月乙丑，伊尹祠于先王，奉嗣王祗见厥祖。 自狄设黼扆缀衣以下皆陈之朝者也。设四席者朝群臣，听政事，养国老，燕亲属，皆新天子之所有事，而非事亡之说也。自王麻冕黼裳以下，皆庙中之事也。自王出在应门之内以下，则康王临朝之事也。 周之末世固有不待葬而先见庙者矣。左传昭二十二年夏四月乙丑，王崩于荣锜氏。五月庚辰见王。六月丁己葬景王。其曰见王者，见王子猛于先王之庙也。不待期而见王猛，不待期而葬景王，则以子朝之争国也。然不言即位，但曰见王而已。孰谓成康无事之时而行此变礼也？ 书之脱简多矣。如武成之篇蔡氏以为尚有阙文。洛讳阙下同诰，戊辰王在新邑。则王之至洛可知。乃二公至洛并详其月日而王不书。金氏以为其间必有阙文。盖伏生老而忘之耳。然则顾命之脱简又何疑哉？孔子有言，若非有司失其传，则武王之志荒矣。余于顾命敢引之以断千载之疑。 说文，矫从矢，揉箭也。故有用力之义。汉书孝武纪注引韦昭曰，称诈为矫，强取为虔。周语注，以诈用法曰矫。 国乱无政，小民有情而不得申，有冤而不见理，于是不得不诉之于神，而诅盟之事起矣。苏公遇暴公之谮，则出此三物以诅尔。斯屈原遭子兰之谗，则告五帝以折中。命咎繇而听直。至于里巷之人，亦莫不然。而鬼神之往来于人间者，亦或著其灵爽。于是赏罚之柄乃移之冥漠之中，而蚩蚩之氓其畏王鈇常不如其畏鬼责矣。乃世之君子犹有所取焉，以辅王政之穷。今日所传地狱之说，感应之书，皆苗民诅盟之余习也。明明棐常鳏寡无盖，则王政行于上，而人自不复有求于神。故曰有道之世其鬼不神。所谓绝地天通者，如此而已矣。 竹书纪年，幽王三年，嬖褒姒。五年，王世子宜臼出奔申。八年，王立褒姒之子伯盘[70]古服字与盘字相似而误。为太子。九年，申侯聘西戎及鄫。十年，王师伐申。十一年，申人鄫人及犬戎入周，弑王及王子伯盘。申侯鲁侯许男郑子立宜臼于申。虢公翰立王子余臣于携。周二王并立。平王元年，王东徙雒邑。晋侯会卫侯郑伯秦伯，以师从王入于成周。二十一年，晋文侯杀王子余臣于携。[71]左传昭二十六年，王子朝告诸侯之辞曰，携王奸命，诸侯替之，而建王嗣。杜氏以携王为伯服，盖失之不考。然则文侯之命，报其立己之功，而望之以杀携王之效也。郑公子兰之从晋文公而东也，请无与围郑，晋人许之。今平王既立于申，[72]申国在今信阳州。自申迁于雒邑，而复使周人为之戍申，[73]竹书纪年，平王三十三年楚人侵申，三十六年王人戍申。则申侯之伐，幽王之弑，不可谓非出于平王之志者矣。当日诸侯但知其冢嗣为当立，而不察其与闻乎弑为可诛。虢公之立王子余臣或有见乎此也。自文侯用师替携王以除其逼，而平王之位定矣。后之人徒以成败论，而不察其故，遂谓平王能继文武之绪，而惜其弃歧丰七百里之地，岂能为当日之情者哉？孔子生于二百年以后，盖有所不忍言，而录文侯之命于书，录扬之水之篇于诗，其旨微矣！[74]葛藟诗序谓平王弃其九族，似亦未可尽非。古今人表以平王申侯与幽王褒姒虢石父同列下下。传言平王东迁， 盖周之臣子美其名尔。综其实不然。凡言迁者，自彼而之此之辞，盘庚迁于殷是也。幽王之亡宗庙社稷，以及典章文物荡然皆尽，镐京之地已为戎狄之居，平王乃自申东保于雒。天子之国与诸侯无异，而又有携王与之颉颃。并为人主者二十年。其得存周之祀幸矣，而望其中兴哉！[75]如东晋元帝不可谓之迁于建康。 有秦誓故列秦誓，有秦诗故录秦诗，述而不作也。谓夫子逆知天下之将并于秦而存之者，[76]邵子说。小之乎知圣人矣。秦穆公之盛仅霸西戎，未尝为中国盟主。无论齐桓晋文即亦不敢望。楚之灵王，吴之夫差，合诸侯而制天下之柄。春秋以后，秦盖中衰。吴渊颍[77]莱曰，秦之兴始于孝公之用商鞅，成于惠王之取巴蜀。蚕食六国，并吞二周，战国之秦也，非春秋之秦也。其去夫子之卒也久矣，[78]自获麟之岁以至始皇灭六国并天下，二百六十年。夫子恶知周之必并于秦哉？若所云后世男子自称，秦始皇入我房，颠倒我衣裳，至沙丘而亡者，近于图澄宝志之流，非所以言孔子矣。 甘誓天子之事也。??征诸侯之事也，并存之见诸侯之事可以继天子也。费誓秦誓之存犹是也。 汉时尚书今文与古文为二，而古文又自有二。汉书艺文志曰，尚书古文经四十六卷，为五十七篇。师古曰，孔安国书序云，凡五十九篇，为四十六卷。承诏作传，引序各冠其篇首，定五十八篇。郑玄叙赞云，后又亡其一篇，故五十七。又曰经二十九卷，大小夏侯二家，欧阳经三十二卷。[79]欧阳生字和伯，史失其名。夏侯胜，胜兄子建，皆传伏生尚书。师古曰，此二十九卷，伏生传授者。[80]内秦誓非伏生所传，师古并言之，详见下。此今文与古文为二也。又曰古文尚书者，出孔子壁中。武帝末，鲁共王坏孔子宅，欲以广其宫，而得古文尚书及礼记论语孝经，凡数十篇，皆古字也。共王往入其宅，闻鼓琴瑟钟磬之音，于是惧，乃止不坏。孔安国者，孔子后也，悉得其书。以考二十九篇，得多十六篇。[81]师古曰，见行世二十九篇之外更得十六篇。安国献之，遭巫蛊事，未列于学官。刘向以中古文[82]师古曰，中者天子之书也。较讳欧阳大小夏侯三家经文，酒诰脱简一，召诰脱简二，率简二十五字者，脱亦二十五字。简二十二字者，脱亦二十二字。文字异者七百有余，脱字数十。[83]志自云此所述者本之刘歆七略，不知中古文即安国所献否？及王莽末遭赤眉之乱，焚烧无遗。儒林传曰，孔氏有古文尚书，孔安国以今文字读之，因以起其家逸书得十余篇。盖尚书兹多于是矣。[84]言此为最多者，明张霸加之以百二篇为伪。遭巫蛊未立于学官。安国为谏大夫，授都尉朝，都尉朝授胶东庸生，庸生授清河胡常少子，又传左氏。常授虢徐敖，又传毛诗，授王璜平陵涂恽子真，子真授河南桑钦君长。王莽时诸学皆立。[85]传末又言，平帝时立左氏春秋，毛诗逸礼古文尚书，而后汉书十四博士无之，盖光武时废。刘歆为国师，璜恽等皆贵显。[86]言刘歆者，哀帝时歆移书太常博士，欲立此诸家之学礼也。又曰，世所传百两篇者，出东莱张霸，分析合二十九篇以为数十。[87]或分析之或合之。又采左氏传书序为作首尾凡二百篇，篇或数简，文意浅陋。成帝时求其古文者，霸以能为百两征，以中书较讳之非是。此又孔氏古文与张霸之书为二也。后汉书儒林传曰，孔僖鲁国鲁人也。自安国以下世传古文尚书。又曰扶风杜林传古文尚书，林同郡贾逵为之作训，[88]贾逵传，肃宗好古文尚书，诏逵撰欧阳大小夏侯尚书古文同异为三卷，帝善之。马融作传，郑玄注解，繇是古文尚书遂显于世。又曰建初中，诏高方生受古文尚书，毛诗，谷梁，左氏春秋。虽不立学官，然皆擢高第，为讲郎给事近署。然则孔僖所受之安国者，竟无其传。而杜林、贾逵、马融、郑玄则不见安国之传，而为之作训，作传，作注解。此则孔郑之学又当为二，而无可考矣。刘陶传曰，陶明尚书春秋，为之训诂，推三家尚书及古人是正文字三百余事，名曰中文尚书。[89]言参用今文古文之中。汉末之乱无传。若马融注古文尚书十卷，郑玄注古文尚书九卷，则见于旧唐书艺文志[90]又有王肃、范甯、李颙、姜道成注古文尚书。新唐书作姜道盛。开元之时尚有其书，而未尝亡也。按陆氏释文言马郑所注二十九篇，则亦不过伏生所传