Chapter 8 Shanhaijing Volume 5 Zhongshanjing-2

[Notes] ① Moose: Moose, Tong "eyebrow", eyebrows.Elk stone is thrush stone, a kind of ore that can be used to decorate eyebrows.Li Dan: Li, Tong "Lu".Lu means black.Ludan is Heidansha, a black mineral. [Translation] Forty miles to the west is Baishi Mountain.Huishui flows out from the southern foot of Baishi Mountain, and then flows south into Luoshui. There are many crystal stones in the water.Jianshui flows out from the northern foot of Baishi Mountain, and flows northwest into Gushui. There are many thrush stones and black Dansha in the water. Fifty miles west and west, it is called Gushan, with many (valleys) [grains (g＾u)] on it and many mulberry trees on it.The cool water flows out, while the northwest flows into the valley water, which is mostly green.

[Note] ①Green: According to the research of scholars, it may refer to the so-called malachite, which is colorful and can be used to make decorations and green paint. [Translation] Fifty miles to the west, there is a valley mountain with dense mulberry trees on the mountain and dense mulberry trees on the mountain.Shuangshui originates from this mountain, and then flows northwestward into Gushui, and there are many malachites in the water. Seventy-two miles west and west, it is called Mishan, with many jades in its yang and iron in its yin.The Haoshui flows out of Yan, while the Nanliu flows into Luo, among which there are many tortoises, whose heads are like birds and turtles' tails, and their sounds are like juanmu.No vegetation.

[Translation] Seventy-two miles further to the west, there is a dense mountain. The south of the mountain is rich in jade, and the north of the mountain is rich in iron. Haoshui originates from this mountain, and then flows south into Luoshui. There are many spinner turtles in the water, with heads shaped like birds and tails like turtles. The sound they make is like splitting wood.This mountain does not grow flowers and trees. A hundred miles further to the west, there is a mountain called feldspar, without grass and trees, but rich in gold and jade.To the west there is Valley Yan, named Gonggu, with many bamboos.A total of water flows out of Yan, and the southwest flows into Luo, among which there are many stones.

[Notes] ①Singing stone: The ancients said it was a kind of blue jade, which made a loud sound after impact, which could be heard seven or eight miles away, and belonged to the chime stone that could be used to make musical instruments. 【Translation】One hundred miles further to the west, there is a long stone mountain without flowers and trees, but rich in metal minerals and jade.To the west of this mountain is a valley called Gonggu, where many bamboos grow.Gongshui originates from this mountain and flows southwest into Luoshui, where Mingshi is abundant. One hundred and forty miles west and west, called Mount Fu, there is no grass and trees, and there are many Yao and Bi.The water that is tired of dyeing comes from its yang, while the Nanliu flows into Luo, and there are many fish in it.To the west there is Lin Yan, which is called 墦 (f1n) mound (zh%ng).The valley water flows out, and the east flows into Luo, among which there are many (y1n) jade ①.

[Notes] ①珚玉: A kind of jade. [Translation] One hundred and forty miles further to the west, there is Mount Fu, which has no flowers, plants or trees, and is full of beautiful jade such as Yao and Bi.The depleted water flows out from the southern foot of the mountain, and then flows south into Luoshui, where there are many mermaids.To the west of this mountain there is a forest called 墦墓.Valley water flows out from here, and then flows southeast into Luoshui. There are many jade in the water. Fifty miles west and west, it is called Lu (tu#) Mountain, with many trees (ch&) and ■ (b6i) trees ①, its yang is rich in gold and jade, its yin is rich in iron, and its shackles ②.Lishui flows out, while Beiliu flows into the river.Among them, there are many fishes that are repaired, whose shape is like a strider (m7ng) and white beak (hu@)③, and its sound is like a bird (ch9), and it has white ringworm after eating.

[Note] ① Wood: The ancients said that this kind of tree produces ears in July and August, and when the ears are mature, it seems that there is salt powder on them. ②Xiao: A kind of wormwood. ③Strider: A kind of frog. [Translation] Fifty miles further to the west, there is a mountain. Most of the trees in the mountain are Ailanthus trees, and there are many other trees. The south of the mountain is rich in metal minerals and jade, and the north of the mountain is rich in iron and dense grass. .The Li River originates from this mountain and then flows north into the Yellow River.There are many prickly fish in the water, which are shaped like ordinary frogs but have white mouths.

Ninety miles west and west, there is no vegetation on the mountain of daily steaming (zh5ng), and it is chalky.The water of 潐 (qi2o) flows out of Yan, while the northeast flows into the river, and there are many beryls in it.Sui (z9) water flows out, while Beiliu flows into the river. [Translation] Ninety miles further to the west, there is Changzhan Mountain, which has no flowers, plants or trees, but chalky soil of various colors.The Bi River originates from this mountain, and then flows northeast into the Yellow River, and there are many beryls in the water.Suan water also originates from this mountain, and then flows north into the Yellow River.

Ninety miles west and west, it is called Kuafu Mountain. Its trees are many palm trees (n2n), many bamboo arrows, and its beasts are many (zu￥) cattle and sheep, and its birds are many [red] grews (bi5). Yang has more jade, and its yin has more iron.To the north there is Linyan, named Taolin, which is three hundred miles wide, including many horses.The lake water flows out, while Beiliu flows into the river, among which there are many (y1n) jade. [Translation] Ninety miles further to the west, there is Kuafu Mountain. The trees on the mountain are mostly palm trees and nanmu trees, and there are also lush small bamboo bushes. Among the wild animals on the mountain, cattle and sheep are the most common, and birds are mostly oxen and sheep. There are the most redfish, the south of the mountain is rich in jade, and the north of the mountain is rich in iron.To the north of this mountain there is a forest called Taolin, which has a circumference of three hundred miles and there are many horses in the forest.The water of the lake originates from this mountain, and then flows northward into the Yellow River, where more jade is produced.

Ninety miles west and west, it is called Yanghua Mountain. Its yang is full of gold and jade, its yin is full of green and realgar, its grass is full of potatoes, and it is bitter and pungent. Gan, eat malaria (nu6). Yangshui flows out of Yan, while the southwest flows into Luo.Many of them are fish.The water flows out of the gate, while the northeast flows into the river, among which there are many mysterious (s)). ■(j0) Guzhi water comes from its yin, and flows eastward into Menshui, and there is a lot of copper on it. The door water (out) [to] the river, seven hundred and ninety miles into the water (lu＾).

【Notes】①■: Same as "梅".Catalpa is a deciduous tree with a tall shape and straight trunk.It blooms in summer, and the seeds can be used for medicinal purposes. It is mainly used to treat heat poisoning and various scabies. [Translation] Ninety miles further to the west, there is Yanghua Mountain. The south side of the mountain is rich in metal minerals and jade, and the north side of the mountain is rich in azurite and realgar. Catalpa, the fruit it bears is like a melon, and its taste is sour and sweet. People who take it can cure malaria.Yangshui originates from this mountain, and then flows southwest into Luoshui, where there are many mermaids.Menshui also originates from this mountain, and then flows northeast into the Yellow River, and there are many black millstones in the water. ■Gushui flows out from the northern foot of Yanghua Mountain, and then flows eastward into Menshui. ■The mountains on both sides of Gushui are rich in copper.From Menshui to the Yellow River, it flows seven hundred and ninety miles and then injects water.

The head of Fanyi (g3o) and Yi (d0) mountains, from the Pingfeng Mountain to the Yanghua Mountain, the fourteen mountains, seven hundred and ninety miles.Yue is among them, and sacrifices are made in June, just like the temples of the mountains, and the world will be peaceful. [Note] ①Yue: A tall mountain. 【Translation】In total, there are 14 mountains from Pingfeng Mountain to Yanghua Mountain at the beginning and end of the mountain chain, and the route covers 790 li.If there is a great mountain in this mountain range, if you worship it in June every year, just like other mountains, then the world will be peaceful. Middle Seven (Classic) [Mountain] The head of the bitter mountain is called Xiuyu Mountain.There is a stone Yan on it, called Ditai Chess①, with five colors and writing, and its shape is like a quail egg.The stone of the emperor's platform, so those who pray to the gods will not obey it (g()). There is grass Yan, its shape is like yarrow (sh@)②, the red leaves grow in clusters, the name is Su (s)), it can be 簳 (g3n)③. [Notes] ① Emperor Terrace: The name of a god and a man.Chess: Refers to Boqi, a game tool in ancient times. ②Achilles: Yarrow, also known as sawgrass, yarrow, is a perennial erect herb with alternate leaves and long linear lanceolate.The ancients used the stems of yarrow for divination. ③簳: A small bamboo that can be used as an arrow shaft. 【Translation】The first mountain in the seventh series of mountains in the central Kushan mountain system is called Xiuyu Mountain.There is a kind of stone on the mountain, which is the chess of the Immortal Emperor's Platform. They have five colors and stripes, and their shapes are similar to quail eggs. The stones of the immortal emperor's platform are used to pray to the gods, and people who wear them will not be infected by evil spirits. There is also a kind of grass in Hugh and Mountain, which is shaped like a common yarrow, with red leaves and rhizomes that are connected together in clusters. The name is Sutiao, which can be used to make arrow shafts. Three hundred miles to the east, it is called the Mountain of Drums and Bells.There is Caoyan, the square stem is yellow, and the leaves are three percent ②, its name is Yansuan, which can be poison ③.There are many sharpenings on it (l0), and there are many sharpenings on it (d!). [Notes] ① Start: Toast to people or drink by yourself.This refers to setting up a banquet for entertainment. ② into: heavy, layer. ③For poison: remove toxic substances. 【Translation】Three hundred miles to the east, there is Drum and Bell Mountain, where the Immortal Emperor Terrace plays the music of bells and drums and banquets the gods.There is a kind of grass in the mountains, with yellow flowers on square stems and three layers of round leaves. Its name is Yansuan, which can be used to detoxify.There are more coarse grindstones on the mountain, and more fine grindstones on the lower mountain. Two hundred miles to the east, it is called the mountain of Guyi (y2o).The emperor's daughter dies, her name is the female corpse, she turns into ■(y2o) grass, her leaf Xu (x&) becomes ①, its flower yellow is actually like a dodder (t*) mound②, and she is charming (m6i) to people③ . [Notes] ①Xu: phase and, all. ② Dodder Hill: Cuscuta is an annual twining parasitic herb with thin and soft stems, filamentous, orange-yellow, blooming in summer and autumn, with small, white flowers and flat spherical fruits. ③Fawn on people: This refers to women's beauty to please others.Mei means love. [Translation] Two hundred miles to the east, there is Guyi Mountain, where the daughter of the Emperor of Heaven died. Her name was Nvshi. It is yellow, and the fruit is similar to the fruit of dodder. A woman can make her beautiful and lovable if she takes it. Another twenty miles to the east is called Kushan.There is Beast Yan, named Shan Gao, whose shape is like (by) [pig (t*n)], red like Dan fire, good at (l@)①.There is wood Yan on it, the name is Huangji, the yellow flower and the leaves are actually like orchids, and it is not a word to take it.There is grass Yan, with leaves but no stems, red flowers but not solid, so it is called Wutiao ③, and it will not gall if taken. [Notes] ①詈: scold, scold. ②Words: pregnancy, childbirth. ③ Wutiao: It is different from the shape of the above-mentioned Wutiaocao, and it belongs to a foreign body with the same name. 【Translation】Twenty miles to the east is a bitter mountain.There is a wild beast in the mountain named Shan Gao, which looks like an ordinary pig, is as red as a pill, and likes to curse people.There is a tree on the mountain, the name is Huangji, with yellow flowers and round leaves, and the fruit is similar to the fruit of bluegrass. Women who eat it will not have children.There is another kind of grass in the mountains, with round leaves but no stems, and red flowers but no fruits. Twenty-seven miles to the east, it is called Dushan, where gods and gods live in fools. It is so strange to the wind and rain.There is a tree on it, named Tianzhu (bi1n), with a square stem and sunflower shape, and those who take it will not (y5)①. 【Note】①■: Food stuffs the throat. 【Translation】Twenty-seven miles to the east, there is a blocking mountain, where God, Man and Tianyu live, so strange winds and rains often blow on this mountain.There is a kind of tree growing on the mountain, the name is Tianmao, the square stem is like sunflower, and eating it can make people eat without choking. Fifty-two miles to the east, it is called Fanggao Mountain.Mingshui flows out, and Nanliu flows into Yishui, which contains many beryls. There is Mu Yan, whose leaves are like locust trees, yellow and not solid, its name is Mengmu, and it will not be confused if you take it.There is a beast, its shape is like a bee, its branches and tails are tongue-twisting, and it is good at calling. Its name is Wenwen. [Translation] Fifty-two li to the east is Fanggao Mountain.Mingshui originates from this mountain and flows southward into Yishui. There are many beryls in the water.There is a kind of tree in the mountains, the leaves are similar to pagoda tree leaves, and it has yellow flowers but no fruit. It is called Mengmu, and taking it can make people not confused.There is a beast in the mountains, which is shaped like a bee, with a forked tail and an inverted tongue. It likes to call, and its name is Wenwen. Fifty-seven miles to the east, it is called a mountain with a large k (), a jade with a lot of y (), and a lot of elk jade. There are grasses, its leaves are like elm, square stems and green bruises, and its name is Niu shang ③, its root Cangwen, those who take it will not Jue ④, it can defend soldiers. Its Yang Kuangshui flows out, and the southwest flows into Yishui, among which there are many three-legged turtles. The eater has no serious illness, and can be swollen. [Note] ① Miyu: According to the ancients, it may be Yuyu, a kind of jade-like stone. ② Cangshang: It is Cangthorn, that is, blue thorns. ③Ox injury: It is like talking about ox spines. ④ Jue: In ancient Chinese medicine, it refers to the symptoms of fainting or cold hands and feet, that is, sudden fainting, unconsciousness, and stiff and cold hands and feet. [Translation] Fifty miles to the east, there is a big mountain, which is rich in jade, and there are many elk jade.There is a kind of grass in the mountains, the leaves are similar to elm leaves, and the square stems are covered with thorns.Kuangshui flows out from the southern foot of the mountain, and flows southwest into Yishui. There are many three-legged turtles in the water. Eating its meat can prevent people from serious diseases and eliminate carbuncles. Another seventy miles to the east is called the Mountain of Half Stone.There is grass on it, which is born and beautiful, and it is more than Zhang high, with red leaves and red flowers, flashy but not real, its name is Jiarong, and those who obey it will not [fear] the tinkle.The water that comes and needs comes from its yang, while the west flows into Yishui, in which there are many (l*n) fish, black text, which are shaped like fish (f)), and those who eat do not sleep.Heshui comes from its yin, while Beiliu pours into Luo, more (t6ng) fish③, shaped like mandarin fish (gu＠)④, living in Kui (ku0)⑤, Cangwen red tail, eating without carbuncle, can be fistula (1＾u) ⑥. 【Notes】①Xiu: Herbaceous plants bear fruit.This refers to bearing fruit before flowering. ② Ting: Thunder that is loud and shocking. ③ Some fish: also called Zhanxing fish, with a stout body, sub-cylindrical shape, flattened rear part, and rough bone plate. ④Mandarin fish: mandarin fish, also called mandarin fish and mandarin fish, has flat sides, raised back, bluish-yellow color with irregular black markings, large mouth, protruding lower jaw, small, round scales. 5 Kui: A road extending in all directions.Here it refers to the caves connected to each other on the bottom of the water. ⑥ Fistula: A sore on the neck of a person, which does not heal for a long time, often oozes pus and produces maggots. In ancient times, this disease was called fistula. [Translation] Seventy li to the east, there is a half-rock mountain.There is a kind of grass growing on the mountain. It bears fruit as soon as it is unearthed. It is more than ten feet high. It has red leaves and red flowers. It does not bear fruit after blooming.Laixu water flows out from the southern foot of Banshi Mountain, and then flows westward into Yishui. There are many fish in the water, covered with black spots, shaped like common crucian carp. People eat its meat without feeling drowsy.Heshui flows out from the northern foot of Banshi Mountain, and then flows north into Luoshui. There are many fish in the water, which are shaped like ordinary mandarin fish. They live in secluded underwater caves. They are covered with blue stripes but have a red tail. People eat their meat. You will not suffer from carbuncle, and you can also cure fistula sores. Fifty miles to the east, it is called the mountain of Shaoshi, where all kinds of grass and trees form a hill (q&n)①.There is a tree Yan on it, its name is Dixiu, the leaves are like poplars, and its branches are five-way (q*)②, yellow and black, and those who obey them will not be angry.There are many jades on it, and many irons under it.Xiushui flows out, while Beiliu flows into Luo, among which there are many ■ (t@) fish, shaped like (■) [盩 (zh＾u)] 蜼 (w7i) and long distance ③, with white feet facing each other, and the eaters Without Gu (g) ​​disease, you can defend soldiers. [Note] ①囷: Round barn. ②Qu: The appearance of intersecting and diverging. ③Crowfish: According to the ancients, it is a beast similar to macaques. [Translation] Fifty miles to the east, there is Mount Shaoshi, where all kinds of flowers, plants and trees are clustered like a round barn. There is a tree named Dixiu on the mountain. The shape of the leaves is similar to that of a poplar. The branches cross each other and stretch out in all directions. It has yellow flowers and black fruits. Taking it can make people calm and not angry.Shaoshi Mountain is rich in jade, and the foot of the mountain is rich in iron.Xiushui originates from this mountain, and then flows north into Luoshui. There are many fish in the water, which are shaped like macaques but have long rooster-like claws and white toes facing each other. Without paranoia, he can still develop weapons. Thirty miles to the east, it is called Taishi Mountain.There is a tree on it, the leaf shape is like a pear and red, its name is 栯 (y&) wood, and those who take it will not be jealous.There is grass Yan, its shape is like ■ (zh*), white and black, and its color is like 蘡 (y9ng) azulene (y)) ①, its name is ■ grass ②, it is not ignorant to eat ③.On the beautiful stone. [Notes] ①Azulene: A vine, commonly known as wild grape.It blooms in summer, and the fruit is black. It can be used for wine making and medicine. ② ■grass: The shape of ■grass is different from the above-mentioned ■grass, so it should be a foreign body with the same name. ③ ambiguous: dim.Extended to blind eyes. [Translation] Thirty li to the east is Mount Taishi.There is a kind of tree on the mountain. The leaves are shaped like pear leaves but have red veins.There is also a kind of grass in the mountain, its shape is like Atractylodes atractylodes or Atractylodes atractylodes, with white flowers and black fruits, the fruit's luster is like wild grapes.There are also many beautiful stones on the mountain. Thirty miles to the north, it is called Jiaoshan Mountain, on which there are many jades, many zhes (zh6), and many cypresses.There is Muyan, named Diwu, whose leaves are like pepper①, which can ward off evil. [Note] ①Pepper: There are three kinds, one is a woody plant, that is, Zanthoxylum bungeanum; one is a vine plant, that is, pepper; the other is a vegetable plant.This refers to Zanthoxylum bungeanum, with needles on the branches, hard and smooth leaves, red fruit and black seeds, which can be used as medicine and seasoning. ② Anti-injury: refers to the thorn that is born backward. [Translation] Thirty miles further to the north, there is a mountain called Jiaoshan. The mountain is rich in jade, and there are many Zhe trees and many cypress trees.There is a kind of tree in the mountain, the name is Diwu, the shape of the leaves is similar to that of the pepper tree, with barbed thorns and red fruits, which can ward off evil spirits. Thirty miles to the north, it is called the mountain of Yingliang, on which there are many green jades, which are carved (ch*n) in Xuanshi. [Notes] ①錞: Attachment. [Translation] Thirty miles further north is Yingliang Mountain, which is rich in beryl, and beryl is attached to the black stone. Thirty miles east and west, it is called the Mountain of Fuxi.There is Muyan, whose leaf shape is like a chrysanthemum (ch&) and red in fruit, it is called Kangmu, and it cannot be eaten (g()). The water of Si (s@) flows out of Yan, and the north flows into the river. There is a valley in the east, Because it is called Snake Valley, it has a lot of pungent ①. [Notes] ① Shaoxin: Asarum, a herb. [Translation] Thirty li to the east is Fuxi Mountain.There is a kind of tree growing in the mountain. The leaves are shaped like Ailanthus sinensis and bear red fruit.The Si River originates from this mountain and then flows north into the Yellow River.To the east of Fuxi Mountain is a canyon, named Snake Valley because there are many snakes in the canyon, and Asarum is abundant on the canyon. Forty miles to the east, it is called the mountain of Shaoxing (x9ng).There is Cao Yan, named ■ (g1ng) grass, the leaves are like sunflowers, and the red stems are white flowers, which are really like 蘡 (y9ng) azulene (y)), and it is not foolish to eat them.The water that is hard to use comes out, while Beiliu is poured into the water. [Translation] Forty miles to the east is Shaoxing Mountain.There is a kind of grass in the mountains, the name is grass, its leaves are similar to sunflower leaves, it has red stems and white flowers, and its fruits are like wild grapes. Eating it can make people wise and not clumsy.Qinanshui originates from this mountain, and then flows northward into Gongshui. And ten miles to the southeast, it is called Mount Tai.There is Caoyan, named pear, and its leaves are like (grass) [Hagi (qi&)] and Chihua①, which can be gangrene.The Taishui comes from its yang, while the southeast flows into the Yushui; the Chengshui comes from its yin, and the northeast flows into the Yushui. [Notes] ① Hagi: A kind of Artemisia plant with white leaves, like Artemisia Artemisia but with many branches, and the stem is particularly tall, about one foot long. 【Translation】Ten miles to the southeast is Mount Tai.There is a kind of grass in the mountains, the name is pear, the leaves are shaped like wormwood leaves and red flowers, which can be used to treat carbuncle.Taishui flows from the southern foot of the mountain, and then flows southeast into the Yanshui; Chengshui flows from the northern foot of the mountain, and then flows northeast into the Yanshui. Another twenty miles to the east, Yuemo Mountain is covered with red gold.At the end of the day, the water came out, and Beiliu poured into the service [water]. 【Translation】Twenty miles to the east is the last mountain, and the mountain is full of gold.The Moshui originates from this mountain and flows northward into the Yanshui. Twenty-five miles to the east, it is called Yashan Mountain, with a lot of platinum and iron on it.The service water flows out, and pours into the river in the north. 【Translation】Twenty-five miles to the east, there is a mountain of slavery, which is rich in silver and iron.Yanshui originates from this mountain and flows northward into the Yellow River. Thirty-five miles to the east, it is called Minshan.There is a tree on it, its shape is like a thorn, it is white and red, and it is called ■(j@) cypress. Those who wear it will not be cold.Its yang is rich in jade. 【Translation】Thirty-five li to the east is Minshan Mountain.There is a kind of tree growing on the mountain, its shape is similar to Vitex, it has white flowers and red fruit, its name is cypress, and eating its fruit can make people not afraid of the cold.The south of Minshan Mountain is also rich in jade. Thirty miles to the east, it is called the mountain of Dalu (gu9), and its shade is full of iron, beautiful jade, and green chalk.There is Caoyan, its shape is like yarrow (sh9) but hairy, green and white but solid, its name is (gu) [grain] (h7n), if taken for a long time, it can cause abdominal disease. [Translation] Thirty miles further to the east is the Dalu Mountain. The north side of the mountain is rich in iron, high-quality jade, and blue chalk.There is a kind of grass in the mountain, which is shaped like yarrow but has downy hairs. It blooms blue flowers and bears white fruits. Its name is ■. People who eat it can prolong their life without dying, and can also cure various diseases in the stomach. The head of all bitter mountains, from the mountain of Xiuyu to the mountain of Dalu (gu9), there are nine mountains out of ten, one thousand one hundred and eighty-four miles.The sixteen gods are all hogs (sh!) with human faces.Its temple: Mao ■ (qu2n) uses a sheep shame ②, and a baby uses a algae jade (y@) ③.Kushan, Shaoshi, and Taishi are all tombs.Its ancestral hall is: the tools of the prison, and the baby with auspicious jade.Its gods are all human faces and there are three heads.The rest of the genera are all pig-bodied and human-faced. [Note] ①豕: Pig. ②■: Whole animal with pure coat color.Whole animals refer to whole cattle, sheep and pigs.Shame: Contribute food.This refers to offering sacrifices. ③Zaoyu: Jade with colorful textures. 【Translation】In total, there are nineteen mountains from the beginning and the end of the Kushan mountain system, from Xiuyu mountain to Dalu mountain, and the route is 1,184 li.Among them, the mountain gods of sixteen mountains all have pigs' bodies and human faces.Sacrificing to these mountain gods: a pure-colored sheep is used as a sacrifice in the wool, and a piece of algae jade is used to worship the gods and buried in the ground after the sacrifice.Kushan Mountain, Shaoshi Mountain, and Taishi Mountain are all suzerains of the mountains.Sacrifice to the mountain gods of these three mountains: pigs, cattle, and sheep are used as sacrifices among the wool objects, and auspicious jade is used among the jade objects worshiping the gods.These three mountain gods all have human faces but have three heads.The mountain gods of the other sixteen mountains all have pig bodies and human faces. Middle Eighth (Classic) [Mountain] The head of Jingshan Mountain is called Jingshan Mountain. There are many gold and jade on it, and many trees on it (sh)) sandalwood (t2n)①.Ju (j&) water flows out of Yan, and flows into the river in the southeast, among which there are many millet and salmon. [Note] ① Zhu: Zhu tree is an oak tree. [Translation] The first mountain in the Jingshan mountain system, the eighth column in the center, is called Jingshan. There are rich metal minerals and jade on the mountain. The trees here are mostly oak and sandalwood.Jushui flows from this mountain and flows southeast into the river. There are many danshas the size of millet grains in the water, and many fish with colorful stripes grow in the water. A hundred miles to the northeast, it is called Jingshan, its yin is full of iron, its yang is full of red gold, of which there are many yaks (l!) cattle, many leopards and tigers, its trees are many pines and cypresses, its grass is many bamboos, and its many oranges (y＾u) ②.Zhangshui flows out of Yan, while the southeast flows into Ju (j&), which has a lot of gold and many sharks (ji1o) fish③.Its beasts are many Lu (lu) moose. [Note] ①Yak: A kind of pure black fur cattle, belonging to the yak class. ②櫾: Same as "Pomelo".Yuzu are similar to oranges but larger, with thick skin and a sour taste. ③Mackerel: It is the so-called shark now. It is large in size, ferocious in nature, and can eat people. [Translation] One hundred miles to the northeast is Jingshan Mountain, which is rich in iron in the north and gold in the south. There are many yaks, leopards and tigers in the mountains. The trees here are mostly pine and cypress. , the flowers and plants here are mostly clustered with small bamboos, and there are many orange trees and grapefruit trees.Zhangshui originates from this mountain, and then flows southeast into Jushui. The water is rich in gold and there are many sharks.Mountain donkeys and elk are the most wild animals in the mountains. One hundred and fifty miles to the northeast, it is called Jiaoshan Mountain, with many jades on it, green malls (hu＾) on its bottom, many pines and cypresses on its trees, and many peach branches with hook ends.The god (tu￥) surrounds it, and its shape is like a human (face) [and] sheep horns and tiger claws, constantly swimming in the abyss of Ju (j&) Zhang, and there is light in and out. [Translation] One hundred and fifty miles to the northeast, there is a proud mountain. There are rich jade on the mountain, and green malls are abundant at the foot of the mountain. bamboo.Immortals living in this mountain, their appearance is human, with sheep's horns and tiger's claws, they often swim in the abyss of Ju River and Zhang River, flashing when they go in and out. One hundred and twenty miles to the northeast, it is called Nuji Mountain, with many jades on it and gold below it, many beasts, leopards and tigers, many Lu (lu), moose, deer (j9ng), and muntjacs (j9)①, and many birds. Bai ■ (ji1o) ②, Duo Di (d@), Duo Zhen (zh6n) ③. [Note] ① Muntjac: a small deer. ②Bai ■: also called "■ pheasant", a bird like a pheasant with a long tail, often singing while flying. ③ Zhen: The poisonous bird, a legendary bird with a poisonous body, is as big as a vulture eagle, with purple-green feathers, a long neck and red mouth, and eats the heads of poisonous vipers. [Translation] One hundred and twenty miles to the northeast, there is Nvji Mountain. The mountain is rich in jade, and the bottom of the mountain is rich in gold. The wild animals in the mountain are leopards and tigers. There are also many mountain donkeys, elk, deer, and muntjacs. The birds here are mostly white, there are also many long-tailed pheasants, and many poisonous birds. Two hundred miles to the northeast, it is called Yizhu Mountain. There are many gold and jade on it, and there are many green malls (hu＾) below it.The water flows out of Yan (gu!), while the Nanliu flows into Zhang, which is mostly white jade. 【Translation】Two hundred miles further to the northeast, there is the Yizhu Mountain. Metal minerals and jade are mostly produced on the mountain, and green malls are mostly produced at the foot of the mountain.Weishui originates from this mountain, and then flows south into Zhangshui, where there are many white jades. Another two hundred miles to the northeast is Lun Mountain, which has many catalpas (z!), scorpions (n2n), many peach branches, many scorpions (zh1), chestnuts, oranges, and scorpions (y＾u)①, and many beasts ( lu) 麈 (zh () 麢 (l! ng), ■ (zhu＾)②. 【Notes】①Traumian: The shape of the tree is like a pear tree, but the trunk and branches are red, with yellow flowers and black fruits. ②■: A kind of big deer. ■: Its appearance is similar to that of a rabbit, but it has deer feet and its fur is blue. [Translation] Two hundred miles further to the northeast is Lun Mountain. In the dense jungle on the mountain, there are many catalpa and nanmu trees, and there are many clusters of peach branches and bamboos, as well as many tamarind, chestnut and orange trees. , pomelo tree, wild animals here are mostly mountain donkeys, stags, antelopes, and ■. Two hundred miles to the east, it is called the mountain of Lu (gu@), on which there are many jades (y()), on which there are many chalk (6), and on which there are many trees (ni () 橿 (ji1ng). [Translation] Two hundred miles to the east, there is a mountain called Lu. The foot of the mountain is rich in jade, and the bottom of the mountain is rich in chalk of various colors. One hundred and thirty miles to the east, it is called Guangshan Mountain, with many green trees above it and many trees (water) below it.It has a divine plan, and it looks like a human body with a dragon's head. It is constantly swimming in Zhangyuan, and there must be wind and rain when it enters and exits. [Notes] ① Piaofeng: whirlwind, storm. [Translation] One hundred and thirty miles further to the east, there is a mountain of light, with jasper everywhere on the mountain, and water flowing everywhere below the mountain.Immortal Ji Meng lived in this mountain, with the body of a man and the head of a dragon. He often swam in the abyss of the Zhangshui River, and when he went in and out, he was sure to be accompanied by whirlwinds and torrential rains. One hundred and fifty miles to the east, it is called Qi (q＠) Mountain. Its yang is mostly red gold, its yin is mostly white (m0n)①, its top is full of gold and jade, its bottom is full of green malls (hu＾), and its trees are mostly scorpion ( ch&).Shenshe ■ (tu￥) places it, it looks like a human body but has three legs. [Notes] ① Min: A beautiful stone like jade. [Translation] One hundred and fifty miles further to the east, there is a Qishan Mountain. The south of the mountain is rich in gold, and the north of the mountain is mostly white. There are many Ailanthus trees.Immortal She lived in this mountain, and his appearance was that of a human with a square face and three legs. One hundred and thirty miles to the east, it is called Tongshan Mountain. There are many gold, silver and iron on it, and there are many trees (valleys) [grain] (g%u), oak (zu＾), 柤 (zh1), chestnut, orange,櫾 (y＾u), and its beasts are many (zhu￥). 【Translation】One hundred and thirty miles further to the east is a copper mountain, rich in gold, silver, and iron. The trees here are mostly mulberry trees, oak trees, oak trees, chestnut trees, orange trees, and pomelo trees. Most of the beasts are f with leopard stripes. Another hundred miles to the northeast, it is called Meishan, and its beasts are many 兕 (s@), cattle, many Lu (lu), stag (zh (), many hogs (sh!), and deer, many gold on it, and green below it. Mall (hu＾). 【Translation】One hundred miles further to the northeast, there is a beautiful mountain. The wild beasts in the mountain are mostly bison and bison. There are also many mountain donkeys, stags, wild boars, and deer. There are more gold on the mountain, and green mallets on the bottom of the mountain. It is also a hundred miles to the northeast, called Dayao Mountain. Its trees are many pines and cypresses, many catalpas (z!) mulberry, many machines, its grass is many bamboos, and its beasts are many leopards, tigers, 麢 (l0ng), ■ (zhu＾) . [Notes] ① Machine: machine wood tree, that is, alder (q9) wood tree.It is a deciduous tree with tough wood, fast growth and easy forest formation. [Translation] One hundred miles further to the northeast is Dayao Mountain. Among the trees in the mountain, there are mostly pine and cypress trees, there are also many catalpas and mulberry trees, and there are many mech trees. The grass here is mostly clumps. Small bamboos, while leopards, tigers, antelopes, and wild animals are the most common. Three hundred miles to the northeast, it is called Lingshan Mountain. There are many gold and jade on it, green malls (hu＾) on it, and peaches, plums, plums, and apricots on its trees. 【Translation】Three hundred miles to the northeast is Lingshan Mountain, which is rich in metal minerals and jade, and green malls abound at the foot of the mountain. The trees here are mostly peach, plum, plum, and apricot trees. Also seventy miles to the northeast, it is called Longshan Mountain. There are many trees on the top, green on the top, red tin on the bottom, and peach branches and hook ends on the grass. [Note] ① Yumu: Also called Wantong, that is, a parasitic tree.It is divided into two types, the one with round leaves is called Tsutaki, and the one with ephedra-like leaves is called Nvluo.Because this kind of plant grows on other trees, like a bird standing on a tree, it is called parasitic, yumu, and twig.Commonly known as parasitic grass. ②Tin: Just as gold, silver, copper, iron, etc. recorded in this book refer to unrefined ores or ores, tin here also refers to unrefined tin clay.The same below. 【Translation】Seventy miles to the northeast is Longshan Mountain. The mountain is full of parasitic trees and rich in jasper. The bottom of the mountain is rich in red tin soil, and the grass is mostly small bamboo bushes such as peach branches and hook ends. Fifty miles southeast and southeast, it is called Mount Heng, and there are many trees, (valleys) [grain (g%u)], oaks, and many chalk (6) and chalk. [Translation] Fifty miles to the southeast, there is Mount Heng. There are many parasitic trees, mulberry trees, and oak trees on the mountain, and it is also rich in yellow chalk and white chalk. Seventy miles southeast and southeast, it is called Shishan Mountain, with a lot of gold on it, a lot of green malls (hu＾) under it, and a lot of wood. 【Translation】Seventy miles to the southeast, there is a rocky mountain. There is a lot of gold on the mountain, and there are abundant green mallets and many parasitic trees at the foot of the mountain. It is also a hundred and twenty miles south, called Ruoshan, on which there are many ■(y()) jade, many ocher (zh6), many (邽) [feng] stones①, many woods, and many zhes (zh6). [Notes] ① Fengshi: According to the ancients, it is a kind of mineral that can be used for medicine. It tastes sweet and has no toxicity. [Translation] One hundred and twenty miles further south, there is Ruoshan, which is rich in jade and ocher, and there are also many sealing stones. There are parasitic trees growing everywhere, and there are many zhe trees growing there. One hundred and twenty miles to the southeast, it is said to be a (zh@) mountain, with many beautiful stones and many zhes (zh6). [Translation] One hundred and twenty miles to the southeast, there is a mountain with many beautiful stones, and Zhe trees grow everywhere. One hundred and fifty miles southeast and southeast, it is called Yushan Mountain. There are many gold and jade on it, green and iron below it, and cypress trees on it. [Translation] One hundred and fifty miles to the southeast, there is a mountain of jade. The mountain is rich in metal minerals and jade, and the foot of the mountain is rich in jasper and iron. The trees here are mostly cypresses. Seventy miles southeast and southeast, it is called Yishan Mountain, with many sandalwood (t2n) trees, many (邽) [feng] stones, and many white tin. Yushui emerges above it and dives below it, among which there are many (d0) and sharp (l0). [Translation] Seventy miles to the southeast, there is a mountain. Most of the trees here are sandalwood, and it is also rich in sealing stones and white tin soil.Yushui originates from the top of the mountain and flows down the mountain. There are many millstones in the water. One hundred and fifty miles to the northeast, it is called Renju Mountain, which has many trees (valleys) [grain (g＾u)] oak (zu＾), its yang is more red gold, and its yin is more ocher (zh7). [Translation] One hundred and fifty miles to the northeast is Renju Mountain, where the trees are mostly mulberry and oak trees. The south of the mountain is rich in gold, and the north of the mountain is rich in ocher. Fifty miles to the east, it is said that the mountain of Shimei has many yang (d!) whetstones (l0), its yin is many green malls (hu＾), its trees are many cypresses, many sandalwood (t2n), many Zhes (zh6), Its grass and bamboo. [Translation] Fifty miles to the east, there is Shimei Mountain. The south side of the mountain is mostly millstone, and the north side of the mountain is mostly green mallow. The trees in the mountain are mostly cypress trees, and there are many sandalwood trees. Most of them are clusters of small bamboos. Two hundred miles to the southeast, it is called the Mountain of Qin and Drum, with many trees (valleys) [榖] (g＾u), oak (zu＾), pepper, and zhe (zh6) ①, and there are many white mints on it, and many on the bottom. Xishi, its beasts are many hogs (sh!), deer, many white rhinos (x9), and its birds are many poisons (zh6n). 【注释】①椒：据古人说，这种椒树矮小而丛生，如果在它下面有草木生长就会被刺死。与上文所记椒树指花椒树者似略有不同。 【译文】再往东南二百里，是座琴鼓山，这里的树木大多是构树、柞树、 椒树、柘树，山上多出产白色珉石，山下多出产洗石，这里的野兽，以野猪、 鹿最多，还有许多白色犀牛，而禽鸟大多是鸩鸟。 凡荆山之首，自景山至琴鼓之山，凡二十三山，二千八百九十里。其神状皆鸟身而人面。其祠：用一雄鸡祈瘗（y＠），用一藻圭，糈（x（）用稌（t＊）。 骄山，冢也。其祠：用羞酒少牢祈瘗，婴（毛）［用］一璧。 【译文】总计荆山山系之首尾，自景山起到琴鼓山止，一共二十三座山， 途经二千八百九十里。诸山山神的形貌都是鸟的身子而人的面孔。祭祀山神：在毛物中用一只公鸡祭祀后埋入地下，并用一块藻圭献祭，祀神的米用稻米。骄山，是诸山之宗主。祭祀骄山山神：用进献的美酒和猪、羊来祭祀而后埋入地下，在祀神的玉器中用一块玉璧。 中次九（经）［山］岷山之首，曰女几之山，其上多石涅（ni6）①，其木多杻（ni（）僵（ji1ng），其草多菊、■（zh＊）②。洛水出焉，东注于江③。其中多雄黄，其兽多虎、豹。 【注释】①石涅：当即涅石，一种矿物，可做黑色染料。 ②菊：通称菊花，品种繁多，有九百种，于是古人将其概括为两大类，一类是栽种在庭院中供观赏的，叫真菊；一类是在山野生长的， 叫野菊，别名叫苦薏。这里就是指野菊。 ③江：古人单称“江”或“江水”而不贯以名者，则大多是专指长江，这里即指长江。但本书记述山丘河流的方位走向都不甚确实，所述长江也不例外，与今天用科学方法测量出的长江不甚相符。现在译“江”或“江水”为“长江”，只是为了使译文醒目而有别于其它江水。The same below. 【译文】中央第九列山系岷山山系之首座山，叫做女几山，山上多出产石涅，这里的树木以杻树、橿树居多，而花草以野菊、苍术或白术居多。洛水从这座山发源，向东流入长江。山里到处有雄黄，而野兽以老虎、豹子最多。 又东北三百里，曰岷山。江水出焉，东北流注于海，其中多良龟，多鼍（tu￥）①。其上多金玉，其下多白珉。其木多梅棠，其兽多犀（x9）、象， 多夔（ku0）牛②，其鸟多翰、鷩（bi5）③。 【注释】①鼍：古人说是长得像蜥蜴，身上有花纹鳞，大的长达二丈，皮可以制做鼓用。也就是现在所说的扬子鳄，俗称猪婆龙。②夔牛：古人说是一种重达几千斤的大牛。③翰：就是上文所说的白翰鸟，野鸡的一种。鷩：就是上文所说的赤鷩鸟，现在叫锦鸡。 【译文】再往东北三百里，是座岷山。长江从岷山发源，向东北流入大海，水中生长着许多优良的龟，还有许多鼍。山上有丰富的金属矿物和玉石， 山下盛产白色珉石。山中的树木以梅树和海棠树最多，而野兽以犀牛和大象最多，还有大量的夔牛，这里的禽鸟大多是白翰鸟和赤鷩鸟。