Chapter 4 Shan Hai Jing volume 2 Xi Shan Jing

Xishan (Jing) The head of Huashan Mountain is called Qianlai Mountain. There are many pines on it and many washing stones below it.There is a beast named Yan (xi2n), whose shape is like a sheep and has a horsetail, and its fat can be waxed (x9)②. [Notes] ① Washing stone: The ancients said that it is a kind of tile stone used to wipe off dirt on the body when taking a bath. ② wax: the skin is chapped and wrinkled. 【Translation】The first mountain in the west, the Huashan Mountain System, is called Qianlai Mountain. There are many pine trees on the mountain, and there are many washing stones at the foot of the mountain.There is a wild animal in the mountains, which looks like a normal sheep but has a horse's tail. It is called 羬羊, and the oil of 羬羊 can heal dry and chapped skin.

Forty-five miles to the west and west, said is the mountain of pinecone.The 濩 (hu＾) water flows out of Yan, and the Beiliu flows into Wei, and there is a lot of copper in it.There is Niaoyan, whose name is ■(t￥ng)qu, which is shaped like a pheasant, with a black body and bare feet, and it can be ■(b4o). ② 【Note】①Copper: This refers to natural copper ore that can be refined into refined copper.The same below. ②■: Wrinkled skin. [Translation] Forty-five miles to the west from Qianlai Mountain is Songguo Mountain.The Sui River originates from this mountain and flows northward into the Wei River, which is rich in copper.There is a kind of bird in the mountain named Qu. It is shaped like a common pheasant, with a black body and red claws. It can be used to treat dry and wrinkled skin.

Sixty miles west and west, there is a mountain called Taihua, which is cut into a square, its height is five thousand Ren (r6n), and its width is ten miles, where no birds or beasts can live.There is a snake Yan, named Fei (■) [百], with six legs and four wings, see (xi4n) and there will be a severe drought in the world. [Notes] ①Mount of Taihua: It is Huashan Mountain in Xiyue in Shaanxi Province. ② Ren: In ancient times, eight feet was one Ren. [Translation] Sixty miles to the west, there is Taihua Mountain. The cliff is as steep as a knife and has a square shape. It is five thousand feet high and ten miles wide, where birds and beasts cannot live.There is a kind of snake in the mountains, named Feiyi, with six legs and four wings, and when it appears, there will be a severe drought in the world.

Eighty miles west and west, it is called Xiaohua Mountain, with many trees (q!), many animals (zu￥) cattle①, many yin (q0ng) stones②, and many yang (y( ）琈（f＊）of jade ③. There are many birds and red 鷩 (bi5) ④, which can resist fire ⑤. The grass has 萆 (b＠) Li ⑥, which is shaped like black leek, and it grows on stones, and it also grows by trees , It hurts to eat. [Notes] ① ox: According to the ancients, there are many mountain oxen growing in Xiaohua Mountain, all of which weigh about a thousand catties. This is ■ox. ② Rock: It is a stone that can be used to make musical instruments.The percussion instrument made by the ancients is called chime, which is usually hung on a shelf for playing.

③琈: A kind of jade in ancient legends, the specific shape and material are not clear. ④Red Grass: A bird belonging to the pheasant class, with red chest and abdomen, golden crown, yellow head, green tail, mixed with red feathers, and bright colors. ⑤ Yuhuo: Yu here means to screen out and open up.To guard against fire is to prevent fire, which means that fire cannot burn a person's body. ⑥ Lily: A kind of vanilla in ancient legends. [Translation] Eighty miles further to the west is Xiaohua Mountain. Most of the trees on the mountain are vitex and medlar trees, and most of the wild animals on the mountain are cattle.There are many red-crowned birds in the mountains, feeding them can ward off fires.In the mountains there is also a kind of grass called Lily, which is shaped like a leek, but grows on stones and climbs trees. People who eat it can cure heartaches.

Eighty miles west and west, it is called Fuyu Mountain. Its yang is mostly copper, and its yin is mostly iron.There is a wooden tree on it, which is called a stem, but it is actually like a jujube, which can be deaf.There are many grasses, its shape is like sunflower, and its red flower and yellow fruit are like a baby's tongue, which makes people not confused when eating it.The water of Fu Yu flows out of Yan, while Beiliu flows into Wei.Its beasts are mostly green and deaf ③, and its shape is like a sheep with red mane (li6).It has many birds (valleys) [grains] (m@n), and its shape is emerald green with a red beak (hu@)④, which can resist fire.

【Note】①Iron: This refers to natural iron ore that can be refined into iron.The same below. ②Sunflower: That is mallow, also known as winter vegetable, which is one of the important vegetables in ancient times. ③Onion and deafness: The ancients said it was a kind of wild goat. ④ Cui: Refers to the kingfisher, also known as the emerald bird, which is similar in size to a swallow, with a large head and a small body, with a strong and straight mouth. The feathers on the forehead, occipital and back are mainly green and dark green, and the feathers on the ears are The feathers on the cheeks and throat are white, the feathers on the wings are mainly dark brown, and the feathers under the chest are chestnut brown.Beak: Nirul's beak.

[Translation] Eighty miles further to the west, there is Fuyu Mountain. The sunny side of the south side of the mountain is rich in copper, and the yin side of the north side of the mountain is rich in iron.There is a kind of tree on the mountain, the name is the stem, and the fruit it bears is like a jujube, which can be used to treat deafness. The grass that grows in the mountains is mostly strip grass, which is similar in shape to sunflower, but it blooms red flowers and bears yellow fruits. The fruit looks like a baby's tongue, and eating it will not confuse people.Fuyu water originates from this mountain, and then flows northward into Weishui.Most of the beasts in the mountains are green and deaf, shaped like ordinary sheep but with red mane.Most of the birds in the mountains are cockroaches, which are shaped like ordinary kingfishers but have red beaks. Breeding them can ward off fires.

Sixty miles west and west, it is called the Rocky Mountain. Its trees are mostly palm trees (n2n), and its grasses are many.Its yang is rich in jade (y()) and its yin is rich in copper. It is poured with water, while Beiliu is poured into Yu water. Among them are Liu and Zhe (zh7) ②, and cows and horses are not sick when they are painted. 【Notes】①Article: The article mentioned here and the article mentioned above have the same name but different shapes. They are actually two kinds of grass. ② Flow, ochre: flow is sulfur, which is a natural mineral, used as medicine in traditional Chinese medicine, and has insecticidal effect; ochre, ochre, is a naturally occurring limonite that can be used as a yellow pigment.

[Translation] Sixty miles further to the west, there is a rocky mountain. Most of the trees on the mountain are palm trees and nanmu trees, and most of the grasses are strips of grass. The shape is similar to leeks, but the flowers are white and the flowers are black. Fruit, people eat this fruit can cure scabies.The south of the mountain is rich in jade, while the north of the mountain is rich in copper. The irrigation water originates from this mountain, and then flows northward into Yushui.There is sulfur and ochre in this water, which can make the cows and horses strong and healthy if they are sprinkled on the cows and horses.

Seventy miles west and west, it is called Yingshan Mountain, on which there are many 杻 (ni () 橿① (ji1ng), its yin is full of iron, and its yang is mostly red gold. There are many (b4ng) fish, its shape is like a turtle, and its sound is like a sheep. Its yang has many arrows ② (m6i), and its beasts are many (zu￥) cattle, 羬 (xi2n) sheep. There are birds, its shape is like Quail③ (ch＊n), yellow body and red beak (hu＠), its name is Feiyi④, and it can kill insects after eating it. [Notes] ①杻: A tree that grows similar to a di tree, with slender leaves that can be used to feed cattle, and the wood can be used to make car rims.橿: 橿 tree, the wood is hard, the ancients often used it to make cars. ②Arrow ■: A bamboo with long nodes, thick skin, and deep roots. Its shoots can be dug out from the ground in winter to eat. ③ Quail: The abbreviation of "quail". It is a bird with a body shape like a chicken, a small head and a short tail, reddish-brown feathers with yellow and white stripes.Male quail are aggressive. ④Feiyi: The fatyi mentioned here is a kind of bird, and the fatyi mentioned above is a kind of snake. Although the names are the same, they are actually two kinds of animals. ⑤ Plague: Leprosy, that is, leprosy. [Translation] Seventy miles further to the west, there is Yingshan Mountain, which is full of 杻 and 橿 trees. The shady side of the north side of the mountain is rich in iron, and the yang side of the mountain is rich in gold.Yushui originates from this mountain and flows north into Zhaoshui. There are many fish in the water, which are shaped like ordinary soft-shelled turtles and make a sound like sheep.There are also many arrow bamboos and bamboos growing in the south of the mountain, and most of the wild animals are cattle and sheep.There is a bird in the mountain, shaped like a common quail, with a yellow body and a red beak. Fifty-two miles west and west, said Zhushan, with many trees on it and many irons on it.There is Caoyan, its name is Huangyu (gu4n), its shape is like a jaundice (ch&), its leaves are like hemp, white and red, and its shape is like ocher (zh7). Potato (f*).The bamboo water flows out of Yan, and the north stream flows into the Wei, where there are many bamboo arrows and many beryls.Danshui flows out, and the southeast flows into Luoshui, where there are many water jade and many fish.There is a beast Yan, whose shape is like a dolphin and has white hair, [hair] is as big as a jig (j9) with a black end③, and its name is Haoyu④ (zh@). [Notes] ①Ailanthus: Ailanthus ailanthus tree, which grows very tall, with gray and uncracked bark, thick branchlets, pinnate compound leaves, and white-green flowers in summer. ②Ochre: Ochre is what is now called hematite, a yellow-brown mineral dye used by the ancients. ③笄: It is a hairpin, a long needle used by the ancients to insert the rolled-up hair or connect the crown on the hair. ④ Porcupine: porcupine, commonly known as porcupine. [Translation] Fifty-two miles further to the west, there is a bamboo mountain with tall trees everywhere, and the north side of the mountain is rich in iron.There is a kind of grass in the mountains, the name is Huanglu, its shape is like a scorpion tree, but its leaves are like hemp leaves, and it has white flowers and red fruits. Edema.The bamboo water originates from this mountain and flows north into the Weishui River. On the north bank of the bamboo water, there are many small bamboo bushes and many blue jade stones.Danshui also originates from this mountain and flows southeast into Luoshui. The water produces many crystal stones and many mermaids.There is a kind of beast in the mountain, its shape is like a pig, but it has white hair, the hair is as thick as a hairpin, and the tip is black. Its name is Haoyu. One hundred and twenty miles west and west, it is called Fushan Mountain, where many look forward to trees, trifoliate (zh!) leaves without injury, and wood insects live there. There is Cao Yan, named Xun (x&n) Grass, with hemp leaves and square stems, red flowers and black solids, smelly (xi)) like extravagant (m0) vermicelli ②, and can be worn out (l@). [Notes] ① Hovenia: Hovenia, also known as "citrus orange" and "stinky orange", has thick thorns on the leaves.Compound leaves, three leaflets, with transparent glandular points.Harmless: Refers to no sharp thorns that can stab people. ② Odor: smell.Vermicelli: a herb that smells like orchids. 【Translation】One hundred and twenty miles further to the west, there is a floating mountain, full of hope trees, with leaves like hoist trees but without thorns, and the insects on the trees live here.There is a kind of grass in the mountains, the name is smoked grass, the leaves are like hemp leaves but with square stems, red flowers and black fruits, and the smell is like weed. It can cure leprosy by inserting it on the body. Seventy miles west and west, it is said to be the second mountain, where the lacquer water flows out, and the north flow flows into Wei.There are many 棫 (y)) 橿① (ji1ng) on ​​it, there are many bamboo arrows on it, red copper on its yin ②, and jade on the baby wall (yu2n) on its yang ③. There is a beast Yan, whose shape is like a yu but with long arms, good at throwing, and its name is 嚻 (xi1o)④.There is Niaoyan, whose shape is like an owl (xi1o), with a human face and one foot, called 橐 (tu￥) ■ (f6i), see in winter (xi4n) and summer sting (zh6) ⑤, it is not afraid of thunder. 【Notes】①棫: A tree that grows very small, with thorns on its branches, and the fruits it bears are like ears, reddish purple, edible. ② Red copper: that is, brass.This refers to unrefined natural copper ore.The same below. ③Yingyuan: A kind of jade, which can be mainly used to make ornaments hanging around the neck. ④嚻: A kind of beast, the ancients said it was a macaque, similar in appearance to a human. ⑤ Sting: The state of animals lurking in the soil or caves during hibernation without eating or moving. [Translation] Seventy li to the west, there is a mountain called Yanci.Qishui originates here and flows north into Weishui. On the mountain there are dense fen trees and coriander trees, and at the foot of the mountain there are dense small bamboo groves. The yin side of the north side of the mountain is rich in red copper, while the yang side of the mountain side is rich in Yingyuan jade.There is a beast in the mountain, its shape is like a monkey, its arms are very long, and it is good at throwing, its name is 嚻.There is also a bird in the mountains, shaped like an ordinary owl, with a human-like face and only one foot, called 橐■, which often appears in winter and hibernates in summer. Putting its feathers on its body makes people not afraid of thunder. One hundred and fifty miles west and west, there is no vegetation on Mount Shi.Chasing water out of Yan, Beiliu flows into Wei, and there are many water jades in it. [Translation] One hundred and fifty miles further to the west, there is a mountain of time, with no flowers, plants or trees.Zhushui originates from this mountain and flows northward into Weishui.There are many crystal stones in the water. One hundred and seventy miles west and west, it is called Nanshan Mountain, and there are many Dansu on it.Danshui flows out of Yan, and Beiliu flows into Wei.There are many beasts and leopards, and many birds are dead doves (ji &). ② 【Notes】① Leopard: A legendary beast, similar to a bear in shape but smaller, with shiny light-colored fur, eats snakes, and can also eat copper and iron. ② Corpse dove: that is, cuckoo. 【Translation】One hundred and seventy miles further to the west, there is a Nanshan Mountain, full of dansha the size of millet grains.Danshui originates from this mountain and flows northward into Weishui.Most of the beasts in the mountains are fierce leopards, while most of the birds are cuckoos. One hundred and eighty miles west and west, it is said that the mountain of Dashi has many (valleys) [榖] (g＾u) oaks (zu＾)① on the top, many 杻 (ni () stiff (ji1ng) on ​​the bottom, many Yin and silver, and Yang More white jade. Cen (qi4n) water flows out, and the north flows into the Wei. The clear water flows out, and the south flows into the Han River. [Note] ① Oak: The ancients said it was a oak tree.Its wood can be used for construction, utensils, fuel, etc. [Translation] One hundred and eighty miles further to the west is the Dashi Mountain. There are many mulberry and oak trees on the mountain, and there are many scorpion and deadwood trees at the foot of the mountain. The north of the mountain is rich in silver, and the south of the mountain is rich in white jade. .The Cen River originates from this mountain and flows northward into the Wei River.Qingshui also originates from this mountain, but flows southward into Hanshui. Three hundred and twenty miles west and west, it is called the mountain of the tomb, the Han River flows out, and the southeast flows into Mian (mi3n); the 嚻 (xi1o) water flows out, and the north flows into Tangshui.There are many peach branches and hook ends①, beasts are many rhinoceros (x9) 兕 (s@) bears ② (p0), birds are many white hanchi (b6i)③.There is Caoyan, whose leaves are like Huihui ④, and its roots are like tangerine (j*) stalks ⑤, black and flashy but not solid, the name is rong (g()), and eating it will make people childless. [Note] ①Peach branch: A kind of bamboo, which is divided into sections every four inches.Hook end: It belongs to bamboo such as peach branch bamboo. ②罴: A kind of bear. ③Baihan: A kind of bird, white pheasant, also known as white pheasant. The upper body and two wings of the male white pheasant are white, the tail is long, and the central tail feathers are pure white.This bird often lives in alpine bamboo forests. ④ Hui: Hui grass is a kind of vanilla, which belongs to bluegrass and the like. ⑤ Campanulaceae: The stem of the orange tree. 【Translation】Three hundred and twenty miles further to the west is Sizhong Mountain, where the Han River originates, and then flows southeast into the Mian River; the Kai River also originates here, and flows northward into Tangshui.There are verdant peach-branched bamboos and hooked bamboos everywhere on the mountain. The wild animals are mostly rhinoceros, si, bears, and cockroaches, but the birds are mostly baihan and red grenades.There is a kind of grass in the mountains, the leaves are like Cymbidium leaves, the stem is like Platycodon grandiflora, and it has black flowers but no fruits. Three hundred and fifty miles west and west, it is called the Mountain of the Emperor of Heaven, with many palms (n2n) on the top and many Jian (ji1n) Hui on the bottom. There is Beast Yan, whose shape is like a dog, and its name is by the side of the stream, and those whose skins are matted are not Gu (g()①). It has already eaten hemorrhoids. There are grasses, its shape is like sunflower, and its smell (xi) is like extravagant, and its name is Du Heng③. ④ [Notes] ①Xi: It is used as a verb here, meaning foreshadowing. ② Weng: the hair on the bird's neck. ③ Du Heng: a kind of vanilla. ④ Gall: a disease of local cell proliferation in the human body, usually forming cystic neoplasms, smaller in shape and size, and more fleshy.This refers to the sarcoma of the neck. 【Translation】Three hundred and fifty miles to the west, there is Tiandi Mountain. The mountain is densely covered with palm and nanmu trees, and the main growth of thatch and Cymbidium is at the foot of the mountain.There is a kind of wild animal in the mountain, its shape is like an ordinary dog, and its name is Xibian. When people sit or lie down, lay the skin of the beast by the stream to avoid evil spirits and poisonous gas.There is another kind of bird in the mountains, its shape is like a common quail bird, but it has black patterns and red neck hair. Its name is oak, and its meat can cure hemorrhoids.There is also a kind of grass in the mountain, which is shaped like sunflower and emits the same smell as mulberry. Its name is Du Heng. Putting it on the horse can make the horse run fast, and people can heal the neck pain by eating it. sarcoidosis. Three hundred and eighty miles to the southwest, called the Gao (g1o) Tuzhi Mountain, the Qiang (s6) water flows out, and the west flows into the water of various capitals;Its yang is full of dansu, its yin is full of silver and gold, and its top is full of osmanthus.There is Baishiyan, whose name is 礜(y))①, which can poison rats.There is grass Yan, its shape is like stalks (g3o) longan (b2)②, its leaves are like sunflowers with red backs, it is called Wutiao, and it can poison rats.There is a beast named (■) [玃] (ju6) Ru.There is Niaoyan, whose shape is like a bird (Ch9) but has human feet, and its name is Shusi, and it has eaten galls. [Notes] ① 礜: That is, 礜石, a mineral, poisonous.Pale and two-colored stones can be used as medicine.If there are various rocks in the mountains, vegetation will not grow, and frost and snow will not accumulate; if there are various rocks in the water, they will prevent the water from freezing. ② Longum longum: a kind of vanilla whose rhizome can be used as medicine. 【Translation】Three hundred and eighty miles to the southwest is Mount Gaotu, where the Qiangshui originates and flows westward into Zhuzishui; the Tushui also originates here, and flows southward into the Jihuo River.The south side of the mountain is full of millet-sized dansha, the north side of the mountain is rich in silver and gold, and the mountain is full of osmanthus trees.There is a kind of white stone in the mountain named 礜, which can be used to poison rats.There is also a kind of grass in the mountains, which is shaped like a longhorn, and whose leaves are like sunflower leaves with red undersides. Its name is Wutiao, and it can be used to poison rats.There is also a kind of beast in the mountains, whose shape is like a common deer, but with a white tail, horse-like hooves, human-like hands and four horns, its name is Xingru.There is also a kind of bird in the mountain, which is shaped like a hawk but has human-like feet. Its name is Shusi. Eating its meat can cure the sarcoid disease on people's necks. One hundred and eighty miles west and west, called Huangshan Mountain, there is no vegetation, but there are many bamboo arrows.Looking forward to the water coming out, the west flow is poured into Chishui, and there are many jades in it.There is a beast named Yan, whose shape is like a cow, but with big black eyes, and its name is ■(m!n).There is Niaoyan, whose shape is like an owl (xi1o), with green feathers and red beak (hu@), who can speak with a human tongue, and its name is parrot (m￥u)①. [Note] ① Parrot ■: Parrots, commonly known as parrots, have beautiful feathers and soft fleshy tongues. After repeated training, they can imitate human voices.There are many kinds. [Translation] One hundred and eighty miles to the west, there is Huangshan Mountain, which has no flowers, plants and trees, but lush bamboo bushes everywhere.Panshui originates from this mountain and flows westward into Chishui. There are many jades in the water.There is a beast in the mountains, whose shape is like an ordinary cow, but with pale black fur and big eyes, its name is ■.There is another kind of bird in the mountains, which is shaped like an owl, but with blue feathers and a red beak, and a human-like tongue that can imitate human speech. Its name is Parrot. Two hundred miles to the west, it is called Cuishan, on which there are many palm trees (n2n), and on the bottom there are many bamboo arrows, on its yang, there are many gold and jade, and on its yin, there are many oxen, deer (l0ng), and musk deer (sh6). ①.It has many birds (l7i), its shape is like a magpie, it is red and black with two heads and four legs, and it can resist fire. [Note] ①Yan Niu: That is, yak.麢: An antelope, shaped like a sheep but larger, with rounded and sharp horns, likes to move among cliffs. 麢, the same as "antelope".Musk deer: An animal, also called musk deer, with short forelimbs, long hind limbs, small hoofs, large ears, brown body hair, and no horns in both males and females.There are musk glands between the umbilicus and genital opening of male musk deer, and the musk secreted can be used for medicine and spices. [Translation] Two hundred miles to the west, there is a green mountain with dense palm and nanmu trees on the mountain, and bamboo groves everywhere under the mountain. The south of the mountain is rich in gold and jade, and the north of the mountain is full of yaks, antelopes, and musk deer.Most of the birds in the mountains are magpies, shaped like common magpies, but with red and black feathers, two heads, and four legs. People raise them to ward off fire. Another two hundred and fifty miles to the west, it is called 騩 (gu9) Mountain, which is 錞 (ch*n) in the West Sea ①, without vegetation and rich in jade.The desolate water flows out, and flows westward into the sea, in which there are many quarried stones, gold, and many millet. [Notes] ①錞: Attachment.Here is the meaning of seated and high. ② Quarrying: According to the ancients, it is a colored stone, like minerals such as orpiment. [Translation] Two hundred and fifty miles to the west, there is Mount Lu, which is located on the west coast. There are no flowers and trees here, but there are many jade stones.Qishui originates from this mountain and flows westward into the sea. There are many quarried stones, gold, and many dansas the size of millet grains in the water. The head of Fanxi (Jing) [Mountain], from Qianlai Mountain to Yu (gu9) Mountain, Fanjiu Mountain, 2,957 miles.Huashan Tomb (zh%ng) also, the ceremony of its ancestral hall: Tailao①.The god of the mountain (y＊) is also the god of the mountain, candles are used in the temple, a hundred sacrifices are used for fasting for a hundred days②, a hundred jades (y＊) are used for urination (y＠)③, a hundred bottles of soup and wine④, and a hundred gui (gu9) are used for babies. Bi ⑤.The rest of the genus of the seventeen mountains are all Mao ■ (qu2n) ⑥ with a sheep temple. For candles, the herbs are not ashes, and the white mats are picked to be pure. [Notes] ①Tailao: When the ancients carried out sacrificial activities, the three animals used for sacrifices, cattle, sheep, and pigs, were all prepared as Tailao. ②Zhai: The ancients cleaned their bodies before offering sacrifices or holding ceremonies to show respect.Sacrifice: A pure-color sacrifice used in ancient sacrifices.Animals are whole domestic animals used for sacrificial offerings. ③ Yu: beautiful jade. ④ Soup: Tong "hot". ⑤ Ying: According to scholars' research, Ying is the special name for worshiping gods with jade articles.Gui: Same as "Gui", a long strip of jade with a triangular upper end. ⑥ Mao ■: Refers to the wool and livestock used in worshiping gods as a whole. 【Translation】In total, there are nineteen mountains at the beginning and end of the first mountain series in the west, from Qianlai Mountain to Lu Mountain, and the distance is 2,957 li.The Huashan God is the suzerain of all the mountain gods, and the ritual of offering sacrifices to the Huashan God: use pigs, cows, and sheep as sacrifices.The god of Yanshan Mountain is magical and mighty. Candles are used to worship the mountain god of Yanshan Mountain. After fasting for 100 days, 100 pure-coated livestock are buried in the ground along with 100 yuan of jade, and then 100 bottles of fine wine are scalded. Use one hundred pieces of jade and one hundred pieces of jade.The ceremonies for offering sacrifices to the gods of the other seventeen mountains are the same, and a whole sheep is used as a sacrifice.The so-called candles are the torches made of herbs but not burned to ashes, and the mats for worshiping the gods are white thatch mats whose edges are decorated with various colors and gradients in an orderly manner. The head of Xici Er (Jing) [Mountain] is Qian (qi2n) Mountain, which has a lot of copper on it, a lot of jade on it, and a lot of wood on it (ni () 橿 (ji1ng). 【Translation】The first mountain in the second series of mountains in the west is called Mount Qian. The mountain is rich in copper, and the bottom of the mountain is rich in jade. Two hundred miles to the west, it is called Taimao Mountain. Its yang is rich in gold, and its yin is rich in iron. (Bath) [Luo] The water flows out, and flows eastward into the river ①, in which there are many algae and jade ②.Many white snakes. [Notes] ① River: The ancients called "river" or "river water" without referring to the name, and most of them refer to the Yellow River, which refers to the Yellow River here.However, the direction and direction of the mountains and rivers described in this book are not very accurate, and the Yellow River mentioned is no exception. In addition, the Yellow River has changed its course many times in ancient times, so it is not consistent with the Yellow River seen today.The current translation of "river" or "river water" as "Yellow River" is just to make the translation eye-catching and different from other rivers.The same below. ②Zaoyu: beautiful jade with color texture. 【Translation】Two hundred miles to the west, there is Mount Taimao. The south side of the mountain produces more gold, and the north side of the mountain produces more iron. Luoshui originates from this mountain and flows eastward into the Yellow River. There are many algae jade and many white water snakes in the water. One hundred and seventy miles west and west, there is a mountain called Shuli, with a lot of gold on it, and a lot of silver below it. It flows into Wei, and there are many white pearls in it. [Translation] One hundred and seventy miles further west, there is Mount Shuli. The mountain is rich in gold, and the bottom of the mountain is rich in silver. Most of the trees in the mountain are jalapeno trees and cypress trees, and most of the birds are parrots.The Chu River originates from this mountain, and then flows south into the Wei River, and there are many white pearls in the water. Fifty miles to the northwest, there is a high mountain, with silver on it, green green and realgar below it, brown trees on it, and bamboo on its grass.Jingshui flows out of Yan, while the east flows into Wei, among which there are many chime (q＠ng) stones and blue green. [Notes] ①Qingbi: Green jade.Realgar: Also called Cockscomb Stone, it is a mineral that was often used as a detoxification and insecticide by the ancients. ② Bamboo: This refers to the low and clustered small bamboos, so they are regarded as grass. [Translation] Fifty li further to the northwest, there is a high mountain with rich silver on it, green green and realgar everywhere at the foot of the mountain, most of the trees in the mountain are palm trees, and most of the grass is small bamboo clumps.Jingshui originates from this mountain, and then flows eastward into Weishui. There are many chime stones and green jade in the water. Three hundred miles to the southwest, it is called the Mountain of Nuchuang. Its yang is mostly red copper, its yin is mostly stone nirvana (ni6) ①, and its beasts are many tigers, leopards, rhinoceros (x9), and 兕 (s@).There is Niaoyan, whose shape is like Zhai (d@) and Wucaiwen②, named Luanniao③, seeing (xi4n) means peace in the world. [Notes] ①Stone Nie: According to the ancients, it is graphite, which was used as black dye in ancient times, and can also be used for thrush and writing. ② Zhai: a pheasant with a long tail, and its shape is also larger than ordinary pheasants. ③Luanniao: A legendary bird belonging to the phoenix category. [Translation] Three hundred miles to the southwest, there is Nvchuang Mountain. The south of the mountain is rich in brass, and the north of the mountain is rich in stone nirvana. The wild animals in the mountain are mostly tigers, leopards, rhinoceros and 兕.There is also a bird in the mountains, which looks like a pheasant but has colorful feathers. Its name is the luan bird. Once it appears, the world will be peaceful. Two hundred miles west and west, it is called the mountain of Longshou. Its yang is mostly gold, and its yin is mostly iron.The sweet water flows out of Yan, and flows into Jingshui in the southeast, in which there are many beautiful jades. [Translation] Two hundred miles to the west, there is Longshou Mountain. The south side of the mountain is rich in gold, and the north side of the mountain is rich in iron. The Tiaoshui originates from this mountain and flows southeast into the Jingshui. There are many beautiful jades in the water. Two hundred miles west and west, it is said that the mountain of Lutai has a lot of white jade on it, a lot of silver on it, and a lot of beasts (zu￥) cattle, 羬 (xi2n) sheep, and Baihao①.There is Niaoyan, whose shape is like a rooster and has a human face, and its name is Fu (f*) 徯 (x9). 【Note】①Bai Hao: A porcupine with white hair. ②Soldier: military, fighting. [Translation] Two hundred miles further to the west, there is Lutai Mountain. White jade is mostly produced on the mountain, and silver is mostly produced at the bottom of the mountain. The wild animals in the mountain are mainly oxen, sheep, and white hogs.There is a bird in the mountain, its shape is like a common rooster but it has a human face. Its name is fu wan, and its cry is the pronunciation of its own name. Once it appears, there will be war in the world. Two hundred miles to the southwest, it is called Niaowei Mountain. Its yang is full of chime (q＠ng) stones, its yin is full of sandalwood (t2n) ch (ch)①, and many of them are female beds②. The water of Niaowei comes out, west It flows into Chishui, among which there are many Dansu. [Notes] ① Sandalwood: Sandalwood, the wood is extremely fragrant, and can be used as a utensil.楮: That is, the mulberry tree, which grows very tall, and its bark can be used to make mulberry paper. ② Female bed: According to the ancients, it is female intestinal grass. 【Translation】Two hundred miles to the southwest, there is Niaowei Mountain. The south side of the mountain is full of chime stones, and the north side of the mountain is full of sandalwood and mulberry trees. There are many female intestine grasses growing in the mountain.Niaowei water originates from this mountain and flows westward into Chishui, where there are many dansas the size of millet grains. Four hundred miles west and west, there is a mountain called Xiaoci, with white jade on it and red copper below it.There is a beast Yan, whose shape is like an ape, but with a white head and bare feet, its name is Zhu Yan, and when it sees (xi4n), it is a soldier. 【Translation】Four hundred miles further to the west, there is a small mountain. The mountain is rich in white jade, and the bottom of the mountain is rich in brass. There is a wild beast in the mountains, its shape is like an ordinary ape, but its head is white, its feet are red, its name is Zhu Yan, and it will start a war when it appears. Three hundred miles to the west, it is called the mountain of Daci, its yang is more chalky (6), ① its yin is more green, and its beasts are more ■ (zu￥) cattle, 麢 (l0ng) sheep. [Note] ① Chalk: It can be used as soil for painting and painting walls, and it has various colors such as white, red, blue, and yellow. 【Translation】Three hundred miles further to the west, there is the Daci Mountain. The south side of the mountain is rich in chalk, and the north side of the mountain is rich in jasper. The wild animals in the mountain are mostly oxen and antelope. Four hundred miles to the west, there is a mountain called Xunwu, with no vegetation, but rich in gold and jade. 【Translation】Four hundred li to the west is Xunwu Mountain. There are no flowers and trees on the mountain, but there are rich metal minerals and jade. Four hundred miles west and west, it is said (■) [厎] (zh!) The mountain of Yang has many trees (j@), 枏 (n2n), Yuzhang①, and its beasts are many rhinoceros (x9), 兕 (s @), tiger, 犳 (zhu￥), ■ (zu￥) cow②. 【Notes】①■: That is, cork pine, with thorns, and the wood texture is very fine.Yuzhang: The ancients said that it is a camphor tree, also called camphor, an evergreen tree with a camphor aroma.There is also a saying in ancient times that the two trees are unrecognizable when they are young and are regarded as a kind of tree. In fact, Yu is a sleeper, and Zhang is a camphor wood. After seven years of growth, the pillow and Zhang can be distinguished. ②f: According to the ancients, it is a beast with leopard stripes on its body. [Translation] Four hundred miles to the west, there is Mount Puyang. The trees on the mountain are mostly water pine, nanmu, and camphor trees, and the wild animals are mostly rhinos, si, tigers, yaks, and oxen. Two hundred and fifty miles west and west, it is called the mountain of beasts, on which there are many (y()) jade (f*) jades, and on the bottom there are many sandalwood (t2n) chu (ch (), many golds, and its beasts are many rhinoceros. , Si. [Translation] Two hundred and fifty miles further to the west, there is a mountain of beasts. There are many jades on the mountain, and sandalwood and mulberry trees are everywhere at the foot of the mountain, which is rich in gold. Five hundred miles west and west, it is called the Emperor's Mountain. There are many gold and jade on it, and there are many greens and realgars below it.The emperor's water flows out, and the west flows into the Chishui, in which there are many Dansu. [Note] ①Blue: This refers to azurite, which is a mineral that can be used to make blue dye. 【Translation】Five hundred miles further to the west, there is Huangren Mountain. There are rich metal minerals and jade on the mountain, and azurite and realgar are abundant at the foot of the mountain.Huangshui originates from this mountain and flows westward into Chishui. There are many dansas the size of millet grains in the water. Three hundred miles west and west, it is called Zhonghuang's mountain, with a lot of gold on it, and a lot of Hui and Tang (t2ng) on ​​it. [Note] ①Tang: This refers to the Tang pear tree, which bears pear-like fruit but is smaller, edible, and tastes sweet and sour. 【Translation】Three hundred miles further to the west, there is Zhonghuang Mountain. The mountain is rich in gold, and the foot of the mountain is full of Cymbidium and Tangli trees. Three hundred and fifty miles west and west, it is called Xihuang Mountain. Its yang is rich in gold, its yin is rich in iron, and its beasts are mostly elk (m@), deer, elk (zu￥) cattle①. [Notes] ①Moose: that is, elk, with light brown coat color, thicker back, lighter belly, and males have horns.Because its horns are like deer antlers but not like it, its head is like a horse's head but not like it, its body is like a donkey's body but not like it, and its hoof is like an ox's hoof but not like it, so the ancients called it "four different images". 【Translation】Three hundred and fifty miles further to the west is Xihuang Mountain. The south of the mountain produces more gold, and the north of the mountain produces more iron. The wild animals in the mountain are mostly elk, deer, and elk. Three hundred and fifty miles west and west, it is called Mount Lai. Its trees are many sandalwood (t2n) chu (ch (), and its birds are many Luoluo, which are cannibals. 【Translation】Three hundred and fifty miles further to the west, there is Mount Lai. Most of the trees in the mountain are sandalwood and mulberry, and most of the birds are lolo, which can eat people. The head of Fanxi Cier (Jing) [Mountain], from Qian (qi2n) Mountain to Yulai Mountain, all seventeen mountains, four thousand one hundred and forty miles.The ten gods all have human faces and horse bodies.The seven gods all have a human face and a bull body, with four legs and one arm, and they can walk with a staff. They are the gods of flying beasts.In its ancestral hall, Mao uses Shao (sh4o) prison ①, and Bai Jian (ji1n) is the seat. For the ten generations of gods, in his ancestral hall, Mao is a rooster, with a seal but not a seal (x()); Mao Cai. [Note] ①Mao: Refers to hairy things, that is, pigs, chickens, dogs, sheep, cattle and other livestock and poultry used in sacrifices to gods.Shaolao: In ancient times, it was called sacrificial pigs and sheep. 【Translation】In total, there are 17 mountains at the beginning and end of the second series of mountains in the west, from Mount Qian to Mount Lai, covering a distance of 4,140 li.Among them, the mountain gods of ten mountains all have human faces and horse bodies. There are also seven mountain gods with human faces and the body of a cow, with four feet and one arm, walking with a cane. , sheep as sacrifices, put it on the white thatch mat.For the other ten mountain gods, a rooster was used in the sacrifice ceremony, and rice was not used as a sacrifice when offering sacrifices to the gods; the colors of the wool objects should be mixed rather than pure. The head of the Xici San (Jing) [Mountain] is called Chongwu Mountain. It is in the south of the river, looking north at the tomb (zh%ng), looking south at the marsh (y3o), and looking west at the Emperor’s Fighting Beast ( Hill) [mountain], look east to ■ (y1n) Yuan.There is wood Yan, with leaves and white spruce (f () ①, red and black, actually like trifoliate (zh!), suitable for descendants to eat. There is a beast named Yan, whose shape is like a crocodile with arms, a leopard (tiger) [tail] and good at throwing, and its name is Jufu.There is Niaoyan, whose shape is like a mallard (f*), and it has one wing and one eye, and it can fly when it meets it. [Note] ① member: Tong "circle".柎: calyx.It is composed of several sepals, which are located in the outer ring of the flower and play the role of protecting the flower bud. [Translation] The first mountain in the third mountain series in the west is called Chongwu Mountain. It is located on the south bank of the Yellow River. On Boshou Mountain, you can see Yuanyuan to the east.There is a kind of tree in the mountains, with round leaves, white calyx, and red flowers with black veins. The fruit it bears is similar to that of citrus aurantium, and eating it can make people have many children and grandchildren.There is another beast in the mountains, shaped like an ape but with stripes on its arms, with a tail like a leopard and good at throwing. Its name is Jufu.There is also a kind of bird in the mountain, its shape is like a common wild duck, but it has only one wing and one eye, and it takes two birds together to fly. Three hundred miles from the northwest, it is called the Mountain of Changsha.泚（c！）水出焉，北流注于泑（y＃u）水， 无草木，多青、雄黄。 【译文】往西北三百里，是座长沙山。泚水从这里发源，向北流入泑水， 山上没有花草树木，多的是石青、雄黄。 又西北三百七十里，曰不周之山①。北望诸■（b9）之山，临彼岳崇之山，东望泑（y＃u）泽，河水所潜也，其原浑浑（g（ng（n）泡泡（p2op2o） ②。爰（yu2n）有嘉果，其实如桃，其叶如枣，黄华而赤柎（f（），食之不劳。 【注释】①不周之山：即不周山。据古人讲，因为这座山的形状有缺而不周全的地方，所以叫不周山。山的西北部不周全，风从这里刮出，称为不周风。传说山形有缺而不周全的原因，是共工与颛顼争帝位时发怒触撞造成的。②原：“源”的本字。水源。浑浑泡泡：形容水喷涌的声音。 【译文】再往北三百七十里，是座不周山。在山上向北可以望见诸■山， 高高的居于岳崇山之上，向东可以望见泑泽，是黄河源头所潜在的地方，那源头之水喷涌而发出浑浑泡泡的响声。这里有一种特别珍贵的果树，结出的果实与桃子很相似，叶子却很像枣树叶，开着黄色的花朵而花萼却是红红的，吃了它就能使人解除烦恼忧愁。 又西北四百二十里，曰峚（m＠）山，其上多丹木，员叶而赤茎，黄华而赤实，其味如饴（y0），食之不饥。丹水出焉，西流注于稷泽，其中多白玉。 是有玉膏，其原沸沸（f6if6i）汤汤（sh1ngsh1ng）①，黄帝是食是飨（xi3ng） ②。是生玄玉。玉膏所出，以灌丹木，丹木五岁，五色乃清，五味乃馨③。 黄帝乃取峚山之玉荣④，而投之钟山之阳。瑾（j！n）瑜之玉为良⑤，坚（粟） ［栗］精密⑥，浊泽（有）而［有］光。五色发作，以和柔刚。天地鬼神，是食是飨；君子服之，以御不祥。自峚山至于钟山，四百六十里，其间尽泽也。 是多奇鸟、怪兽、奇鱼，皆异物焉。 【注释】①沸沸汤汤：水腾涌的样子。 ②飨：通“享”。enjoy. ③馨：芳香。 ④玉荣：玉华。 ⑤瑾：美玉。 ⑥栗：坚。 【译文】再往西北四百二十里，是座峚山，山上到处是丹木，红红的茎干上长着圆圆的叶子，开黄色的花朵而结红色的果实，味道是甜的，人吃了它就不感觉饥饿。丹水从这座山发源，向西流入稷泽，水中有很多白色玉石。 这里有玉膏，玉膏之源涌出时一片沸沸腾腾的景象，黄帝常常服食享用这种玉膏。这里还出产一种黑色玉石。用这涌出的玉膏，去浇灌丹木，丹木再经过五年的生长，便会开出光艳美丽的五色花朵，结下味道香甜的五色果实。 黄帝于是就采撷峚山中玉石的精华，而投种在钟山向阳的南面。后来便生出瑾和瑜这类美玉，坚硬而精密，润厚而有光泽。五种颜色的符彩一同散发出来相互辉映，那就有刚有柔而非常和美。无论是天神还是地鬼，都来服食享用；君子佩带它，能抵御妖邪不祥之气的侵袭。从峚山到钟山，长四百六十里，其间全部是水泽。在这里生长着许许多多奇怪的禽鸟、怪异的野兽、神奇的鱼类，都是些罕见的怪物。 又西北四百二十里，曰钟山。其子曰鼓，其状（如）人面而龙身，是与钦■（p9）杀葆江于昆仑之阳，帝乃戮之钟山之东曰■崖。钦■化为大鹗（6） ①，其状如雕而黑文白首，赤喙（hu＠）而虎爪，其音如晨鹄（h＊）②，见（xi4n）则有大兵；鼓亦化为鵕（j）n）鸟，其状如鸱（ch9），赤足而直喙（hu＠），黄文而白首，其音如鹄③，见（xi4n）则其邑（y＠）大旱④。 【注释】①鹗：也叫鱼鹰，头顶和颈后羽毛白色，有暗褐色纵纹，头后羽毛延长成矛状。趾具锐爪，趾底遍生细齿，外趾能前后转动，适于捕鱼。②晨鹄：鹗鹰之类的鸟。③鹄：也叫鸿鹄，即天鹅，脖颈很长，羽毛白色，鸣叫的声音宏亮。④邑：这里泛指有人聚居的地方。 【译文】再往西北四百二十里，是座钟山。钟山山神的儿子叫做鼓，鼓的形貌是人的脸面而龙的身子，他曾和钦■神联手在昆仑山南面杀死天神葆江，天帝因此将鼓与钦■诛杀在钟山东面一个叫■崖的地方。钦■化为一只大鹗，形状像普通的雕鹰却长有黑色的斑纹和白色的脑袋，红色的嘴巴和老虎一样的爪子，发出的声音如同晨鹄鸣叫，一出现就有大的战争；鼓也化为鵕鸟，形状像一般的鹞鹰，但长着红色的脚和直直的嘴，身上是黄色的斑纹而头却是白色的，发出的声音与鸿鹄的鸣叫很相似，在哪个地方出现那里就会有旱灾。 又西百八十里，曰泰器之山。观水出焉，西流注于流沙。是多文鳐（y2o） 鱼，状如鲤鱼，鱼身而鸟翼，苍文而白首赤喙（hu＠），常行西海，游于东海，以夜飞。其音如鸾鸡①，其味酸甘，食之已狂，见（xi4n）则天下大穰（r2ng）②。 【注释】①鸾鸡：传说中的一种鸟。②穰：庄稼丰熟。 【译文】再往西一百八十里，是座泰器山，观水从这里发源，向西流入流沙。这观水中有很多文鳐鱼，形状像普通的鲤鱼，长着鱼一样的身子和鸟一样的翅膀，浑身是苍色的斑纹却是白脑袋和红嘴巴，常常在西海行走，在东海畅游，在夜间飞行。它发出的声音如同鸾鸡鸟啼叫，而肉味是酸中带甜， 人吃了它的肉就可治好癫狂病，一出现而天下就会五谷丰登。 又西三百二十里，曰槐江之山。丘时之水出焉，而北流注于泑（y＃u） 水。其中多蠃（l￥u）母，其上多青、雄黄，多藏琅（l2ng）馯（g1n）、黄金、玉①，其阳多丹粟，其阴多采黄金银。实惟帝之平圃，神英招（sh2o） 司之，其状马身而人面，虎文而鸟翼，徇于四海，其音如（榴）［■］（ch＃u） ②。南望昆仑，其光熊熊，其气魂魂。西望大泽③，后稷所潜也④。其中多玉，其阴多榣木之有若⑤。北望诸■（p0），槐鬼离仑居之，鹰鸇（zh1n） 之所宅也⑥。东望（恒）［桓］山四成，有穷鬼居之，各在一（搏）［抟］（tu2n） ⑦。爰有淫水⑧，其清洛洛⑨。有天神焉，其状如牛，而八足二首马尾，其音如勃皇，见（xi4n）则其邑有兵。 【注释】①琅玕：像玉一样的石头。②■：同“抽”。引出，提取。③大泽：后稷所葬的地方。传说后稷出生以后，就很灵慧而且先知，到他死时，便化形而遁于大泽成为神。④后稷：周人的先祖。相传他在虞舜时任农官，善于种庄稼。⑤■木：特别高大的树木。若：即若木，神话传说中的树，具有奇异而神灵的特性。⑥鸇：鹞鹰一类的鸟。⑦抟：把散碎的东西捏聚成团。⑧淫水：洪水。 这里指水从山上流下时广阔而四溢的样子。⑨洛洛：形容水流声。 【译文】再往西三百二十里，是座槐江山。丘时水从这座山发源，然后向北流入泑水。水中有很多■螺，山上蕴藏着丰富的石青、雄黄，还有很多的琅玕、黄金、玉石，山南面到处是粟粒大小的丹沙，而山北阴面多产带符彩的黄金白银。这槐江山确实可以说是天帝悬在半空的园圃，由天神英招主管着，而天神英招的形状是马的身子而人的面孔，身上长有老虎的斑纹和禽鸟的翅膀，巡行四海而传布天帝的旨命，发出的声音如同用辘轳抽水。在山上向南可以望见昆仑山，那里火光熊熊，气势恢宏。向西可以望见大泽，那里是后稷死后埋葬之地。大泽中有很多玉石，大泽的南面有许多榣木，而在它上面又有若木。向北可以望见诸■山，是叫做槐鬼离仑的神仙所居住的地方，也是鹰鸇等飞禽的栖息地。向东可以望见那四重高的桓山，有穷鬼居住在那里，各自分类聚集于一起。这里有大水下泻，清清冷冷而汩汩流淌。有个天神住在山中，他的形状像普通的牛，但却长着八只脚、两个脑袋并拖着一条马的尾巴，啼叫声如同人在吹奏乐器时薄膜发出的声音，在哪个地方出现那里就有战争。 西南四百里，曰昆仑之丘①，是实惟帝之下都，神陆吾司之。其神状虎身而九尾，人面而虎爪；是神也，司天之九部及帝之囿（y＾u）时②。有兽焉，其状如羊而四角，名曰土蝼，是食人。有鸟焉，其状如蜂，大如鸳鸯， 名曰钦原，蠚（ru￥）鸟兽则死③，蠚木则枯。有鸟焉，其名曰鹑鸟④，是司帝之百服。有木焉，其状如棠，黄华赤实，其味如李而无核，名曰沙棠， 可以御水，食之使人不溺。有草焉，名曰■（p0n）草，其状如葵，其味如葱，食之已劳。河水出焉，而南流东注于无达。赤水出焉，而东南流注于汜（f4n）天之水。洋水出焉，而西南流注于丑涂之水。黑水出焉，而西流于大汜（y＊）。是多怪鸟兽。 【注释】①昆仑之丘：即昆仑山，神话传说中天帝居住的地方。②九部：据古人解释是九域的部界。囿：古代帝王畜养禽兽的园林。③蠚：毒虫类咬刺。④鹑鸟：传说中的凤凰之类的鸟，和上文所说的鹑鸟即鹌鹑不同。 【译文】往西南四百里，是座昆仑山，这里确实是天帝在下界的都邑， 天神陆吾主管它。这位天神的形貌是老虎的身子却有九条尾巴，一副人的面孔可长着老虎的爪子；这个神，主管天上的九部和天帝苑圃的时节。山中有一种野兽，形状像普通的羊却长着四只角，名称是土蝼，是能吃人的。山中有一种禽鸟，形状像一般的蜜蜂，大小与鸳鸯差不多，名称是钦原，这种钦原鸟刺螫其它鸟兽就会使它们死去，刺螫树木就会使树木枯死。山中还有另一种禽鸟，名称是鹑鸟，它主管天帝日常生活中各种器用服饰。山中又有一种树木，形状像普通的棠梨树，却开着黄色的花朵并结出红色的果实，味道像李子却没有核，名称是沙棠，可以用来辟水，人吃了它就能漂浮不沉。山中还有一种草，名称是■草，形状很像葵菜，但味道与葱相似，吃了它就能使人解除烦恼忧愁。黄河水从这座山发源，然后向南流而东转注入无达山。 赤水也发源于这座山，然后向东南流入汜天水。洋水也发源于这座山，然后向西南流入丑涂水。黑水也发源于这座山，然后向西流到大杆山。这座山中有许多奇怪的鸟兽。 又西三百七十里，曰乐游之山。桃水出焉，西流注于稷泽，是多白玉， 其中多■（hu2）鱼，其状如蛇而四足，是食鱼。 【译文】再往西三百七十里，是坐乐游山。桃水从这座山发源，向西流入稷泽，这里到处有白色玉石，水中还有很多■鱼，形状像普通的蛇却长着四只脚，是能吃鱼类的。 西水行四百里，曰流沙，二百里至于蠃（lu￥）母之山，神长乘司之， 是天之九德也。其神状如人而犳（gu＃）尾①。其上多玉，其下多青石而无水。 【注释】①犳：一种类似于豹子的野兽。 【译文】往西行四百里水路，就是流沙，再行二百里便到蠃母山，天神长乘主管这里，他是天的九德之气所生。这个天神的形貌像人却长着犳的尾巴。山上到处是玉石，山下到处是青石而没有水。 又西三百五十里，曰玉山①，是西王母所居也。西王母其状如人，豹尾虎齿而善啸（xi4o）②，蓬发戴胜③，是司天之厉及五残。有兽焉，其状如犬而豹文，其角如牛，其名曰狡，其音如吠（f6i）犬，见（xi4n）则其国大穰（r2ng）。有鸟焉，其状如翟（d＠）而赤，名曰胜（x＠ng）遇，是食鱼， 其音如（录）［鹿］，见（xi4n）则其国大水。 【注释】①玉山：据古人讲，这座山遍布着玉石，所以叫做玉山。②啸：兽类长声吼叫。③ 胜：指玉胜，古时用玉制做的一种首饰。 【译文】再往西三百五十里，是座玉山，这是西王母居住的地方。西王母的形貌与人一样，却长着豹子一样的尾巴和老虎一样的牙齿而且喜好啸叫，蓬松的头发上戴着玉胜，是主管上天灾厉和五刑残杀之气的。山中有一种野兽，形状像普通的狗却长着豹子的斑纹，头上的角与牛角相似，名称是狡，发出的声音如同狗叫，在哪个国家出现就会使那个国家五谷丰登。山中还有一种禽鸟，形状像野鸡却通身是红色，名称是胜遇，是能吃鱼类的，发出的声音如同鹿在鸣叫，在哪个国家出现就会使那个国家发生水灾。 又西四百八十里，曰轩辕之丘①，无草木。洵水出焉，南流注于黑水， 其中多丹粟，多青、雄黄。 【注释】①轩辕之丘：即轩辕丘，传说上古帝王黄帝居住在这里，娶西陵氏女为妻，因此也号称轩辕氏。 【译文】再往西四百八十里，是座轩辕丘，这里没有花草树木。洵水从轩辕丘发源，向南流入黑水，水中有很多粟粒大小的丹沙，还有很多石青、 雄黄。 又西三百里，曰积石之山，其下有石门，河水冒以西［南］流。是山也， 万物无不有焉。 【译文】再往西三百里，是座积石山，山下有一个石门，黄河水漫过石门向西南流去。这座积石山，是万物俱全的。 又西二百里，曰长留之山，其神白帝少昊（h4o）居之①。其兽皆文尾， 其鸟皆文首。是多文玉石。实惟员神磈（w7i）氏之宫②。是神也③，主司反景（y！ng）④。 【注释】①白帝少昊：即少昊金天氏，传说中上古帝王帝挚的称号。②磈氏：即白帝少昊。 ③神：指少昊。④景：通“影”。 【译文】再往西二百里，是座长留山，天神白帝少昊居住在这里。山中的野兽都是花尾巴，而禽鸟都是花脑袋。山上盛产彩色花纹的玉石。它实是员神磈氏的宫殿。这个神，主要掌管太阳落下西山时光线射向东方的反影。 又西二百八十里，曰章莪（6）之山，无草木，多瑶、碧。所为甚怪。 有兽焉，其状如赤豹，五尾一角，其音如击石，其名（如）［曰］狰（zh5ng）。 有鸟焉，其状如鹤，一足，赤文青质而白喙（hu＠），名曰毕方①，其鸣自叫也，见（xi4n）则其邑有讹（6）火②。 【注释】①毕方：传说是树木的精灵，形貌与鸟相似，青色羽毛，只长着一只脚，不吃五谷。 又传说是老父神，形状像鸟，两只脚，一只翅膀，常常衔着火到人家里去制造火灾。②讹火：怪火， 像野火那样莫名其妙地烧起来。 【译文】再往西二百八十里，是座章莪山，山上没有花草树木，到处是瑶、碧一类的美玉。山里常常出现十分怪异的物象。山中有一种野兽，形状像赤豹，长着五条尾巴和一只角，发出的声音如同敲击石头的响声，名称是狰。山中还有一种禽鸟，形状像一般的鹤，但只有一只脚，红色的斑纹和青色的身子而有一张白嘴巴，名称是毕方，它鸣叫的声音就是自身名称的读音，在哪个地方出现那里就会发生怪火。 又西三百里，曰阴山。浊浴之水出焉，而南流注于蕃泽，其中多文贝。 有兽焉。其状如狸而白首，名曰天狗，其音如（榴榴）［猫猫］，可以御凶。 【译文】再往西三百里，是座阴山。浊浴水从这座山发源，然后向南流入蕃泽，水中有很多五彩斑斓的贝壳。山中有一种野兽，形状像野猫却是白脑袋，名称是天狗，它发出的叫声与“猫猫”的读音相似，人饲养它可以辟凶邪之气。 又西二百里，曰符惕（y2ng）之山，其上多棕枏（n2n），下多金玉。 神江疑居之。是山也，多怪雨，风云之所出也。 【译文】再往西二百里，是座符惕山，山上到处是棕树和楠木树，山下有丰富的金属矿物和玉石。一个叫江疑的神居住于此。这座符惕山，常常落下怪异之雨，风和云也从这里兴起。 又西二百二十里，曰三危之山，三青鸟居之①。是山也，广员百里。其上有兽焉，其状如牛，白身四角，其豪如披蓑（su＃）②，其名曰■（4o） 秵（y5），是食人。有鸟焉，一首而三身，其状如■（lu＾）③，其名曰鸱（ch9）。 【注释】①三青鸟：神话传说中的鸟，专为西王母取送食物。②豪：豪猪身上的刺。这里指长而刚硬的毛。蓑：遮雨用的草衣。③■：与雕鹰相似的鸟，黑色斑纹，红色脖颈。 【译文】再往西二百二十里，是座三危山，三青鸟栖息在这里。这座三危山，方圆百里。山上有一种野兽，形状像普通的牛，却长着白色的身子和四只角，身上的硬毛又长又密好像披着蓑衣，名称是■秵，是能吃人的。山中还有一种禽鸟，长着一个脑袋却有三个身子，形状与■鸟很相似，名称是鸱。 又西一百九十里，曰騩（gu9）山，其上多玉而无石。神耆（q0）童居之①，其音常如钟磐（q＠ng）②。其下多积蛇。 【注释】①耆童：即老童，传说是上古帝王颛顼的儿子。②磬：古代一种乐器，用美石或玉石雕制而成。悬挂于架上，用硬物敲击它而发出音响，悦耳动听。 【译文】再往西一百九十里，是座騩山，山上遍布美玉而没有石头。天神耆童居住在这里，他发出的声音常常像是敲钟击磬的响声。山下到处是一堆一堆的蛇。 又西三百五十里，曰天山，多金玉，有青、雄黄。英水出焉，而西南流注于汤谷。有神焉，其状如黄囊（n2ng）①，赤如丹火，六足四翼，浑（h）n） 敦无面目②，是识歌舞，实为帝江（h￥ng）也③。 【注释】①囊：袋子，口袋。②浑敦：用“浑沌”，没有具体的形状。③帝江：即帝鸿氏， 据神话传说也就是黄帝。 【译文】再往西三百五十里，是座天山，山上有丰富的金属矿物和玉石， 也出产石青、雄黄。英水从这座山发源，然后向西南流入汤谷。山里住着一个神，形貌像黄色口