Chapter 3 The Classic of Mountains and Seas Volume One Southern Mountain Classic

The head of Nanshan (jing) is called (■) (qu6) [magpie] mountain.Its first name is the mountain of swagger, facing the West Sea, rich in laurel, rich in gold and jade.There is grass Yan, its shape is like a leek (ji () and Qinghua, its name is Zhuyu, and it will not be hungry if you eat it. There is a wood Yan, its shape is like (valley) [grain (g＾u)] and black grain ②, Its four photos of flowers, its name is Mi (谷) [榖], and it is not fascinated to wear it. There is a beast, its shape is like Yu (y) and white ears ③, and it walks with pedestrians, its name is 狌狌 (x9ngx9ng) ④, eat well and walk.The water of Li ■ (j9) flows out, and the west flows into the sea, and there is a lot of fertility in it ⑤, and there is no lump in it (ji3) ⑥.

[Notes] ① Jinyu: This refers to natural metal minerals and jade that have not been refined and polished.The same below. ② Valley: that is, mulberry tree, a deciduous tree, which grows very tall and has strong adaptability.Wood can be used as utensils, etc., and bark can be used as raw material for mulberry paper. ③Yu: A legendary beast, bigger like a macaque, with red eyes and a long tail. ④狌狌: According to legend, it is a beast with a human face, and it is also said to belong to an orangutan, and it can know the past, but not the future. ⑤ Yupei: It is unknown what it is. ⑥ Lump: Traditional Chinese medicine refers to the agglomeration in the abdomen, which is the so-called bloating disease.

【Translation】The first mountain system in the south is called the Queshan Mountain System.The first mountain in the Queshan Mountain System is Zhaoyao Mountain, which stands on the west coast and has many osmanthus trees, as well as rich metal minerals and jade.There is a kind of grass in the mountain, which is shaped like a leek but has blue flowers, and its name is Zhuyu. People will not feel hungry after eating it.There is another kind of tree in the mountain, which is shaped like a mulberry tree but has a black texture, and its brilliance shines in all directions. It is called Migu, and people who wear it will not lose their way.There is also a beast in the mountain, which is shaped like an ape but has a pair of white ears. It can crawl and walk upright like a man.Lishui originates from this mountain, and then flows westward into the sea. There are many things called Yupei in the water, and people who wear it will not suffer from swelling.

Three hundred miles to the east, it is said that the mountain of Tangting is full of wood (y2n) ①, white apes, water jade ②, and gold ③. [Notes] ①棪木: A kind of tree that bears fruit like apples, which can be eaten when the surface is red. ②Shuiyu: It was also called water essence in ancient times, which is now called crystal stone.Because it is as bright as water and as hard as jade, it is so called. ③Gold: This refers to yellow alluvial gold, not refined pure gold. 【Translation】Three hundred miles further to the east is the Tangting Mountain, on which there are dense ash trees and many white apes. It is also rich in crystal stones and rich in gold.

Three hundred and eighty miles to the east, it is called (猨) [that is] the mountain of wings, in which there are many strange beasts, many strange waters, many strange fish, many white jade, many vipers (f)) insects (hu!) ①, many strange snakes, many strange wood, not on it. [Notes] ① Pit worm: A legendary animal, also called anti-nose worm. Its color is like a red and white ribbon texture, and there are needles on its nose. The big one weighs more than 100 catties.The worm (hu!) here is the original character of "虺", not the worm of insects (ch￥ng). 【Translation】Three hundred and eighty miles to the east, there is Mount Yi.There are many strange beasts growing on the mountain, many strange fish growing in the water, white jade abounds, there are many pitworms, many strange snakes, many strange trees, and people are not allowed to go up there.

It is also three hundred and seventy miles east, and it is called the mountain of Yang (ni ()). Its yang is mostly red gold, and its yin is mostly platinum. There is Beast Yan, whose shape is like a horse with a white head, whose writing is like a tiger but with a red tail, and whose sound is like a ballad. Its name is Lushu, and it is suitable for descendants to wear.The strange water flows out, while the east flows into the water of Xianyi.Among them, there are many black tortoises, whose shape is like a turtle and the head of a bird (hu!) Tail④, its name is Xuangui, its sound is like a judgment tree, and it is not deaf when worn, so it can be used as a bottom⑤.

[Note] ① Red gold: It is the gold mentioned above, which refers to the unrefined red yellow alluvial gold. ②Platinum: that is, silver.This refers to unrefined silver ore.The same below. ③ Ballad: Singing without musical instrument accompaniment. ④虺: Poisonous snake. ⑤ is: governance.Here it means to heal, to heal.Bottom: The meaning here is the same as "callus", which is the thick skin on the palm or sole due to long-term friction, commonly known as "callus". 【Translation】Three hundred and seventy miles to the east is Fuyang Mountain.The south of the mountain is rich in gold, and the north of the mountain is rich in silver.There is a wild animal in the mountains, its shape is like a horse but it has a white head, its markings are like that of a tiger, but its tail is red, and its roar is like a man singing. Sun.The strange water originates from this mountain, and then flows eastward into Xianyi water.There are many dark red tortoises in the water, shaped like ordinary tortoises but with bird-like heads and snake-like tails. Not deaf, but also heal calluses on the soles of the feet.

Three hundred miles to the east, [say] Di (d!) Mountains, much water, no vegetation.There is Yuyan, whose shape is like an ox. It lives in a mausoleum, and its tail has wings. Its feathers are under the 魼 (q&)①, and its sound is like that of Liu Niu②. Its name is leech (l). No swelling (zh%ng) disease ④. [Note] ①魼: That is, the homonym of "胠", which refers to the upper part of the armpit. ②Liu Niu: It may be the Li Niu mentioned elsewhere in this book.According to the ancients, the texture of the plow ox resembles the stripes of a tiger. ③Winter death: refers to hibernation, also known as winter sting.Some animals spend the winter in a state of lethargy, as if dead. ④ swelling: a purulent inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.

【Translation】Three hundred miles further to the east, there is Mount Zuoji, with a lot of water flowing in the mountains, but no flowers and trees.There is a fish, shaped like an ox, that lives on hillsides. It has a snake-like tail and wings on its ribs. Its cry is like that of a plowed ox. Its name is leech. Meat can keep people from suffering from carbuncle disease. Four hundred miles to the east, the mountain called Dan (d3n) Yuan (yu2n) has a lot of water and no vegetation, so you can't go up it. There is Beast Yan, whose shape is like a raccoon but has a fur, its name is Lei, and it is a female (p@n) male (m()), and those who eat it will not be jealous.

[Notes] ①Fashion: Long hair that hangs down to the eyebrows. ② Female: The female of birds and beasts.This refers to the female organs.Male: The male of birds and beasts. This refers to the male organs. 【Translation】Four hundred miles to the east, there is a mountain called Danyuan. There are many streams in the mountain, but there are no flowers and trees, so it is impossible to climb it.There is a wild beast in the mountains, whose shape is like a wild cat but has long hair like a human. Its name is genus, and it has both male and female sexual organs. Eating its meat will make people not feel jealous.

And three hundred miles to the east, it is called Mount Ji. Its yang is full of jade, its yin is full of strange trees, and there are beasts. Its shape is like a sheep, with nine tails and four ears. Its eyes are on the back. ＠), admire it without fear.There is Niaoyan, whose shape is like a chicken with three heads, six eyes, six legs, and three wings. 【Translation】Three hundred miles to the east, there is a base mountain. The sunny side of the mountain in the south is rich in jade, and the shady side in the north of the mountain has many strange trees.There is a beast in the mountains, which is shaped like a sheep, with nine tails, four ears, and eyes on the back.There is also a bird in the mountain, which is shaped like a chicken but has three heads, six eyes, six feet, and three wings. Its name is ■■, and eating its meat will make people not feel sleepy. Three hundred miles to the east, it is called the mountain of Qingqiu, which has many jades in its yang and many green malls in its yin. There is Beast Yan, whose shape is like a fox with nine tails, and its sound is like a baby, and it can eat people; the eater is not gu (g()). It is called Guan Guan ④, and it is not confusing to wear it ⑤. The Yingshui flows out, and the south flows into the Zeyi. Among them, there are many red 鱬 (r*) ⑥, whose shape is like a fish and a human face, and its sound is like a mandarin duck ⑦. Eat it Not scabies. [Note] ① Qingbai: A natural paint with a beautiful color. ② Dove: Turtle dove, a bird that looks like a dove. ③呵: Shout loudly. ④Guanguan: A legendary bird whose meat is delicious, especially after being roasted. ⑤ Pei: Here is the meaning of plugging in. ⑥Chicken: Also called salamander, which is now called giant salamander, it has four legs, long tail, and can climb trees. It belongs to amphibians. ⑦Mandarin duck: A kind of bird in which the male and female live together and fly without separation, with colorful feathers. 【Translation】Three hundred miles to the east, there is Qingqiu Mountain. The sunny side of the mountain in the south is rich in jade, and the shady side in the north of the mountain is mostly green malls.There is a beast in the mountain, which looks like a fox but has nine tails. Its roar is similar to that of a baby crying, and it can devour people.There is also a kind of bird in the mountain, which is shaped like a turtledove, and its sound is like people scolding each other. Its name is Guan Guan, and it puts its feathers on the body so that people will not be confused.Yingshui originates from this mountain and flows southward into Yize.There are many red 鱬 in the lake, which are shaped like ordinary fish but have a human face, and make a sound like a mandarin duck and a bird. Eating its meat can prevent people from getting scabies. Three hundred and fifty miles to the east, it is called the mountain of Jiwei. Its tail is in the East China Sea, and it is sandy and rocky.汸 (f1ng) water flows out of Yan, while Nanliu flows into 淯 (y)), which is mostly white jade. [Notes] ①踆: Same as "squat", knees bent as if sitting, buttocks not touching the ground.Here is the meaning of sitting. 【Translation】Three hundred and fifty miles further to the east, there is Mount Jiwei.The Qianlong water originates from this mountain, and then flows southward into the water, which produces a lot of white jade. The head of all (■) [magpie] mountains, from the mountain of Zhaoyao to the mountain of Jiwei, all ten mountains, two thousand nine hundred and fifty miles.Its divine appearance is all about the body of a bird and the head of a dragon.The ceremony of the temple①: Mao uses a piece of jade (y＠)②, rice (x()) uses rice (t*)③, (a biscuit of rice) Baijian (ji1n) as a mat④. [Note] ① Temple: Sacrifice. ② Hair: refers to the hair used in sacrifices, that is, pigs, sheep, dogs, chickens and other domestic livestock and poultry.Zhang: In ancient times, a kind of jade with an oblique and acute angle at the top, which was one of the ritual vessels used in court appointments, sacrifices, and funerals.瘗: to bury. ③糈: Polished rice for worshiping gods.稌: rice.It is also said that it refers specifically to glutinous rice. ④ Jian: A kind of thatch, with linear, slender leaves and tough roots, which can be used as brushes. 【Translation】In total, there are ten mountains at the beginning and end of the Queshan mountain system, starting from Zhaoyao Mountain and ending at Jiwei Mountain, with a distance of 2,950 li.The gods of all mountains are in the shape of a bird's body and a dragon's head.The ceremony of offering sacrifices to the mountain gods is to bury the livestock and poultry in the ground together with Zhang, use rice for the worship of the gods, and use white thatch as the seat of the gods. The head of Nancier (Jing) [Mountain] is Gui (j&) Mountain, facing Liuhuang in the west, looking at Zhu (p0) in the north, and Changyou in the east.Yingshui flows out of Yan, and the southwest flows into Chishui, among which there are many white jade and many Dansu.There is Beast Yan, whose shape is like a dolphin (t*n), with distance ②, and its sound is like a dog barking (f6i), its name is Lili, and seeing (xi4n) means that its county has many local skills ③.There is Niaoyan, whose shape is like an owl (ch9) and has human hands④, and its sound is like Bi (b@)⑤. [Notes] ①Dansu: The small Dansa is the size of grains of millet. ②Tu: the toe-like part protruding from the back of the soles of roosters and pheasants.This refers to chicken feet. ③ See: Same as "now".County: This generally refers to places where people live together. ④ 鸱: That is, the hawk, a ferocious bird that often preys on other small birds. ⑤ Bi: Unknown He Niao. ⑥■: It is said that it is a bird transformed by Emperor Yao's son Danzhu.Emperor Yao ceded the world to Emperor Shun, but Danzhu and the people of the Three Miao Kingdoms joined forces to oppose them, so Emperor Yao sent troops to defeat them. Danzhu felt ashamed, threw himself into the South Sea and drowned and turned into a bird. [Translation] The first mountain in the second mountain system in the south is Guishan Mountain. It is adjacent to the Liuhuangfeng and Liuhuangxin Kingdoms in the west. From the mountain, you can see Zhugong Mountain to the north and Changyou Mountain to the east.Yingshui originates from this mountain and flows southwest into Chishui. There are many white jade in the water, and there are many danshas the size of millet grains. There is a wild beast in the mountain, shaped like a common pig, with a pair of chicken feet, and its barking sound is like a dog barking.There is also a bird in the mountain, which is shaped like a hawk but has claws like human hands. Its singing sound is like that of a paralyzed bird. Its name is ■. The scribes were exiled. Four hundred and fifty miles to the southeast, it is called Changyou Mountain. There is no vegetation and much water.There is Beast Yan, whose shape is like Yu (y) and has four ears. Its name is long and right, and its sound is like Yin. See (xi4n) [it] is a flood in the county. [Translation] Four hundred and fifty miles to the southeast from Guishan Mountain is Changyou Mountain, which has no flowers and trees, but has a lot of water.There is a beast in the mountains, which looks like a monkey but has four ears. Its name is Changyou. Three hundred and forty miles to the east, it is called Yaoguang Mountain. Its yang is rich in jade, and its yin is rich in gold.There is a beast named Yan, whose shape is like a human but a mane (zh@) hyena (li6)②, which lives in caves and hibernates in winter. There is big Yao (y2o) ③. 【Notes】①Gold: This refers to metal minerals in general.The same below. ② Hyena: The hard hair on the body of livestock. ③ Yao: Tong "羭". 【Translation】Three hundred and forty miles further to the east is Yaoguang Mountain. The sunny side of the south side of the mountain is rich in jade, and the yin side of the north side of the mountain is rich in gold.There is a wild animal in the mountains, which looks like a human but has mane like a pig. It hibernates in caves in winter. Its name is cunning. . Three hundred and fifty miles east, it is called Yushan ①, with a lot of water below it, and a lot of rain above it, no vegetation, many vipers (f)) insects (hu!). [Notes] ① Mount Yu: Legend has it that the ancient emperor Zhu Rong was ordered by the Yellow Emperor to kill Dayu’s father Gun on Mount Yu. It is said that Gun was killed by Emperor Shun on Mount Yu, so this mountain is very famous. 【Translation】Three hundred and fifty miles further to the east, there is Mount Yu. There is water flowing everywhere under the mountain, and it often rains on the mountain. There are no flowers, plants and trees, and there are many worms. Three hundred and seventy miles to the east, it is called Qu (q*)'s father's mountain, which has no vegetation, but is rich in gold and jade. 【Translation】Three hundred and seventy miles to the east, there is Qu (q*) Fushan Mountain. There are no flowers, grasses and trees on the mountain, but there are rich metal minerals and jade. Four hundred miles to the east, there is a mountain called Juyu, which has no vegetation, but is rich in gold and jade. 【Translation】Four hundred miles to the east, there is Juyu Mountain. There are no flowers and trees on the mountain, but there are rich metal minerals and jade. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called Fuyu Mountain, looking north at Juqu ① and east looking at Zhuwu (p0).There is a beast, its shape is like a tiger with an ox tail, its sound is like a barking dog, its name is 彘 (zh@), and it is a cannibal.The sweet potato water comes from its yin, and the north stream pours into the Ju district.Among them, there are many squid (z9) fish②. [Notes] ① Juqu: It is the Taihu Lake in Jiangsu today. ② Cuttlefish: ■fish, also known as anchovy and squid. The head grows very long and narrow, and the big one is more than a foot long. 【Translation】Five hundred li to the east, there is Fuyu Mountain. From the mountain, you can see Juquze to the north and Zhushui to the east. There is a wild beast in the mountain, which looks like a tiger but has an ox's tail. It makes a barking sound like a dog barking, and its name is 彘, which can eat people.Shaoshui originates from the northern foot of this mountain and flows northward into Juqu Ze.There are many fishes growing in it. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called Chengshan, with three altars in four directions, with many gold and jade on it, and many green malls (hu＾) below. ■(zhu#) the water comes out, while the Nanliu pours into the 虖(h&) spoon (shu＾), which contains more gold. 【Translation】Five hundred miles to the east, there is a mountain, which is square and looks like a three-story earthen altar. The mountain is rich in metal minerals and jade, and the bottom of the mountain is rich in green malls. ■Water originates from this mountain, and then flows southward into the water of 虖气, which is rich in gold. Five hundred miles to the east, there is a mountain called Hui (gu@) Ji (j@), in all directions, with many gold and jade on it, and many (f&) stones below it.The spoonful of water comes out, while the Nanliu pours into the water (ju6). 【Notes】①砆石: That is, 栆砆, a beautiful jade-like stone. 【Translation】Five hundred miles further to the east, there is Kuaiji Mountain, which is square in shape. There are rich metal minerals and jade on the mountain, and crystal clear stones abound at the foot of the mountain.Spoons of water originate from this mountain, and then flow south into Weishui. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called Yishan, with no grass and trees, but a lot of sand and stones.Fu (ju6) water flows out of Yan, while Nanliu flows into Lietu. 【Translation】Five hundred miles to the east, there is Mount Yi. There are no flowers, plants or trees on the mountain, and there are fine sand and stones everywhere.The Fushui originates from this mountain, and then flows southward into Lietushui. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called Pugou Mountain. There are many gold and jade on it, and there are many grasses and trees below it. There are no birds, no birds, no water. 【Translation】Five hundred miles to the east, there is Pugou Mountain, which is rich in metal minerals and jade, and there are lush flowers and trees at the foot of the mountain, but there are no birds, beasts, or water. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called the mountain of Xianyin, which has no vegetation and no water. 【Translation】Five hundred miles to the east, there is Xianyin Mountain, which has no flowers, plants, trees, or water. Four hundred miles to the east, it is called Xun (x*n) Mountain. Its yang is rich in gold, and its yin is rich in jade.There is a beast, its shape is like a sheep but it has no mouth, it cannot be killed, and its name is hu1n.Xunshui flows out, while Nanliu pours into the lake of Yan (6), among which there are many (pyrene) [茈] (z!) (lu￥)②. [Notes] ①Do not kill: Killing here means death.Impossible to kill means that it cannot die, which means that even if the beast does not eat, it cannot be killed. ② Ci Li: Ci Tong "purple".Win through "snail".The snail is a purple-colored snail. 【Translation】Four hundred miles to the east, there is Mount Xun. The sunny side of the mountain in the south is rich in metal minerals, and the shady side in the north of the mountain is rich in jade.There is a beast in the mountains, which looks like a sheep but has no mouth, and can live without eating. Its name is ■.Xunshui originates from this mountain, and then flows south into Yanze. There are many purple snails in the water. Four hundred miles to the east, it is called the mountain of 虖 (h&) spoon (shu＾), on which there are many catalpas (z!) (n2n) ①, and below it are many thorns (j9ng) Qi (q!) ②.The torrential (p1ng) water flows out, while the east flows into the sea. [Note] ① Catalpa: Catalpa tree, deciduous tree, grows fast.The wood is soft and durable, and is used for construction, furniture, and musical instruments. Phoebe: Phoebe tree, an evergreen tree with thick leaves, small flowers, and small spherical drupes.Wood is rich in fragrance and is the best material for building and making utensils. ② Vitex: Vitex, a deciduous shrub with square branchlets, opposite leaves, and palmately compound leaves.The fruit is called Vitex chrysanthemum, which can be used medicinally.Qi: the concubine wolfberry, a small deciduous shrub with lavender flowers in summer.The fruit is red, called medlar, and has great medicinal value. [Translation] Four hundred miles further to the east, there is a mountain of 虖气, full of catalpa and nanmu trees on the mountain, and many vitex and goji trees growing under the mountain.The tongshui originates from this mountain and then flows eastward into the sea. Five hundred miles to the east, there is Wuzhi Mountain in the district called Wuzhi. There is no grass and trees, but there are many sand and stones.The deer water flows out, while the Nanliu flows into the torrential water. 【Translation】Five hundred miles to the east, there is Mount Wu in the district. There are no flowers, plants or trees on the mountain, and there are sand and stones everywhere.The deer water originates from this mountain, and then flows southward into the Pengshui. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called Luwu Mountain. There is no vegetation on it, but there are many gold and stones.The water of Zegeng flows out, while Nanliu pours into the torrential water.There are beasts in the water, named Gu (g () eagle, its shape is like a vulture with horns, its sound is like that of a baby, it is a cannibal. 【Translation】Five hundred miles to the east, there is Luwu Mountain. There are no flowers and trees on the mountain, but there are rich metal minerals and jade.Zegengshui originates from this mountain, and then flows southward into Pengshui.There is a kind of beast in the water, its name is Gu Diao, its shape is like an ordinary vulture eagle but with horns on its head, its sound is like a baby crying, and it can eat people. Five hundred miles to the east, there is a mountain called Qiwu, with no vegetation, many boulders, and no jade.Located in the East China Sea, Wangqiu Mountain, its light carries out and enters, only every day. 【Translation】Five hundred miles to the east, there is Qiwu Mountain. There are no flowers, plants or trees in the mountain. It produces more bo stones that can be used as chess pieces, but no jade.This mountain is located on the coast of the East China Sea. From the mountain, you can see a piece of hills in the distance. There are lights and shadows that flicker, which is where the sun rests. The head of Nanci Er (Jing) [Mountain], from the cabinet (j&) mountain to the Qiwu mountain, all seventeen mountains, seven thousand two hundred miles.Its divine form has the body of a dragon and the head of a bird.Its ancestral hall: Mao uses a biscuit (y@) ①, and rice (x()) uses a biscuit (t*). [Notes] ① Bi: A kind of jade in ancient times, flat and round, with a hole in the middle. It was one of the ritual vessels used in ancient court appointments, sacrifices, and funerals. 【Translation】In total, there are 17 mountains at the beginning and end of the second mountain series in the south, from Guishan Mountain to Qiwu Mountain, covering a distance of 7,200 li.The gods of all mountains are shaped like the body of a dragon and the head of a bird.Sacrificing to the mountain gods: The livestock and poultry are buried in the ground together with jade, and rice is used for worshiping the gods. The first of the three (classics) [mountains] in the South is called Tianyu Mountain, and there is a lot of water below it, so you can't go up. 【Translation】The first mountain in the third series of mountains in the south is Tianyu Mountain. The bottom of the mountain is full of water, and people cannot go up. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called the Mountain of Prayer, with many gold and jade on it, and many rhinoceros (x9), 兕 (s@)①, and elephants below it.There is Niaoyan, whose shape is like (ji1o) with a white head, three legs, and a human face. Its name is Qu (q*) Ru, and its song is called its own name.泿 (y! n) water flows out, while Nanliu flows into the sea.Among them is the tiger jiao ③, which has a fish-like body and a snake tail, and its (sound) [head] is like a mandarin duck. It does not swell when eaten, and it can be hemorrhoids (zh@) ④. 【Notes】①Rhinoceros: According to the ancients, the rhinoceros has a body like a buffalo, a head like a pig's head, hooves like an elephant's hooves, black fur, and three horns, one on the top of the head, one on the forehead, and one on the forehead. on the nose.It loves to eat thorns by nature, and often pricks its mouth and spits blood at the mouth.Si: According to the ancients, Si's body is also like a buffalo, with blue fur and one horn. The body is very heavy, the big one weighs three thousand catties. ② Same: A legendary bird that looks like a wild duck but is smaller, with feet near the tail. ③Hujiao: A type of dragon in the legend. ④ Already: stop.Here it means to stop, to restrain. 【Translation】Five hundred miles east from Tianyu Mountain, there is a prayer mountain. The mountain is rich in metal minerals and jade, and there are rhinoceros, scorpions, and elephants everywhere at the foot of the mountain.There is a kind of bird in the mountain, its shape is similar but it has a white head, three legs, and a human face. Its name is Quru, and its singing sound is the pronunciation of its own name.The water originates from this mountain and then flows south into the sea.There is a tiger jiao in the water, whose body is like an ordinary fish but with a snake's tail, and its head is like that of a mandarin duck. Eating its meat can prevent people from getting carbuncle and cure hemorrhoids. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called the mountain of Danxue, and there are many gold and jade on it.The Danshui flows out, while the Nanliu flows into the Bohai Sea. There is Niaoyan, whose shape is like a chicken, with five colors and writing, named Fenghuang①, the first writing is called virtue, the wing writing is righteous, the back writing is ritual, the Ying (y9ng) writing is benevolence, and the belly writing is letter.It is also a bird, eats naturally, sings and dances by itself, sees (xi4n) and the world is peaceful. [Notes] ①Fenghuang: Same as "Phoenix", it is the king of birds in ancient legends.The male is called "Feng" and the female is called "Huang".According to the ancients, its shape is the head of a chicken, the neck of a snake, the jaw of a swallow, the back of a turtle, and the tail of a fish. It is colorful and about six feet high. ② Ying: chest. 【Translation】Five hundred miles to the east, there is Danxue Mountain, which is rich in metal minerals and jade.Danshui originates from this mountain and then flows south into the Bohai Sea.There is a bird in the mountains, shaped like an ordinary chicken, with colorful feathers all over its body. Its name is Phoenix. The pattern on the chest is in the shape of the character "Ren", and the pattern on the abdomen is in the shape of the character "Xin".This bird called Phoenix eats and drinks naturally and calmly. It often sings and dances by itself, and the world will be peaceful when it appears. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called Fashuang Mountain. There is no vegetation, much water, and many white apes.Pan (f4n) water flows out, while Nanliu flows into the Bohai Sea. 【Translation】Five hundred miles further to the east, there is Fashuang Mountain, which has no flowers, grass or trees, and flows everywhere. There are many white apes.The flood water originates from this mountain and then flows south into the Bohai Sea. Another four hundred miles to the east, as far as the end of the Yan (m2o) mountain.There is a valley in the south, called Yuyi, with many strange birds, and the Kai (k3i) wind comes out naturally. 【Notes】①Kaifeng: South wind, which means soft wind. 【Translation】Four hundred li to the east, you will arrive at the end of Mount Yan.To the south of here is a canyon called Yuyi, where many strange birds grow, and the south wind blows from here. Four hundred miles to the east, as far as the head of Feishan.There are many gold and jade on it, but there is no water, and there are many vipers (f)) and insects (hu!) under it. 【Translation】Four hundred li to the east, you will reach the top of Feishan Mountain.The mountain is rich in metal minerals and jade, but there is no water, and the bottom of the mountain is full of vipers. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called the mountain of Yangjia, with no vegetation and a lot of water. 【Translation】Five hundred miles to the east, there is Yangjia Mountain, with no flowers, plants or trees, and flowing water everywhere. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called Guanxiang Mountain. There are many trees on it, but no grass; there are many strange birds, but no beasts. 【Translation】Five hundred miles to the east, there is Guanxiang Mountain. There are trees everywhere on the mountain, but there are no flowers and plants. There are many strange birds in the mountain, but there are no wild animals. Five hundred miles to the east, it is called Jishan Mountain.The black water flows into the mountains, while the Nanliu flows into the sea.Among them are ■ (tu2n) fish, whose shape is like a fish (f)) and 彘 (zh@) hair ①, whose sound is like a dolphin (t*n) ②, seeing (xi4n) means a severe drought in the world. [Notes] ① Carp: This is today's crucian carp, with flat sides, slightly taller, blue-brown back and silver-gray ventrally.Pig: Pig. ② Dolphin: piglet. Also generally refers to pigs. 【Translation】Five hundred miles further to the east is Jishan Mountain. There are rich metal minerals on the mountain, and Danjiao is abundant at the foot of the mountain.The black water originates from this mountain and then flows south into the sea.There is a kind of fish in the water, which is shaped like a crucian carp but has pig hairs, and makes a sound like a piglet. When it appears, there will be a severe drought in the world. Four hundred miles to the east, there is a mountain called Lingqiu, which has no vegetation and is full of fire.To the south there is Guyan, which is called Zhonggu, and the wind comes out naturally.There is Niaoyan, whose shape is like an owl② (xi1o), with a human face, four eyes and ears. Its name is 颙 (y*), and its song is its own name. Seeing (xi4n) means a severe drought in the world. [Notes] ①Tiaofeng: Also called Tiaofeng and Rongfeng, that is, the northeast wind in spring. ②Owl: similar to “owl”, commonly known as an owl, with a hook-shaped beak and sharp claws, two eyes in front of the head, the feathers around the eyes are radial, and most of the feathers around the body are brown, scattered with fine spots, and dense Rather fluffy, it flies silently and is active at night. 【Translation】Four hundred miles to the east, there is Lingqiu Mountain, which has no flowers, grass or trees, and is full of wildfires.On the south side of the mountain there is a canyon called Zhonggu, from which the northeast wind blows.There is a bird in the mountain, shaped like an owl, but with a human face, four eyes and ears. Its name is 颙, and its cry is the pronunciation of its own name. When it appears, there will be a severe drought in the world. Three hundred and seventy miles to the east, it is said that the mountain of Lun has many gold and jade on it, and many (historical) green malls (hu＾) below it. There is wood Yan, its shape is like (grain) [grain] (g＾u) and red, its (sweat) [juice] is like lacquer, its taste is like yee (y0)①, the eater is not hungry, and can relieve fatigue② , its name is Bai ■ (g1o), which can be blood jade ③. [Notes] ① Yee: Syrup made from malt. ② labor: worry. ③Blood: It is used as a verb here, meaning to dye, which is to dye utensils and ornaments to make them shine. 【Translation】Three hundred and seventy miles further to the east is Zuo Lunzhe Mountain, which is rich in metal minerals and jade, and green malls abound at the foot of the mountain.There is a kind of tree in the mountains, its shape is like a common mulberry tree, but its texture is red. The sap from its branches is like lacquer, and its taste is sweet. People who eat it will not feel hungry and can relieve sorrow. Use it to dye jade bright red. Five hundred and eighty miles to the east, there are many monsters and snakes on the mountain called Yugao. 【Translation】Five hundred and eighty li to the east is Yugao Mountain. There are many strange beasts and big snakes in the mountain. Five hundred and eighty miles to the east, it is said that the mountain of Nanyu has a lot of gold and jade on it, and a lot of water below it.There is a hole, water (out) [Spring] Noir (zh6) enters ①, comes out in summer, and closes in winter.Zuoshui flows out of Yan, and the southeast flows into the sea. There are Fenghuang, Yu (yu4n) and young (ch*)②. [Note] ① Noir: That is, just. ② Chick: A legendary bird, the same type as Phoenix and Luanfeng. 【Translation】Five hundred and eighty miles to the east, there is Nanyu Mountain, which is rich in metal minerals and jade, and there is water flowing everywhere below the mountain.There is a cave in the mountain. Water flows into the cave in spring, flows out of the cave in summer, and is closed in winter.Zuo water originates from this mountain, and then flows southeast into the sea, where phoenixes and pheasants live. The first of the three (jing) [mountains] in Nanci, from the Tianyu Mountain to the Nanyu Mountain, there are 14 mountains, six thousand five hundred and thirty miles.The gods all have the body of a dragon and a human face.All the ancestral halls have a white dog praying (q0) ①, and 糈 (x () with 稌 (t*). [Notes] ① Pray: Pray to God. 【Translation】In total, there are 14 mountains at the beginning and end of the third mountain series in the south, from Tianyu Mountain to Nanyu Mountain, covering a distance of 6,530 li.All the mountain gods have the body of a dragon and the face of a man.A white dog is used as an offering to pray to the mountain gods, and rice is used to worship the gods. The mountain annals of the Right South Classic, there are forty mountains large and small, with a distance of six thousand three hundred and eighty miles. 【Note】①According to the research of scholars, these sentences are not the original text, but inscribed by the person who collated and compiled the book. Because the original version is original, it is still preserved and translated today.The following are the same. 【Translation】The above is the record of the mountains experienced in the south. There are a total of forty large and small mountains, 16,380 miles.