Chapter 71 Lu Xun II

Lu Xun read a lot of ancient books.He was enlightened in ancient books. His family education is quite unique, which was set by his grandfather who was an official in Beijing: "Beginners first recite Bai Juyi's poems, whichever is clear and easy to understand, light and lasting. Then recite Lu You's poems, with high aspirations and strong poems, and more and more. Things. Recite Su Shi’s poems again, the writing is vigorous, and the words are expressive. Recite Li Bai’s poems again, and the thoughts are clear and easy. Just like Du Fu’s difficulty and Han Yu’s strangeness, you can’t learn it, and you don’t need to learn it.”

This cultural pedigree is very clear. Family learning is very interesting, and it has been continued since Tang and Song Dynasties.Any family or family with a little foundation will generally advocate learning.It's a pity that in the so-called contemporary context, the term family studies has been dusty for a long time.Mansions usually have nothing to do with books. There is no indication that Lu Xun disliked the family discipline set by his grandfather.What's interesting is that he didn't mention this family education either.The quotation above is an inscription written by his grandfather on the back of a collection of books called "Tang and Song Poetry Alcohol".

The teacher of Sanwei Bookstore, Shou Jingwu, is knowledgeable, upright and strict.The fees are also high, at two yuan per session, the highest in Shaoxing City. , a bit of a joke about the teacher, but not enough to be ironic.Rather, it is full of warm memories and witnessed a beautiful childhood. Lu Xun had studied the "Four Books" and "Five Classics" and learned them solidly. He looked at the new culture from the background of old learning. When Lu Xun was thirteen years old, his grandfather committed an imperial examination case in Beijing and was imprisoned.The Zhou family in Shaoxing panicked.Afraid of being implicated, the whole family fled to the countryside for a time.The adults lowered their voices and talked about "copying and chopping all over the house", and the listeners couldn't help shrinking their heads.Little Lu Xun has a good ear, imagining the situation of killing people all over the house.

After hiding in the countryside for more than half a year, he returned to Shaoxing City.Continue your studies at Sanwei Bookstore. The catastrophe of copying and beheading all over the family was avoided, but bad luck came to Zhou's family from then on.My grandfather was imprisoned in Beijing, and my hometown in Shaoxing kept sending money to me, so as to prevent the old man from being killed in the fall.And the prison is a bottomless pit, which saves a life and consumes a lot of family property. Lu Xun's father was sick in bed. This father also has a strong temperament; he likes to discuss current affairs and can be called an amateur critic.

Grandfather fell down, father fell ill, and Lu Xun's family in Shaoxing became more and more bleak. The thin and small boy, going back and forth between the tall pawnshop and the noisy drugstore, encountered all kinds of supercilious glances. The family is in decline, and the world is cold.The sunny boy meets the dark. The studies at Sanwei Bookstore were interrupted.The thin and tall Mr. Shou Jingwu no longer turned his head, relishing the ancient prose. Pawn shop, pharmacy, father's bed... The Chinese medicine practitioner who was invited was very surprised that the original cricket was actually used for the medicine primer.Expensive consultation fees and medicines were spent, but my father's illness did not improve.Lu Xun experienced Chinese medicine through the faces of quack doctors one after another.Later, he ridiculed and hated Chinese medicine, and went to Japan to study Western medicine in order to treat patients like his father.

The father who suffered from edema finally died at the hands of quack doctors. The family situation went from bad to worse. Lu Xun is the boss, and his feelings are much stronger than those of his two younger brothers.Later, he wrote a pen and wrote an article, frequently looking back on the past, "picking flowers in the morning and picking them up in the evening", amazed by the huge gap in his early life.There are many things hidden in this gap.Lu Xun's looking back is not a simple recall of the past in the usual sense to satisfy psychological needs.Looking back, I keep turning around, looking at and approaching my own survival trajectory.

Looking back is difficult for individuals, and even more so for groups. Lu Xun's painful and long spiritual exploration began when he was young.The cessation of happiness leads to reflection, similar to Cao Xueqin; and reflection induces more reflection.The gap in life affects the dimension of survival.Thinking Lu Xun originated from a young age.This is obvious.But the context is not yet clear.On the spiritual road, twists and turns and darkness are the norm.The twists and turns and darkness block the exploration of most people. "The road is long and long, and I will search up and down."

Only for those who are seeking hard, there is a long way to go. Lu Xun thought deeply about the "road".There is no way in the world, if there are many people walking, it will become a way. ——Even if this famous saying was said casually by Lu Xun, there was a difficult foreshadowing first.He repeatedly mentions that "seeing a fork in the road and crying back", it can be seen that in his heart, there is always a fork in the road. The road of the individual, the road of the group, the road of the nation... Lu Xun grew up in Shaoxing until he was eighteen years old. He set off for Nanjing and embarked on the road of livelihood.

Lu Xun stayed in Nanjing for four years, advanced to the Naval Academy, and then transferred to the Mining Road Academy.Children from rich families look down on such government-funded practical schools.Lu Xun was poor, and when he left home, his mother only gave him eight silver dollars.The winter in Nanjing was cold, and Lu Xun's clothes and trousers were thin, and he ate chili to keep out the cold, which formed a habit, hurt his stomach, and laid the root of his disease. While eating chili, he read Yan Fu's translation of "Tianyanlun"; this book is a popular reading of Darwin's theory of evolution written by the British.Lu Xun understood the truth of the theory of evolution, but the function of the stomach was damaged by repeated strong stimulation.The theory of evolution emphasizes natural selection and survival of the fittest, which shocked the Chinese society at that time.The Qing Dynasty did not lack economic strength, but it failed to convert financial resources into military strength. It lost both naval and land battles, and repeated tragedies in modern history.

Lu Xun practiced hard to climb the mast in the Naval Academy, but he had no ambition to be a sailor; he went to the mine for twenty feet and became familiar with the miners' underground operations, but he didn't want to be a technician or a prospector.He doesn't think about sea or underground.He just buried his head in his studies and took every subject seriously.He will always remember the look in his mother's eyes when she sent him on the road, and the heavy and light eight yuan. A few years later, Lu Xun was able to make a lot of money, and he half-joked to his friends: Eight yuan is a good deal, and it has doubled many times...

Lu Xun had lofty aspirations and enjoyed a huge social reputation during his lifetime, but he did not shy away from talking about making money, and did not whitewash his motivation for studying in his early years.Lack of money, so want to make money, this is only right and proper.However, not all scholars have a straightforward concept of money.In life and on the stage, many scholars are ashamed to talk about money, as if they have kept the teachings of the saints in mind.In fact, Confucius himself was not like this. The sage never tires of food, wears gorgeous clothes, is particular about going out, and is thinking about the dried bacon of his students.The literati of the past dynasties, like Sima Qian, Ji Kang, Tao Qian, Du Fu, and Li Bai, could face money directly, no different from ordinary working people, or more directly than the general public.The Chinese people, even if they are high mountains and rivers and remote villages, have always been permeated with the ideology of feudal rulers.The stage is very contagious.There are many folk examples of not talking about profit, but talking about money ashamedly, and some customs have been integrated into it. The long-lasting cover formed by this phenomenon has been revealed today. Once the millennium pressure is released, people will be deformed and money will be obtained by any means. Scholars in ancient times could not think about money, because if they thought about money, they would not be able to read the books of sages and sages, and it would be impossible to get a title on the gold list.For Yan Ruyu and the Golden House, he had to endure ten years of hard work.In other words, we must forget about money and try our best to figure out the doctrine of sages.This psychological model, which has been dominated by the collective subconscious for thousands of years, has its own rationality and its reason for existence.Chic literati and poor scholars are its variants.The latter sometimes showed a trend of crazy growth on a large scale, such as the Qing Dynasty when stereotyped essays were prevalent. When civilization tends to solidify, people of insight will rise up to loosen the solidified civilization and revitalize it.This is probably the so-called historical tension. A strong individual can break through this or that mental model.Such as Lu Xun. The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the Qing Dynasty, but it could not dismantle the deep structure of national psychology.Restoration farce is almost destined to be staged.History has inertia.Individuals in the course of history may be able to gain insight into this inertia. The premise here is: to have the ability to become an individual. Twenty-year-old Lu Xun ate hot chili peppers in Nanjing, watching "Tianyanlun", his stomach fire burned with his blood.The two foreign-style schools have the same peculiar curriculum: "Sound, light, electricity, and electricity in the morning, and poetry and cloud in the afternoon." Lu Xun was very dissatisfied with this and wanted to seek a different life.Individuals are quietly being conceived.Looking at it today, such a curriculum may not be absurd.After more than a century, some things slowly emerged, and we realized that Lu Xun did not know that he was becoming a Lu Xun who integrated Chinese and Western cultures and arts. Although Lu Xun was very dissatisfied with the curriculum arrangement of sound, light, chemistry, electricity, and Ziyue Shiyun, he still survived until graduation, got good grades, and went to Japan as a government-funded student to study abroad. This is 1902, less than ten years before the Revolution of 1911. The direction of the tide of studying abroad in China is Japan.Southern cities are especially fashionable.In Shaoxing alone, dozens of international students went abroad during the same period. Lu Xun went to Tokyo, learned Japanese, and talked about love. Lu Xun was the first boy in the class to cut his braids. I don't know if it has something to do with love.In the extant photos, we don't see him with braids.And other boys studying abroad are very troubled by the black braids that can reach the hips. Every day, they have to coil the python-like braids on the top of their heads, and then cover them with Japanese-style student caps. They look like monsters, like a towering Mount Fuji. .Some students are hesitant and troubled by the Lao Shizi handed down from their ancestors, and dare not go to the street. They envy Zhou Shurenjun's flat hair, but they don't have the courage to imitate it. Lu Xun's unconventional ideas have already been seen in his youth: he took the lead in cutting braids and taking the lead in free love. It is not clear who the object of love is.Maybe a Japanese girl. Love is fruitless. Lu Xun left a small poem "Self-inscribed Portrait": "There is no way to escape from the Lingtai, and the storm is like a rock to darken the hometown. I wish that the cold stars will not notice, and I will recommend Xuanyuan with my blood." Tsuen pointed at her, and wrote "Li Sao": Tsuen didn't notice Yu's heartfelt love.God's arrow points to the god's arrow of love, which is derived from ancient Greek mythology.These Qijue were given to Xu Shoushang.Li Jiye wrote that it is a love poem.Mr. Li Jiye is one of Lu Xun's closest friends, and his words are credible.However, the specific situation of Lu Xun's love is difficult to guess based on this short poem. "I recommend Xuanyuan with my blood" is an expression of patriotism, but it is also related to the fruitlessness of love: Tsuen doesn't know, she can't understand his noble sentiments.Couples should have a common language, and if they can't speak together, it seems that they can't live together.This is a human characteristic.However, behind Lu Xun's high-spirited figure, there is some kind of unspeakable sadness. The commentators' interpretation of high cost is good, but there is no need to write off the bitterness of broken love. Falling in love is falling in love.Like: Thinking about money is thinking about money... It is still impossible to guess whether it was Zhou Shurenjun or the woman who was compared to "Tsuen" who first proposed to break up.It should be pointed out that this is not important.The trivial things about great men are fine for gossiping, but they should not be taken too seriously.If the details of love are not enough to explain Lu Xun, then its loss is irrelevant. When there is a market for trivial things, some people will stick to the trivial things, using excuses to pull great men from the altar, dismantle the greatness of great men into mediocrity, and sell mediocrity for money.If this momentum spreads, the consequences can be imagined.This is far worse than myths of great men, because: myths can still arouse piety and yearning, but mediocrity and vulgarity can lead to hippie smiles and short-lived carnivals in postmodern times—levelling all peaks that mark the spiritual realm of human beings, chopping them into pieces. Fragments, retail or sell whole.If it is sold out, everyone is happy, insects are flying all over the sky, and wild animals are everywhere; even bloody incidents will become jokes in the market and media.At that time, the worldwide "dark gathering of life" will be completed. Therefore, trivial matters are also dangerous trivial matters. The danger is this: if only trivial things can be seen and magnified, then those small eyes that only see trivial things will be infinitely reproduced. With trivial eyes, you can only see trivial things. All kinds of "spoofs" aimed at classic literary and artistic works in China at present are just aimed at the profit margins of spoofs.In order to make money, there are always some people who will not hesitate to kill the culture and bring down our next generation.Did the Russians treat Pushkin Gorky like this?Did the Germans treat Kant Gadamer like this?Did Americans treat Hemingway, Faulkner, and Susan Lang like this?According to CCTV International News, a recent poll shows that almost all Indians believe that their traditional culture is the best culture in the world, and their traditional way of life is the best way of life in the world.This is a warning to us.However, in several large countries in Latin America, there is a clear distinction between "readers" and "audience". The former is expected to become an individual capable of thinking, while the latter tends to slip into an inert group that drifts with the flow. If we lose a large area of ​​traditional culture, it will become impossible to look back at history, and it will be even more impossible to "jump" from the long river of history to the rapids of current life.Life will be broken, value will be empty, and rootless existence will be infinitely cloned.Sameness will prevail and insect flurry will become the norm.