Chapter 42 Chapter Eight Modern and Ancient Tea Poems II-2

Inscribed by Su Dongpo①Ink Old but ② Meishan long hat ③ Weng, the tea smoke is light and windy on the temples. The old troupe of gifted dragons in the kit ④ is here, who will divide the spring and fall into the moon ⑤? [Yu Ji] 1272-1348, named Bosheng, named Daoyuan, also named Zou'an.Yuan Chongren is now a native of Zhejiang.The fifth grandson of Yu Yunwen, Prime Minister of Song Dynasty.A tired official, Hanlin bachelor, and the son of the state offering wine.Yuan Huizong died in 1348 in the eighth year of Zhengzheng, at the age of seventy-seven.His posthumous title is Wenjing.There is "Daoyuan Class Draft".

[Title Explanation] Judging from the allusions of poems chanting scenery, the title: "Dongpo ink traces" seems to refer to Su Shi's "Jianjiang Jiancha" and other authentic poems about tea.The poet seems to have seen the honor and disgrace in Mr. Dongpo's life experience from the "ink marks" of the sages. [Notes] ① Su Dongpo: Omit. ② Lao Que: Yu passed away. ③Long hat: still say long crown.The title was named from the Han Dynasty. "Hou Han Shu Yufu Zhi": "The long crown, one is called the fasting crown, seven inches high and three inches wide, made of lacquer, made like a board, with bamboo as the lining. When the first emperor was small, bamboo skin was used as the base. It is called Liu’s crown. The fasting crown that Su Dongpo usually wears is imitating the style of “long crown” in Han Dynasty. Therefore, Daoyuan called it “long hat man” in his poems.

④The old troupe of dragons: The allusion comes from "Song History Su Shi Biography": "Shi worshiped Longtuge's bachelor and knew Hangzhou. Note: Song Zhezong was appointed in April of the fourth year of Yuanhu, and he took office in July. After Xuanren, he was kind to Shi. When Shi went out of the suburbs, he used the grace of the previous ruling to send his family to give him dragon tea and Yinhe, which was a great comfort." The sentence "kit, dragon group" in the poem should be interpreted as a question.It means, do the silver bag silver bag and dragon group phoenix cake bestowed to Mr. Dongpo by the Song Dynasty still exist today?

⑤Who divides the spring into the moon: It seems to refer to the scene described in Su Shi's "Jianjiang Jiancha" poem "The big ladle stores the moon and returns to the deep urn, and the small spoon divides the river into the night bottle".This poem was written in 1100, the third year of Song Zhezong Yuanfu, when Su Shi was exiled to Danzhou (now Danxian County, Hainan Province). It describes his loneliness in exile. In this poem, Yu Ji deeply expresses the author's condolences for Mr. Dongpo's injustice in his twilight years, from the comparative description of the "long-hat man" who won the Queen's gift of the silver dragon troupe to his exile in Danzhou. Regret and worry.

peony tea Yingzhou ①recalls the past and is more talented than the group, and drinks the clouds and ②sleep eyes open. Lu Yu ③ seems to have heard that the tea set is here, and the exiled immortal ④ returns with an empty wine boat. Luan Shui ⑤ Qiongya ⑥ takes the next spring, and the fairy ⑦ drops the pestle and jade into dust. A cup of solution is like thirsty ⑧ Dianbi Lingyunfu lord ⑨ Yangzhou April spring is like the sea, colored pen once inscribed the first flower ⑩ Yezhi HI Cheng Ming Qing is like water, copper bottle HJ urges fire to test new buds. [Wang Yi] The date of birth and death is unknown.The word Silu.A native of Yunzhong, now Yulin County, Shaanxi Province.Later moved to Zhending, which is now Zhengding County, Hebei Province.In the first year of Yuan Yanyou, he was a Jinshi in 1314.Tasted as Yin of Linhuai County.In the third year of Zhishun (1332), he was the editor of the Academy of National History.There is "Yibin Collection" handed down from generation to generation.

[Note] ①Yingzhou: State name.In 487, the eleventh year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Yingzhou was established and Hejian County was established.Cunzhou was abolished in the Sui Dynasty, and it was still Yingzhou in the Tang Dynasty. It was promoted to Hejianfu in 1108 in the second year of Song Daguan.Its place is in present-day Hejian County, Hebei Province. Reminiscing about the past and comparing with other talents: it seems to refer to the scene of the poet's Jinshi and his first degree. ② Yunyu: refers to cloud tea.Originally called cloud ointment, Taoists thought it was a fairy medicine.

③ Lu Yu: Omit. ④ Immortal: Refers to Li Bai, the great poet of the Tang Dynasty.Because He Zhizhang praised him as "the immortal in the sky", later generations called him "the immortal Li".Empty wine boat back: allusion to Du Fu's "Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking": "Li Baidou's Hundred Poems on Wine, Sleeping in a Restaurant in Chang'an City. The Emperor Hulai can't get on the boat, and claims to be a minister of wine." ⑤ Luan Shui: The name of the river, the ancient water.In the northeast of today's Hebei Province.The Shangyuan Lightning River flows out of Fengning County, passes through the southeast of Inner Mongolia, borders the north of Duolun County, turns to the southeast, and is called Luan River at first.It flows between Laoting and Changli into the Bohai Sea.

⑥ Qiong Ya: The young buds of spring tea are the top-grade tea, so they are called Qiong Ya.Second spring: Top grade famous tea.Produced in Fuzhou City, Fujian Province today.In the twenty-fourth year of Hongwu (1391), in the abolition of Tuancha, it was stipulated that Jianning Prefecture should pay tribute to four kinds of loose tea: Tanchun, Xianchun, Cichun and Zisun. ⑦Xianweng: It seems to refer to the tea ceremony maker. In ancient times, the secular people often respected the Taoist as "Xianweng". ⑧ Xiangru thirsty: According to legend, Sima Xiangru, a poet and fu writer in the Western Han Dynasty, suffered from thirst.

⑨Dianbi Lingyun Fu: Master Sima Qian's "Historical Records Sima Xiangru Biography", because Sima Xiangru's "Zixu Fu" was a small official in charge of the emperor's hunting dog by Yang Deyi from Shu, his title "dog supervisor" was given to the emperor. Read "Zixu Fu" and be good at it, saying: "I can't be at the same time as this person!" He said proudly: "Sima Xiangru, a man from the city, said that this is the Fu." So Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty called Sima Xiangru into the palace, and wrote " "Shanglin Fu", followed by "Adult Fu". "Xiangru played the ode of the adults, and the emperor was very happy, fluttering with the air of flying clouds, as if traveling between heaven and earth."

⑩The first flower: From the following three sentences of "Yangzhou", we can see that the poet is writing about the plum blossom and bright moon in Yangzhou.The first flower is like "the first branch of the east wind" and "a branch of spring".It is the poet who refers to his work of chanting plum blossoms.Song Shenghong of the Southern Dynasties "Jingzhou Ji": Lu Qi and Fan Ye were good friends, and sent a plum blossom from Jiangnan, and the poem as a gift said: "The folded flowers are sent to the post officials, and sent to the people in Longtou. There is nothing in the south of the Yangtze River, so let's talk about giving a spring." Later, Yizhichun was used as another name for plum blossoms.It is also the name of the word brand.

HI Yezhi: Officials are on duty at night.Cheng Mingqing is like water: It is said that on the night of Yangzhou in April, the bright moon is in the sky, and the blue sky is like water. HJ copper bottle: a copper water boiling utensil with a big belly and a small mouth, used for ordering tea.As the tea ordering method in the Song Dynasty gradually replaced the "sencha method" created by Lu Yu in the Tang Dynasty, the copper vase gradually replaced the larger catkin pots used in the Tang Dynasty for decocting tea. drink The hangover is not broken and tired of drinking the boat ①, and the purple bamboo shoots ② are sealed before dawn. After the cold food in the Huaihuo stone spring ③, before the flowers fall on the sideburns Zen couch ④. One Ou ⑤ The fragrance of spring dew can last forever, and the cool breeze of thousands of miles will make it easy. It is still possible to meet Hua Xu⑥, but Penglai⑦ does not plan to ask the immortals⑧. [Yuan Haowen] 1190-1257 character Yuzhi.Xiurong is a native of Xin County, Shanxi.Jin Dynasty writer.He was able to write poems at the age of eight, and later studied ancient classics, so he has a high level of self-cultivation.Xingding Jinshi, the official went to Wai Lang, a member of the Zuo Division of Xingshangshu Province.Jin died without official.Hao Wengong's poetry and prose, especially when the poems are crowned with gold and yuan.He is the author of "The Story of the Left Mountain" handed down from generation to generation. [Explanation] In history, the Jin and Song Dynasties existed side by side for more than a hundred years; at the end of the Jin Dynasty, they also coexisted with the Yuan Dynasty.The age of the poet's life experience was at the end of the Jin Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty.The author's tea poem is titled "Tea Drinking", and the literary allusions and tea drinking methods are mostly selected from the allusions of Tang and Song tea drinking. influences.At that time, although the Jin and Song Dynasties were often in a state of war, tea, as a beverage commodity and a messenger of friendship, could still communicate cultural and ideological exchanges among various ethnic groups in a timely manner. [Note] ①Gong boat: It is a wine vessel with a large capacity.In the sentence of drinking a boat, the poet said that he drank too much last night, woke up early in the morning, and was tired of seeing the wine vessel; he wanted to drink the purple bamboo shoot tea sent from Jiangnan in Kaifeng in the early morning, so as to sober up and refresh himself. ②Purple bamboo shoots: tea name.Produced in Guzhu Mountain, Changxing County, Huzhou. ③ Cold food: Cold food festival, one to two days before Qingming.According to legend, Jin Guojiezhi pushed and assisted Jin Wengong Chong'er to hide in the mountains after returning home.In order to make up the reward, Chong'er burned the mountain to force him out, and he pushed and hugged the tree to death.In order to commemorate him, Duke Wen forbade cooking on fire on the day of his death.Later, it became a custom, and it was called the Cold Food Festival.And the sentence "Huahuo Shiquan cold food" is a quote from the allusion in "Dongpo Zhilin".During Su Shi's relegation to the deputy envoy of the Huangzhou regiment, he once got a poem in a dream: "The cold food and Qingming are over, and the fire in Shiquan is new for a while." In order to point out the poet's way of drinking tea, the season is after Qingming. ④ Temple silk, Zen couch: Temple silk, like Huafa, the poet hinted that he was approaching his twilight years.Zen, Buddhist noun.It means that the mind is focused on one situation, and it is being considered and considered.The word "Chan couch" shows that the poet already believed in Buddhism and liked Zen. ⑤ Yiou, Wanli two sentences: It means that drinking a cup of tea like jade dew can not only relieve alcoholism and eliminate worries, it seems that the armpit has a breeze, and you can travel thousands of miles. ⑥Hua Xu: Utopia in fables. "Liezi·Yellow Emperor": "The Yellow Emperor slept in the daytime and dreamed, wandering in the country of the Huaxu family. The country has no commander, it is just natural; its people have no desires, it is just natural; it does not know how to enjoy life, and does not know how to hate death, so there is no heavenly death; , I don’t know how to sparse things, so I don’t have love and hate; I don’t know rebellion, I don’t know obedience, so I don’t have interests.” After the death of the Jin Dynasty, the poet stayed idle and did not work, and often drank to relieve his worries.He quoted this allusion in Ming poems, explaining that even though he is approaching his twilight years, the poet still hopes that the lost "Utopia" will return one day. ⑦Penglai: One of the three overseas mountains in myths and legends. ⑧Ask the Immortals: Citing Tang Lutong's allusion in the poem "Xie Meng Advises Sending New Tea".In Lu's poem: "Where is Penglai Mountain? Yuchuanzi wants to go back by the breeze. The immortals on the mountain go down to the earth, and their status is high and they ask the common people from the wind and rain. Do they have to rest in the end?" The poet uses "unplanned" The two words mean that he is not going to act like Lu Tong and ask the "immortals" how to get rid of the sufferings of the common people. He just pins his hopes on the fantasy "Hua Xu's ideal country". tea poem in painting The green hills I bought only grow tea, and the spring buds are picked in front of the peak and behind the peak. Cooking and frying have been done by predecessors ①, and crab eyes and pine wind ② entertain themselves. [Tang Yin] From 1470 to 1523, he was first styled as Bohu, changed to Ziwei, and nicknamed Liuru Jushi.The master of Peach Blossom Temple, Tang Sheng of the State of Lu, and the official of escape Zen are all nicknames for his paintings. Wuxian is a native of Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province.In 1498, the eleventh year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty, Juying Tian Jieyuan was held.Suave and suave in nature, highly talented and versatile, he was engraved with the title of "the first romantic talent in the south of the Yangtze River".Zhipushe "Peach Blossom Temple", drinking with guests and friends.Tang Yin was capable of poetry and painting, not only painting figures and ladies, but also landscapes, flowers and birds.He is a famous painter of the Wu school in the Ming Dynasty. There are "Complete Works of Liu Ru Layman" and "Liu Ru Painting Book" handed down from generation to generation. [Title Explanation] Tang Bohu is a painter who is passionate about tea.He has painted many tea-chanting paintings, such as the large-scale "Ming Shi Picture Volume", "Tea Tasting Picture" that has been seen, and "Qin Shi Picture" with Qin and drinking tea.These picture scrolls, with vigorous brushwork and elegant style, integrate mountains, rivers, forests, springs, characters and tea in one scroll, which is full of tea-tasting taste and elegant artistic conception, all of which are elegant products.The owner of Peach Blossom Temple often drinks tea and chats with poets and painters in the garden of Peach Blossom Temple, composing poems and painting.This "Tea Poem in the Painting" is a poem written by Tang Yin himself on the "Tea Tasting Picture" he drew.This painting was made around 1511-1512, the sixth to seventh year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty. Some poets and painters at that time wrote inscriptions and poems on the painting to add elegance. In the poem, the painter wrote quite wittily that if one day he could afford a green mountain, he would plant tea gardens in front of and behind the mountain. Go to the tea mountain to pick spring tea; according to the method of cooking tea of ​​the previous generations of tea connoisseurs, fry the tea and taste it yourself, smell the fragrance of the tender buds, and listen to the pine song when the water boils. Is it the way of love? 〔Note〕①Predecessor's method: This does not refer to the "Lu's Tea Fried Tea Method" created by Lu Yu in the Tang Dynasty, or the tea ordering method for refined and ground tea advocated in the Song Dynasty; Drawing on the experience of the predecessors.This is because Tang Yin lived in the Chenghua, Hongzhi, and Zhengde years in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. Since Emperor Hongwu issued an edict to stop making dragon balls and advocated drinking leaf tea in the early Ming Dynasty, the tea drinking customs of the Ming Dynasty have undergone historic changes. Tea products returned to nature from the refined type in the Song Dynasty, which also brought about an epoch-making innovation in the way of drinking tea.It can be said that since then, the general way of drinking tea is almost the same as the modern brewing method. ②Crab eyes and pine wind: It comes from Song Sushi's "Song of Fried Tea": "The crab eyes are more raw than the fish eyes, and the whistling is like the song of the pine wind." This refers to the soup cooking technique when frying tea.The ancients paid special attention to the "soup method" when drinking tea. For example, Taoist Jiahe Meidian once wrote "Sixteen Soups", such as Fan Lun: the choice of water quality for fried tea; the ratio of the amount of tea to water; the texture of the urn and the choice of fuel; the mastery of boiling water, and The impact of cleaners on tea taste and so on. Three of the Four Absolute Records of Touring Tea Mountain On a sunny day, the green peaks bloom ①, and the breeze protects the purple buds ②. The wild monk ③ special solution, live fire ④ recommends new tea. A spoonful of clear water ⑤, the trickle has no past or present. Kongshanren ⑥ is not here, I want to see Pinquanxin ⑦. In the past, I heard that Sang Zhuzi ⑧, Xiao San was not a family ⑨. Looking at the place where the tea was planted today, there were several trees and flowers in bloom. [Gong Xiuling] The date of birth and death is unknown.Ming Jiangyin is now a native of Jiangsu Province.His courtesy name was Guoqi, and his initial name was Wancheng.Wanli Jinshi.Know Dongyang County, take photos of Yiwu.There is a rule of law, and Cao is punished internally, and the prison is cleared.Jin Shaogin.He took the post of Cao Cao in Zhejiang Province and tried his best to break the rules.Yi Jiezhi was not allowed to vote and impeach him, so he resumed Jiangxi Shaoshen and guarded the east of the lake.There are "Kuangshan", "Doujiutang" and other collections. [Title Explanation] The title of the original poem is "Twilight Rain and Wu Ding Tao Si Li Touring the Four Wonders of Tea Mountain".See Volume 26 of "Shangrao County Chronicles" in 1872, the eleventh year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty.Tea Mountain: It refers to the several acres of tea gardens that Lu Yu planted during the construction of Guangjiao Temple here when he lived in seclusion in Shangrao, Xinzhou, in the northwest of Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province. 〔Note〕①Qingzhang: A blue mountain peak like a barrier. ②Purple buds: It comes from Lu Yu's "Tea Classic" commenting on Gu Zhu's purple bamboo shoot tea that "the purple one is the best".This refers to the purple tender tea buds that have just germinated in spring tea. ③ wild monk: refers to the mountain monk.The monk told the visitors the bizarre anecdotes of Lu Yu digging springs and planting tea here in the past. ④ live fire: raging fire.The fire is blazing, and the water is easy to boil.Song Sushi's tea poems have the words "living water needs to be cooked with living fire", and "the new spring comes from the living fire". ⑤ Qingling water: refers to Lu Yu spring water.The former site of the spring is in the Guangjiao Temple in the northwest of Shangrao City, and it is now the No. 1 Middle School of Shangrao City.It was excavated by Lu Yu when he lived in seclusion in Shangrao around 785-786 at the beginning of Tang Zhenyuan. ⑥ People: refers to the tea sage Lu Yu. ⑦ Tasting spring heart: The poet praised Lu Yu for his outstanding contribution to tea culture in the practice of tasting famous springs in the world when he was engaged in tea research.The volume of "The Story of Making Tea" written by him has long been lost, and the collection of twenty products of the world's famous springs and good waters can be found in Tang Zhang Youxin's "Jianchashuiji". ⑧Sang Zhuzi: Lu Yu called himself "Sang Zhu Weng" when Tang Suzong lived in seclusion in Tiaoxi Jielu at the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, and he was a farmer who planted mulberry hemp. 9 Not a family: The poet praised Lu Yu for devoting his whole life to the cause of tea science, and he never even established a family.Lu Yu once cherished the good wish of building a family in the future to enjoy family happiness, but he came alone after all, and passed away quietly as an old man. Lingquan Slowly drinking the cold water ①, once said to be the first spring ②. If it can make rain ③, it will be sprinkled all over the mountains and rivers. [Aixinjueluo·Xuanye] 1654-1722, the third son of Qing Shizu Fulin. He inherited the throne at the age of eight.Year name Kangxi.At the age of fourteen, he was in charge.During Xuanye's sixty-one year reign, he made great efforts to govern, successively quelled the San Francisco rebellion, recovered Taiwan, and stabilized the northern frontier.Pay attention to the development of agricultural production, successfully control the Yellow River, implement the policy of light corvee and low tax, increase the national treasury, and have new developments in various undertakings. [Title Explanation] Xuanye, the holy ancestor of the Qing Dynasty, made his first southern tour to Zhenjiang in 1684 in the 23rd year of Kangxi, when he was drinking tea from Zhongling Spring in Jinshan Temple. [Note] ① Zhonglingquan: See the previous note. ②The first spring: Liu Bochu in the Tang Dynasty rated "Yangtze Jiangnan Zero Water" as the first spring in the world.Since then, Lingquan in Zhenjiang and Jinshan has become a famous spring in the world. ③Linyu: like rain, Yu Size.Tang Du Fu's "Du Gongbu Thatched Cottage Poetry Notes" V "Shang Weixiang Twenty Rhymes": "Lin Yusheng Xianzuo, Danqing recalls old ministers." Sitting on the Dragon Well and cooking tea Longjing ① new tea Longjingquan ②, a flavor ③ called cooking. Inch buds are born on rotten rocks ④, and they are baked in seasons before the grain rain ⑤. Why should Tuanfeng ⑥ praise the imperial tea, and talk about the lotus that nourishes the heart because of the sparrow tongue ⑦. It's only when you want to tell the difference ⑧, laughing at me is still text Zen ⑨. [Aixinjueluo·Hongli] 1711-1799, the fourth son of Yongzheng, succeeded to the throne at the age of twenty-five, and was Emperor Gaozongchun.Reigned for sixty years.The year was Qianlong.Due to Emperor Qianlong's hard work, the Qing Dynasty entered its heyday, which is known as "the prosperous age of Kang and Qianlong" in history. Qianlong traveled freely and made six southern tours. Every time he went to a place, he would compose poems and write poems, write imperial books and carve stones.Therefore, there are many calligraphy handed down from generation to generation. [Title Explanation] Emperor Qianlong was a tea lover, and even a master of spring tasting.He has tasted famous tea all over the world, tasted many famous springs, and wrote "The Record of the First Spring in Yuquan Mountain in the World".This tea poem was impromptu by Qianlong when he was tasting tea by the Longjing Spring, the tea producing area of ​​West Lake, during Qianlong's inspection tour of the south of the Yangtze River. 〔Note〕①Longjing: tea name and village name. ②Longjing Spring: It has a long history and was discovered in the period of 238-251 during the Chiwu period of the Eastern Wu of the Three Kingdoms.According to legend, the well is connected with the sea, and there is a dragon under the well, hence the name "Dragon Well". ③Family flavor: This is when Qianlong cooked Longjing tea on the spot with Longjing spring water, and praised it for being unique in the charm of Longhong famous tea. ④ Cunya sentence: The author said the soil conditions of the origin of Longjing tea.Lu Yu, a tea sage, believes that tea is best born from rotten stones.Rotten rock refers to relatively complete weathering and fertile soil.Longjing tea grows mostly on slopes above 30°, mostly in acidic red soil, with loose structure, strong ventilation and water permeability, coupled with mild climate and abundant rainfall, which gave birth to the special quality of Longjing tea. ⑤Before Grain Rain: It means that the solar terms for picking and processing tea are before Grain Rain.It is also called "Guqian tea" in custom. ⑥Tuanfeng: The tribute tea of ​​the Song Dynasty court, advocating the research paste tea "Dragon Tuan" and "Phoenix Cake".An imperial bakery was set up in Beiyuan, Jian'an County, and officials were sent to supervise the manufacture of various types of imperial tea, such as dragon balls and phoenix cakes. ⑦Bus tongue: tea name.The word "Xinlian" in this sentence by the author cleverly points out the superb Guqian tea among Longjing teas - its buds are just sprouting and shaped like a lotus heart, so it is also called "Lianxin tea".Drinking this good tea can naturally nourish your heart and keep fit, and prolong your life. 8 Discrimination: He was an eminent monk in the Song Dynasty.Once built a pavilion on the side of Longjing Spring. "It's ready to come out" is the author's desire to realize the confrontation with monks and Buddhas with a Zen mind.This tea poem full of Zen flavor shows that Qianlong has entered his later years at this time, and his thoughts have fallen into the religious atmosphere of good Buddha and Zen. 9 Zen: Buddhist noun.It is said that the mind is focused on one situation, and is examining and thinking.Word Zen: comprehend the principles of Zen through poetry and prose. Jiaqing Imperial Teapot Inscription Tea Poetry Jia Ming Tou Gang tribute ①, pouring poems ② Yue Bi Tuan ③. Bamboo stove ④ add live fire ⑤, stone choke ⑥ boils and turmoil. The eyes of fish and crabs ⑦ drift slowly, and the shadows of the flag gun ⑧ accumulate carefully. One Ou ⑨ Qing Xing foot, Chun An to avoid light cold. [Aixinjueluo Yongyan] 1760-1820 Gaozong's fifteenth son, who became emperor in 1796.I was thirty-seven years old.The reign name is Jiaqing, also known as Emperor Jiaqing.Twenty-five years in office.During Jiaqing's reign, the land was highly concentrated, the people went into exile, the government was corrupt, the military equipment was slack, and peasant uprisings broke out one after another.The Qing regime has since turned from prosperity to decline. [Title Explanation] Emperor Jiaqing had the habit of drinking tea in the early morning, and also liked to inscribe imperial poems on the teapots fired in the imperial cellar.This teapot inscription tea poem is the imperial poem written by Emperor Jiaqing on the famille rose pot in mid-October 1797, the second year of Jiaqing.This pot was produced by the Jingdezhen Imperial Kiln of the Qing Dynasty. [Note] ①Tougang Gong: refers to the first batch of spring tea offered by Yubai, which specially manufactures tribute tea for the court, every year. It is called "Tougang Gongcha".The classification of tribute tea was first seen in Song Zhao Ruli's "Beiyuan Bielu", and the fine and rough tribute tea listed are divided into twelve categories. ② Poetry pouring: it is called morning drinking.Song Luyou's "Jiannan Poetry Draft" 24 "Spring Festival Evening Village Dwelling Miscellaneous Fu Quatrains": "The books are filled with floating maggots, and the rice is spread across the dream butterfly bed." Self-note: "Mr. Dongpo said that drinking in the morning is pouring Book." It turns out that pouring poems evolved from the word "pouring books", and the "transformation" is ingenious. It is unique to change poems to books and replace wine with tea. ③Yue Bi Tuan: This is what the author is saying, the tea he drinks every morning is a refined round tea shaped like a full moon. ④Bamboo stove: It is a bamboo stove for frying tea.The shape is made of moso bamboo as the frame, and the inner chamber is padded with mud wall to prevent combustion.It can be seen in the "Picture of Sheng Yong Tea Vessel" in the Ming Dynasty.Bamboo stoves have been used by tea sellers in the market since the Song Dynasty.Its production process is very particular, and it is nicknamed "Bitter Bamboo Lord". ⑤ active fire: urgent fire, raging fire. ⑥Shi Cho: It is a utensil for cooking tea.Shi is a stove for frying tea made of stone; Cho is a small metal water heater with a handle and a flow, suitable for a few people to drink tea and boil water.In the north, it is commonly known as "Shuiji'er". ⑦Fish and crab eyes: It is an ancient method of frying tea and waiting for soup.In Su Dongpo's "Song of Fried Tea", there is a sentence "The eyes of the crab are more than the eyes of the fish, and the whistling is like the pine wind. ⑧Flag Gun: See previous note. ⑨Ou: This is a basin-like pottery vessel, an ancient drinking utensil. In this poem, "Ou" refers to a tea bowl.In ancient tea poems, it is customary to use "bowl"-"Ou" in common. For example, the tea bowl produced by Jianzhou Porcelain Factory is often called "Jianou". The Sound of Selling Flowers・Roasted Tea① The small bridge on the three boards is oblique ②, with a few edges of mulberry and hemp, and the flag gun ③ is half-exposed to pick new tea.Shiwuxiniang baked with slender hands ④, like crab grilled yarn.The shadows are separated by the sand⑤ of the window, and crows are piled up on the temples. At the foot of Biluo Mountain ⑥ is Nong's house.Chanting and thirsty scholars think of fighting cup ⑦, rainy feet and cloud flowers ⑧. [Cai Tingbi] The date of birth and death is unknown.The word is Tiantian, and the name is ancient.People from Deqing, Zhejiang. Gongsheng.Zeng Guan Lanxi County Discipline.There is "Baimo Ci Collection" and "Taixuzhai Ci Collection". 〔Note〕①Roasted tea: There are three ways to make loose tea: fried green, steamed green, and sun-dried green.From "Like Crab Grilling Sand", it seems that the peasant girl is roasting and frying youth tea.The process of baking Biluochun tea is as follows: fresh leaves are all manually operated after picking, killing, kneading, kneading, and drying. ②Three sentences from three boards: The poet paints a wonderful picture of picking tea in spring mountains: mulberry, tea gardens, small bridges, streams, farmhouses, and girls with red makeup picking and making spring tea. ③Flag gun: I have seen it before, and the notes are omitted. ④ Two sentences of Xi Niang: Under Biluo Mountain, beside the stream and spring, a peasant girl with tea making experience is roasting Biluochun tea. ⑤ Two sentences across the window screen: It means that the poet is quietly gazing at the pretty face of the girl and the agile movements when roasting tea through the window screen. ⑥ Biluo Mountain: Dongting Dongshan in Taihu Lake.The origin of the national famous tea Biluochun is the stone wall of Biluofeng in Dongshan Dongting. ⑦ Douzhan: The original meaning is to fight tea.Drinking tea and fighting tea began in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty.It is also one of the forms of evaluation of tea products.This sentence means that the scholar who is reciting poems and books smells the fragrance of tea and feels thirsty, so he really wants to taste the new tea that has just been roasted. ⑧Cloud flower: Refers to the beautiful tea foot that sinks in the teacup and moves like a cloud flower. Sweeping Flowers·Wuyi Tea① Red and blue ② are fragrant and clean, and they are specially sealed.There are several green konjacs ③, and pine furnaces ④ diffuse.Look at the first harvest of wheat grains ⑤, and gradually the lotus calyx ⑥.Boiling still stops, the rolling spring tide is darkly falling⑦.At the ⑧ corner of the painting building, the wine and peaches are growing, and the curtain is rainy and sunny.At the end of the day ⑨ the ravine is full of clouds, ask Jisun Peak ⑩, how many pavilions HI.The flowers are deep and the bamboo is wrong, thinking about the south of the river, the thirty-nine springs are like yesterday?I plan to try the capital basket HK, who is the line of Xingshan Cuixi HL, the evening wind is thin, listen to the empty fou HM, and sing songs in the mantle pavilion. [Wan Guangtai] The date of birth and death is unknown.The word follows the beginning, and the word expands.A native of Xiushui, Zhejiang.Juren in 1736 in the first year of Qianlong.Recommend erudite words.There is "Zhepo Jushi Collection". 〔Note〕①Wuyi Tea: Produced in the Wuyi Mountains of Fujian Province, it is now the national famous tea Wuyi Cinnamon.It belongs to the oolong tea category and is a high-aroma variety of Wuyi rock tea.Wuyi tea was famous all over the world as early as the Song Dynasty.Su Shi of the Song Dynasty praised Wuyi tea in a poem: "Milliary buds by the Wuyi stream, the first Ding and the later Cai are favored by each other." ②Red and blue, special sentences: It means that a friend sent the beautifully decorated Wuyi tea from afar. ③ Green Bean: soft cattail grass.It was the second layer of packaging for high-grade tea before the Qing Dynasty to prevent it from being invaded by moisture. ④ Pine furnace: To point out the environment for drinking tea, under the quiet ancient pine, burn the wind furnace to fry tea.瀹〔yue〕: To cook things in soup is called 瀹. ⑤ wheat grains: tea name.According to "Tea Spectrum", there was a top-grade famous tea called Maige in Shuzhou in Tang Dynasty. ⑥Lotus calyx: It refers to the spring tea buds and leaves as tender as the lotus heart. ⑦Boiling and rolling two sentences: it is called fried tea waiting soup. ⑧Three sentences from the painting building: It is a tea drinker, drinking tea by the side of a clear spring under an elegant emerald pine; it is in stark contrast to the drunk and slightly drunk song music joker in the Zhuge painting building——" "Rain and sunshine" and "curtain" are two completely different tastes and artistic conceptions.The poet praised the elegance and vulgarity of tea drinking with the contrast of the scene. ⑨Six sentences from the end of the day: It is the author's tribute to the Wuyi friends who are far away in the "Clear Water Danshan". And recalled the scene when I traveled to Wuyi scenery with my friends in the past, visiting springs and drinking tea. 10 Sun Peak: The name of the peak of Wuyi Mountain.Among the peaks in Wuyi Mountain, there is one called "Jianzhu Peak". Several pavilions in HI: refers to many historic sites in the Jiuqu area of ​​Wuyi Mountain, such as Chongyou Wannian Palace and Ziyang Academy where Zhu Xi gave lectures in Song Dynasty. HJ Thirty-Nine Springs: Refers to the springs of various schools that converge into the "Jiuqu Stream" in Wuyi. HK Du Basket: Bamboo basket for tea utensils and tea utensils. HL Cuixi (jue): Exquisite straw sandals woven with hemp grass.Straw sandals and bamboo sticks were necessary for ancient literati to travel mountains and rivers. HM listens to the two sentences of Kongfu: the poet still hopes to revisit the scenery of Wuyi one day.After drinking tea in the mountain springs and by the pavilions, I enjoy shooting the empty fou, composing songs and poems, and sharing the elegant joy of life with my friends. The title of Hunan Tea Research Institute - Yonggaoqiao Yinfeng Tea New tea is produced in Furong Country ①, and Jiuyi ② is fragrant and fragrant to thousands of families. I am willing to let Huzhou boast purple bamboo shoots ③, and I am willing to fight red yarn with Shuangjing ④. The brain is like ice and snow, ⑤ the heart is like fire, the tongue is not swollen, and ⑥ the eyes are not dazzled. Work together to prevent the world from getting drunk, and the three lords are useless to wake up alone. [Guo Moruo] From 1892 to 1978, his original name was Kaizhen, and he was nicknamed Dingtang.Chinese modern writer, historian, playwright, paleographer and social activist.He served as President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vice Premier of the Central People's Government Administration Council, and Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. [Title] Gaoqiao Yinfeng tea is produced in Gaoqiao, Dongxiang, Changsha County, Hunan Province. It is a famous tea successfully developed by Hunan Tea Research Institute in 1959. In 1960, it was appraised by the Tea Bureau of the Ministry of Commerce, the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Shanghai Tea Import and Export Corporation, and the Hunan Provincial Cotton, Hemp, Tea and Tobacco Bureau and other units: it is of high quality and meets the requirements of famous teas.After drinking Takahashi Silver Peak in 1964, the poet improvised a poem and wrote this fresh, beautiful and meaningful tea-chanting poem. 〔Note〕①Furong Country: generally refers to Hunan.Tang Tan used the "autumn stay on the Xiangjiang River to meet the rain": "The autumn wind is thousands of miles in the Furong country, and the evening rain is in the Xueli village of a thousand families." Mao Zedong's "Qilu·Answer to Friends" has a poem that "Furong country is full of morning glory". ② Jiuyi: The name of the mountain is Jiuyi Mountain, also known as Cangwu Mountain.According to legend, it is the burial place of Yu Shun.Sixty miles south of Ningyuan County, Hunan Province.The first two lines are the poet's praise of the tea garden cultivated by the Hunan Tea Research Institute at the foot of Yuhuang Mountain, which is all over the hills and ravines, lush with greenery and full of tea fragrance, which floats into thousands of households. ③Purple bamboo shoots: that is, Guzhu purple bamboo shoots tea.Produced in Guzhu Mountain, Changxing County, Zhejiang Province.Because Changxing County belonged to Huzhou in history, people used to call it "Huzhou purple bamboo shoots".The tea has a long-standing reputation, and Tang Luyu rated it as the top grade in "The Classic of Tea".Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, the royal families have listed it as a tribute. ④ Shuangjing: Tea name and place name.In the west of Xiushui County, Jiangxi Province.Red yarn: This refers to the exquisiteness and preciousness of Shuangjing tea.In the Song Dynasty, Shuangjing tea was sealed with "red yarn in the bag", and each bag was no more than one or two liang.The poet said, how can such a good new tea as Gaoqiao Yinfeng always let Huzhou Zisun enjoy the reputation alone, and should compete with the famous Shuangjing herbal tea from ancient and modern times! ⑤Ice and snow: Praise Yinfeng tea for its high quality.The words come from Song Su Shi's "Ci Yun Cao Fu Ji Heyuan Trial Baking New Sprouts": "You must know that Bingxue has a good heart, not the first face of the ointment." ⑥饾饤: "Tongya Diet": "Drinking scriptures, five-color cakes are filled and accumulated together, and they are called buckets, because they are used as 饾饤." The word 饾饤 originally contained the meaning of stacking.The two poems in the neck couplet say that drinking such a fragrant and smooth tea like Takahashi Yinfeng not only does not have the feeling of bitterness and stagnant rinsing, but also clears the mind and eyesight, refreshes the brain and improves thinking, and the spirit is more uplifting. ⑦The two sentences of Sanlu and Tianxiazui: It refers to the story of Qu Yuan about 340-278 BC. Qu Yuan once served as a doctor in the state of Chu.After he was exiled to the south of the Yangtze River due to slander, he once wrote a poem "The Fisherman", which said: "The whole world is turbid, but I am pure; everyone is drunk, but I am sober." The poet quoted this allusion in the end couplet, intending Call on the people of the tea villages to produce more and better teas and put them on the market, so that people can drink more good tea and less alcohol. Then, Dr. Sanlu no longer has to lament that everyone in the world is drunk. Visit Longjing Village① Shifeng ②Longjing produces famous tea, and there are 100 production teams. Four hundred acres of tea gardens have been opened up, and the annual income has increased. 〔Zhu De〕1886-1976 character Yujie.A native of Yilong, Sichuan.A great Marxist, Chinese proletarian revolutionist and military strategist, one of the outstanding leaders of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China, and one of the founders and leaders of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.Served as commander-in-chief of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, vice-chairman of the People's Republic of China, and chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. [Question] Chairman Zhu De inspected Longjing Village on the outskirts of West Lake in Hangzhou on January 26, 1961. He saw the tea gardens in the mountains, a scene of prosperity, and learned that the income of the people in the tea village has increased year by year and their lives have improved significantly. He was very happy and glad to write Compose poems to praise the industrious and creative spirit of the people in the tea village. 〔Note〕①Longjing Village: To the west of Longjing Spring on Fenghuang Ridge in the southwest of West Lake, Hangzhou City.The mountains around Longjing village are rich in famous tea - West Lake Longjing has long been famous both at home and abroad, and is well-known all over the world. ② Lion Peak: The abbreviation of Lion Peak.Located in the southwest of West Lake in Hangzhou City, southwest of Tianzhu Peak, it is one of the scenic spots in Hangzhou and one of the main producing areas of West Lake Longjing tea.West Lake Longjing tea production areas are mainly distributed in Shizifeng, Longjing, Wuyun Mountain, Hupao and Meijiawu.Especially the one produced by Shizifeng is the best. It is bright yellow in color and has a long-lasting fragrance. It is known as "the top of Longjing". Meijiawu ① Impromptu ② Talk about the commune ③, and meet to visit Mei's house. Castle Peak ④ is surrounded by four sides, with green trees and several slopes. The stream ⑤ sounds the qin and the harp ⑥, and the people enjoy the joy of the age ⑦. The guest is salty ⑧ joyful, and takes a closer look at picking new tea. [Chen Yi] 1901-1972, styled Zhonghong.Sichuan is happy to people.Proletarian revolutionist and military strategist.One of the founders and leaders of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Marshal of the People's Republic of China. He joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League in 1922 and the Communist Party of China in 1923.In participating in the leadership of the Agrarian Revolutionary War, the War of Resistance Against Japan, and the War of Liberation, he successively held important positions and made outstanding achievements.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, Vice Chairman of the National Defense Commission, Vice Premier of the State Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs and other important positions. He died in Beijing on January 6, 1972.His posthumous works include "Selected Poems of Chen Yi" and "Drafts of Chen Yi's Poems". [Title Explanation] "Meijiawu Impromptu" is one of the poems in the group "Visiting Hangzhou with Brazilian Friends" written by the poet in August 1961.The second group of poems "Shangping Fengshan" said: "It's like being in a painted screen, and the scenery of Qiantang is proud of the sky. Applause and cheers are everywhere: 'China and Brazil are brothers.'" 〔Note〕①Meijiawu: In the southwest of the West Lake in Hangzhou, in the mountain dock to the west of Wuyun Mountain, about 20 kilometers away from the West Lake.Meijiawu is famous for its "green color, rich aroma, sweet and refreshing taste, shaped like a sparrow's tongue". It is one of the main production areas of West Lake Longjing tea, which is known as the "Four Wonders".The production areas of West Lake Longjing are distributed in Longjing, Shifeng, Hupao, Wuyun Mountain and Meijiawu.In history, there are four categories of "lion, dragon, cloud and tiger".Due to the different geographical locations of tea gardens, the production methods are different and each has its own characteristics.Now it is divided into Shifeng Longjing, Meiwu Longjing and West Lake Longjing.Shifeng Longjing is produced in Lion Peak, Longjing, Wengjiashan, Manjuelong, Yangmeiling, Tianzhu, Lingyin and other places. It has a long-lasting aroma and is the top grade of Longjing tea; Meijiawu Longjing is produced in Meijiawu, Yunqi, Fancun and other places are exquisite in workmanship, flat and smooth in shape, and emerald green in color; West Lake Longjing is produced in Shuangfeng, Jinshagang, Maojiafu, Jiulisong, Hupao, Liuhe Pagoda and other places. , compared with the former two, the quality is slightly inferior. ② Impromptu: When the workers of the Meijiawu tea factory welcome Chinese and foreign guests to visit, the poet is very interested and writes impromptu poems.As the saying goes, "poets sing about temperament." Song Yanyu's "Canglang Poetry Discussion" ③ Commune: "Rural People's Commune".It was formed in 1958 on the basis of advanced agricultural cooperatives. It is a socialist economic organization under the collective ownership of the rural laboring masses in our country. ④ Qingshan sentence: It means that "Meijia" is surrounded by mountains and mountains, and the scenery is strange and quiet.To the northwest is Tianzhu Mountain, to the northeast is Fenghuang Ridge, to the east is Wuyun Mountain, and to the southeast is the Qiantang River.Among them, Wuyun Mountain is one of the famous scenic spots in Hangzhou.At an altitude of 344 meters, it towers into the sky.From the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain, there are more than a thousand steps of stone steps, with seventy-two bends. There is a poem by the predecessors: "The stone steps are surrounded by the blue sky, and the five clouds reflect the top of the five peaks." Looking at the West Lake Pavilion, there is a couplet saying: "The long dike cuts through the whole lake, and the word divides the two Zhejiang mountains equally." ⑤ Stream: part of the stream originates from Shibajian of Longjing Village in Longjing Mountain in the northeast of "Meijia", flows between Yunqi and "Meijia", and flows into Qiantang River. ⑥Qinse: The names of two musical instruments.Qin, "Shi Xiaoya · Luming": "I have guests, and I play the zither and the zither." The ancient work has five strings, and Zhou Lu increased it to seven strings.There are twenty-five strings in today's harp, and each string has a pillar, which can be moved up and down to determine the clarity and turbidity of the sound.Streams and zithers: It means that all the streams emit clear sounds of high mountains and flowing water, which are melodious and melodious, such as the harmony of zithers and zithers, and the joy of mountains and rivers, all of which are welcoming guests. 7 Suihua: Still speaking of age.Tang Meng Haoran's "Daye" poem: "It's worthwhile to wander, and the next day will be full of glory." 8 salty: all, all.Jin Wang Xizhi's "Lanting Preface": "The group of sages has arrived, and the young and long have gathered." Inscribed as a gift to the Chinese Tea People's Association I don't envy Jingqing who boasted about wine①, what is clearer than tea in the drink②? Pay each other seven bowls of wind and armpit ③, and absorb a thousand rivers and moons to shine on the heart ④. 梦断赵州禅杖举⑤，诗留坡老乳花新⑥。 茶经广涉天人学⑦，端赖群贤仔细论。 〔赵朴初〕１９０７年出生，号开翁。安徽太和人。自幼酷爱诗词及书法，尔后从事佛教和社会救济工作。１９３６年参加抗日救亡活动。抗战期间负责上海战区难民收容工作，动员大批青壮年参加抗战。１９３９年参加国统区人民争取实行民主宪政的运动。１９４５年参加发起组织中国民主促进会。在此期间任上海中国佛教协会秘书长等职。新中国成立后历任华东军政委员会民政部副部长兼生产救灾委员会副主任，中国佛教协会秘书长、副会长、会长，民进中央名誉主席，中日友协顾问，中国作协理事，中国红十字会名誉会长，为一至三届全国政治协商会议委员、四五届常委和同届人民代表大会代表。现任全国政协副主席。着名诗人、书法家和社会活动家。 着有《滴水集》、《片石集》、《佛教常识答问》等。 〔题解〕这首诗是诗人为“中华茶人联谊会成立之庆”所作。见载于中华茶人联谊会会刊《中华茶人》第一期１９９２年７月出版扉页上赵老所书条幅。书法秀逸，诗意深邃，颇得“茶禅一味”真趣。赵老的书法诗词向为海内外各界人士所推崇，作为中华茶人联谊会一名普通成员，笔者怀着敬仰之情，对此诗加以注释，收入《今古茶诗下》篇，以使海内外茶文化界与广大爱诗人、爱茶人共赏之。 中华茶人联谊会：经民政部于１９９０年１月８日批准成立。其性质是：“由中国包括台湾、香港、澳门以及海外华侨中从事茶叶事业的人士和团体自愿参加组成的民间团体。具备全国性社会团体法人资格的组织；其宗旨为：发扬爱国主义精神，团结中华茶人，促进友谊与合作，促进祖国茶叶生产、贸易、消费和茶叶科技、文化艺术的发展，振兴中华茶叶事业。”“茶联”的英文全称是“ＣＨＩＮＥＳＥＴＥＡＭＡＮUＦＲＩＥＮＤＳＨＩＰＡＳＳＯＣＩＡＴＩＯＮ”引自《中华茶人联谊会章程》。于同年８月２６日至２８日在北京召开了成立大会。出席会议的有三十个省、市、自治区、计划单列市，包括香港、澳门在内的本会发起人和有关茶叶部门、单位的代表及五个省的海外联谊部门负责人，共９９个单位，１３０人。大会通过了《中华茶人联谊会章程》和第一届理事会名誉理事长名单、顾问名单，理事会理事、常务理带、理事长、秘书长名单。 大会期间，二十七日全国人大常委会雷洁琼副委员长在中央有关部、委领导陪同下莅临大会，亲切接见了与会代表并合影留念。大会还收到海内外包括台湾、香港、澳门５６个单位和个人名义发来的贺电４５份。大会取得了圆满成功。 〔笺注〕①不羡荆卿句：这首诗的妙趣就在于，一开句就把读者引向二千年前的一位传奇般的历史人物——荆卿，即指荆轲？—前２２７战国末卫国今河南省湛县境人。其先世为齐人。徙于卫，字谷叔，卫人谓庆卿，而之燕，燕人谓之荆卿。据《史记·荆轲传》记载，荆卿好读书、击剑、嗜酒。常常饮得酩酊大醉，溺于醉人，并乘醉舞剑颂酒和歌。公元前２２８年，燕太子丹听说荆轲很贤能，并携带厚礼，以谦卑之词求见，始请为门客，后拜为上卿。次年前２２７及秦军灭赵，略地至燕南界，太子丹震惧，遂派荆轲、秦舞阳往秦，诈献樊於期原为秦将，避罪奔燕首级与燕国督亢为燕膏腴之地，在今河北省涿州市、易县、固安一带地图，以谋刺秦王。瀛政在咸阳宫隆重召见，及见樊於期首级后，已深信不疑，当图穷匕首见，轲操起饱浸剧毒，见血立亡的匕首刺秦王未遂，被杀。 ②何物比茶清：此句隐喻“芳茶冠六清，溢味播九区州晋代诗人张载《登成都白菟楼诗》的咏茶句意，以此赞美古往今来的饮品，再也没有比茶更清、更淳的了。 ③七碗风生腋：唐代诗人卢仝《谢孟谏议寄新茶》诗有：“一碗喉吻润，二碗破孤闷，三碗搜枯肠，唯有文字五千卷，四碗发轻汗，五碗肌肤清，六碗通仙灵，七碗吃不得也，唯觉两腋习习清风生”卢仝这首茶歌向为古今品泉家所乐道。 ④千江月照心：这句诗似喻指苏东坡月夜汲水分江之典。宋代大文学家东坡先生，在坎坷的人生旅途中，到了垂暮之年，又被流放到儋州今海南省儋县。坡老在一个风轻月朗的夜晚，想以品茶来度过那孤寂的漫漫长夜，于是他披星戴月，手操汲水容器，不顾石滑水险，登临钓台之上，汲取深而清洁的江水，并出神入化的在《汲江煎茶》诗写出了“大瓢贮月归深瓮，小勺分江入夜瓶”的名句。而赵老的这句“千江月照心”虽发乎东坡先生的“月夜分江”之典，但其意境则更高深、更幽远。诗人似乎是与今古茶人神会，共饮千江之水，同品冠清之茶，心若江水清淳，神如皓月凌空。使品茗升华到一个新的意境。 ⑤赵州禅杖句：寓指赵州和尚“吃茶去”的禅机典故。唐代赵州从谂禅师，俗姓郝，山东曹州郝乡人，是一位长寿禅师，活到一百二十岁７７８—８９７。他在赵州今河北赵县观音院禅修时，有僧来拜谒从谂，他问来者：“曾到此间否？”答：“曾到”。从谂说：“吃茶去！”，又有僧来观音院，从谂问：“曾来此间吗？”答：“未曾来”。从谂说： “吃茶去！”院主不解其意，遂问师曰：“何以来者说'曾到'或说'不曾到'都说'吃茶去'？”从谂照说：“吃茶去！”有人说“吃茶去”深蕴禅机，可以达到“顿悟”。后世尊崇从谂为“赵州古佛”或被誉为“赵州门风”。 赵老于１９８４年夏，为陈彬藩先生《茶经新篇》题诗曰： Seven bowls are delicious, and one pot is really interesting.