Chapter 39 Chapter Seven Modern and Ancient Tea Poems-3

One to Seven Character Poems - Tea Tea.Fragrant leaves, buds.Mu Shike, loves the monk family.Carved with white jade and woven with red gauze.The color of yellow pistil is fried, and the bowl is turned into a dusty flower.The queen of the night invites to accompany the bright moon, and the morning before the morning is ordered to face the morning glow.Washing away the ancient and modern people tirelessly, will know that it is worthy of praise after being drunk. [Yuan Zhen] 779-831, the character is Weizhi, and the other name is Weiyang.Luoyang is now a native of Henan.In his early years, his family was poor.In 803, the nineteenth year of Zhenyuan, Emperor Dezong, he was sentenced to the Department of Excellence in the book.He has served as supervisory history, catering department member Wailang, Hanlin scholar Chengzhi, Tongzhou governor, and eastern Zhejiang observation envoy.Yuan Zhen was a famous poet in the mid-Tang Dynasty. He was as famous as Bai Juyi and was also called "Yuan Bai".

[Title Explanation] This is a tea song with ingenious conception, fluent language, elegant artistic conception and harmonious melody.The poet has a small note after the title: "With Wang Qi①, the princes sent Bai Juyi to Sidongjun② to write." [Notes] ①Wang Qi 760-847: Juzhi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty.His first home is in Taiyuan, which is now Shanxi, and his family is in Yangzhou, which is now Jiangsu.In the 14th year of Zhenyuan, Dezong was admitted to Jinshi in 798, and in 803 in the 19th year of Boxuehongci.He was awarded the school secretary of Jixian Palace.Wang Qi is a poet friend of Bai Juyi, and there are couplets with dozens of rhymes, which are called "Qingfang".

②Divided into Dongjun: refers to Bai Juyi's resignation as Minister of the Ministry of Punishments in the spring of 829, the third year of Wenzong's Yamato.Dongdu, also known as Dongjun, was first called in the Western Zhou Dynasty.In the Zhou Dynasty, Wangcheng was the eastern capital, which was located in the west of Luoyang City, Henan Province. "Poetry·Wangcheng Pushu": "Zhou took Haojing as the western capital, Wangcheng as the eastern capital, and Wangcheng is now Luoyi." When Luoyang was the capital of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was also known as the eastern capital.During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Eastern Capital, or Tokyo, was built.

Chaling ① Purple buds ② with white pistils, first born towards the top of the mountain. Seeing that family members pick it up, it is common to touch the dew line ③. [Zhang Ji] 766-830 characters Wenchang.Tang Dynasty poet.His ancestral home is Wujun, today's Suzhou, Jiangsu, and later moved to Hezhou, now Hexian, Anhui.In the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan, Emperor Dezong, he became a Jinshi in 799.The official calendar is Taizhu of Taichang Temple, Dr. Guozi, member of the Ministry of Water, Wailang, etc.He once studied under Han Yu, and is known as a disciple of Han School in the world.

[Notes] ① Chaling: In the Tang Dynasty, Kuizhou had Chaling, and the tea produced was comparable to Guzhu Zisun and Sichuan Mengding tea.In the Tang Dynasty, Kuizhou belonged to Shannan West Road, which is now in Fengjie County, Sichuan. ②Purple buds: According to the research of tea science experts, the color of tea buds can be divided into purple, red and green, which is determined by the variety of tea trees, and may also be related to the natural conditions of the ecological environment.Purple buds are related to the amount of anthocyanins or anthocyanins. ③ Touching the dew: Lu Yu discussed the tea-picking time in "The Classic of Tea Sanzhizao" and emphasized: "If it rains on a day, don't pick it, if it's sunny, don't pick it, and if it's sunny, pick it." The specific time is: "Linglu picking." That is Pick the dew-enriched tea buds in the wee hours of the morning before sunrise.

Venerable Xun ①Plucked tea from the bamboo and saw the gift as a poem Fang Cong Yixiang Bamboo, Zero Lu Ning Tsinghua University. This snow-capped mountain guest ②, in the morning, the spirit buds. Steaming smoke overlooking Shise ③, Ling Danya is close at hand ④. Round and fragrant, beautiful in color, Guibi without flaws ⑤. Hu'er Cuan Jinding ⑥, the lingering fragrance extends to the quiet. Take care and send the real photo ⑦ to restore the evil spirits. Still drinking with nectar ⑧, Buddhist affairs Xun Biye ⑨. Duh this Pengying couple ⑩, nothing is Guiliuxia HI. [Liu Zongyuan] 773-819 Zihou, born in Jiezhou Town, Yuncheng County, Shanxi Province.Tang writer and philosopher.Zhenyuan Jinshi, erudite Hongci Ke and the first.He successively served as the school secretary, the supervisory censor, demoted Yongzhou Sima, and Liuzhou governor.

[Title Explanation] The poet demoted Yongzhou Sima in November 806, the first year of Emperor Xianzong of Tang Dynasty, and lived in Longxing Temple.This poem is a reward poem written after the poet witnessed the process of Master Xun personally picking and making morning tea, and the feeling of drinking the monk's precious tea.This poem was written around the early years of Yuanhe. [Notes] ① Venerable Sunda: That is to say, Sunda.He is the Zen Master of Longxing Temple in Yongzhou.Venerable Master: The title of Buddhism.Generally refers to monks who hold strict precepts and are proficient in righteous learning.According to the volume of "Shishi Yaolan": "There is wisdom and virtue inside, and victorious behavior outside, and it is above people, and it is called a master."

② Snow Mountain Guest: Snow Mountain, that is, the Snow Mountain Department.It is the place where Sakyamuni practiced, lectured, and trained his disciples.Snow Mountain Guest is a poet who praised Master Xun as a monk with profound practice. ③Foist Stone Seto: Refers to the water of the Yuan River under Longxing Temple. ④Lingdanya: It means that the temple is backed by Huxi Mountain. ⑤ Two sentences of Yuanfang and Guibi: praise the exquisiteness of tea.It is a freshly baked round cake tea, the tea surface is as smooth and flawless as jasper. ⑥ Cuan Jinding: Cuan [cuan], here it is used as a verb to ignite, not as a noun "zao".Jinding is a tripod-shaped blast furnace made of metal.The whole sentence means that the poet ordered Tonger to make tea in a wind furnace.

⑦True photo: Like the truth, it is called the origin and nature of people.The poet said that drinking the fairy tea like nectar and flowing clouds can not only wash away the worries in the heart and get rid of all the evil spirits, but it seems that it can restore the truth, which is the "truth" that transcends nature as the Buddhists say. ⑧ Manna: "Rui Ying Tu": "Manna, beauty dew is also the essence of gods, and the luster of people; it is as condensed as fat, and as sweet as sugar, it is called ointment, and it is called heavenly wine." ⑨Viya: A Buddhist term, that is, a simplified sentence of "Vinaye".It means to obey the commandments.

10 Pengying: Penglai and Yingzhou are the legendary sea fairy mountains. "Supplements of Relics": "Li Pengying surpasses the blue sea." Peng Ying's couple uses fairyland as a metaphor for tea. HI Liuxia: Immortal wine name. "Baopuzi Dispelling Confusion": "Xiang Man went to the mountains to study immortals, and returned after ten years. His family asked him why, saying: 'There are immortals, but give me a cup of Liuxia, and drink it without hunger and thirst.'" Li Shangyin " Wuyi Mountain Poetry: "I only have a glass of Liuxia wine, and when will the flute and drum come back in the air." , Cleaning up all the worries and desires in the world, it seems that there is a glorious Buddhist fairyland in front of you.

Thank you Liu Xianggong for sending Tianzhu tea ① Two strings of spring balls show moonlight ②, titled Tianzhu Yin Weiyang ③. I suspect that Manqian peach is tasteless, and feel that Chang'e medicine is not fragrant. It is a pity that I am afraid that I will be separated from the market, so I should try my best to find it for the altar ⑤. The rough official post and the true abandonment depend on the poetic sentiment to have a taste ⑥. [Xue Neng] The year of birth and death is unknown.A poet in the Tang Dynasty, his characters are clumsy.Fenzhou is a native of Fenyang County, Shanxi Province.In the sixth year of Wuzong Huichang, he was a Jinshi in 846.The deputy envoy of Xichuan Jiedu in Jiannan of the official calendar took photos of the governor of Jiazhou and the minister of the Ministry of Industry. 〔Note〕①Tianzhu tea: Huoshan Huangya.Produced in Shengtang County, Shouzhou, Tang Dynasty, now Huoshan, Lu'an County, Anhui, a buried mountain, also known as Tianzhu Mountain.According to Tang Lizhao's "Tang Kingdom History Supplement", Huoshan Huangya was listed as one of the famous teas in Tang Dynasty.Today's Huoshan Huangya in Anhui Province is the best famous tea among yellow teas. ②Two strings: Talk about the number of tea gifts given by friends.In the Tang Dynasty, after the tea cakes were finalized, they were pierced with an awl knife, and then put into the tea roaster with bamboo and wood tools to dry.Therefore, its quantity is often recorded in "string".There are also large and small skewers. For example, for small skewers, each skewer is half a catty or one catty, about ten pieces.Let the moonlight: It is said to anoint its face with ointment, and it will be as bright as the moon. ③ Title: This sentence means that the name is Tianzhu tea, but the label on the packaging is printed with the words "Weiyang Jin's Yangzhou Produce". ④ Suspicion and feeling two sentences: After drinking this superb fairy tea, you will even feel that you don't even want to eat the fairy peaches at the Queen Mother of the West, and the fairy medicine that Chang'e pounded in the moon palace seems to have lost its fragrance. ⑤ The second sentence of "pity and fear": The poet said to his friends that when Tianzhu tea was first launched here, he was afraid that it would be sold out soon, and he searched hard, so he bought some. ? ⑥The two sentences of "coarse official" and "Laiyou": It is the poet's humble words.It is a pity that this is a rare treasure that is better than fairy tea, and it is a pity to give it to a vulgar official like me to drink it; fortunately, when drinking it, you can also chant it to accompany it, which is considered to have lived up to the affection of the king and friends.This is indeed a good tea poem with euphemism, delicateness and meaningful charm. Xiling Taoist ① Tea Song Milky sinuses splash through the stone veins ②, green dust worries about the grass and the spring river color ③. When the flowers in the well enter the well, the water smells fragrant ④, and the mountain moon is the person of Pine Shadow ⑤. Immortal Weng ⑥ white fan, frost bird feathers, reading Huang Ting Jing at night while blowing the altar ⑦. Sparse fragrance⑧white teeth have an aftertaste, and even feel the heart of the crane⑨tongyaoming⑩. [Wen Tingyun] 812-870, whose real name is Qi and style name Zhengqing.Taiyuan Qi is now a native of Qi County, Shanxi.Less talented, especially good at poetry and Fu, is as famous as Li Shangyin.However, he has an aloof nature and ridicules the rich and powerful, so he is not ranked first.He only worked as a county lieutenant and a teaching assistant in the Imperial College. [Note] ① Xiling Taoist priest: His Taoist temple and dharma name are unknown. ②Milk sinus sentence: refers to the milk spring water used when cooking tea.The dripping clear spring drips into the stone pool from the pores of the stalactites on the top of the cave.Lu Yu said in the "Tea Classic" when discussing the water used for frying tea: "For its mountains and rivers, choose milk springs, and those who flow in stone ponds go up." It is this kind of milk spring water. ③Green dust: powdered tea.It presents the "spring river color" of dark green and yellow. ④ Jianhua: tea name.Refers to the loose tea produced by the canyon stream.The whole sentence means that the natural fragrance contained in it will be released after decocting in milk spring. ⑤Mountain and moon sentence: The poet wrote the profound artistic conception of the old Taoist drinking tea on a moonlit night with ingenious brushstrokes: the bright moon that has just risen is blocked by the peaks high into Xiaohan, while the ancient temples, pine forests, flowing springs and other scenery are hidden. In the huge moonlight projection.We can only vaguely see the flames ejected from the blast furnace reflecting the moving figures of the old Taoist and the little Taoist boy; when the bright moon rises over the mountain peak and casts silver light on the pine crown, we still cannot see the slanting long shadows. The shadow of the moon, so it is called "Pine Shadow Nao". ⑥Xianweng: A respectful title for old Taoists. ⑦Huang Ting Jing: Taoist classics.There are two volumes: "Shangqing Huangting Inner Scenery" and "Shangqing Huangting External Scenery".Both books describe the principles of health preservation and practice with seven-character verses, which have been valued by Taoists and people who cultivate one's morality and character in the past dynasties. ⑧ Fragrance sentence: It is said that the precious tea is fresh and mellow, leaving teeth after drinking, and the sweet taste lasts for a long time. ⑨ Crane Heart: Refers to the Taoist practice of peace of mind and meditation.As a Taoist couplet says: "In the middle of the night, the moon is bright and the pine shadow is long, and there is a cloud and a wild crane heart." HS Yaoming: A place far away that cannot be seen. "Selected Works" Warring States Chu Songyu "Ask the King of Chu": "The phoenix strikes nine thousand miles upwards, cuts off the clouds, bears the sky, and soars above the darkness." Xie Meng's Advice ①Send New Tea The day is high, the five sleeps are heavy, and the general beats the door to startle Zhou Gong②.Mouth Yun advised to send the letter, and the three seals were obliquely sealed with white silk ③.Kai Yanwan saw the remonstrance and discussed it, and read ④ three hundred pieces of moon group ⑤.The son of heaven ⑥ has not tasted Yangxian tea ⑦, and the herbs dare not bloom first.The wind of benevolence bears pearl buds in the dark, and golden buds are drawn out in early spring ⑧.Freshly picked, baked, fragrant and wrapped, the essence is the best and not extravagant⑨.In addition to being the supreme being, he is with the prince, so he can go to the mountain family to HS whenever he wants?There are no vulgar customers in the chaimen gate, and the gauze cap HI halter is fried and eaten by itself.Biyun HJ attracts the wind and keeps blowing, while white flowers HK float and condense the bowl noodles.One bowl is only moist, two bowls are broken and boring, three bowls are boring, only five thousand volumes of words, four bowls of light sweat, all the injustices in life are scattered to the pores, five bowls of skin cleansing, six bowls of fairy spirit , I can't eat seven bowls of HL, but I feel the breeze in my armpits.Where is Penglai Mountain?Yuchuanzi HM took advantage of the breeze to return home.The group of immortals on the mountain descended to the soil, their status was high and high, and despite the wind and rain, Ann learned that the lives of millions of people fell on the cliffs and suffered hardships.From the admonition HO to ask the common people, do they have to rest in the end? [Lu Tong] 775? —835 Poets of the Tang Dynasty.Fan Yang is now from Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province, and Jiyuan is now from Henan.The family is poor, and the only companions are books.At the beginning, he once reclusively climbed Shaoshi Mountain, cynical and shy of the world, and stayed out of office all his life.Lu Shi's boldness and strangeness are highly praised by Han Yu.Han said in his poem: "Career is immeasurable, loyalty and filial piety give birth to nature." [Title Explanation] One morning, Meng Jian, who was the governor of Changzhou at the time, sent someone to Lu Tong with 300 pieces of tribute tea produced in Tanggong Mountain.This poem is Lu Tong's acknowledgment poem to Meng Cishi after tasting the "Yangxian tea" that can only be enjoyed by the emperor and princes and ministers.This poem was probably written in the spring of 812 or 813, when Meng Jian served as governor of Changzhou to supervise the production of tribute tea. [Note] ①Meng Admonishment? —823: The name is Meng Jian, with a few words.The county looks like Pingchang, Dezhou, which is now northwest of Shang County, Shandong Province.In the seventh year of Zhenyuan, Emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty, he was a Jinshi in 791.From 812 to 813 in the seventh and eighth years of Yuanhe, he was the governor of Changzhou.In the fourth year of Yuanhe (809), he ordered to pay homage to the doctor. ② General: Refers to the sergeant who delivers tea and letters.The author lives in seclusion, the sun is still high, and he was awakened in his dream by the sound of knocking on the door. Surprise Zhou Gong: "The Analects of Confucius Shu Er" records that Confucius dreamed of Zhou Gong.Later, he used dreaming of Zhou Gong as a metaphor for Yemeng. ③White silk sentence: Royal baked tribute tea, beautifully decorated, wrapped in white silk, and sealed in Indonesia to show its preciousness. ④Hand reading: It refers to the number of tea pieces ordered. ⑤ Yuetuan: Refers to the Tuancha in Tang Dynasty tribute tea, which is shaped like a full moon, so it is called "Yuetuan". ⑥Tianzi and Baicao two sentences: It means that the tribute tea produced in Junshan must be sent to Chang'an every year before Qingming to catch up with the "Qingming Banquet"; if the emperor has not tasted Yangxian tea, even Baicao would not dare to bloom first.In Tang Dumu's poem "Tea Mountain", he described the scene when the post envoys rushed to the capital to deliver tribute tea. ⑦Yangxian tea: the name of tribute tea in Tang Dynasty.Produced in Yixing County, Changzhou, Tang Dynasty, today's Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, Yixing was called Yangxian in ancient times, and it was the county name in Han Dynasty.Tanggong Mountain in Junshan Township.According to Ming Wanli's "Yixing County Chronicles": "Tanggong Mountain, that is, Chashan, is located in Junshan Township, 30 miles southeast of the county, and is adjacent to Fuhua River in the east. The mountain produces tea and was paid tribute in Tang Dynasty, hence the name." ⑧Renfeng, Xianchun: It is said that benevolence and virtue can reach far, just like the wind blowing away.Tang Taizong's "Shu Sheng Fu": "Flow the benefits in Yingbiao, and encourage the wind of benevolence outside the area." The sentences "benevolence" and "first spring" in the poem mean that the best tea is actually the birth of the bell spirit of heaven and earth, not just Human power.In Du Mu's tea poems, there is a sentence that "the mountains are beautiful in the southeast, and the tea is called the top of the grass".Early spring: refers to early spring. ⑨Excerpt from the fresh and the most refined sentence: "Not extravagant" is an irony, and it is actually a sigh: How much blood and sweat will the tea people spend on such a top-quality tribute tea, from picking and processing to exquisite packaging? ! HS supreme, what is the sentence: It means that every year the tribute tea is sent to Chang'an in the early spring. After recommending the ancestral temple and the emperor to taste it, it is the turn to reward those high-ranking princes and ministers. Why do I, a person who lives in the mountains and forests? Can you taste it too? HI gauze hat: The poet has no officials and is light, how can there be a gauze hat?This is the poet's self-deprecating joke, and he also pretends to be a hermit. HJ Biyun: It means that when the sencha stove is lit, green smoke rises up and blends with the clouds in the blue sky. When the breeze blows, the rising smoke clouds form a gentle arc, which is very beautiful. HK White Flower: In ancient times, there was a theory that the color of brown was more expensive than white, and tribute tea was the best among cake teas.When the tea is fried and divided into bowls, the tea soup will present a layer of milky white foam on the surface of the bowl.Lu Yu emphasized "Yuhua" when making tea.Du Yu said in his "Fu": "Weizi is just formed, the foam sinks and floats, glows like snow, and ye is like spring application." HL Seven bowls sentence: Since the Tang Dynasty, among the poems and songs about tea, the reason why this tea song by Lu Tong is the most famous and what people like to talk about most is the famous line that the poet sips "seven bowls".In particular: "Three bowls are exhausting, but five thousand volumes and seven bowls are not enough to eat, but the two armpits feel the breeze."This is of course the poet's artistic exaggeration.But in all fairness, Lu Tong's "seven bowls" sentence is not the first, but originated from the three-drink sentence in "Drinking Tea and Singing Cui Shijun" by Jiaoran, a Tang poet monk: "One drink makes you sleepy, and the feeling is bright and refreshing. , and then drink to clear my mind, suddenly like flying rain sprinkle the dust, drink three times and you will get the Tao, why bother to break the troubles." Jiaoran also has "Danqiu Yuren Qingyu in the poem "Drinking Tea Song to Send Zheng Rong" Eat, pick tea and drink to grow wings".Jiaoran's tea poems are about forty years earlier than Lu Tong's tea songs. HM Yuchuanzi: Lu Tongzhi's own name. HN The sentence of the immortals on the mountain: it is the finishing touch for the poet to address the current disadvantages.It expresses the poet's deep sympathy for the hundreds of millions of people who are "hanging on the cliff and suffering hard work", and makes a bitter allegory for the Tang royal family and the high-ranking officials and dignitaries.Fan Wenlan said in "Compendium of General History of China": Lu Tong "From the poverty of one person, he thought of the hardships of hundreds of millions of people. Han Yu's so-called "loyalty and filial piety" refers to this kind of thought in the poem." HO followed the two sentences from admonishment: The Tang court prepared two ceremonial edicts to worship Lu Tong as an admonishment doctor but failed.The verse says that if I obey my orders and take office to advise the doctor, I must dare to speak up and admonish the abolition of the tribute tea system, so that the exhausted tea people who are in danger of being overthrown can recuperate. In the gorge ①Taste tea The clusters of new flowers are extracted from the light ②, and the small river garden ③ is fried and tasted. Monk Wu said that Crow Mountain ④ was good, and the old man of Shu praised the fragrance of the bird's beak ⑤. It is slightly green when sitting in half a cup, and a few pieces are light yellow when it is opened. Lumen patients ⑦ don't go back, thirsty for wine, they know that the taste of spring is long. [Zheng Gu] The date of birth and death is unknown.The word Shouyu.Tang Dynasty poet.A native of Yichun, Yuanzhou, now Yichun County, Jiangxi.Xizong Guangqi three years 887 Jinshi and the first.From the official to the doctor of Duguan, he is called Zheng Duguan. [Title Explanation] The poet and his friends traveled together in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. During the stay in Xiaojiang Garden, a certain place in the tea area in the middle of the gorge, the poet wrote this beautiful tea poem impromptu while tasting river tea.In particular, the sentence "sitting in half the Ou is light and green, and several pieces are light and yellow" is poetic and meaningful. [Note] ① Xiazhong: In the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Xiazhou, the eastern road of Shannan.Xiazhou was a famous tea producing area in Tang Dynasty.According to Tang Dynasty Li Zhao's Supplement to the History of the Tang Dynasty, "Xiazhou has Bijian, Mingyue, Fangrui, and Zhuyu" Wait for four famous teas. ② Picking dew light: refers to picking tender tea buds with crystal dew before sunrise in the morning. ③Xiaojiang Garden: in the tea area of ​​Xiazhou. ④ Yashan: refers to Yashan tea.Produced in Xuancheng County, Xuanzhou, Tang Dynasty, this is Yashan, Anhui.Mei Yaochen in the Song Dynasty had a poem that "the poems of the Tang people in the past, the charm of tea and the elegant mountains are good". ⑤ Bird's beak: that is, bird's mouth tea.Produced in Jinyuan, Shuzhou, Tang Dynasty, it was one of the famous teas in Shuzhou in Tang Dynasty. ⑥ Sit and open the sentence: When the host invites guests to sit for tea, he only pours half a bowl of tea soup into each person's bowl; because when the tea is opened before frying, only a few pieces of delicate "light yellow" tea are taken out.This is as expensive as gold and jade, a rare top-grade tea; if it is a booze drink, it is definitely not a good one. The six characters of "light pan green" and "light yellow" are expressive pens.The Xiazhong spring tea presented in the tea bowl in front of the guests is tender green and fragrant, better than flowing clouds. ⑦Patient of Lumen: It seems to refer to Pi Rixiu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty.In his early years, he lived in seclusion in Xiangyang, which is now Lumen Mountain in Hubei Province, and he called himself Jianqibuyi and Lumenzi.Pi Rixiu was fond of tea. He once composed ten poems in "Miscellaneous Odes in Tea" with a preface, which he sang in harmony with Lu Guimeng. Tea Picking Song "Purple Bamboo Shoots Tea Song" The fragrant buds of Tianzhu ① are green and fragrant, and the rotten research is rustling through the bamboo strips ②. The prefect pity the savage ③, and the mountain boy crushes the moon ④. Yiyun ⑤ cooks with the sound of the spring, and animal charcoal sneaks out of the Qiuzhu ⑥ and spits it out. Looking at the sunny day and the early morning ⑦, the wind and rain are rustling in the tripod. Laocui ⑧ is ripe only under the fragrant dust, and when it is stirred, the sky is cloudy and green. Danshu ⑨ Sickness and wine are passionate, sitting opposite Minou HS before sleeping. Wash my chest and think clearly, and ghosts and gods should sing songs about their sorrows to become HI. [Qin Taoyu] The year of birth and death is unknown.The word is clear.Poets of the late Tang Dynasty.Jingzhao is a native of Xi'an, Shaanxi today.He was born in a poor family, and he did not come first.Try to be the judge of Shence Army.He entered Shu with Emperor Xizong, and in 882, the second year of Zhonghe, he was specially awarded Jinshi and rank, and was included in the spring list.Officials to ministers of the Ministry of Industry and other positions. 〔Note〕①Tianzhu Xiangya: Huoshan Huangya.Produced in Shengtang County, Shouzhou, Tang Dynasty, now Huoshan, Huoshan County, Anhui, a buried hill, also known as Tianzhu Mountain.Li Zhao of the Tang Dynasty listed "Huoshan Yellow Bud" as one of the famous teas of the Tang Dynasty in "Tang Guoshi Supplement".Today's Huoshan Huangya in Anhui is the best famous tea in the yellow tea category. ②Bad research sentence: It is said that the method of making "Tianzhu Xiangya" in the Tang Dynasty is close to the technology of "Graste Tea" which was first produced in the Southern Tang Dynasty. There have been improvements. The fresh leaves are shaped after the grinding process, and put into tea roasting for roasting. ③ Savage: This does not refer to mountain and field villagers, but refers to people without official positions, which is relative to the prefect who is an official in the court.This name is often seen in the Ci chapters of the Tang Dynasty. ④ Shan Tong sentence: Yan Shan village children use a tea mill to grind the round tea shaped like a full moon into fine powder for cooking and drinking. ⑤Six sentences from Yiyun: It is the scene of the boy carrying the tea making utensils, accompanying the poet to the bank of the mountain spring where the clouds are light and smoky, and drinking tea on the ground.It's really wild and interesting to sing and taste. ⑥虬〔qiu〕珠: A dragon with two horns is called Qiu.Qiuzhu refers to the fireball bursting out of charcoal fire, like a fire dragon spitting out beads. ⑦Looking at the sentence: It seems quite puzzling. Since it is sunny, why do you look forward to "early morning"?This is the poet's wonderful pen of "stealing the sky for the sun". The word "Yiyun" is a pre-made volt line. It is said that when the tea is being cooked, the clouds and mist are getting thicker and thicker. The eyes can almost only see the flames from the blast furnace, and the ears can hear the sound of the water in the cauldron boiling. It rustled like the sound of wind and rain.This is really a wonderful picture of tea cooking in mountain springs and clouds. ⑧ Lao Cui's two sentences: When the tea is boiled in the kettle, the bamboo chopsticks are used to stir it from time to time, so that the tea stem sinks and the foam floats. ⑨Danshu sentence: It means that the sending of letters was delayed due to drunkenness, and both alcoholism and letters are caused by temperament, so the two are sentimental. 10 Min Ou: The ceramic tea bowl produced for Jian Kiln is famous for its black color and dignified glaze color. Two sentences in the conclusion of HI: It means that drinking the fragrant buds of Tianzhu drove away the sleep demon, washed away the deep thoughts and boredom in the chest, and recited the poems that shocked the world and wept ghosts and gods. Tea The mountains ① are beautiful in the southeast, and the tea is called Rui Cao Kui ②. Although the talisman ③ is a vulgar official, the repair of tribute is also a talent ④. The stream stops at the end of the barbarian ⑤, and the flag Zhang Zhuo emerald moss ⑥. Liucun wears slim and slim ⑦, and the pine diameter is noisy ⑧. The grade is Yunfeng Jun, and the Kuanping Dongfu is open. Futian asked about laughing words, especially seeing the tower ⑨. The spring is tender and golden ⑩, and the buds are fragrant and purple. Worship day, Qingqi Ruobun Lei HJ. Wuxiu Lan invades moist, and singing valley answers. The sound of the chime HK hides the leaf bird, and the cloud shines on the plum in the lake. It's good that the whole family is here, and it's also for the imperial edict. The shade of the tree is fragrant as a tent, and the flower paths are piled up. The scenery is in March, and I have a glass of sorrow. It's hard to overcome HL when revisiting, and bow your head to HM into the dust. [Du Mu] 803-852, the word Muzhi.Jingzhaowannian is a native of Xi'an, Shaanxi today.An outstanding poet and essayist in the late Tang Dynasty.In order to distinguish him from Du Fu, people call him "Xiao Du".In 828, the second year of Emperor Wenzong's reign, he became a Jinshi.Zeng Guan Hongwenguan school secretary, supervisory envoy, Huzhou governor and other positions. [Title Explanation] Chashan is located in Changcheng County, Tanghu Prefecture, now Guzhu Mountain, Changxing County, Zhejiang Province. Located on the west bank of Taihu Lake, it is rich in purple bamboo shoot tea, which is listed in Lu Yu's "Tea Classics", which is called the top grade of tea.According to "Wuxing County Chronicles", in the middle of the Tang Dynasty, in 770, the fifth year of Dali, more than 30 thatched cottages were built in Guzhuyuan to make tea here.In 801, the seventeenth year of Emperor Dezong's Zhenyuan, Li Ci, the governor of Huzhou, thought that the courtyard was leaky and built a temple.Thirty rooms in the east corridor are used as tribute tea houses, which are dedicated to making tribute tea.According to the Tang system, when the first batch of spring tea is harvested in March every year, the governors of Hu and Changzhou will go to the tea mountain to supervise the repair of tribute.This poem "Tea Mountain" was written by the poet in the spring and March of 850 in the fourth year of Xuanzong Dazhong when he was serving as the governor of Huzhou. [Comment] Du Mu's poem "Tea Mountain" has certain historical value for understanding tribute tea in Tang Dynasty.The poet used more than one-third of the length to record in a realistic way a governor of the Tang Dynasty who, taking the opportunity of ordering tea repairs, went with his wife, son, lady, dancer, singer, music class and entourage. , boarding Gu Zhu, singing and dancing, feasting, entertainment and extravagant scenes.From this, it can be imagined that the fragrance of tribute tea is condensed by the blood, sweat and tears of the majority of tea people. [Note] ①Mountain: generally refers to the landscape of Taihu Lake that "breds Wuyue".It also refers to the beautiful peaks and mountains of Guzhu, which is on the verge of Taihu Lake. ② Rui Cao Kui: tea name.Produced in Yashan, Yaocun Township, Langxi County, Anhui Province.Since the Tang Dynasty, it has also been a court tribute tea.The poem cites this tea to praise Gu Zhu's purple bamboo shoots as the real top quality tea, and it is the leader of exclusive tribute tea. ③Analyses: It comes from "Hanshu·Gaodi Biography": "Swear an oath with the meritorious officials, iron coupons in Danshu, golden cabinets and stone chambers, and ancestral temples in possession."The talisman is made of bamboo, wood or metal, and the written characters are divided into two pieces, each holding one, and the two pieces are combined for verification when used.The allusion of dissecting talismans records that Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, divided the talisman festivals with them in order to encourage the heroes who jointly laid down the Han Dynasty, as a proof of their commitment.In this poem, it is interpreted as "Mingguan". ④ Immortal talent: Vulgar officials and immortal talents are the words used by poets to praise themselves.Does it mean that although he is a mediocre official who has been ordered, he is fortunate to be ordered to repair tea today, is it like a fairy sent by heaven? ⑤ Man Zhao: Man, originally generally refers to the ethnic minorities in the southwest, with contemptuous meaning; Zhao is a tool for rowing and sailing.Man Zhao is the pronoun of Taihu Lake Painting Boat, which is rowed and poled by boat girls in the south of the Yangtze River. ⑥ Zhuo Cui moss: It means that the attendants set up the ceremonial flags, tables and chairs of the governor of the state on the grass covered with fresh moss. ⑦Slender: This does not refer to the beautiful appearance of "my fair lady", but to the cloud.The Sixth "Flying Dragon" of "Cao Zijian Collection" by Cao Zhi of the Wei Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms: "You can visit Mount Tai in the morning, and the clouds and mists are graceful." This means that when Du Cishi and others entered Liu Village, Shuikou Town, the morning fog had not yet dispersed, and the guard of honor of the brigade seemed to pass through the clouds and mists. .It is called "wearing slim". ⑧闲豗〔hui〕 noise. ⑨Jianloutai: The six sentences from "Liucun" to "Jianloutai" are all sentences describing Gu Zhu's scenery and expressing emotions.At the end of the creek, the small village under Guzhu Mountain is hidden in the shade of willows. The quiet pine forest path, due to the arrival of the local governor's brigade, also broke the silence of the past. Men, women and children in the village are running around. Telling each other, there was an uproar inside and outside Liu Village. As far as the eye can see, there are undulating peaks and ridges, flowing clouds like smoke, and the Loutai Temple and Yanru Cave Mansion hidden in the clouds have also opened their doors to welcome distinguished guests.Seeing the scene, the poet was in love, so he looked up at the sky, waved his arms, and asked the blue sky with a smile: Ah, how beautiful!Isn't this the fairy mountain Qiongge in the world? 10 Golden Chung: Refers to Jinsha Spring.According to the twenty-first volume of "Huzhou Fuzhi": in the county: Changcheng County, Huzhou in the Tang Dynasty, which is now 45 miles north of Changxing County, Zhejiang Province, at the foot of Guzhu Mountain.In the Tang Dynasty, purple bamboo shoot tea was made from this water as a tribute to "Wu Xing Tong Ji".There is a green spring gushing out from the side of the tribute tea house in Guzhu Mountain, which is as bright as a golden star in Song Mao Wenxi's "Jinsha Spring". HI Zibi cut: Guzhu purple bamboo shoot tribute tea is made from tender tea buds that look like purple bamboo shoots, and the refined tea cakes are cut like purple jade.If it is decocted and cooked with Jinsha spring water, it is a rare tea treasure in the world. HJ Blessing, Qingqi: When the first tribute tea is made, the local governor who supervises the repair of tribute must submit a letter, and send Qingqi special envoys to travel day and night, and must be sent to Chang'an before the imperial court's Qingming banquet, for the emperor to sacrifice with tribute tea The heaven and earth ancestral temple can only be distributed to the close ministers later. HK Chime: The sound made by the monks in the monastery on the west side of the Guzhu Mountain Tribute Tea House when they chanted scriptures and knocked on the instruments. HL self-restraint: grams, grams period, self-expected. HM Bow the head: the original meaning is "bow the head and listen to the ear", "tame and obey the order"; here it is interpreted as "long sleep". The second sentence of the conclusion has a sad meaning, and the poet laments the impermanence of life.