Chapter 27 Chapter 3 Tea Saint Lu Yu Part 1-3

21. There is no doubt that the biographical document of the interpretation of the proposition of "The Autobiography of Lu Literature" was written by Lu Yu himself, and it can be confirmed that it was written in Huzhou. "Huzhou Fu Zhi" in the 11th year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1872) Aishan Academy's publication records Lu Yu's life and deeds, with ""Lu Literature Autobiography" written by Yu". The title of Lu Yu's "Autobiography" is titled "Lu Wenxue", which seems to be necessary to clarify doubts.The time when Lu Yu "worshiped the prince's literature, Taichang Temple Taizhu is not enough" was about 780-783 during the Jianzhong period of Emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty. Inferences made about the time of ".And this happened about twenty years after Lu Yu wrote "Autobiography".If Lu Yu is called "Lu Literature", it can only be after that.Based on this analysis, the title of this "Autobiography" should be "Lu Yu's Autobiography" or "Lu Hongjian's Autobiography" when it was finished.So, when and why was the word "Lu Wenxue" added?The greatest possibility is that after Lu Yu's death, his former friends added it when sorting out and publishing his remaining manuscripts.Therefore, the "Autobiography of Lu Literature" was still used when it was published in later documents, and it has been handed down to this day.

22. "Qingtang Bieye" and Junshan tea drinking and fishing Lu Yu left Huzhou between the first year of Zong Yongtai and the second year of Dali in the Tang Dynasty from 765 to 767. Carry out activities of visiting tea and tasting springs.Afterwards, around 777-778 in the 12th year of the Dali calendar, Lu Yu once built a temporary hermitage in Junshan. According to Zhou Gaoqi's "Dongshan Yu Tea System" in the Ming Dynasty: "Li Qiyun in the Tang Dynasty ② kept Changzhou Day, mountain monks entered Yangxian tea ③, and Lu Yu products were produced in the world, and they were available for the upper class. So the tea house was placed in the Huaxi River ④, to The branch of the lake is one mile away, and the offering is ten thousand taels. Xu Yougu's poem said, "Lu Yu is famous for the old tea house in the desert, but he taught Yang Xian to be busy with postal services." The mountain is called Chashan, and it is also called Gongshan.

It is adjacent to Fuhua River in the east.When paying tribute, Jinsha spring gushed out of the mountain⑤.Du Mu's ⑥ poem said that "the mountains are beautiful in the southeast, the tea is called the top of the grass, the spring is tender and golden, and the buds are fragrant and purple."The mountain is in Junshan Township, thirty-five miles southeast of the county. " The above quotations show that the Yangxian tea produced in Yixing Junshan in the Tang Dynasty became a tribute tea because Lu Yu suggested it to Li Qiyun, the governor of Changzhou at that time.As the number and quality of tribute tea in the Tang Dynasty required more and more quality, it caused a heavy burden to the majority of tea people.

Xu Yougu's two poems contain criticism and regret for Lu Yu's suggestion of paying Yangxian tea as a tribute.Lu Yu not only tasted Yangxian tea as "the fragrance of the world", he may also give guidance and assistance to Yangxian tea picking and processing techniques when he established a tea house in Fuhuaxi, Junshan Township. This is of course the reason why Lu Yu engaged in tea practice activities Required subject. When Lu Yu lived in seclusion in Junshan Township in the later period, his "friend who has forgotten his years" - Master Jiaoran tracked down the whereabouts of the priest, went to Junshan to visit him, and wrote "Xiyi Xingquan Mingfu ⑦ From Junshan to Jilu Chushi" Yuqingtang Bieye" poem:

·Response·Difficult·Jiu·Ci·rank, ·Temporary·Send·Jun·Yang·Hidden. I have seen the famous flowers of the county, and I will meet the fans of Wei's family. Originally looking for someone, I would rather look at bamboo quotations. There are many white clouds in the body, and the gate occupies the end of the spring mountain. The most rewarding thing is to have nothing to do, and the river is near the fence. According to "Huzhou Fuzhi": "Lu Yu's Bieye is outside the Qingtang Gate." It also quotes Jiaoran's poem "Xiyi Xingquan Mingfu Qingtang Bieye" as a footnote.However, Lu Yu's Bieye outside the Qingtang Gate in the capital city of Huzhou is far from the "Qingtang Bieye" mentioned by Jiaoran in this poem.After careful scrutiny by the author, it is because "Huzhou Fuzhi" mistook the "Lu Yu Bieye" outside the Qingtang Gate and the "Qingtang Bieye" in Jiaoran's poems as the same address, which caused many scholars in later generations to believe it. , which may require clarification.

One is, first of all, it should be clear what the "Qingtang Bieye" in Jiaoran's poem is talking about? It can be said that Jiaoran’s meaning in this poem is relatively clear: in order to find Lu Yu, he first visited the magistrate’s mansion of Quan County, Yixing County, Changzhou, and only then found out Lu Yu’s specific address in Junshan Township. Several people came to Junshan to look for Lu Yu, but they were attracted by the beautiful green and strange bamboo forest along the way.But he was finally led to Lu Yu's "Qingtang Bieye" by Xiuzhu. Jiaoran and others came to visit, and the old friends reunited. This made Lu Yu very happy, and entertained Jiaoran and other close friends with Junshan new tea.

And Jiaoran's poems were exactly the content of his conversation with Lu Yu at that time.For example, at the beginning of the chapter, it says: "Response · Difficulty · Long · Resignation · Rank, · Temporary · Residence · Jun · Yang · Hidden." These two lines of poems not only express Master Jiaoran's advice to his best friend - it is not suitable to be long Time lived alone; it also clearly pointed out that the "Qingtang Bieye" where Lu Yu was located at that time was in the sun of Yixing Junshan, beside the Fuhua River. In the poem, Jiaoran also said wittily to Lu Yu: Although the environment where you live is beautiful, the house is surrounded by white clouds, the door is facing the green hills, and it is close to the Diaoxi River. Just live here for a while!

The second is to press at Qingtangmen: "Huzhou Fuzhi" records, where is the "Lu Yu's other industry" outside the west gate of Huzhou Fucheng, which was also called "Qingyuanmen" in ancient times?According to research by scholars, its specific address is a place called "Qingtang Village" in the northwest corner of Huzhou City, near the Dongfeng Textile Factory in Huzhou City.Out of the city gate is a large stone arch bridge, named Qingtang Bridge, which has been demolished across the Tiaoxi River.There is a pavilion beside the bridge in the west of the bridge, the south of the pavilion is a stream port, and the north bank of the small port is Qingtang Village.In Tang Dynasty, it was a sparsely populated place.The reason why Lu Yu chose this place to build his first residence in the south of the Yangtze River is because it is close to the city, but also relatively quiet, with Qingxi mulberry and hemp, a pastoral scenery.It is more suitable for the secluded life that Lu Yu, the "Sang Zhu Weng" called himself when he lived in seclusion in Tiaoxi.

The third is that Lu Yu's other career was in the suburbs of Huzhou, which is also confirmed by Jiaoran's poem "Looking for Lu Hongjian but Not Encounter".His poem goes: Although the family moved with Guo, the wild path entered Sangma. The hedgerow chrysanthemum, which is a recent species, does not bloom in autumn. Knock on the door but no dog barks, wanting to go to the West. The report goes to the mountains and returns every day. The first two sentences of Jiaoran's five-character verse just point out that "Lu Yu Bieye" is not only close to the city "Dai Guo", but also close to the rural "Sangma".If you connect Jiaoran's poems such as "Collection with Li Shiyu, Li Banguan Collection, Lu Chushiyu's New House" and "Spring Night Collection, Lu Chushi's Residence Playing with the Moon", it is not difficult to see that Jiaoran is Lu Yu's living room in Qingtang Village. of regulars.In other words, this "Luyu Bieye" is quite close to Huzhou Fucheng and Zhushan Miaoxi Temple. No matter what kind of natural beauty there is, it is commonplace. There is a sense of novelty everywhere in the poem "Xingquan Mingfu Qingtang Bieye".

To sum up, it can be inferred that the so-called "Qingtang Bieye" in Jiaoran's poems is Lu Yu's visit to tea, tasting springs, fishing in the area of ​​Fuhuaxi, Junshan Township, Yixing County, Changzhou, or assisting Yixing Tea House to try out tribute. It can be speculated that Jiaoran’s poem was written after 775 in the tenth year of the Tang Dynasty. Because Lu Yu had already established a house in Qingtang Village, Huzhou at that time, he ingeniously recited the poem from Yixing, Changzhou. The temporary thatched cottage is named "Qingtang Bieye". 〔Note〕①Junshan: also known as Tanggongshan, is the origin of the tribute tea of ​​the Tang Dynasty——Yangxian tea.In Yixing County, Changzhou in the Tang Dynasty, Junyi Zuojunshan Township, thirty-five miles southeast of Yixing City, Jiangsu Province today, bordering on the Huaxi River in the east.

② Li Qiyun 719-776: word Zhenyi.Zhao Jun is a native of Zhao County, Hebei Province.Tianbao Jinshi.During the reign of Emperor Suzong, he served as the censor in the palace and Wai Lang, a member of the Ministry of officials.From about 765 in the first year of Emperor Yongtai to 767 in the second year of Dali, he left Changzhou and moved to Suzhou in 768 in the third year of Dali. ③Yangxian tea: the name of tribute tea in Tang Dynasty.Produced in Tanggong Mountain, Junshan Township, Yixing County, Changzhou, Tang Dynasty.Yangxian, the name of this ancient county is the ancient name of today's Yixing City.It was set up in the Han Dynasty and belonged to Kuaiji County, Yixing County in the Jin Dynasty, a county in the Sui Dynasty, and Yixing at the beginning of Taiping Xingguo in the Song Dynasty.The place has been famous for tea production since ancient times, so Yangxian is famous for its tea. ④ Fuhua Creek: According to "Huzhou Fuzhi", Fuhua Creek is located in West Bali, Changcheng County, Huzhou; in the east of Tanggong Mountain, 35 miles southeast of Yixing County, Changzhou, at the junction of the two counties.When the flowers bloom in spring, tourists compete.There is a painting pavilion in the river.Zheng Gu's poem in the Tang Dynasty said: "Guzhu mountain side county, the stream connects the rice paddies." ⑤ Jinsha Spring: According to "Huzhou Fuzhi": "Jinsha Spring is at the foot of Guzhu Mountain, forty-five miles north of Changcheng County. In Tang Dynasty, purple bamboo shoot tea was made from this water." There are green springs gushing out, as bright as gold stars. "Hence the name. ⑥Du Mu 803-852: The word Muzhi.Jingzhaowannian is a native of Xi'an, Shaanxi today.An outstanding poet and essayist in the late Tang Dynasty.Wenzong Dahe Jinshi.Zeng Guan Hong Wenguan school secretary, supervisory censor and other staff.Poem: It refers to the poem "Tea Mountain" written by Du Mu when he was appointed as the governor of Huzhou in 850 in the fourth year of Xuanzong's university, when he was ordered to repair tribute tea. There are four sentences in the quotation. 7 Quanming Mansion: In ancient times, the county magistrate's mansion was called Ming Mansion.Quanming Mansion refers to the official residence of Quan County Magistrate in Yixing County. 23. Participated in the compilation of "Yun Hai Jing Yuan" Lu Yu entered the shogunate of Yan Zhenqing, the governor of Huzhou, from the eighth to the ninth year of Emperor Zongli of the Tang Dynasty (773-774), participated in the large-scale anthology "Yun Hai Jing Yuan" edited by Yan Zhenqing, and presided over the daily work of the "Editorial Committee". According to Yan Zhenqing's "Inscription of Miaoxi Temple in Zhushan, Wucheng County, Huzhou" (hereinafter referred to as "Inscription"): "When Zhenqing was correcting his own classics, he was examining the rhymes determined by the ancestors of the Five Dynasties ①Sui Wai Shijun and Fayan②. Quoting from " Say Wen ③, "Cang Ya" ④ Books of various characters, poor in their explanations, followed by "Jing Shi Zi Ji" ⑤ Those who have more than two characters into a sentence can be compiled widely, so it is called Yunhai.Using its mirror to reflect the original, everything can be seen, so it is called the mirror source." According to "Inscriptions on Steles" and other documents, "Yunhai Jingyuan" lasted about 30 years before it was finally edited and revised in Huzhou.Zhenqing first entered the Department of Chinese Ci Xiuyi in 742, the first year of Tianbao, and was appointed as the school secretary in the Secretary Province. He began to research the rhymes determined by his fifth ancestor Yan Zhitui and the rhyme expert Lu Fayan in the Sui Dynasty, referring to Xu Shen in the Han Dynasty. He wrote "Shuowen Jiezi" and "Cang Ya" and other books on the ancient texts, and prepared to study their explanations and compile a new large-scale rhyme book. Before Huzhou, when Zhenqing served as the prefect of Pingyuan and governor of Fuzhou, he successively compiled the 500-volume manuscript of "Yunhai Jingyuan" with his clan brothers Yan Hun, Feng Shao, Gao Yuan, Zuo Fuyuan, Jiang Rubi and others.After Zhenqing served as governor of Huzhou in the seventh year of the Dali calendar, in the spare time of government affairs, he organized an editorial team with unprecedented scale and talents to participate in the school code and revise this large-scale rhyme book.Those who entered the editorial committee were divided into six batches, as many as 50 people.A group of talented scholars and eminent monks of the Tang Dynasty were gathered to participate in the general collation project of Yunshu. Zhenqing wrote in the "Inscription" when describing the activity place of the editorial team: "From the summer to the Zhou School and the Fangsheng Pond for daily discussions, to the winter to move to the east of the mountain." According to "Huzhou Fuzhi" Volume 18 "Yudi According to the records in "A Brief Introduction", the so-called Zhouxue is the Confucius Temple. "The 630 edict of the fourth year of Zhenguan: all the prefectures and counties will be Confucian temples, and they will be located in Zicheng, which is the old city of King Xiang in Qin Dynasty. It is 110 steps southeast of Huzhou Fucheng. It is also called prefectures."The Tang Fangsheng Pond was located under the Changmen in the southeast of Huzhou Fucheng until the Qing Dynasty, and its remains still exist.In winter, the editors moved to Zhaoyin Temple or Wen Pavilion on the bank of Tiaoxi River in the southeast of Miaoxi Temple on Mount Zhu, where they continued to proofread manuscripts. In addition, according to "Yudilue Zhouzhi" in Volume 25 of "Huzhou Fuzhi", Yan Zhenqing once built a new building for the compilation of "Yunhai Jingyuan". Sea Tower". "Yunhai Building" is located in the prefectural government and was built in 772 in the seventh year of Tang Dali.Until the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, its ruins still existed.In the Qing Dynasty, Wu Qi, the magistrate of Huzhou, was styled Fengnan, nicknamed Tingweng, and also known as Hongdou poet.A native of Jiangdu, Jiangsu.Gongsheng.He once wrote several poems, praising Yan Zhenqing's long career in compiling "Yun Hai Jing Yuan".Such as "The Preface to Spring in Jade Tower": Yunhai Building is in the county.Yan Zhenqing guarded the soil, and invited various famous scholars to write a book "Yunhai Jingyuan".Zhu Yu's paintings are grand and magnificent, and they are the grand sights of a county.I don't know if his book still exists today?Where famous people come, there is something to be said about it. How can there be no one who has heard of it for thousands of years, and those who are interested?As "Jade House Spring": Celebrities knew countless people that day, and this place was once a place to appreciate. The bead curtain is full of spring clouds, and the painted building has been rained several times. There is no master in the world, and one volume can be preserved for thousands of years. Who is more burning incense and sweeping the floor? I look forward to the return of the immortals to the Zifu. And "Zit Yunhailou Drunken Penglai Ci": The sea of ​​rhyme is newly refurbished, and the source of the mirror is old.The generosity of Shangshu's pen is a big festival for thousands of years.Several generations of dilapidated buildings, resting on the fence. And Master Jiaoran, who was the senior advisor of "Yunhai Jingyuan" at that time, said in the poem "Fengheyan Shijun Zhenqing Xiuyunhai Bizhou Zhongzhong Banquet": He studied in Gaonan County, and was granted the title of Sheng Lubang. Jiuyuan integrates Yunhai, and seven sons compile Wenjiang. Appreciate the clouds and return to the battlement, and leave the happy moon in the window. I don't know who to teach music, who will be with me for thousands of years. Lu Yu's position in the editorial committee of Yunhai is very prominent. In the list of editorial committees, the editor-in-chief is not included, and he is ranked second, while the first is Li Wei, who was a former palace servant and deputy defense envoy of Huzhou at that time. There are official duties, but in fact it is Lu Yu who is in charge of the daily work of the editorial team.This shows that Lu Yu's profound attainments and profound knowledge in the rhyme of ancient Chinese characters have won the appreciation of Yan Zhenqing, who is proficient in Sinology, and the support of the editorial board members.This is just as Jiaoran praised Lu Yu in a poem: "Brother Rong Zuotui, poetry makes friends." When Lu Yu was compiling "Yunhai Jingyuan", he often participated in banquets and joint singing activities hosted by Zhenqing.According to the records of Zhenqing's and Jiaoran's poems in the "Quan Tang Poetry", there are many poems such as "Shui Tang Sending the Scholar's Drama to Pan Cheng", "Youxi Pavilion Listening to the Double Sentence" and so on; Jiaoran's poems include "Feng Heyan Envoy Jun Zhenqing to repair the sea of ​​rhyme and complete the banquet in Zhongzhou", "Accompany Yan to envoy Jun Zhenqing Huangfu Zeng Xiting re-meet the sea of ​​rhyme", "Accompany Yan to envoy Jun Zhenqing to repair the sea of ​​rhyme and bid farewell to the literati on a boat in Dongxi" and other poems .These poems all truly record the grand events experienced by Lu Yu and other literati during the compilation of Yunhai.For example, some of the banquets and tours are large in scale and large in number of people, which are comparable to those of Wang Xizhi in Kuaiji Mountain in the spring of the ninth year of Jin Yonghe, where the curved water flows and the Lanting repairs.For example, in the autumn of the eighth year of the Dali calendar, twenty-nine people including Zhenqing, Lu Yu, and Jiaoran, visited Yanshan ⑥, two miles south of the prefectural capital, to enjoy a banquet, to compose poems together, and to gather together a group of sages and literati for the grand event in Huzhou. Lu Yu's most glorious act during the period of the Zhenqing shogunate was the "Sangui" pavilion he built in the autumn and October of the eighth year of the Dali calendar on the side of the Miaoxi Temple in Wucheng County. , also known as the "Three Wonders", has become one of the scenic spots in Huzhou.When building Zhushan Pavilion, Lu Yu once sent osmanthus and Zhenqing; Zhenqing gave Lu Yu a poem "Xie Lu Chushi Shi Zhushan folded green osmanthus to see strange things".His poem says: Qunzi traveled to Mount Zhu.Mountain cold sweet-scented osmanthus white. Catkin contains calyx.Collected from Bu Ke. Suddenly in vain rock poetry.Aromatic touchstone. Full height South Vietnamese beetle.Thank you Dongtang policy. Will enjoy the famous mountain period.Judging from the poetic flavor, this poem is regarded as before the completion of the "Sangui" Pavilion in the eighth year of the Dali calendar.At that time, Lu Yu was building a pavilion on Zhushan Mountain, and when he wrote Yunhai's "Qunzi" and returned to the state capital, Lu Yu folded the green laurel and sent it with a gift poem.When Zhenqing saw the green and shining leaves, the pink-white calyx in his mouth, and the blue-colored osmanthus that exudes a burst of fragrance, he was very happy when he saw Lu Yu's accompanying poem, so he presented a poem as a thank you "Guest" Yi Shi sent each other affection.He also appreciated the "Poetry in the Rock" presented by Lu Yu.Yan Gong also said modestly: As for the decision of Dongtang, how can we thank each other for the decision to build a pavilion in Zhushan?Will the feats you have achieved completely exceed the lush forests and bamboos on the mountain that seems to be synonymous with Zhushan in "South Vietnam"?And made an appointment with him and said that the time when we meet will come soon.When Zhushan Pavilion is completed and celebrated, I will definitely visit it. At that time, I will follow my steps and enjoy the stunning scenery of the famous mountain. The ancient large-scale anthology "Yunhai Jingyuan" edited by Yan Zhenqing took more than 30 years, and more than 50 literati worked hard one after another, and finally completed the editing and collation project in Huzhou in the spring of 774 in the ninth year of the Dali calendar.A total of 500 volumes or 360 volumes have been written, and "Song History·Yiwenzhi" has 16 volumes.Song people wrote "Yun Hai Jian Yuan" because of taboo.In addition to Qieyun, this book has 14,761 additional characters.At first, "Shuowen" was in seal script, and then in Jinwen official script, as evidenced by the juxtaposition of other styles.Then quote books from various families, and compile them into the rhyme according to the end of the sentence. , since the Tang Dynasty, the book has become a model of rhyme.For example, the annotations in the seal script of "Yongle Dadian" in the Ming Dynasty all originated from this book.It is a pity that this large rhyme book has been lost today. Today, 1,200 years later, we are able to know more about the compilation process of "Yunhai Jingyuan", thanks to Yan Zhenqing's "Miaoxi Temple Inscription".As the name suggests, readers think that this article must be about the Buddhist affairs of the monastery. In fact, the opposite is true. Apart from the history and scenery of Zhushan and Miaoxi Temple in the "Inscription", there is no writing on the Buddhist affairs of the monastery, but mainly records It is the creation of the "Sangui" Pavilion in Zhushan and the compilation of "Yunhai Jingyuan". In the "Inscription on the Monument" written by Zhenqing, Lu Yu won the honor alone.In the "Ming" text with less than 1,100 characters, the only one whose name is in three books is Lu Yu, the tea sage: one is that Lu Yu, the son of Jingling, wrote "The Story of Zhushan", which was described by Zhenqing in the "Ming" text. The history and scenery of Mount Zhu are quoted from "The Story of Mount Zhu". After Zhenqing remembered the matter, the inscription in the book said: Xia Zhu's tour to the south⑦.The name of the mountain is because of it. Liang Wang Dongkui ⑧.Temple list you inquiry ⑨. The shape is better than the sky ⑩.Scale innovation HI. Avoid other ancient HJ.Fishing Taichung HK. The shed is decorated with osmanthus knot HL.Pu by Huang Shen HM. Ergeng sent HN.Three gui bony HO. Line up the censor HP.Chuan Yiren HQ. Fenwu wrote the book RS.Qunyan Huizhen. "Yun Hai Jing Yuan".Since autumn and spring. Compile the same fish.Learning is like scales. Fortunately, remember to quote RI.Urgent times monk Zhen. Shusi sees Fu.Gold and stone are never lost. [Notes] ①Five generations of ancestors: Refers to Yan Zhitui 531-590 character introduction, Langxie Linyi is now a Shandong native. He is the fifth ancestor of Yan Zhenqing.His life experience ranged from three years in Datong, Emperor Wu of Liang in the Southern Dynasties to about ten years in Kaihuang, Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty.Zeng Liguan Liangzuo Changshi and Sanqi Shilang in the Southern Dynasties; Qizhong Shusheren and Huangmen Shilang in the Southern Dynasties; Emperor Kaihuang of the Sui Dynasty ordered him to be a bachelor of the prince.It is widely read, with beautiful words and classics. Shishan's "Zhou Guan" is "Zhou Li" and "Zuo Shi". ② Fayan: That is, Lu Fayan, a rhyme scholar in the Sui Dynasty.He once wrote the book "Qie Yun", which is divided into 193 rhymes with four tones.The characters of each rhyme are divided into voicing and voicing by anti-cutting, and follow by category.It is the ancestor of rhyme books. ③ "Shuowen Jiezi": written by Xu Shen in the Eastern Han Dynasty.The book was completed in 100, the twelfth year of Emperor Yongyuan of the Han Dynasty, with a total of 14 chapters. The combined narrative is 15 chapters.According to Shen Zi's preface, the characters are divided into five hundred and forty parts according to the shape and radical structure of the characters.Xiaozhuan is the main one, and variants such as ancient Chinese and Zhenwen are the most important ones.The meaning of the words is explained in six books.It has always been regarded as the school of primary school scholars. ④ "Cang Ya": refers to "Cangjie", "Erya" and other texts that teach ancient books.At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, some people combined the handwritten characters of Cangjie Pian, Yuanli Pian, and Bo Xue Pian into one book, collectively called Cangjie Pian, also known as San Cang. ⑤ "Jingshiziji": the proper name for the classification of ancient books.The ancient recorders prefaced the group of books, which were mostly divided into seven categories.Before the Tang Dynasty, there were: For example, Han Liuxiang's "Seven Strategies"; Jin Xunxu's "Zhongjing" was divided into four parts: A, B, C, and D; Qi Wangjian in the Southern Dynasty had "Biography of the Four Books of Yuanhui"; to "Suishu·Jingji" "Zhi" was divided into four books: "Jing, Shi, Zi, Ji".From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the "Siku Quanshu" was compiled, and they were all classified according to the "Jingshiziji". ⑥Xianshan: According to the records of "Huzhou Fuzhi", it is two miles south of Fucheng.His real name is Xianshan.Jin Taishou Yin Kang built a "Xian Pavilion" at the foot of the mountain. Because of Tang Zhongzong's famous name, he changed its name to Xianshan to avoid taboo.Note: Xian who see also.The head of the mountain is called "Seeing". As soon as you leave Ding'an Gate, you will see this mountain, hence the name.It is one of the scenic spots in Huzhou and a place for literati and refined scholars to have a feast.There are Fuyuquan and Wazun Stone on the top of the mountain, and there are strange trees and stones and other historical sites beside the water.There are many pavilions and pavilions in the mountains, and it is close to the city, so there is no time for tourists. ⑦ Xia Zhu: The ancient Xia Dynasty monarch.Lived from about the 21st century BC to the 17th century B.C., the seventh king of the Xia Dynasty, a slavery state founded by Dayu. ⑧ Liang Wang Dongkui: Kui, here is the meaning of state management.This sentence refers to Xiao Yan, Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty, who built Miaoxi Temple in West Jinniu Mountain, Huzhou before May 541, the seventh year of Datong.Dong Kui: It means that Liang’s administration of Buddhism in the Southern Dynasty has reached the east of Huzhou. ⑨Temple list You inquiry: list, number of cards, list of titles. "Song Shu·Wen Di Ji": The assistant officials of the prefecture and prefectures are also called ministers, please list all the sects. "You" is used here for long-term and long-term solutions; to inquire, to consult, to inquire. This sentence means that after the completion of the West Jinniushan Temple in Huzhou, Emperor Wu of Liang asked to set up the forehead of the temple in May 541, the seventh year of Datong. Because there is Miaoxi Buddhist Kingdom in the east, it was named after it. At that time, Yan Gong said that the inscription of Miaoxi Temple had a history of more than 200 years. ⑩Superior in shape: It means that Zhushan Mountain has a beautiful scenery, with emerald peaks and ridges, surrounded by streams, temples and pavilions, scattered among them, it is a natural and wonderful place, which makes tourists forget to return. HI-scale innovation: refers to the addition of the latest and most beautiful landscape to Zhushan after the completion of the "Sangui". HJ Bita City Ancient: It refers to the ruins of an ancient city between the foot of Zhushan Mountain and Tiaoxi River - Bisnake City.According to the "Inscription on the Stele": "Fifty steps from the northwest of Diaotai to the city of avoiding it. "Shuowen" says that it is also a snake. In ancient times, snakes were plagued by snakes. And I asked, is there no it? People who went to the ancients built the city to avoid it." HK Diaoyutai Mound: It refers to the Diaoyutai of He Kai, the prefect of Wuxing in the Jin Dynasty. Due to its age, it is now buried in the barren sand. The HL shed is knotted with osmanthus: it means that the osmanthus shed was created between the clusters of osmanthus in the northwest of the "Sangui" pavilion.Hundreds of steps to the left and right, there are fragrant forests and lush trees, all of which produce red, green and purple osmanthus, and the flowers and leaves are different. HM Puyou Huangshen: There is Huangpu Bridge 20 steps in front of Miaoxi Temple in Zhushan, and Huangpu Pavilion 50 steps south of the bridge. It originates from Huangbo Mountain, five miles southwest of Zhushan Mountain. HN Ergeng Tiaodi: It means that the Tiaoyu Erxi River flowing in front of Miaoxi Temple in Zhushan Mountain has a long history.Its two sources are both from Tianmu Mountain in the north of Lin'an County. For details, please refer to the section "Building a Lu on the Bank of Tiaoxi River in the Early Yuan Dynasty" of this book. HO Sangui Bone: It means that the "Sangui" pavilion created by Lu Yu is connected to the sky above and next to the stream, and is stored between the cliffs of Zhushan Mountain. HP Jinglie Yushi: It means that on the day of the completion of the "Sangui" Pavilion, Yuan Gao, the servant in the palace and the judge of Zhejiang West Observation, inspected Huzhou. Accompanied by civil and military officials, eminent monks, and literati, when they traveled to the "Three Kui", they once walked among the branch paths of the osmanthus sheds in red, green, and purple.Because of this, it is called "Censor Path". HQ Chuan Yu Yiren: 纡, the so-called bending and turning.This sentence means that this winding path that makes people walk among the flowers in the osmanthus shed was set up and passed down by Lu Yu, the hermit. RS Fenwu wrote the following six sentences: It means that a group of scholars gathered in Huzhou, and finally compiled, collated, and completed "Yunhai Jingyuan". RI fortunately quotes the following four sentences: As Yan Gong said in the "Inscription on the Stele", the reason why he wanted to write the "Inscription on the Miaoxi Temple" was because of the suggestion of the great virtuous monk Jiaoran: "Mount Zizhu is deep, and the group If there is no record of the collection of scholars, how can it show the future." Zhenqing wrote it in response to the request, and was able to create the "Sangui" Pavilion and compile the anecdote of "Yunhai Jingyuan". It will be handed down to future generations, and it will not be obliterated for thousands of years. 24. Create the "Three Kui" Tea Pavilion Lu Yu From the first year of Emperor Suzong of Tang Dynasty in the first year of Shangyuan in Tiaoxi Jielu to the middle period of Emperor Dali of Tang Dynasty, due to his honest character, he devoted himself to exploring Buddhism, poetry and rhythm, especially his profound tea Learning knowledge and superb tea cooking skills won prestige among officials, monks and laymen in Huzhou.At this time, Lu Yu not only formed a "friend of Zisu Wangnian" with the poet monk Jiaoran, but also won the favor of Yan Zhenqing, who had served in the four dynasties of Xuan, Su, Dai, and Dezong, and was the governor of Huzhou at that time. Appreciation and trust.Lu Yu was invited to join the Yan Governor's shogunate, and participated in the large-scale anthology "Yun Hai Jing Yuan" edited by Zhen Qing. He also participated in the poetry joint singing of dozens of people including Zhenqing and Jiaoran, and compiled ten volumes of "Wu Xing Ji", which became a grand event in the literary world in the middle of the Tang Dynasty.Lu Yu's most admirable masterpiece in Huzhou is the tea pavilion built next to Miaoxi Temple at the foot of Wucheng Zhu Mountain, which was designed and constructed by him and funded by Zhenqing; with the help of Jiaoran.Because the pavilion was completed on "Guichou year, Guimao month, and Guihai day", it was named "Sangui" pavilion. The "Sangui" Pavilion was built on October 21st, 773, the eighth year of Zongdali in the Tang Dynasty.Also, because of the inscribed plaque and poems written by Zhenqing Mobao, and the poems written by Jiaoran, which were created by Lu Sheng, they were also called "three wonders", which became one of the scenic spots in Huzhou at that time. On the day when the "Sangui" Pavilion was completed, a grand completion ceremony was held.Yuan Gao, the censor in the Shidian and the judge of Zhejiang West Observation, was inspecting Huzhou. Yuan Gao was reclusive in a group of literati and eminent monks such as Yan Zhenqing, Lu Yu, Jiaoran and other governors in Huzhou.Accompanied by officials and squires, they climbed Mount Zhu, visited the tea pavilions, sipped fragrant tea, and wrote poems to express their feelings.After the ceremony, Yan Zhenqing wrote a poem for the "Three Kui" Pavilion: Inscribed on the Guiting Pavilion on Zhushan Mountain, there is the Muzi Pavilion, and there are many secluded and secluded Mount Zhushan created by Hongjian.Victory is still a step ①. Although the former climbed.Stay and hate the morning and evening. And hereby wins the quotation.It was beautiful. ②Sangui Pavilion.It is actually born on land ③. Not beyond the abbot room.Actually meet in the sky. The majestic Xiuxiu.Looking forward to the ancient ferry ④. There are stones on the left and right.Low-ang cassia twig beetle ⑤. Mountain monks play apes ⑥.The nesting bird ⑦ comes to Hovenia dulcis. Looking down at He Kai ⑧ platform.Look closely at Dai Yong ⑨ Road. It was too late to download.Ming Shu of Xizhao Village. In his poem, Yan Cishi praised Lu Yu's exquisite design for creating "Sangui", and vividly described the surrounding scenery.Although the area of ​​the tea pavilion does not exceed the abbot's area, due to Lu Yu's ingenious conception and good use of the surrounding natural landscape, it constitutes a wonderful picture with well-proportioned heights and low levels and appropriate color shades: Xinting ancient temple, Xiuyan strange peaks; A secluded path; next to the stream, above to the sky.It's really a harmonious artistic conception, and it's wonderfully crafted.Such a "Three Kui" Pavilion naturally brings literati and refined scholars together to taste tea, talk and enjoy the scenery, and the tea culture of writing poems and expressing their feelings has reached an unprecedented sublimation, and it has an extraordinary artistic conception, which is really refreshing.This poem convincingly explains that even Yan Zhenqing and others who often travel to Mount Zhu are overwhelmed by the beautiful scenery of the tea pavilion, enjoying it to the fullest, and even lingering on it until dusk falls. Master Jiaoran wrote a poem on the day when the "Sangui" Pavilion was completed as follows: Feng Heyan envoy Jun Zhenqing and Lu Chu Shiyu climbed the Sangui Pavilion of Miaoxi Temple, which was created by Lu Sheng. There are many autumns in Xishan.Lie Cenying left times ⑩. The Three Guis and Three Guis of the Shuting Calendar: The year of Gui Chou, the month of Gui Mao, and the day of Gui Hai. Shuzhi HI is adjacent to Shisi Temple.Metamorphic HJ hidden trace. The first king from HK to HL.Zhu Zhen HM raises the leader HN. Whipweed HO Li Fangsui.The water capacity of the vertical building can hold HP. Forcing the sky to sweep Fengcui.A new environment. Things are far away.Yishi forgets the world. Help the cloud to get the true meaning.Fortunately, Jialin didn't cut it. Zen couple HQ is happy to shelter.Minister of Health RS has passed. Zuo You Qun Ying Cui.Longchi Ri is clear. Tiger Festival RJ to the deep.Just want to Shengding RK period. I don't remember it today. Jiaoran's poem, although the word "Fenghe" is crowned in the title, does not mean Fenghe's rhyme.The respectful speech here is to accompany Yan Gong and Lu Yu to the Sangui Pavilion.This poem was written on the day when "Sangui" was completed, and it was called "Three Wonders" at that time.And Yan Zhenqing's poem "Inscription on Zhushan Guiting Demuzi" was written when he visited the "Sangui" Pavilion on Zhushan Mountain for the second time.As one of his poems says: "There are so many secluded mountains in Zhushan. Victory is still a step. Although the former climbs, he stays and hates the morning and evening." These four poems just show that although Yan Gong inscribed a plaque in the "Sangui" pavilion, he has no poems. Fearing that it would become a pity through the ages, I revisited "San Gui" and wrote poems to express my feelings. In his poem, Jiaoran praised Lu Yu's creation of the "Sangui" pavilion for its exquisite conception and orderly layout. It has become a place where court officials, famous monks and scholars, and heroes gather. The poem records that on the day of the completion of the "Three Kui" celebration, a group of civil and military officials, famous monks, and celebrities headed by Yuan Gao and Yan Zhenqing visited Mount Zhu for an unprecedented time. grand occasion. Jiaoran also said quite humorously in the poem: The reason why I want to describe the scenic spot of "Sangui" in such detail today is that I am afraid that one day the period of "Shengding" will come!Even so, it is not a pity. "Shengding" is a Buddhist language.Refers to the "passed away" of monks.These sad verses have become prophecies. After several years, Jiaoran "passed away" in Huzhou, and finally entered the tomb tower he predicted. [Notes] ① 跬step: 跬〔kui〕, which means one move.In ancient times, people were called to walk. Lifting the foot once was called a limp, and raising the foot twice was called a step. ②Construction: It means that the structure is suddenly determined. ③ Lu Sheng: Lu Yu.This sentence means that the construction of Sangui Pavilion is entirely for Lu Yu to carry out tea learning activities. ④ Ancient Ferry: The Sangui Pavilion was built next to the Miaoxi Temple in Zhushan, next to the ancient ferry of Tiaoxi. ⑤ Guizhi beetle: beetle (du), "Lu Shi Chunqiu Dayu": "The tree is full of beetles." The poem means that the osmanthus flowers planted along the road are very luxuriant. ⑥Mountain monk: generally refers to family monks.Because most of the temples are built in the mountains and forests, so it is called.This sentence contains a metaphor for the monks of Miaoxi Temple.Ape: 〔you〕, black ape or long-tailed ape.Affection: the meaning of closeness. ⑦ Nest bird: generally refers to birds that live on trees. "Selected Works" Zuo Si "Ode to the Capital of Shu": "Nest with different birds." ⑧He Kai Terrace: He Kai Diaotai, under the cliff of Zhushan Mountain, on the shore of Tiaoxi River, can be seen from the "Sangui" Pavilion.He Kai, a native of the Jin Dynasty, was once the prefect of Wu Xing. ⑨Dai Yong 378-441: Zi Zhongruo, born in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty and early Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties.Shanqin and Gongshu. When visiting Wuxia, the local people built houses, gathered stones, planted forests, and opened holes for them to live in; Yong Nai described the main purpose of "Zhuang Zhou".Author of Xiaoyaolun.Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty failed in many conquests.Dai Yong Road: The road named after Dai Yong is next to Wucheng Miaoxi Temple. 10 Lie Cen: Cen, the mountain is small and high.Yingzuoci: It means that the pavilion is built on the right side of the mountain, and the left side of the pavilion is surrounded by towering and beautiful peaks. HI Shutoe: Trace. "Biography of Gao Shi": "Praise the Yimin, and the world pursues the toe." This refers to the footprints left by monks and laymen when they passed the temple and visited the Sangui Pavilion. HJ yuanhua: refers to the destination of human life in the natural world.The sixth part of Chen Ziang's "Chen Boyu Collection" and "Gan Yu Poetry": "The ancients obtained the immortal way, faith and Yuanhua merge." The word "Yuanhua" in Jiaoran's poem is quite Buddhist, and it is literally interpreted as However, the high-ranking scholars who come to visit the Sangui Pavilion today will one day be "yuanhua" without a trace. HK Shijun: The respectful title for the local governor.In the old days, the person who was ordered to go on an envoy was respectfully called "the envoy". In the Han Dynasty, the governor was called the envoy.Ancient Yuefu's "Sunrise and Southeast Corner Journey": "When the emperor came from the south, the five horses hesitated." After the Han Dynasty, it was used as a respectful title for the governor of the state and county. HL Gaozhi: Noble character or taste. "Three Kingdoms·Wu Zhi·Zhou Yu Biography" Pei Songzhi's annotation quotes "Jiang Biao Zhuan": "Qian Jiang Qian returned, saying that Zhou Yu's elegance is high, not words." "Book of Jin Ji Kang Biography": "Dongping Lu An, Fu Kang Gao Zhi, every time you miss each other, you will travel thousands of miles away." HM Zhu Zhen: Cut off the thorns. "Chu Ci Buju": "It is better to weed weeds than to use strength to cultivate." HN leader: a metaphor for beautiful trees. "The Book of Songs·Zhou Nan Han Guang": "Qiao Qiao's salary is wrong, and his words are clear." It was later extended to mean that those who have outstanding talents among their peers are called "leaders".The famous poet in the poem means that when the thorns around the pavilion are cut off, the newly planted flowers and trees will grow more beautifully. HO whipweed: It means that when the weeds are removed, the flowers will become more colorful. HP's six lines of bowing down to Yuanyun: it is a freehand pen for the environment of the "Sangui" Pavilion: the waves under the pavilion are flickering, and the autumn water is pleasant; the pavilion is soaring into the clouds, trying to stand shoulder to shoulder with the mountains; ; The quiet and elegant tea pavilion is integrated with the wind and smoke in the distance of Zhushan Mountain, which deeply captures the true meaning of creation.Visiting such a scenic spot can make people forget all the grievances and grievances in the world. HQ Zen monks: generally refers to Buddhist monks, this refers to the monks of Miaoxi Temple. RS Weifa and Zuoyou two sentences: It is a record of the time when civil and military officials headed by Yuan Gaodian's servant censor and Yan Zhenqing's governor, accompanied by celebrities and literati from all walks of life in Huzhou, went to the "Sangui" Pavilion of Miaoxi Temple in Zhushan grand occasion. RI Longchi: The name of the pool in Tang Dynasty, also known as Longqing Pool.It was originally located in the southeast of Chang'an County in Tang Jingzhao, today's Chang'an County, Shaanxi Province. The Ming Emperor Li Longji was the former residence of the kings.The well overflowed into a pond, later called Longchi. RJ Tiger Festival: One of the talisman festivals held by senior officials in ancient times when they traveled. "Zhou Li Local Officials" Palm section: "The envoys of all countries, the tiger festival when going abroad, the people's festival for the earth country, and the dragon festival for the country are all gold."Tiger Festival and Longchi are antithetical sentences, describing the long line of honor guards of officials who came to Zhushan to visit the "Sangui" Pavilion, sometimes hidden in the mist of mountains and mountains. RK Shengding: Sheng, originally the name of the mountain and the name of the county, both in present-day Zhejiang Province.The meaning of its characters can be interpreted as "the union of four mountains".Jiaoran used the "Shengding period" to mean that he suddenly thought that when he "passed away" one day, he might have to sit in a tomb tower with four sides close together and a mountain on top. 25. Tiaoxi Thatched Cottage and Lu Yu's New Residence Lu Yu came to Jiangnan from Tang Suzong to Dechu to Dalizhong. His temporary or relatively stable residence in Huzhou was successively Miaoxi Temple, Tiaoxi Thatched Cottage, or "Lu Yu's New Residence" It is called "Qingtang Bieye".There are about three to four places in total. 据《湖州府志》清同治十一年〔１８７２〕爱山书院刊本所载，湖州有一处胜境名为“苕溪草堂”。据此，亦有学者疑为，这所“苕溪草堂”即是陆羽当年隐居苕溪时的住所。但从皎然上人所作的两首诗来看，这所“苕溪草堂”并非是陆羽建造，亦非他人为陆羽而建。如，皎然在《苕溪草堂自大历三年夏新营洎到秋及春弥觉境胜因纪其事简潘丞述①汤评事衡②四十三韵》以下简称《四十三韵》，题序说明这所“草堂”是自大历三年７６８夏开始建造到第二年大历四年，７６９春，历经八九个月的时间才基本竣工，弥觉有境胜之概。 皎然在《四十三韵》，通篇都是讲他所以要建造这所“溪上草堂”，其目的只是为了“禅修”。如开篇即云：“万虑皆可遗，爱山情不易。自从东溪住，始与人群隔。应物非宿心，遗身是吾策。”诗中还有：“二贤兼彼才，晚节何感激。不然作山计，改服我下泽。”这说明潘述、汤衡二公在建造“苕溪草堂”时曾有建言和给予实际上的帮助，这颇令皎然生感激之情，因而赋诗投赠。 皎然在《题湖上草堂》诗中就说得更明白无误了，其诗云：“山居不买剡中③山，湖上千峰处处闲。芳草白云留我住，世人何事得相关。”诗意是说，他不愿到剡溪之滨山上去买一处隐居之所，却喜欢在这芳草萋萋、白云悠悠的苕溪之滨清修，可以“山中听经石，高僧诠公曰：学徒数块石，生公有通经石。竹生自萧散。云性常洁白，欲见羇世人。”见皎然《四十三韵》。 至于，陆羽在上元初７６０结庐于苕溪之滨时所居虽亦曰“草堂”，但不仅两处草堂在建造时间上相差九年７６０—７６９，而在地域上两处相距约有三十里之遥按：杼山在湖州府治西南三十里陆羽在苕溪之滨所结草堂是在乌程县妙喜寺与晋吴兴太守何楷钓台之间；而皎然建造的“苕溪草堂”在府城南。 皎然上人在东溪建造的这所规制宏大的“苕溪草堂”，同陆羽亦是有一定渊缘的。据今湖州杨君提供资料称：“唐肃宗大历四年７６９皎然的苕溪草堂落成。第二年邀请陆羽同住。 五年后，即约在唐大历九至十年７７４—７７５青塘别业落成，陆羽才有了自己的住宅。 " 陆羽在湖州建立自己新居的时间，在唐人的诗句中亦得到了印证。如，唐诗人皇甫曾于大历九年７７４访问湖州期间，在同颜真卿、陆羽、皎然、李嶀《七言重联句》中有两句赞誉陆羽的诗：“夜酌此时看碾玉，晨趋几日重鸣珂。”“鸣珂”是宅第的代词，“碾玉”，在此不只作碾茶解，而是作为茶艺表寅的代词。陆羽在湖州刺史颜真卿幕府期间，每逢盛饯宾友或宴请诸名士时，他往往在席间作“陆氏茶”的表演，以令宾友得尝他精心烹制的那独具韵味的香茗。皇甫曾是陆羽挚友皇甫冉之弟，亦同陆羽交厚。联句中的“看碾玉”，“重鸣珂”两句诗意是：今宵盛宴，欣尝君友亲手烹香雪；明朝有暇，再访贵宅聆听论茶道。诗句说明了这时陆羽已有了自己的宅院。如果这时陆羽仍在客居皎然“苕溪草堂”，皇甫曾在诗中是不会用“鸣珂”二字的。 据《湖州府志》卷二十五《舆地略古迹》载：“陆羽别业在青塘门外”。经学者考证，青塘门外的“陆羽别业”就是陆羽自至德初来吴兴十八年之后所建造的第一所住宅。在新居落成后，皎然、李嶀等曾前往陆羽新宅祝贺乔迁之喜，皎然有《同李侍御嶀④李判官⑤集陆处士羽新宅》诗： 素风千户敌，新语陆生能。 借宅心常远，移篱力更弘。 钓丝初种竹，衣带近裁藤。 戎佐推兄弟，诗流得友朋。 柳荫容客过，花径许招僧。 不为东墙隐，人家到未曾？ 皎然的这首诗，向人们展现了一幅层次分明，环境幽雅的陆羽新宅画卷：翠竹冉冉，垂柳丝牵掩甬道；紫藤缠绕，小径交错布花间。诗人还推崇陆羽素有千户难敌的古朴之风；其人格、诗品都深得友朋的爱戴与景慕；隐士今日虽身居新宅，但其心仍怀有宏远的夙志，并非图安乐而已。皎然在诗中还关切地说：不要只是当“隐者”，还应同乡邻们常常往来。 陆羽新宅落成，他总算有了属于自己的宅院，尽管是极为简朴的。这不仅结束了他长时间的寄居生活，使其访茶品泉，飘忽不定的生涯有了一个相对稳定的生活环境，而且有了一个可令其同名僧高士往来，赏花玩月，品茗赋诗的清幽之所。皎然有《春夜集陆处士居玩月》诗： 欲赏芳菲肯待晨，忘情人访有情人。 西林可是无清景，祗为忘情不记春。 皎然这首诗约作于唐大历十一至十二年７７６—７７７间，在某年春天一个风清月朗之夜，皎然等人前来访问陆羽的寓所，老友相聚，赏花玩月。皎然在诗中颇饶风趣地说：谁能说陆处士所居这西林小院没有清幽之景？我每天只顾诵经念佛，专心修禅，似乎已淡记了这桃李芳菲的美好春光啊。今夜，我这“无情人”佛家语，指僧侣来拜访你这“有情人”指世俗人；可是有些含苞待放的春花，仿佛要到翌晨才能开放，为了能欣赏这难得一见的名花，也只好牺阴守时，以待这良辰美景之到来了。 皎然的这首诗，从一个侧面反映出了陆羽在迁入新宅之后，时有高僧名士，故友新知前来与之交游——赏花玩月，赋诗清谈，品泉论茶，交流学识。 〔笺注〕①潘述：生卒年不详。湖州今属浙江人。曾任湖州长城今之长兴县县丞。与皎然唱酬甚密。代宗大历八、九年７７３、７７４在湖州，预撰颜真卿主编的大型类书《韵海镜源》，并参与真卿、皎然、陆羽等数十人的联唱，后结为《吴兴集》十卷。大历中曾应宏词科试未第。 ②汤衡：字里不详。大历间曾官评事，与皎然为友，有诗唱和。亦参预修撰《韵海镜源》。 ③剡中：即指唐时剡县今浙江省嵊县南，包括剡溪曹娥江上游在内的剡中山水。 ④李嶀：生卒年不详。字伯高，赵今河北省赵县人。唐肃宗至德元载７５６，客居清河县，献计于平原太守颜真卿，大破安禄山叛军，曾任殿中侍御史、卢州刺史等职。代宗大历八年至十二年７７３—７７７任湖州防御副使。参预修撰《韵海镜源》和真卿、陆羽、皎然等数十人的大联唱。 ⑤李判官：字里未详。判官：按唐制凡节度、观察、防御诸使均设有判官，是地方军政长官的僚属，佐理政事。李判官陪同湖州防御副使李嶀前来陆羽新宅祝贺，其时当为湖州判官。