Chapter 29 Chapter 29 Only those who tea keep their names

Chinese people drink tea again in recent years, and the long-sleeping tea culture has gradually recovered. The world has changed, and the sea has changed. When we explore the traditional tea culture, we find that the spirit of the Chinese hidden in the tea is mostly quiet and indifferent, pointing to nature, and also It is often a gesture of life.For thousands of years, tea has been gradually grown in the south and drunk in the north, and has been widely popularized, even crossing the oceans. However, the true love and willfulness of the tea room has not changed for a long time. How many heroes of the prosperous age or reckless heroes are like passers-by, and only those who drink tea leave their names through the ages fang.

The person who drank tea and handed it down is Shennong Yandi. Shennong tasted hundreds of herbs and poisons, and he was cured by drinking tea. There are various legends in folk and local chronicles. Shennong woke up and drank it with a refreshed expression, so he discovered tea, and he took tea to relieve it whenever he encountered poison.According to another legend, Shennong's stomach was transparent, and he could see the stomach and food in his abdomen. In order to observe the nature of various plants, Shennong ate various plants and observed their changes carefully.After eating the tea, I found that the leaf was like a broom, swirling in the stomach, cleaning the stomach and intestines, and people immediately felt comfortable, clear-eyed, and light as the wind. Shennong named this leaf tea .The imagination of the legend is no less than that of the legend, and it will not work if you refuse to accept it.

Lu Yu, a tea sage, devoted his whole life to tea affairs. He is a native of Tianmen, Hubei. He is an orphan. He was adopted by the eminent monk Zhiji of Longgai Temple in Jingling. "Hongjian lived in Lu, and his feathers can be used as a ceremonial instrument", so he chose two characters to define his surname as Lu, and named him Yu, with the word Hongjian. ("Literati and Tea", written by Chen Yu, Chinese Publishing House) When Lu Yu was young, he learned the skills of picking and brewing tea with monk Zhiji, and became very interested in tea. In the Tang Dynasty, tea became more and more prosperous, and literati and inkmen used tea to make friends. However, the tea in Tang Dynasty was different from today’s tea. At that time, the tea must be added with green onion, ginger, jujube, orange peel, dogwood, mint, and salt. Cooking, etc., mainly pay attention to its medicinal value. Lu Yu wrote "The Classic of Tea" and began to advocate the method of decocting and drinking.Lu Yu traveled to Huzhou, Zhejiang Province in the 14th year of Tianbao (755 AD) to study tea. Five years later, he lived in seclusion in Tiaoxi and wrote "The Classic of Tea". This effort has broadened the field of vision and injected many cultures into the "Tea Classic".

Lu Yu was obsessed by nature, and he refused twice to be appointed by Emperor Dezong of the Tang Dynasty. All his life, he was proud of going to the wild mountains and Xiongchuan alone, asking for tea, looking for water, boiling water for cooking tea, making friends all over the world with tea, and then reciting poems and writing essays.Therefore, when I visit many tea gardens in the mountains today, they all say that Lu Yu came here back then, took a teapot, boiled water and cooked tea, drank it very comfortably, never returned or praised his tea, but Lu Yu passed on "Tea Most of his poems and essays in his life are scattered and lost, so there is no proof. I feel that no matter where the mountains and rivers in China go, it is like trekking in Lu Yu's footsteps. Anyone who has tea traces is Lu Yu. Whenever he encounters this I feel ashamed secretly in my heart: no matter how I go, why can't I get out of Lu Yu?So I dare to ask the drinkers in the world, who can compare to the saint of tea?

Lu Tong, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote "The Song of Drinking Tea". His reputation is second only to Lu Yu. The old literati and poets, Gao Yin in the Ming Dynasty, all called Lu Tong the Asian sage of Mingzhong, and they liked to call himself Lu Tong. Presumably it was him. His humanistic care moved people. He praised tea and cared for the tea pickers: "Ann learned that millions of lives fell on the cliff and suffered hard work." However, Lu Tong's tea is famous far and wide, which may be due to his The "seven bowls of doctrine", the big bowl of tea Lu Tong, his pride and cattle drink, only Li Bai, a poet in the wine world, can compare. Lu Tong's seven bowls of tea are:

One bowl moistens the throat, two bowls are broken and lonely. Three bowls of search, only five thousand volumes of writing. Four bowls of light sweating, all the uneven things in his life, scattered to the pores. Five bowls of Muscle and Bone Clear, six bowls of Tongxianling. I can't eat seven bowls, but I feel the breeze in my armpits. Where is Penglai Mountain? Yuchuanzi, take advantage of the breeze to go back. ——"Drinking Tea Song" Drinking tea to such a sweet and refreshing state, Lu Tongming's status as a Zhongya saint can be done.Lu Tong is also known as Yuchuanzi. There is also Yuchuan Spring in Jiyuan, Henan, his hometown, which is the spring where he used to draw water to cook tea. Regarding this point, no matter how modern people drink tea, it is difficult for modern people to follow. .In the modern capital, apart from drinking water in Gujing Lane next to Hefang Street in Hangzhou, I only saw a well in Susan Prison in Hongdong County, Shanxi. The mouth of the well is round, and there are cord marks along the well, but the well is by no means good water.

In today's capital, drinking water comes from tap water pipes, and no one names a Tamagawa faucet.When I was living in Fengtai, I got a bag of top-grade West Lake Longjing, about one catty. I was so excited for a while, I wished to call half of the city’s Beijingers to share it, but Fengtai’s water is hard, and the West Lake Longjing brewed is not as good as jasmine tea. Jinghua No. 8 is fragrant, so I had to choose mineral water. I bought Xishan Lantai Mineral Spring. Coincidentally, the color and fragrance of the tea are excellent. Afterwards, I have tried several mineral springs, and only Xishan Lantai Mineral Water is suitable.Of course, there is still good water in Beijing, so you have to get it yourself. For example, walk up the mountain path from the Beijing Botanical Garden to Cherry Valley. There is a good spring there, which is suitable for making good tea.If you drive to the depths of the white clouds in Huairou and Miyun, there is also sweet and good water.

Fan Zhongyan, who wrote "The Story of Yueyang Tower", got the famous line of "worry about the world's worries first, and enjoy the world's joy after being happy". The bottle carries the cold water on the river. The green dust flies beside the gold, and the emerald waves rise from the jasper pot." A good sentence.Fan Zhongyan's contribution also lies in his vivid description of the grand scene of tea fighting in the Song Dynasty: I can clear up the turbidity of everyone, and wake up from the drunkenness of a thousand days. Qu Yuan tried to recruit the soul, but Liu Ling heard the thunder.

Lu Tong dared not to sing, but Lu Yu had to write scriptures. Among all the phenomena, how can we know that there is no tea star. The father-in-law of Shangshan, Xiu Ruzhi, and Mr. Shouyang, Xiu Caiwei. The price of wine in Chang'an has been reduced by one million, and the pharmaceutical market in Chengdu has no glory. It's not as good as taking a sip from the fairy mountain, Ling Ran wants to ride the wind. Don't envy the girl among the flowers who only fights grass, Win the jewels and return home. ——"Engaged in Tea Fighting Song with Zhang Min" Tea fighting in the Song Dynasty was considered to be a grand event since the history of tea. There are also many biographical expressions in the market, but they are not as grand and grand as Fan Zhongyan wrote. The Song Dynasty of tea fighting is gone. Today's tea The culture is still on the road to revival, which makes people nostalgic and close to the Song Dynasty. It would be a great pleasure to go back to the Song Dynasty and sing songs in tea.

When talking about tea, I think there is one person in the Song Dynasty that should be mentioned, and he is Qin Hui's great-grandson Qin Ju.It was already the Southern Song Dynasty, and one hundred thousand gold soldiers went south, wanting to go to the south of the Yangtze River and then go to Hangzhou.The Jin soldiers passed through Huangzhou and arrived in Luozhou. Li Chengzhi, the prefect of Luozhou, was retiring from his post. He was over 70 years old. At that time, Qin Ju, who was the general judge of Luozhou, commanded 3,000 tea merchants to defend the city against 100,000 Jin soldiers. In recent months, after the cowardly general Kaesong fled, the Jin army took advantage of the emptiness and captured Luozhou. Qin Ju immediately ordered his subordinates to set fire to the treasury. He changed into white clothes and trousers and jumped into the raging fire like a butterfly, dying in the line of duty. Very tragic.Luozhou City was destroyed overnight. Today’s Hubei Qichun County Normal School was built on the ruins of Luozhou Mansion. When I went there the year before last, I could vaguely discern the moat where wild lotus roots and Gorgon seeds grew.In the Song Dynasty, there were five major businesses that collected and transported tea, and Luozhou Prefecture was one of them.At that time, Qin Ju was in his forties, he was in the prime of his life, capable of both civil and military skills, because of the influence of old Qin Hui, even though he was talented and full of the heart of serving the country, he could only be judged by a minor official.Due to Qin Ju's resistance, Jin Bing lost the best opportunity to enter the south of the Yangtze River. The Southern Song Dynasty had a hundred years of peace and prosperity.Regarding the details of the Battle of Luozhou, there is a detailed record in the surviving wartime diary of Qin Ju's subordinates.

There is another interesting person in the Song Dynasty that cannot be omitted. He is Song Huizong Zhao Ji. This emperor is versatile. He wrote the next "Grand View Tea Theory" with a detailed description of tea crafts. The emperor wrote tea books. , he is probably the only one in Chinese history, and he also wrote a poem "Gong Ci": This year, there is no tribute tea in central Fujian, and Xianglong Wanshou occupies the spring buds. The treasure box was first opened and filled with new incense, and was distributed to the family of the Shiyuan government. The emperor said that this time he was going to enjoy the new tribute tea with the ministers. However, he monopolized the Jun kiln and designated the Jun kiln as an official kiln. He only made teapots and cups for him, and private collections were prohibited. Jun kiln porcelain, this way of playing is somewhat contrary to Mingyuan Qingjing, a little domineering, probably related to the prevalence of tea fighting in the Song Dynasty.To fight is to put the truth aside. Among the emperors, Kangxi and Qianlong were also fond of tea. Kangxi named a wild tea "Scaring Fragrance" Biluochun, so that Biluochun and its kneading process have been handed down to this day, becoming one of the top ten famous teas.Emperor Kangxi also took advantage of Biluochun, which made people drink Biluochun and think of him. It seems that the inscription is really important.It is said that Longjing tea was shaped into flat tea because Emperor Qianlong inserted book pages into flat leaves.Qianlong wrote many poems and essays describing Longjing tea. His observations are delicate and his writing is elegant, which is in line with his status as a cultured emperor.Emperor Qianlong's most commendable thing in Mingzhong was when he abdicated at the age of eighty-five, when an old minister persuaded him with tears in his eyes, the minister said: A country cannot be without a king for a day.Qianlong replied: You can't live without tea for a day.Of course Qianlong was a gentleman in tea. Tea originates from the south, and the "Tea Classic" states: "Tea makers are also the best trees in the south."One foot, two feet, or even tens of feet.Its Bashan gorge and river, there are two people hugging each other, and they cut and smash it.That is to say, the prosperity of tea started in Sichuan. After it spread to the north, the style of drinking tea and fighting tea among the aristocrats and royal families greatly helped the tea business, and made the ceramic industry flourish one after another. "Lugong roasted tea like Western Shu, and Dingzhou flowered porcelain cut red jade", but after all, tea originated from the green mountains and valleys, and it conveys the folk taste and the elegance of the world.Su Zi said: If you want to compare the West Lake to the West Lake, good tea is always like a beautiful woman.Since it originated from mountains and rivers, Fang Qing treats common people.Therefore, tea couplets in tea are widely circulated. The tea couplets of painter Zheng Banqiao are the best in tea. Most of his tea couplets are full of poetic and picturesque flavors, and most of them are about tea pavilions, which add a lot of flavor to the good tea. . "Drain the water from the river to cook new tea, and buy all the green hills to use as a painting screen." This couplet is inscribed in the River Tower in Jiaoshan, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu. "Sweep bamboo leaves to cook tea, chop pine roots and cook vegetable roots." This is a tea couplet in Tianshi Cave, Qingcheng Mountain, Sichuan.Zheng Banqiao's tea couplets also use tea to express their aspirations, or to express their emotions through tea: "Cabbage green salt grits rice, tile pot Tianshui chrysanthemum tea", "The mountains and rivers turn back to be the evening tide because of the morning rain", "Yellow mud Cooking tea in a small stove, learning beauty in a quiet window with white rain", "It's peaceful when it's not windy or rainy, and the green bamboo pavilion is good. I love the evening cool and the guests come. A pot of new tea is used to soak pineapples." I have never been confused in my life Zheng Banqiao said he likes bamboo. Doesn't he like tea more?