Chapter 30 Shennongjia: the home of life

one A white-crowned long-tailed pheasant landed on the alpine rhododendron as high as a person, the white withered arrow bamboos were like autumn reeds, golden-spotted beaked butterflies fluttered on the mountain lotus, and forest frogs croaked loudly in the gurgling stream. , small squirrels climbed red birch trees to play, macaques walked in groups in the bushes by the edge of the mixed forest, beside them were bright red fireacanthas, sycamores were blooming on the ground one by one, and the dolphins by the forest Tong opens white flowers like pigeons, and kestrels fly in the blue sky.The shallow, golden and soft sunshine shines endlessly on the boundless peaks of Shennongjia.

Distant, quiet, and transparent time, resting in the noisy Shennongding. In summer, a small bee called a good bee will land on the tip of a person's nose or ear. It is a carnivorous insect that catches smaller herbivores. Insects eat.In the dense jungle, vines strangle old trees, moss covers stone walls, bees buzz, butterflies fly, and large beasts flee to the depths of the forest to avoid human traces. The footsteps of human beings have arrived here and entered a long time ago. The Bashan fir forest with a height of 40 meters is lined with straight trunks. Fragrance, showing a kind of green crowding and chaos, only the dead trees burned to death by the thunder, its bark is mottled, the branches are broken by the wind, standing alone pointing to the blue sky.Some dead and fallen trees lie quietly in the forest. Beautiful fungi grow on the trees, and the trees are full of grass and shrubs.And the huge vines are the partners and killers of trees. The vines with a diameter of 100mm spread out the net-like branches to enclose the crown of the tree. The life-and-death struggle in the plant world is eye-catching and shocking!Rattans are often more powerful than tall trees, but some super big trees are not close to rattans. The huge canopy can deprive other plants of sunlight, which is a way for them to fight off the enemy.In the forest, plants compete for the soil to compete for sunlight, and the competition for sunlight is incisive and vivid.So in the dense jungle, the branches and leaves of the plants expand upwards explosively.

The battle continues.The unyielding fighting spirit shown by the plants in the depths of the years is thrilling. The large pieces of arrow bamboo in Shennongding are dead, and they look like large pieces of reeds, or Bamang.Arrow bamboos have lost their branches and leaves. They are about half a person tall, off-white in color, with tapered upper ends, and root together in flakes or clusters.The difference between live arrow bamboo and ordinary bamboo is only in size. Arrow bamboo is low and thin, with green leaves and flexible branches. When the wind blows, the bamboo leaves rustle.There may be alpine rhododendrons in the middle of the arrow bamboo, and their flowers have withered.The dead arrow bamboo did not fall down, but stood in pieces in the wind.

Arrow bamboo blooms and dies every 60 years, so it is rare to see a place where arrow bamboo grows on the entire mountain or in a group of mountains.The dead arrow bamboo forest will be a little messy, but it will not collapse, so it is also named: Shouwangzhu.It is said that the arrow bamboo in Shennongding blooms and dies every 110 years.Arrow bamboo grows in clusters, and then the mountains become flakes. Bamboos rely on their roots to weave huge root groups in the soil firmly and endlessly, intertwined with each other, and continue to expand. The firm root group of Arrow bamboo eventually becomes a big net. , driving other plants out of their territory.Arrow bamboos that bloom and set seeds do not fall after death, guarding the soil under their feet, and they look forward to the young arrow bamboos sprouting and growing.The seeds of Arrow Bamboo are like wheat grains. Mountain people pick it and mix it with rice to cook for pregnant women. It is very nutritious, but picking it is difficult and the harvest is not much.Before the arrow bamboo died, the seeds had been sown.Then, they have to stand upright for at least 5 years, and only when new bamboo grows, the dead arrow bamboo will crash down and rot into mud.Plants, when fighting for the land of survival, show all kinds of strange wisdom.Huge Arrow Bamboo forests, maybe one bamboo and several bamboos multiplying, they are constantly expanding their root system, giving birth to new shoots, multiplying new bamboos, in the bamboo forest, no other plants can survive, except the evergreen that grows there earlier than the bamboo Arbors and bamboos surround other plants in patches, and their movement of expanding their borders is endless.Bamboo is the softest and strongest plant, like Arrow Bamboo, they are less than one person tall, maybe this is their weakness, so the Arrow Bamboo group stubbornly chooses high mountains with an altitude of 2,000 meters, where they are enough to repel those with great growth broad-leaved shrubs and trees.

Bashan fir and alpine rhododendron will come to encroach on the territory of arrow bamboo. Alpine rhododendron grows more modestly. They cautiously explore the middle of arrow bamboo. The crown of the tree is higher than that of arrow bamboo.Bashan firs invade from the edge of the arrow bamboo forest, and their huge crowns are conical.In the mixed areas of alpine meadows and coniferous forests, plants still show a relatively tolerant state. They are at least silent on the ground, and only their roots in the ground enter a contest at any time. However, arrow bamboo can still guard its territory after death and resist Other heterogeneous went to encroach.When new flocks of arrow bamboo grow, the world takes on a new look.Maybe the pandas are running around for this reason. Whenever the arrow bamboos on a mountain group die collectively, the pandas will lose the food for survival, and they will start a new migration.This kind of pain of being away from home must have occurred in the mountains of Shennongding. Maybe the pandas will come back, maybe they will go away resolutely and never look back.

Alpine rhododendrons are divided into pink rhododendrons and hairy ribbed rhododendrons.They grow into small trees with ovate and thick leaves and dense and strong branches.Their pink flowers can easily be mistaken for camellias.Alpine rhododendrons will not let go of even stone cracks, they repeatedly look for open spaces, their height is not high enough for them to monopolize a certain plot, the bright flowers of rhododendrons bloom in spring, therefore, between coniferous forests and alpine meadows In the meantime, alpine rhododendrons hold up clusters of red clouds.It cheers like a peach blossom, shaking the spring breeze.However, in Shennongding, it is very easy to experience a cold spring. After a sudden spring rain and the temperature drops to zero at night, alpine rhododendrons, the first plants to bloom, have their flowers, branches and leaves frozen in the ice.As a result, the rhododendron becomes a crystal flower, shining brightly and charmingly in the spring sunshine.

Like all birch trees, the bark of red birch trees always falls off layer by layer. Red birch trees are tall and straight, and their height will reach 40 meters. This height is a portrayal of the height of the forest. Red birch bark can be made An excellent writing material, suitable for expressing feelings, but only in Shennongjia and Qinling Mountains can they be seen.On Shennongding, there are firm and straight ones accompanied by red birches, Bashan fir and Huashan pine. The branches and leaves of Bashan fir are more layered, and the branches are horizontally spread out. Especially on some mountain depressions, their upright posture is unmatched.The needles of Huashan pine are thick and short, sparse but hard and strong.On the top of the Gust Mountains in Scenic Ya, many plants still do not give up even an inch of land. There are also large Bashan firs on some peaks. They form a group and constitute a distant scenery. Only the goshawks are circling there.

Summer is the growing season here, the morning is cool and clear, the sky is light white, the breeze diffuses through the coniferous and broad-leaved forests, and the light mist begins to diffuse.Like the ever-new years, like the sweet lips of a lover, between the mountains and the sky, the red clouds are diffuse.Regarding Shennongjia, many Chinese and foreign scholars have come to look for its abnormal state, and try to enter the place where there is no human footprint so far, that kind of place accounts for a quarter of the forest area, the extreme virgin forest, and go there to find their dreams.Zhang Jinxing is a modern savage, he is a performance artist, he tries to fall in love with a female savage, this feeling leads to his life as a savage, he lives in a cave deep in the forest, grows beard and hair, and never takes a bath , to maintain the strongest human flavor on the body.This kind of human smell is a kind of smell information, which can exchange or communicate with beasts so as not to invade each other's territory.

The earliest scholar to enter Shennongjia was our common ancestor Shennong, also known as Emperor Yan. According to legend, he went to Shennongjia to taste hundreds of herbs and collect herbs to treat diseases for the people.But in the era of fishing and hunting, before the era of farming, food may be chosen more than medicine, but everything is speculation. Even if you walk into Shennongjia today, it is still a treasure house of natural medicine.It is said that tea was discovered by Shen Nong and was originally used to detoxify.You can still drink this kind of wild tea from Shennongjia, and in Qingtianpao, the hills where tea trees grow are extremely beautiful.According to legend, Shennong ate in the Burnt Valley, which means that the stone was burned hot, and the plant seeds were placed on the stone. The seeds were roasted and cooked, like popcorn.Human civilization should start with cooked food.

Human beings may have countless evolutionary dimensions. Shennongjia is still a world of oaks. Below 2,000 meters above sea level, it is the main broad-leaved forest of Lauraceae and Quercus. It makes the forest appear handsome and elegant.There are mountain waterfalls hanging on the cliffs, the eternal natural sound flowing in the mountain streams, and the lush green grass. Emperor Yan's vision of discovery can penetrate thousands of years, but who can see through Shennongjia?This grass and tree, containing the fragrant and beautiful hills?Looking for the abnormal state of Shennongjia, its mystery cannot be deciphered by people. It seems that people want to open its last door to read its most ordinary side.Red-bellied pheasants, white-crested long-tailed pheasants, and red-bellied pheasants are all easy to meet, and the chances of encountering monkeys are also very high. Large animals such as antelopes, muntjacs, and wild boars are not difficult to find if you enter the deep forest.But the investigators focused on goldenseals, albino animals, and savages.Scholars' desire for wildlings is at its height, and perhaps the light of wildlings overshadows the normalcy of the forest.How can the beauty of a cypress tree or a tulip tree be overlooked?Shennongjia, where plants compete with each other, and the endless competition of green leaves or roots show the most primitive war situation on earth.Here also the largest camp of participating species is presented.

The vegetation on Shennongding is the growth area of ​​alpine meadows, arrow bamboo forests, alpine rhododendrons and Bashan fir. On the vast alpine meadows, there is occasionally a Bashan fir growing vertically on the edge of a boulder or cliff. The illusion created by the ups and downs of clouds and mists is wonderful Variety.In summer, when the sun reigns supreme in the morning, the forest stretches toward the horizon like green velvet, clustered in clusters, and the spiky white flowers of the chestnut trees are like snow, permeating the large chestnut forest.Pyracantha clung to clusters of red beads and leaned against the stone, Torreya chinensis, Oak thorn, Eucommia eucommia, Phoebe, Ginkgo biloba, Big fruit green skewer, Maple golden thread, Beech, Yellow sheep, Akebia, etc. The branches and leaves of the trees make up the diversity of the forest, and they create the special aroma in the forest.These fragrances float in valleys and hills as the sun diffuses.The flowing water is clear, tinkling with a crisp metallic sound, through the forest and over the fragrant green meadows. In the afternoon, thick clouds of wild horses ran across the sky of Shennongding, and I didn't know which cloud belonged to me.The change of clouds, the dense wind, it shakes every leaf in the forest, and every little flower on the grass.The radiant sun retreated behind the clouds, so thunder and lightning flickered, ripped apart the sky, and rumbled loudly.Heavy rain, pouring down, huge and clear rain falls in the forest, rustling the leaves of the forest, like the sound of a dream piano.But on the Golden Monkey Ridge, raindrops fall on the mountain lotus leaves by the stream, and the sound of rain splashing cools and cools, creating a secret forest.Looking up at the sky, the canopy of the trees is so dense that no clouds can be seen in the sky, only the sound of rain and heart sounds resounding in the world.Standing on the Golden Monkey Ridge, in the breath of the forest, the mountain stream rushes down, the distant mountains are covered with clouds, and the wind whirls or rushes, shaking down the raindrops of music in groups. Heavy rain and light rain come on stage alternately. The fog created by the rain is endless and wafting. The tree fairy is in the fog, people are in the fog, time is in the fog, and those who love each other have a clear mind and coolness. At noon and afternoon, in the freehand scene of Shanyu, every tree is covered with tinkling gemstones, only some plums or forget-me-nots hold one shyly. After the baptism of Shanyu, the sun once again reigns , The forest is full of jewels for a while, reflecting the brilliance of the golden sun, the rays of light are inextricably linked, even the weakest grass is crying in surprise, and the singing of birds in the forest is more moist.Only the wings of the butterflies are dry, and they come out of nowhere and fly on the wet leaves.All the trees are singing, and the vines are climbing fast, and it makes everything feel that time is running out. The Golden Monkey Ridge Primeval Forest is one of the living and gathering places for golden snub-nosed monkeys. There are Sichuan golden monkeys and Yunnan golden monkeys.The Shennongjia golden monkey belongs to the lineage of the Sichuan golden monkey. This monkey has a strong body, a round head, blue facial skin, round and big eyes, raised nostrils, and a protruding snout. The whole body is covered with golden hair, only the top of the head and the tail. Dark brown, with yellowish hair on ears, chest and abdomen.Golden monkeys like to live in mountainous forests at an altitude of 1,600 to 3,000 meters. They feed on picking plant fruits, buds, and leaves. They also like to eat a kind of gray fuzzy fungus that lives on oak trees. This kind of fungus is very easy to see on the oak trees of Yanziya and Tianmenya, but many people don't know it as a kind of fungus. It has a name called cloud grass. Golden snub-nosed monkeys live in groups. Dozens of golden snub-nosed monkeys are climbing in the forest, and the branches and leaves move there. Their weight can reach 15 to 30 kilograms, and their life span is about 20 years. funeral.This is the last love expressed by the golden monkeys. When one golden monkey dies, the other golden monkeys go to find a piece of soft ground, dig out the grave, and put the dead golden monkey into the grave in a mighty way, digging up the soil to bury it.When burying the snub-nosed monkey, leave its tail on the ground and stand upright.The golden monkeys retreated to the tree collectively, observing the tail of the golden monkey, or there might be a gust of wind blowing the tail of the golden monkey gently, and the golden monkey jumped down from the tree, and quickly turned to pick up the soil, and re-buried the golden monkey in the soil. Dig it up to see if the dead golden monkey comes back to life.When they confirmed that the golden snub-nosed monkey was dead, they buried it in the ground again, but still stood up its dark brown tail on the ground like a banner. If there was a wind, they would still dig up the buried golden monkey... at least so repeatedly Three times, it was not until they saw the tail of the snub-nosed monkey standing motionless on the ground for quite a long time that they were sure that the snub-nosed monkey was really dead, and then they dug up the soil and buried the monkey completely in the soil, and the funeral was completed.In Shennongjia, Shennongjia, Qianjiaping and Longtan, there are communities of golden monkeys that cherish life.The tail standing upright in the wind always shakes the last cherished gaze. Banbiyan is the result of hundreds of millions of years of natural wind and rain. On Shennongding, the stalagmites of Banbiyan are tall and straight, with strange shapes. There are deep caves and stone gorge between the huge lying stones. Between this stone forest, trees It is relatively sparse, with a large area of ​​grass and bushes, which gives the slate a wider view.Even on the rocks, the trees have not completely retreated, and Bashan fir and Huashan pine still grow there. A broad-leaved herbaceous plant grows in the area of ​​Banbiyan, which is called Beng sesame. Pick the seeds of Beng sesame and hold them in your hands. When you feel the warmth of your hands, its shell will split open, and green seeds will pop out from the inside.Slate has a great many good bees, and they fly in groups or alone.The good bee is light, small and exquisite, and it expresses a kind of smart dream. two Shennongjia is known as one of the birthplaces of the Huaxia nation with 800 miles of strange mountains and mountains. This statement needs to be tested. Huashan is Huashan, Xia is Xiashui, and Shennongjia has Xiashui.Many times, speculation is the first driving force of scholarship, such as geological tectonics, and no one has been able to go back to the age of orogeny to watch the earth take shape.To the east of the Qinling Mountains and Bashan Mountains, Shennongjia on the northwestern plateau of Hubei, its geological structure originated from the intense magmatic activity of the Proterozoic, so it produced multiple metamorphic rocks and metamorphic volcanic rocks, and in the Lower Paleozoic and Proterozoic marine deposits Huge thick limestone, Dolomite, sandy rock and shale.It runs through the entire plateau in Northwest Hubei, and is the remaining vein to the east of Daba Mountain. It is in the direction of Shennongding, Laojun Mountain and Changling.In about 1 billion years, the seawater receded gradually, and on the fossil mountain in Yangri, there was a large-scale shellfish fossil layer.In Yanziya, the short-billed swiftlets that are still alive today are the only migratory bird groups that have become resident birds. Those beautiful swallows, their singing in the swallow cave is clear and confident. In the sun, the velvet under their wings is shining golden .The vicissitudes of life have provided human beings with unlimited imagination. Shennongjia is rich in water. Its rivers are the clear springs of life. They emerge from the depths of the white clouds, and the green velvet-like vegetation protects the coolest water system in the world.Or you can go north along the Yangtze River from the north of Xiling Gorge, and slowly walk along Shennong River. The clear stream flows with immortal tranquility and clarity. The beauty of the creek, they stepped onto another stage of history.From the perspective of geography, Xingshan County in Zhaojun Village is still a part of Shennongjia.From this, it is probably not abrupt to infer that Shennongjia produces both beautiful women and wise men.The beauty of Xingshan has fair skin, big eyes, and a clear and soft voice. This is a part of the forest. The Shennong River flows slowly. When looking at the Shennong River, the sun is full of warmth. From Muyu Town to Songbai Town, you have to go through Hongping Gallery, which is a canyon full of magical imagination. After reading the clear water and golden sun of Shennong Creek, walking in Hongping Gallery is like being bathed in a green waterfall, and the golden sunshine is in the gallery. Both sides are filled with green light waves, and the Yema River creates a small torrent. The 15-kilometer-long river has an 8-kilometer section of the hot water river. The steaming heat mist gives the gallery a miraculous illusion.The illusion is realized while walking, but when you stop here, you can really witness the broad-leaved mixed forest of the virgin forest or the primeval sub-forest, and those leaves are fresh and pleasant.Through the Qingtianpao and the three folded screens, you can read the most classic gorge in Shennongjia. A group of cows are walking leisurely on the road with metal bells hanging, or there are young goats playing on the side of the road, and squirrels are jumping on the super-dense branches. Green-tailed doves flew over the canyon in flocks and landed on distant hills. In Hongping Gallery, all imaginations are meaningless, the real scene in front of you is indestructible, and the fun of the gallery is the simplicity and exaggeration of the growth of trees.The cliffs made of limestone have been carved with ancient traces, and the eternal light of the sun is like a sharp knife.The latest time I traveled through Hongping Gallery was from Songbai Town to Muyu Town in one afternoon.The speed of the car was extremely slow and I was driving slowly. I really saw groups of golden pheasants walking along the road, and a golden swallow was flying alongside the car outside the car window. I don’t know what touched their leisurely mood. In an instant, I returned to the animal world.I imagine walking here in the morning light or sunset, the natural tranquility has been restored, or I can build a thatched hut to live on the gallery, the winding roads, the lush vegetation, this is the light of dreams. The trees on the cliff want to fly. In the dense forest, there are trees climbing on the sharp cliffs. The trees create a kind of artistic conception of a green cliff. The side of the mysterious primeval forest that can never be reached is placed in the Hongping Gallery. The green ideas are squeezed into the real space. Compared with the shallow water of the Yema River with pebbles exposed at this time, the thick environment of the green hills, and the plants presented Excitement and frantic competition squeezed the vast mountains. Compared with the layered ecology of Shennongding, Hongping Gallery is a broad-leaved world. They crowd out coniferous tree species to the difficult and dangerous mountaintops. Looking at the distant mountains, there will be a scene of sparse coniferous forests, but the trees growing on rocky cliffs , in the form of explosive green waves, the eternal waves aroused by the green leaves, endless and surging, make the wind escape from the long gorge, and stir up the storm.The magical Yema River, the 8-kilometer-long Wenshui River in the middle section, enlightens the dream of the gallery through thousands of turns.Trees are no longer important here. The world made up of countless leaves and leaves is chlorophyll erupting into the sky, or shouting strongly.The leaves change color according to the seasons, when the green tide of summer recedes, the red leaves peacefully dye the hills red in autumn.Blue sky and white clouds, gentle wind blowing, dark red, light red, bright red color patches distributed over the hills, light yellow leaves intertwined among them, still green pine and bamboo, forming deep color patches. Crossing the Hongping Gallery, this kind of walking is like going to Qingfeng Town, which has left the administrative area of ​​Shennongjia, a winding road on the mountainside, and a long river with blue ribbons at the bottom of the valley. Capture a ray of desolation.The Qingfeng Great Fault is also the site of the Quaternary Glacier, which was once a frozen snow country.At least today, the winter landscape still expresses the distant chill, which causes coniferous forests and evergreen broad-leaved forests, snow pressures green waves, and endless transparent icicles hang from the plain branches, the natural flavor, poetic flow and jumping . However, Hongping Gallery must be reserved for autumn, such as the golden color of ginkgo biloba, and the blood-red dripping red of sumac, or the bright red of Aceraceae trees, the red of triangular maple and ingot maple, the surging clouds and surging red waves, this autumn Love autumn, the sky is blue and white, the river is clear, the transparent wind whistles and passes through the gorge, standing quietly in the Hongping Gallery, standing quietly in a corner of the earth, creatures continue in the negation of negation, what needs to be commemorated is to look out , what stores memory is the peaceful mind.Autumn is also the season for planting seeds. Their seeds are ripe, and the fruits of their branches fall to the ground, into the mud, and into the crevices of rocks. Animals in the forest appreciate the ripe fruits most, so this is a joyous event. season of celebration. three From the exquisite microscopic scene of Tiansheng Bridge to the simplicity and nature of Songluo River, life can gaze at the creation of nature in every corner.The mountains are full of memories, and the love expressed by flowing water nourishes all creatures in Shennongjia, whether it is a giant salamander, a tiger frog, or an orchid.The exquisite Tiansheng bridge is between the flowing water, the stream bends and the water bends, the peaks rise and the mountains overlap, the green hills stay forever, the flowing water is always happy, the Tiansheng bridge is the nocturne of Shennongjia, and the Songluo River is the folk song of Shennongjia. In the Shennongjia forest area with a population of 80,000, the ancient banggu has been sung to this day. Songluo Township's "Cucumber Flower" is a forest love song.The singing of banggu leads people back to the depths of the forest where all living beings are carnival. When the mountain people sing banggu, he is facing the forest beasts. They use their singing to express their existence, magnanimity and fearlessness of the beasts, or to warn Greedy beasts, it is forbidden to eat and destroy crops.The rhythm of the Shennongjia Banggu is majestic but melodious, melodious and has a short rhythm. It is the singing voice of the primitive mountain people, so it must be enhanced by the strong sound of the percussion vessel. The Shennongjia Banggu is a cultural relic folk song. The ballads created by Chumin are always so simple, and they express some meaning besides directly expressing their meaning. Song Luo's "Cucumber Flower" belongs to understanding.A line of lyrics is misleading, "Pumpkin pumpkin eats gold melon". The affection of a young boy is expressed in the image of cucumber flower.The early people were in the middle of the forest. They lit bonfires and sang banggu all night. Its majesty and sadness condensed the historical memory of the coexistence of humans and animals.Banggu will be a historical witness, it echoes in Shennongjia virgin forest, a song that everyone must know. The gorge landform of the Songluo River is a unique style of Shennongjia. Its canyons bend back, the peaks are scattered, and the mountains all have peaks, many of which protrude strangely. The broad-leaved forest is lush and green, the summer sun shines peacefully and calmly, and the clear and clean mountains are dangerous and far away.On the hill, the chestnut trees are blooming with white flowers, and the cornfield on the hillside can be seen occasionally, and there are houses in the forest not far away.On the peaks of the Dolomites and Gust, the greenery stretches undulating, with many gaps and gaps between the peaks, and the canyon is silent, with occasional birdsong.The Songluo River was faintly visible, revealing some sections, shining with silvery white light. The Songluo River originates from the north slope of Motianling. The source is hidden deep in the Yingwo Cave. After the clear water flows out of the cave, it flows straight down to the south. The river course is 30 kilometers long and the altitude difference reaches 1,200 meters.It is like a standing river. After arriving in Songluo Township, there is a wide and flat section of Songluo River.Where the river is fast-moving, the snow-white spray is splashed, which decorates the river bed.Going to Shennongjia, climbing the top of Shennong, visiting Hongping Gallery, and watching Songluo River are three levels of aesthetics. There are ice caves on the Luohe Mountain in the Songluo River, which still have icicles in summer, and the ice in the ice caves still needs to freeze at a temperature of zero degrees, but whether a mountain can create sub-zero temperatures in the caves is still unclear.The entire gorge of the Songluo River can be regarded as a landscape. The miniature township government is at the bottom of the gorge. There is a kind of poplar fish in the river, which hides during the day and comes out at night, like a small green carp.However, the cucumbers grown here have a unique cucumber fragrance, and it is the most rare and good product. The altitude of Songluo is higher than that of Yangri, and the fossil mountain of Yangri has been sealed. The sedimentary rocks cover the years of the ocean age layer by layer. When one page is opened, the surface of the stone is covered with dense shellfish fossils.There are ancient trilobite fossils in Yangri Fossil Mountain, which record endless traces of life. The bottom of the sea 1 billion years ago, when the rock formations are uncovered, it seems that the sound of sea waves echoes.The mountains in the upper reaches of the Songluo River have a majestic appearance, the huge peaks are deserted, and only goshawks circle around loosely.The thick mountains are like Yingziya on Shennongding.Songluo River connects Guanmen River, Panlong Bridge, Panlong Rock, Bingdong Mountain, Songluo Water, Jiadao Gorge, Daojinzhong, Shanshuping... Motianling is a place that Songluo people regard as beautiful.There are Liudao Gorges on the Guanmen River, and the six gorges are Longtan Gorge, Changtan Gorge, Toudao Gorge, Yinshen Gorge, Zhucao Gorge and Xiaolong Gorge.The Guanmen River is an important river in Shennongjia. It originates from the Great Shennongjia, flows through Shennongding, Scenery Ya, Jinhouling, Laojun Mountain, flows from west to east, and traverses the Shennongjia mountain system. "Shennongjia Place Names" records that the riverbed of the river is located in a deep valley, and because the water flow is blocked by high mountains, it bends and twists, as if closed in a door, so it is named Guanmen River.The cliffs on both sides of Liudao Gorge are steep and the vegetation is verdant, and the mountain people maintain a long-standing custom.There are still monkeys, bears, muntjacs, badgers and other animals in these mountains.Only black bears are afraid of heat, and they hide in shady mountains in summer. The temperature in Shennongjia is related to the altitude. Black bears eat ants, insects and small animals in the virgin forests of the mountains. trees. The Guanyin River is located in Xinhua Township. It flows out of the Dazhang Gorge. The river bed is covered with colorful pebbles. The clear water flows leisurely, like a colorful river, connecting to the sky through the edge of the canyon.Going upstream from the Guanyin River, you can see a line of sky in Toudao Gorge. The trees on the top of the gorge are green and white clouds are blowing. The sunlight can reflect the inside of the gorge at an appropriate angle.The water flow from the Guanyin River to the gorge is turbulent, and people have to go around the gorge. The mountain roads on both sides of the gorge are covered by trees and grass, and the steep stone steps are full of dangers. Walk along the river and turn around the hillsides on both sides. Oak and camphor trees are extremely slender. There is a small pepper-shaped fruit tree with sweet and sour fruits, such as sea buckthorn, which grows in the crevices of the rocks by the water.The vines are entangled with the trees. In the area where the forest covers the riverbed, there is only the intermittent sound of crisp water. In the infinite sunshine, it cools down the summer of the Xinhua Great Fault together with the mountain breeze.The mountains turn and the river turns, strange rock-to-stone canyons, cliffs cut by knives and axes, the vegetation is like green velvet, and the mountains are crowded like pompoms. Everything is like the tender green of early spring, melting in the clear sunlight. The Xinhua Great Fault is a unique fault zone in Shennongjia. Its magical geological structure and deep fissures can never be smoothed over forever. They exist immortally on the earth. , alluvial deep pools.The traces of these years are as smooth as water waves.At Dazhangkou, the gorge turns steeply to the west. The gorge is narrow and looks like a dark hole, with the sound of water whimpering and the air-conditioning is oppressive.It is about 15 kilometers from the Xinhua Township Highway to trace the mouth of the gorge, and the Dazong gorge is deeper, and individuals can no longer enter.The Xinhua Great Fault is exposed in the east of Shennongjia. It is named because it passes through Xinhua Township. It is a north-northeast fault, extending at 20 degrees northeast. Extending southward through Zigui, Changyang and connecting with Laifeng fault, it is hundreds of kilometers long. A wide and intermittent fault zone arranged in geese. The fault cuts the Shennongjia Group, the Sinian and the Lower Paleozoic. The rock formations on both sides of the fault are broken, and the broken belt is tens of meters wide. There are hot springs exposed along the fault. Earthquakes occur from time to time, and this fault is still active in the near future. It is an active fault. This fault constitutes the dividing line between the Shennongjia fault dome and the Huangling fault dome. Fault, Moon Rock Fault, Anziya Fault, Lichahe Fault, Sankeshu Fault, etc., have the same fault properties as the Xinhua Fault. The notch on the earth is continued by several fractures. Bears, sheep and monkeys live in the mountains on both sides.There are native fishes, also called money fish, swimming in the river. They come out at night, and the forest frogs scream "bang bang" in the moonlit night.Therefore, the forest frog is also called "Bangbang".Exploring the Xinhua Great Fault, you will have a magical perception of life. In the mountains, above the water, in the forest and the changing situation of the activities of species, the soul will be thoroughly washed and the dust will be wiped away. Immortal are rivers, valleys, mountains and forests, sky and sun.