Chapter 24 "Table 1〕

"Table 1〕 Translator's words [2] The author of "The Watch", L. Panteleev, I don't know about his deeds.The records I have seen only say that he was originally a waif, but later he was educated and became an outstanding author, and a world-renowned author.There are three kinds of his works translated from Germany: one is "Schkid" (an abbreviation for "Dostoevsky School" in Russian), also known as "The Republic of Vagrant Children", which was written with Bilik (G. Bjelych) 〔4〕co-authored, there are more than 500 pages, one is "The Revenge of Kepnauri", which I have not seen; the other is this fairy tale novella, "The Table".

It is now based on the German translation of Ms. Einstein (Maria Einstein), which was published in Berlin in 1930.At the end of the volume, there are two pages of the editor's postscript, but because it is only spoken to German children, all elderly Chinese readers know it all, and the readers of this translation, I am afraid that most of them are elderly people, so It will not be translated later. When translating, the one that gave me great help was the Japanese translation of Makimoto Kusuro[5]: "Golden Timepiece".In December of the previous year, it was published by Tokyo Rakuin Academy.In that book, it was not stated whether he was based on the original text; but looking at the words of Fujimori Chengkichi [6] (see the first issue of "Literary Review" [7]), it seems that it is a retranslation of the German translation.

This is more beneficial to me: it can save me from bothering too much, and it can save me from constantly looking through the dictionary.But there are also differences between the two versions, and here is the German translation in full. "Golden Timepiece" has a translator's preface. Although it is aimed at Japan, it can also be used as a reference for Chinese readers.原It's here: "People say that there are as many snacks and children's books as there are in Japan, and I'm afraid there may not be any more in the world. However, there are many scary snacks and small books, but there are very few nourishing and beneficial ones. Very. So when people talk about good dim sum, they think of Western dim sum, and when they think of good books, they think of foreign fairy tales.

"However, the foreign fairy tales that Japan reads now are almost all old works, such as fading rainbows, wearing old clothes, and probably have neither new beauty nor new fun. Why? Because It is probably a book that the grown-up elder brothers and sisters read when they were children, even before their parents were born, and it was written seventy or eighty years ago, a very old work. "Although it is an old work, if you read it, it will be useless and tasteless, so of course you can't say it. But, if you read it carefully, there are only old works that are 'beneficial'. Taste'. This can be understood by comparing the previous nursery rhymes with the current nursery rhymes. In short, although there are ancient feelings, feelings, emotions and life in the old works, they are like modern new children. In that way, there is no one who sees the world of animals, plants, and humans with new eyes and new ears.

"So I think, for the sake of the new children, we must give them new works so that they can continue to flourish and grow towards the ever-changing new world. "From this point of view, this book must be liked by many people. Because such a novel, very interesting, and well-known work has not been introduced to Japan. However, this is a foreign book. Therefore, no matter how excellent the work is, it always only highlights the characteristics of foreign countries. I hope that readers will read this book with broad knowledge and noble sentiments while appreciating these characteristics, as if they were traveling in a foreign country. This book. I think your knowledge will be wider and deeper, and your spirit will be tempered by it.”

There is also an postscript to Akita Yuque, which is not important, so I will not translate it. When it is translated into Chinese, it is natural to think of China.More than ten years ago, Mr. Ye Shaojun's "Scarecrow" [6] opened a way for Chinese fairy tales to be created by himself.Unexpectedly, not only did it not change after that, but also no one was following it, but it was desperately turning backwards.Looking at the newly printed children's books, it is still Sima Wengong knocking on the water tank [9], and it is still tattooing on the spine of Yue Wumu King [10]; even "Immortals Play Chess" [11], "Seven days in the mountains, It has been thousands of years in the world" [12]; there is also a vernacular translation of the story in "Longwen Whip Shadow" [13].When these stories were born, not only the parents of the children had not yet been born, but even the great-grandparents had not yet been born. Then, one can imagine the "beneficial" and "interesting" aspects.

Before starting the translation, I did have a lot of ambitions.The first is to introduce this brand-new fairy tale to China for reference by parents, teachers, educators, and fairy tale writers; Kids can watch it too.However, as soon as I started translating, I hit a snag right away. I knew too little about the child's words to convey the meaning of the original text, so my translation was still uneven.Now there is only half of my ambition left, but I don't know what it is. Also, although it is only a fairy tale, it is often difficult to write down when it is translated. For example, translated as "not qualified", the original text is defekt, which means "not complete" and "has shortcomings".It is omitted in the Japanese translation.Now if it is translated as "bad", the tone is too heavy, so I have to fill it up like this, but I still feel that it is not appropriate.Here, Olle is translated as "cousin brother", and Gannove is translated as "head". [14] I checked several dictionaries, but I couldn't find these two words.I have no choice but to use the Spanish version for the first one, and the Japanese version for the second one. I am so perfunctory for the time being, and I hope readers can give me advice, and I will have great luck in correcting it.

Twenty-two small panels of illustrations, copied from the German translation.The author Bruno Fuk (15) is not a well-known painter, but two or three years ago, he was often seen painting for new works, probably as a young man. Lu Xun. ※ ※ ※ 〔1〕The Fairy Tale of "Biao", written by Bantai Layev in 1928, translated by Lu Xun from January 1 to 12, 1935; in July of the same year, it was published as a single edition by Shanghai Life Bookstore. Pantai Layev (C.QNFYIUIIJ), Soviet children's literature writer.Originally a waif, he entered a school for waifs named after Dostoevsky in 1921, and began to publish works in 1925.Author of the novels "The Shkid Republic" (co-authored with Berekh), "Table", "Documents", "Our Masha", and memoirs of Gorky, Marshak, etc.

[2] This article, together with the translation of "Table", was originally published in the first issue of the second volume of the monthly "Yan Wen" in March 1935. [3] "Schkid" Shkid (I]Pp), Russian "I]TUNc]TUN TX^YTIJX]TbTUBWH pFTJTXHPY "ImRn" means "a school for street children named after Fyodor Dostoevsky". 〔4〕Bilik (M.c.KIURn, 1907-1929) interpreter Berekh, Soviet film director and writer.The novella "Shikid Republic" (that is, "The School for Street Children named after Dostoevsky"), which he co-authored with Pantai Layev, describes the story of street children growing up under the Soviet regime.

[5] Makimoto Kusuro (1898-1956), whose real name is Kusuo, is a Japanese children's literature writer. He has served as a permanent director of the Japan Fairy Tale Writers Association, and is the author of "New Theory of Children's Literature", a collection of nursery rhymes "Red Flag", and a fairy tale "The Judge of the Kitten", etc. [6] Fujimori Chengkichi (1892-1978) Japanese writer.Graduated from the German Department of the University of Tokyo. He is the author of novels such as "Trouble in Youth", "In the Laboratory", "Sad Love" and so on.

〔7〕"Literary Review", a monthly Japanese literary magazine, started publication in March 1934 and ceased publication in August 1936, with a total of 30 issues. 〔8〕Ye Shaojun, courtesy name Shengtao, was born in Wu County, Jiangsu Province, a writer, and a member of the Literature Research Association.Author of novels and so on. "Scarecrow", a collection of fairy tales, was written between 1921 and 1922 and published by Shanghai Kaiming Bookstore. 〔9〕Sima Wengong knocked on the water tank Sima Wengong, that is, Sima Guang (1019-1086) of the Northern Song Dynasty, a minister and historian of the Song Dynasty, was posthumously named Wen Guogong after his death.The story of knocking on the water tank is recorded in "Song History Sima Guang's Biography": "Guangsheng was seven years old, and he was as awe-inspiring as an adult. A group of children played in the courtyard. One of them climbed on the urn, but his foot fell into the water. Everyone abandoned it. He just held the stone and hit the urn. When it is broken, the water will burst, and the child will live. Afterwards, Beijing and Luo will draw it as a picture." 〔10〕Yue Wu Mu King tattooed on the spine of Yue Wu Mu Wang, that is, Yue Fei (1103-1142), a general who resisted the Jin Dynasty in the Southern Song Dynasty, was posthumously named Wu Mu after his death. "Song History Yue Fei Biography" contains: "(Qin) Hui sent an envoy to capture Fei and his son to testify about Zhang Xian's affairs (according to "false accusation of Zhang Xianmou and return Fei soldiers"). When the envoy arrived, Fei laughed and said: "Emperor Empress Dowager, you can express your heart!" "At the beginning, He Zhuju was ordered, and the flying clothes were cast on the back to show the casting. There are four characters of "serving the country with allegiance", which are deeply rooted in the skin. "The story of "mother-in-law tattooing" widely spread among the people can be seen in Chapter 22. [11] "Immortals playing chess" can be found in the first volume of "Shu Yi Ji" (it is said that it was written by Liang Renfang in the Southern Dynasty): "Shishi Mountain in Xin'an County, Wang Zhi was logging there in the Jin Dynasty, and he saw a boy counting people playing chess and singing. Boys use one thing and quality, such as jujube stones.The quality contains it, and you don't feel hungry.Erqing Boy said, "Why don't you go?" "From the quality, the ax and Ke are rotten."After returning, there is no one to return. " [12] "Seven days in the middle of the mountain, it has been a thousand years in the world" See Ye Sheng's "Shuidong Diary" Volume 10 in the early Ming Dynasty: "The prince went to seek immortality, and the alchemy reached nine days. Seven days in the middle of the mountain, it has been a thousand years in the world." [13] "Longwenbianying", an old children's book, was edited by Xiao Liangyou in the Ming Dynasty.The whole book is written in four-character rhyme, each sentence has a story, and two sentences form a couplet by itself, arranged in the order of the prevailing rhyme. 〔14〕According to the "Letter to the Editor of the Translation" written by the author on September 8, 1935 (now compiled), the word translated as "Boss" originated from Jewish and should be translated For "stealer" or "thief bone". 〔15〕Fucker is Bruno Fucker, a German illustrator.