Chapter 46 1949

"Liezi and Buddhist scriptures" "Liezi" is a forged book, this has been established for a long time, and no one objects to it.However, when and who was the time and person who forged it, there is a lack of in-depth discussion.I found the story of "Book of Five Kings" in both "Lie Zi" and "Sheng Jing" translated by Zhu Fahu. There is no doubt that the former copied the latter. The time when the "Sheng Jing" was translated can be determined, so the time when the "Liezi" was forged can also be determined accordingly. The "Sheng Jing" was translated in the sixth year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (285), so the completion of "Liezi" would not be earlier than this year.As for the author of "Liezi", it is Zhang Zhan who plays tricks.

Mr. Hu Shizhi wrote to me and said: "The proof of the "Sheng Jing" is absolutely conclusive." A small vortex in the mainstream of the way out "Buddha and Buddha" When I first returned to Beijing, I didn't think about the issue of Tocharian at all, and I had already given it up completely in my mind.I happened to read "Recent Works on Hu Shi's Studies", in which there was an article about who came first in the Chinese translation of "Futu" and "Buddha", and I had an argument with Mr. Chen Yuan'an (Yuan) on this issue, and it seemed that both sides had moved some emotion.This immediately aroused my interest.The word ptkt in Tocharian comes to mind, also written as pttkt; the word is composed of two parts or characters, the first half is pt or ptt, and the second half is kt. kt is "God", the old translation is "heaven", pt or ptt is the Tocharian writing of Sanskrit Buddha.In the past, some people in China always thought that the transliteration of Buddha was "Futu", "Buddha", etc., and the word "Buddha" was just an abbreviation of "Buddha".However, in ancient Chinese translations of Buddhist scriptures, the word "Buddha" appears first, while "Buddha" appears last. It is said that the former cannot be an omission of the latter, but rather that the latter is an extension of the former.Then, the word "Buddha" should be said to be derived from the Tucharian script, because Buddhism did not come directly from India at first, but through the medium of the moon branch.With such considerations in mind, I wrote this essay "The Buddha and the Buddha".The text is not without difficulties.The corresponding Chinese word "Buddha" should begin with the voiced sound b, not the voiceless sound p.For this reason, I was quite troubled, and I especially asked Mr. Zhou Zumo to solve this problem for me.At that time, my vision was not broad, but it was actually "there is nothing in the world, and nothing is disturbing."It was several decades later that this problem was finally satisfactorily resolved, as recalled below.

Although the article was written, I was not confident.When I went to Tsinghua University to pay a visit to Master Chen Yinke, I read my thesis to him. He was completely blind at that time.He approved it and recommended it to the journal of the Institute of History and Linguistics of the Academia Sinica, which had the highest academic status at that time, and published it in the twentieth volume.