Chapter 4 wolf is coming

Let's start with a well-known story, and it's "Come on Wolf." This story has been passed down orally for many years, and it can be said to be well-known in China. It is one of the earliest and most impressive stories that most people come into contact with in childhood. The plot is so simple that it seems that it can be seen at a glance. analyze.And we just want to see some complexes hidden in the personality in a story that seems as simple as a blank sheet of paper. The story of "Wolf is Coming" is really simple. A child herding sheep on top of a hill.One day he felt very bored, so he had a whim, stood on the top of the mountain and shouted down the mountain: "Wolf is coming! Wolf is coming!" The busy people in the village at the foot of the mountain heard the shout and ran up the mountain with hoes and poles.But where there are wolves on the mountain, this is just a prank by the shepherd boy.The adults went down the mountain, and the child continued to herd the sheep day after day.

Another day, he shouted again from the top of the mountain: "The wolf is coming! The wolf is coming!" The people down the mountain heard his cries for help louder and louder. Come up the mountain.This time, the adults were still fooled, there was no sign of the wolf, and the shepherd boy and the sheep were safe and sound.The adults had no choice but to go down the mountain again. On this day, the wolf really came.The shepherd boy shouted for help on the top of the mountain, but no matter how loud he shouted, no adult came up the mountain.The shepherd boy and the sheep were eaten by wolves.

This is undoubtedly a story about the implementation of anti-lying education. The reason why it is widely spread is often explained from the necessity of moral education.However, we say that the reason why this story has such a strong vitality is by no means so simple.The soul-touching power contained in it has left an unforgettable impression on almost all children after hearing it. We often see strong reactions from young parents when they tell this story to their two- and three-year-old children.Children often open their eyes wide, looking up at their parents with reverie mixed with horror.At this time, parents will be fully aware of the effect of stories in shocking children's hearts.The parents stand majestically, while the children look up at the tall authority built by the story of "Wolf is Coming" with terrified eyes.

As long as you pay attention to your own psychological reaction to this story in childhood, or carefully observe the children's reaction when they hear this story, you will know that the power of this story does not lie in the terrible ending-far more than this terrible fairy tale. There are many, but far less than this story can touch children──but because it touches the deep conflict hidden in children's hearts. It can be said that every child has the urge to lie hidden in the heart of the shepherd boy. Although they are not necessarily aware of it, this story makes them vaguely aware that they have the same danger as the shepherd boy.

In human society, quite a few fairy tales are persuasive, telling children what to do and what not to do, and mistakes always bring corresponding punishments.For a distant mistake that is not easy to make, no matter how heavy the punishment is, it is not terrible.But for a mistake that is likely to be made from time to time and is often desired to be made, the punishment of "being eaten by wolves" seems shocking. The impulse to tell a lie and the punishment to stop lying are deep conflicts hidden in human beings since childhood. A true story in Chinese history is very similar to "Wolf is Coming". It is "You Wang Fenghuo Opera Princes" in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

The foolish King You of Zhou doted on his concubine Baosi, but Baosi never saw a smiling face all day long. King You asked, "Why don't you smile?" Baosi replied, "My concubine never smiles." Yuqing laughed." So he issued an order: "Whether you are inside or outside the palace, anyone who can make a compliment and smile will be rewarded with a thousand gold." Fearing that they would invade the bandits, they set up more than 20 Yandun houses and dozens of big drums under Lishan Mountain. However, some bandits set off beacon smoke and rushed straight to Xiaohan. Urge to come.In the past few years, the world has been peaceful, and the flames of war have all been extinguished.If my lord wants to enlighten the queen's teeth, he must play Lishan Mountain together with the queen, raise the beacon smoke at night, the princes will surely come to help, and there will be no bandits, and the queen will undoubtedly laugh. "

Regarding this plan to subjugate the country, King You actually replied: "This plan is very good." As the story progresses, "Eastern Zhou Dynasty" wrote: You Wang "is the same as the queen who drove to Lishan to play, and held a banquet at the Li Palace at night. At that time, Zheng Boyou was in the court, led by Situ, and was shocked when he heard his order. He rushed to the Li Palace and said: "Yantun was set up by the previous king to prepare for urgency, so he won the trust of the princes. Today, there is no reason to raise the beacon." , It’s playing with the princes. If there is no danger in the future, even if the beacon is raised, the princes will not believe it. What is conscripted to save the emergency?” You Wang said angrily: “Today’s peace, what is the conscription! I am traveling with the queen to the Li Palace. There is nothing for entertainment, just chatting with the princes for a play. There is something in the future, and you have nothing to do with you!' So he didn't listen to Zheng Bo's advice. He raised the beacon fire and beat the big drum again. The drum sounded like thunder, and the flames lit up the sky. Changed, one by one immediately led the troops to point out the generals, and rushed to Lishan overnight, but heard the sound of Guan Yu in the pavilion. King You and Bao Si drank and had fun, and people thanked the princes and said: "Fortunately, there are no foreign invaders, so you don't have to travel." The princes looked at each other. , rolled up the flag and returned. Baosi was upstairs, leaning on the railing to see the princes rushing back and forth, nothing happened, so she clapped her hands and laughed. King You said: "Aiqing smiles, and all kinds of charms are born. This is the power of the father of Guoshi. !' So I rewarded it with a thousand gold. So far, there is a saying that 'a thousand gold buys a smile', which is based on this."

Not long after, King You of Zhou was besieged in the city by enemy soldiers. At this time, it was the father of Guo Shi who said: "My king hastened people to raise the beacon on Lishan Mountain, and the princes will come to rescue the soldiers. If you attack from inside and outside, you will win. " King You followed his words and sent people to raise the beacon.The result is: "The soldiers of the princes come without a piece of armor. Gai was teased by the beacon fire before, and at the time he thought it was a fraud, so he didn't even have a soldier." During this war, King Zhou You and Bao Si were successively defeated by the enemy kill.

We saw a story that was exactly the same as "The Wolf Is Coming", and King Zhou You was punished as severely as the sheep-herding boy. King Zhou You's "raising the beacon fire" is the same as the shepherd boy shouting "Wolf is coming", it is an act of lying.The shepherd boy's lying is just to satisfy an impulse and obtain a kind of spiritual happiness; King Zhou You's lying is not for any practical benefit, but also to satisfy an impulse to lie, and to gain the enjoyment of smiling through lying pranks. The same psychological mechanisms are implied in fairy tales as in historical stories.The suicidal lying game between King Zhou You and Bao Si contains the same inner impulse as that of children.

King Zhou You's "raising the beacon" and the shepherd's boy shouting "Wolf is coming" belong to the child's lying impulse, so where does the child's lying impulse come from? Obviously, it comes from adult society. Telling lies is not always denied by human society, nor is it always severely punished.On the contrary, at some point, lying can Get a very high "reward" from human society.To a certain extent, lying is an eternal and inevitable phenomenon of human society. First, we see the existence of so-called "good lies". In order to help and comfort others, and for the benefit of the collective, "good lies" often exist: For terminally ill patients, they must use lies to cover up the truth of their illness; for others who need help, try their best to hide their own difficulties, Exaggerating one's abilities; in all places where sacrifices are required, using lies to cover up one's suffering and loss; a mother who is struggling to support the burden of life can force a smile every day, hiding her fatigue and illness... and so on "lying" Behaviors are called virtues by human society, and they are rewarded with high moral rewards.

Such rewards often go beyond morality and bring these people more complete success in life.People with virtue are praised, respected, admired, and taken care of by the society. The society will never add the word "lying", which has a very derogatory meaning in practice, to these people. But in fact, it is obviously a lie when a mother is full of illness and pain, braces her body to take care of her children, and says with a smile that she is comfortable.Such lies should naturally be rewarded by society.This kind of reward mechanism has been subtly input into the brains of young lives from the moment the baby is born: if it hurts when it falls down, it will be praised as "brave" if it hurts; Was praised as "brave". Much of the reward for virtue breeds good lying. Then we see the lying called "wisdom". In human society, all political, military, and diplomatic struggles are full of lying wisdom.Especially in the confrontational nature of the struggle between the enemy and the enemy, covering up the truth, creating false appearances, pretending to be east and attacking the west, and fighting with deceit are all large-scale and extreme lying acts.It can be said that the wisdom of fighting against the enemy is to a considerable extent the wisdom of lying, the wisdom of deceiving the enemy. For this kind of "wisdom", human society has not only never punished it, but rewarded it with high rewards.He became a brilliant victor in the war because he was not tired of deceit and fooling the enemy's lying technology. He not only enjoyed the victory, but was also called wisdom and genius by human history. The high reward mechanism for this kind of intelligent lying also permeates the lives of children.All the games of childhood, hide-and-seek, war, chess, and cards, use and encourage this wisdom.Quite a few children's games, as well as adults' entertainment, imitate war.It is one of the smart rules of these games to be willing to cheat.Covering up the truth, creating falsehoods, and fooling enemies is quasi-lying throughout the game.However, they are encouraged and nurtured for being consistently "rewarded" for victory. When a two-year-old puts his head under the covers and yells "I don't have any," he is already using this kind of intelligent lying in his play with adults.And when the mother pretended not to find him and searched here and there to herself, the child finally lifted the quilt and shouted triumphantly: "Here I am!" "Wisdom Lies Award". Of course, since ancient times, the wisdom of "soldiers never tire of deceit" in war has never been labeled with the derogatory term "lying". Then, we can talk about lying, which is generally called "lying". As long as lying is called "lying", it already has a moral criticism and a derogatory sense of speech.This kind of "lying" is very different. According to the judgment of human social morality, it can be roughly divided into two categories: A large category is lying that does not harm others and is purely self-interested.For example, in order to protect one's own privacy, to avoid certain entanglements, to reduce unnecessary troubles, to avoid some unwilling questions to answer, and to protect one's own freedom of action without hurting others' self-esteem, people may Casually replacing the truth with lies.This kind of lying behavior often brings some convenience to a person's survival and activities, which is what most people often do in life, and the convenience it brings is the greatest "reward". Purely self-interested lies permeate human society. Without this kind of lying, the interpersonal relationship in society will be much stagnant, and sometimes it will even be difficult to move forward.There are also punishments for this kind of lying, that is, when it is exposed, it will be considered as "lying", which will damage a person's honesty and credibility. The other big category is lies that harm others and benefit oneself.It has the nature of obviously violating the interests of others, and is often condemned by human society morally. This kind of lying behavior is also often highly "rewarded".Although this kind of "reward" carries great risks, the weight of the reward often attracts some people to take risks.In economics, politics, social life, family life, emotional life, in all areas of life, lying is a means for some people to make huge profits in life.The lie since ancient times is that some people gain wealth and passport to status. In the world of adults, the "reward" mechanism for lying, whether it is purely self-interested lying or self-interested lying, all stems from the immersion of human culture since childhood.Children enjoy the "rewards" brought by lying since childhood: they use lying to avoid the discipline and beatings of adults, fight for their own living space, and even bring them some praise and honor. Children's compulsion to lie is rooted in an adult society in which lying is "rewarded." However, human society must refrain from lying and advocate and maintain honesty and credit.Because the necessary honesty and credit are the basic conditions for maintaining social existence. The exchange of goods may be full of lies and deceit, but it is based on honesty and trust from the beginning.Social economic communication, political communication, and social communication must be based on honesty and credit to a certain extent.The connection of various interests should also be based on honesty and credit. A family, a group, and a whole can be maintained, and a certain amount of honesty and credit are needed as a foundation within them.For the ruler, whether it is the ruler of a family, a group, or a country, while he requires the ruled to be honest and trustworthy, he must also show a certain degree of honesty and respect. Credit. To put it more thoroughly, the reason why this world can be connected in a certain order is through psychological links.Whether it is an economic relationship, or a political, legal, family, ethical, or other social relationship, everyone has an identification of this relationship in their psychology.The necessary honesty and credit are the basic conditions for connecting all fields of society.Without this condition, all economic exchanges, cooperation and exchanges cannot be established, and all political, family, ethical, and social exchanges, cooperation, agreements and exchanges cannot exist.Therefore, human beings always emphasize honesty and credit in terms of morality, ideology, and law, and are always fighting against lying unremittingly. Society imposes severe punishments on deceitful acts that violate laws, political and economic rules, and morality.While lying may obtain high "rewards", it also contains a huge risk of being severely punished.The makers of lies may become the most miserable people, and the gallows and the moral criticism of the millennium may be waiting for them; but honesty and credibility may become a road to success and the highest reward of mankind. Therefore, the world of adults pours anti-lying education on newborn children. The direct benefit of anti-lying education is first of all to maintain the rule of parents: children are honest and do not lie, which makes it easier for parents to discipline and children are safer.The long-term benefit of quitting lying is to protect the long-term life interests of children.People with honesty and trustworthiness will be more appropriate in their future life, easier to be accepted by the society, and easier to succeed.The anti-lying education for children reflects a procedure for society to maintain its own order, and reflects that human society must be built on the basis of honesty and credit to a considerable extent. The most powerful means used in anti-lying education are nothing more than two: one is to give high rewards for honesty; the other is to give severe punishments for lying.In a sense, harsh punishments tend to be more powerful. The story of "Wolf is Coming" vividly presents the image of this severe punishment in front of children. If the shepherd boy wanted to tell a lie, he would be eaten by wolves.The child's dormant urge to lie faces harshly punishing wolf minions.As a result of this exhortation, on the one hand, the impulse to lie must be suppressed; on the other hand, precisely because it is suppressed, it may become an inner conflict.In most cases, the urge to lie is effectively suppressed; in a few cases, it may actually increase the excitement of adventure: in the face of the danger of being devoured by wolves, lying adds the meaning of "tasting the forbidden fruit". Like some grown man, his whole life has been risked not only by the act of lying, but by lying for the sake of risk. For the story of "Wolf is Coming", our analysis goes far beyond this. The sheep-herding boy shouted "Wolf is coming", not only showing the general impulse to lie of children, but also a special complex, which is to exchange the created dangerous state for the attention of adults. This is a mental pattern that many children may develop from an early age. Since a child was born, it has attracted the attention of adults because of crying.He cries when he is hungry, cries when he is uncomfortable, cries when he is in pain, and cries when he is sick, so he receives double care.The result of this reward mechanism is that any child showing distress will attract the attention of adults. Further development, any bullying, injury, danger, or bad luck encountered by children will attract the attention of adults. In this way, we will see how this pattern shapes personality in life.Many people have used this pattern since they were young. He consciously or unconsciously uses his own illness and suffering, and uses his sympathetic encounters to attract the attention of the world. The sheep-herding boy is a typical example of this psychological model.He was alone on the mountain herding sheep, day after day, the world of adults never had time to take care of him.Once one day he shouted "Wolf is coming" and made people think that his life was in danger, the whole adult world took action, and the tide gathered towards him.When people all over the mountains and plains rushed here with shoulder poles and hoes, the little sheep herding boy must feel very happy. In life, we can see both the general manifestations of this complex and the abnormal manifestations of this complex.From time to time, in the archives investigated by the psychiatrist, we can see some young men and women declaring suicide again and again, which shocked their parents, family members, relatives and friends, and even the entire environment associated with them.He rejoiced in the care, comfort and friendship that came like snowflakes, and at the same time he survived peacefully. It wasn't long before, when he felt ignored by society or forgotten again, he would utter similar cries again.This is very similar to the behavior of the shepherd boy. Some people spend their entire lives creating stories of pain or danger for the attention of the world around them.This is a child's wishful thinking, this is the complex of a shepherd boy. Seeing this clearly, we can see that quite a few behaviors in society are repeating the story of the shepherd boy.They shouted "Wolf is coming" on the lonely and forgotten hills, longing for the care and care of the society and their relatives.We often have to throw a tolerant and ironic smile at these shouts. The people at the bottom of the mountain heard the cry of "wolf is coming" and ran up the mountain, and the shepherd boy successfully became the center of attention.What's next in the story?Naturally, the adults felt fooled.The shepherd boy clapped his hands and said with a smile: "There are no wolves, I'm just joking with you!"The adults became angry and sighed, and then they could only scatter down the mountain panting and helpless.At this time, the mentality of the shepherd boy can be imagined.Especially when he repeated his old tricks, we clearly saw his prank face. It is necessary to put into perspective the thrill of mischief that fools and drives the world. In Zhou Youwang and Baosi, we also see the mischievous pleasure of fooling and driving the world.This kind of mischief is a typical childish impulse. When a one or two-year-old child plays hide-and-seek with an adult under the quilt, "fools" and "drives" the adult, and laughs triumphantly at the adult's exclamation, he has already begun to form this deep-rooted complex in his heart.It is adults who hand over the right to fool and drive themselves to children, and it is in children's games and fantasies that children form the stimulating and pleasurable impulse to fool and drive the adult world. However, there is a law in human society. As long as children's behavior exceeds the age limit of children and is brought into the world of adults, they will be severely punished for their absurdity. The shepherd boy is still doing children's games, but when he faces the wolf-infested valley and herding sheep on the top of the mountain, he is already in the position of an adult, so the child's pranks are affected by the adult's position. He received the severe punishment of being eaten by wolves.Zhou Youwang and Baosi also moved a purely childish prank into the world of adults, and their reputations were ruined. When we open our eyes and scan society and history more broadly, we find that quite a few historical figures are repeating the pranks of Sheep Boy and King Zhou You.Some emperors and heads of state who fool and drive the people on a large scale in the world, many of their seemingly grotesque behaviors beyond common sense have the complex of sheep-herding boy and King Zhou You. The pranks that can be fooled and driven by adults in childhood can be laughed at and tolerated by adults. Once they are amplified and reproduced in the adult world, they will cause many bloody social turmoil. Historians will make various economic, political, social, and cultural analyzes of these social upheavals, and will also make similar analyzes on the representative figures in the great upheavals. , and possibly a childhood prank complex rooted in his psyche. In the story of "Wolf is Coming", we see four impulses hidden deep in the hearts of children. The first is the urge to lie.This impulse is rooted in the entire human social culture, because everyone's social, family, and educational environment is different, and the impulse to lie varies from person to person. Most people may be within the normal range, and can correctly bid farewell to the game environment of childhood after adulthood, can Able to deal with their own words and deeds rationally according to the needs of life and the rules of society.However, there are also some people who still maintain a strong urge to lie after adulthood. This urge combines with the social environment in which they live, absorbs the stimulation and temptation of various information, and eventually forms a personality that is keen on lying. Some people live a life of lies almost all their lives.Whether in economic activities, political activities, or general social life, interpersonal communication, or even in marriage and emotional life, he is always used to fabricating lies, constantly patching up old lies with new ones, And never tire of it. The essence of lying is deceit, and the deception of words will naturally extend to the deception of behavior.Stealing, deceit, and every other kind of deceit in economic, political, and social behavior may be the way of such a person.Not to mention in social behaviors such as politics and economics, but only in emotional life, it is not difficult for us to find that some people live in lies all their lives.His entire emotional life experience is piled up with lies; without lies, his emotional life system will collapse in an instant. The second, from childhood onwards, may harbor not only the urge to lie, but also the urge to lie and taste the forbidden fruit at the risk of punishment. This is a more insidious impulse, often manifested in deformed, severe degrees, and one of the rarer types.This type of person may be an "adventurer" who commits all kinds of foul acts, not only taking risks by lying, but lying to a certain extent by taking risks.They seek the thrill of desperation in all kinds of lies and deceptions, which control their souls like addictions. The third type is the impulse and complex hidden in the mind since childhood to create personal crisis situations to attract the attention of the world. This kind of impulse and complex is within the tolerance and understandable range for most people.For some people, it becomes deformed and sick, tormenting themselves and their families, and in severe cases, it may also harm the society. The fourth is the prank complex formed in childhood to fool and drive the world. For most people, this kind of complex is quickly put aside as a child's play psychology as they grow older. At most, when they meet the right conditions, there will be one or another vague and gentle feeling that will not cause the world's strange revelations and emotions. Performance.However, for a few people, it may become a strong complex that prominently affects life and behavior.When he was an ordinary person, this complex was frequently manifested in the pranks of teasing others in his life; once he became a powerful person, the classic story of King Zhou You's "Jifeng Playing the Princes" would happen. The above four impulses and complexes, especially the latter two, are the unique impulses and complexes of the sheep-herding boy. It summarizes all the psychological reasons for the sheep-herding boy to shout "Wolf is coming". The wolf complex". The story of "Wolf is Coming" seems simple, but it is not so simple.