Chapter 32 Today's interview with People's Daily Online

People Netchat [Moderator]: Hello, everyone.Mr. Kong Qingdong has come to the cultural forum.Our interview is about to start.Welcome to actively ask questions. [14:47] Kong Qingdong: Friends, good afternoon!It is a great pleasure to come to People's Daily Online to "shake hands in the air" with everyone. [Netizen]: Many readers have reported that there are only a few articles in your masterpiece, and most of them are childish and shoddy. So, what do you think? Kong Qingdong: I admit that I am "childish in writing".Compared with "mature", my writing is naive, saying that my writing is "shoddy" production, a little criticizing me is too harsh, my writing is guaranteed not to be fake, not bought from others, not fake All of them were made by me in my own home.Therefore, I am willing to accept such criticisms and reminders. I want to prevent fakes and correct childishness.

[Netizen]: There are some comments that it is the culmination of your study of Jin Yong. After that, will you continue to study Jin Yong? Kong Qingdong: I dare not say what it is a "comprehensive work", I can only say that this is a "cluster work" of my articles related to Jin Yong so far, because the significance of this book's popularization is greater.From an academic point of view, the gold content is not very high. It is to transform academic research into a language that the public can accept, to face a wider audience of "gold fans" and readers. Let me talk about my personal opinion Some views of Jin Yong.After this, I am not sure whether I will continue to study Jin Yong.Because my major is not to study martial arts novels, but to study "May Fourth New Literature".One must constantly "recharge" in order to move on. Maybe in the future I will strive to write some articles with more academic content.

[Do at Sunrise]: There are so many heroines in Jin Yong's novels, which one is the best in Kong Zuixia's mind? Kong Qingdong: This question has been answered many times on different occasions, and it is difficult for a male reader to answer this question.Because I am afraid of committing the mistake of "appreciating one more than another".However, according to my memory, I seem to have said on many occasions that I prefer female characters like Zhao Min. [Netizen]: There are many people in the society who criticize martial arts novels indiscriminately. In their imagination, 80% of the contents of martial arts novels are full of violence and fighting. What is the actual content of martial arts novels?

Kong Qingdong: There are many people in the society who criticize martial arts novels indiscriminately. It is in their imagination that 80% of the content in martial arts novels is full of violence and fighting, but the actual content of martial arts novels is not like this.For example, in Jin Yong's novels, the parts that talk about human nature, feelings, especially love are often more important.Sometimes it is more important than the martial arts and chivalrous parts. Many "golden fans" like to read Jin Yong's novels, and sometimes they don't want to read the martial arts part.Many people, especially female readers, prefer to write about love.Therefore, we regard martial arts novels as a category and title. Martial arts novels can carry all aspects of human nature. From the perspective of love, even writers who specialize in romance novels may not dig deeper into the issues than Jin Yong.So my research on Jin Yong corresponds to the content of Jin Yong's works.If you don't talk about love, you obviously can't explain Jin Yong's novels deeply and thoroughly.Of course, this is not my "invention". It is the contribution of all "gold fans" to discover that love is written deeply and widely in Jin Yong's novels.

[Story of the Stone 2005]: Regarding Mr. Jin's adaptation of the original work, I heard that Wei Xiaobao will suffer retribution. What do you think? Kong Qingdong: Mr. Jin Yong's adaptation of his novel this time is the result of accepting opinions from all walks of life.Jin Yong is a very rigorous and serious person. He wants his works to become more worthy of society and readers after this adaptation.However, a history of literature proves that literary works are not necessarily better as they are changed.The kindness and sincerity of the writer may not be able to achieve the desired effect.In Jin Yong's adaptation, Wei Xiaobao designed Wei Xiaobao to receive "retribution", which is a result of the huge pressure from society.Because many people think that Wei Xiaobao is a bad person, and bad people must be punished.Many of our lovely friends cannot accept that Wei Xiaobao can marry seven wives by himself.So I think Mr. Jin's adaptation is a bit too subservient to the world.In fact, in my opinion, the original version has reached the realm of profound realism, because in our real life, it is not that "good people are rewarded with good rewards, and bad people are bound to be rewarded with bad rewards".

One of the remarkable points is that it deeply reveals that in the real society, it is precisely people like Wei Xiaobao who "fly to success". I believe that there are still many people in today's society who have seven or eight wives like him.But such a person is definitely not a good person.Only a person like Wei Xiaobao can achieve such "fruitful results".Therefore, I have reservations about Mr. Jin Yong's adaptation.Many readers think that I am an "unprincipled" praise of Jin Yong. In fact, I have a lot of criticisms of Jin Yong. Whether it is his works, his writing, or his daily activities, I often have criticisms, especially As for his adaptation of his own works, from the standpoint of a scholar who studies literary history, I think his adaptation may be "half the merits and demerits".

[The Water Demon under the Starry Sky]: Since 2005, you have appeared on CCTV's "Hundred Schools Forum" several times, speaking about Jin Yong's novels and Chinese martial arts, and you were warmly welcomed by the audience.How do you watch academics on TV? Kong Qingdong: Television is the number one media in today's society, and its influence is greater than that of newspapers and other paper media.The media itself is just a tool, a platform, which can be "elegant" or "vulgar". The key lies in what kind of people speak in the media. We have many scholars who are knowledgeable and wealthy, but they clean themselves. They think the media It's a relatively vulgar place. They are wise to protect themselves and are unwilling to speak on TV.But in my opinion, "If you don't speak, someone else will speak".If in the field of your research, you give up your social responsibilities and allow some people who are not of high level to speak on TV casually, causing negative effects, do scholars themselves have a share of responsibility?

There used to be an old saying that "if the proletariat does not occupy the ideological and cultural front, the bourgeoisie will."I do not advocate that scholars should be on TV. On this issue, one should first consider whether it involves one’s own professional field; Not trained to speak in front of people.Therefore, scholars should also pay attention to the problem of "change of discourse mode" when they go to TV. In fact, I am not very willing to "show my face", but because the "kung fu" of rejection is relatively low, I am often dragged into the "thief ship" accidentally.I hope that someone with a higher level can replace me in the future.

[Ruoye]: Before going to the lecture on the legal system, I would like to ask a few questions. First: Hello, Professor Kong: My colleagues and I like to read your articles. There have been very lively discussions in the past two days. I quoted your humorous Languages ​​joke with each other.Make our work and life very happy.You wrote in your love letter to Peking University: Lu Xun said it well, you should read less or even no Chinese books.In fact, reading itself is a mistake, and scholars are synonymous with mental patients.What is your opinion on the current books in China, and do they have any influence on our generation?If it is said that reading Chinese books during Lu Xun's period was extremely harmful, misleading children, and reading itself was a mistake, then can "Chinese books" in modern society bring us good and high-quality spiritual food.

Kong Qingdong: Our era today is similar to the era in which Lu Xun lived, but there are also places where earth-shaking changes have taken place.In Lu Xun's era, what the Chinese needed most was to accept "foreign" culture represented by Western culture.Therefore, Lu Xun proposed to read less or even no "Chinese books" in a more extreme form of discourse.Because when Lu Xun said these words, most of the Chinese scholars at that time published a long list of ancient Chinese classics. These words of Lu Xun are "empty valley footnotes" in those overwhelming bibliographies. .But in terms of reading today, China has undergone earth-shaking changes. We teenagers basically don’t read the "Four Books and Five Classics" and read Japanese and Korean comics since childhood. Today, I am afraid that we need another kind of "empty footsteps".Therefore, today's reading attitude should be "inclusive, open up Chinese and Western".

[The Eagle of Shambhala]: I would like to ask Mr. Kong's opinion on the latest film and television works adapted from Jin Yong's original works.Do you think reading martial arts works is more enjoyable than watching martial arts movies and TV series? Kong Qingdong: It is difficult to adapt any excellent literary works into other art forms, and the adapted works are often "thankless". Therefore, film and television works adapted from Jin Yong's original works are now called "Golden Dramas". Generally not as good as Jin Yong's original novels.This is a matter of course.We do not accuse the editors and directors of not working hard and not being professional, just as it is difficult for the audience to unanimously approve the adaptation of the four major Chinese literary masterpieces.Many "gold fans" mainly watch Jin dramas, not Jin Yong's novels.I suggest that these friends should get in touch with the original works of Jin Yong's novels as much as possible.Because it is difficult for film and television works to reflect the profound cultural connotations in the original novel.Mr. Jin Yong himself said a sentence, "Seeing the film and television works adapted from his own novels, it seems to see his own children being beaten by others."I also hope that the future adaptors of "Golden Drama" will "beat the children who beat others softly." [Look east and west]: How are the roommates in room 207 on the 47th floor doing now? Kong Qingdong: They are all doing very well now, even better than when I wrote that article.However, several of my friends were often harassed in their lives because of my article.Here, I mean "complacent". [Ruoye]: Professor Kong is a huge fan of Jin Yong. Ha, "If you don't read Jin Yong, you don't understand half of Chinese literature." May I ask: Professor Kong, martial arts top half the sky of Chinese literature. What influence did he have on your works? ? Kong Qingdong: That is an exaggerated statement, which does not have the nature of truth.My classmate back then used this sentence to stimulate me to read Jin Yong.Later, I also used this sentence to "stimulate" my teacher. This does not mean that Jin Yong or martial arts can "take down half the sky of Chinese literature."It should be understood in this way that Chinese literature without martial arts must be quite incomplete. [Ruoye]: Professor Kong, I remember that in 2004 you wrote that you denounced bad slogans. Do you think that the overwhelming advertising slogans and many street slogans have improved? ? Kong Qingdong: In this book, the main article is the essay called Essay.In fact, it has been circulating in various media for four or five years.When this article was just published, it received some pressure from different parties.However, some of my critical articles often have such an "effect". After four or five years of "pressure", my views will become a view accepted by the whole society.The leader who criticized me for my radical remarks at the time praised me in person and said, "Qingdong's article is well written."Moreover, after the publication of the book, local governments such as Yunnan Province launched a campaign to "eliminate bad slogans".At that time, I said in an interview with the media: "I hope this movement will not be popular for five minutes." My worries have now come true. [The Water Demon under the Starry Sky]: Kong Daxia, you just said that you like Zhao Min.Like me, shake hands!I also like Sister Shenxian, what do you think is the same or different between Zhao Min and Sister Shenxian? Kong Qingdong: I don't like the "fairy" sister very much.So just hold one hand with you.I prefer people with a human touch. [confucius]: Ask the guest: Don Quixote-style knight literature has been silent for hundreds of years in the West.Chinese martial arts novels are in full swing.Is the continued prosperity of martial arts works in China related to the Chinese-style "spiritual victory method"? Kong Qingdong: "Knight Literature" is a literary genre in the Middle Ages in the West. The appearance of Don Quixote put an end to this "Knight Literature".Now the main body of Western popular literature is detective novels.Its literary function is similar to that of Chinese martial arts literature.There is no necessary connection with the "Spiritual Victory Law".It is just a discussion of human nature in the respective ways of Chinese and Western cultures. [The Water Demon under the Starry Sky]: You have labeled Jin Yong as a "national image designer", but Wang Shuo said that the characters in Jin Yong's novels fight when they meet, and he can't explain clearly.He believes that Jin Yong created a group of very unsophisticated Chinese people.What do you think? Kong Qingdong: We are all familiar with Wang Shuo's comments on Jin Yong.This is Wang Shuo's unique way of humor and ridicule.In fact, Wang Shuo has a relationship with all celebrities who "fight as soon as they meet".He used this unique humor to bring us a very good-looking "celebrity fighting show".In fact, what Jin Yong's novels surpass other vulgar martial arts novels is that the characters do not "fight as soon as they meet", and those who can explain clearly must speak clearly.There are not only many images of Chinese people who are not very "smart", but also many "images of Chinese people who are quite smart", including Wei Xiaobao and Kangxi; Zhang Wuji and Zhang Sanfeng.To some extent, Jin Yong's novels are "a complete collection of traditional Chinese images". [Jin Xiaodou]: Hello Kong Daxia, can you talk about the difference between vulgar and popular? Kong Qingdong: "Vulgarity" is an evaluation of aesthetic taste, so it implies a judgment of "superior".And popular is just a category, and "popular" does not necessarily mean "vulgar".In the so-called "serious literature" and in the so-called "pure literature", there are a large number of vulgar works. In the past, there were also many vulgar works in popular literature. equal sign.Just as masters can be produced in popular songs, masters can also be produced in popular novels.So don't confuse aesthetics with categories.Don't forget, ,,, are all popular novels. [For the ideal in my heart]: I remember that Jin Yong's novel you talked about is "Liancheng Jue", right? Kong Qingdong: I have commented on it.However, when I was lecturing, all of Jin Yong's novels were involved. [Tian Ran]: Mr. Kong is really slow to speak. What do you think of the controversy over the study of Hongxue some time ago? Kong Qingdong: I am a layman in Hongxue.Chairman Mao said: "You have to read it seven times before you can speak." I only read it less than four times, which is slightly better than General Xu Shiyou, so I dare not make casual comments.However, I think that the study of Hongology does not need to be too advanced and mysterious.The right to research and evaluate popular novels should be returned to the broadest ordinary readers. [Jin Xiaodou]: Daxia Kong, I used to be an avid Jin Yong fan, but I don't like other martial arts novels, I only like Jin Yong's novels. Can you tell me why Jin Yong's novels have such power? Kong Qingdong: Jin Yong fans like you are very representative.This phenomenon just shows that there is a huge difference between Jin Yong's novels and other martial arts novels.So Jin Yong's novels brought a quiet "revolution" to martial arts novels.If you don't like other martial arts novels, you don't have to force yourself to read them, unless you are an expert. [Lushan]: Professor Kong, it seems that you once said that in Jin Yong's novels, Wanyan Honglie is the most infatuated man in the world?What do you think of the love in Jin Yong's works and the real love? Kong Qingdong: I don't seem to have said this sentence.But Wanyan Honglie can indeed be regarded as a rather infatuated man.Part of the love in Jin Yong's works is a reflection of real love; another part represents people's pursuit of ideal love.Jin Yong's novels are works of "combination" of realism and romanticism. [Ruoye]: We used to watch martial arts when we were studying, but now students don’t know what to watch. It is said that cartoon martial arts are very popular. Professor Kong, do you think modern martial arts is worth watching? Kong Qingdong: At present, various new situations have emerged in martial arts literature, which must be treated with caution, provided that the mind must be broad-minded.In every new literary style, there may be future classics and masters. [Chicken Crying Rain]: In 2005, the creation of new martial arts in mainland China began to show a thriving momentum. You yourself are engaged in the research of Jin Yong and are an expert in martial arts novels. What do you think of the concept of new martial arts in mainland China?Is martial arts culture likely to become the core of mainland culture? Kong Qingdong: The concept of new martial arts in mainland China was jointly proposed by Han Yunbo and other martial arts culture researchers.Since the beginning of the new century, a new generation of creators of martial arts novels has grown up and released a number of excellent works of high quality.I'm very optimistic about this momentum.Wuxia culture cannot become the core of contemporary culture, but it is one of the foundations of our culture.The call for new martial arts from the mainland has a history of more than ten years. The emergence of this situation today can be said to be a matter of course. [For the ideal in my heart]: Professor Kong: Which of Jin Yong's novels is the best? Kong Qingdong: Different people have different opinions on the evaluation of literary works.It is difficult to assign a clear seat. I personally think that there are two best novels written by Jin Yong: and The former is the peak of the martial arts spirit, and the latter is the peak of the anti-martial arts spirit.Jin Yong achieved "fighting each other left and right" alone. [Shishilang 111]: May I ask Mr. Kong, what do you think about blogging together, thank you! Kong Qingdong: To quote a quote from Mr. Lu Xun: "Maybe they feel lonely." [The romping Labrador]: Daxia Kong, what is your latest research topic? Kong Qingdong: I am studying two writers this year, one is Lu Xun and the other is Zhang Henshui.Prepare to conduct critical research on Lu Xun's novels.In addition, research materials are currently being sorted out. [Lushan]: How has the current ideological atmosphere at Peking University changed compared to 20 years ago?Where is the difference?Do professors only care about money, power and fame?Are the students just eating, drinking and having fun? Kong Qingdong: 20 years ago, professors had no money, power, fame or wealth to think about, and students could only eat instant noodles.Now that the material standard of living has improved, changes in the ideological atmosphere are inevitable.What we need to be vigilant about is, what have we lost?Still, it's a little bit better than it was ten years ago. [The Eagle of Shambhala]: You often mention the word "people's nature" on Phoenix TV. How do you feel about this word "lost and found"? Kong Qingdong: I'm glad you noticed my mention. In this book, I think the article "The "People's Nature" of Jin Yong's Novels" is quite interesting.The article also aroused comments from different aspects.In my opinion, it is inevitable that there will be gains and losses in the progress of the times, but no matter what kind of progress, the "people" should not be lost.Even if I don't mention this concept, other people will "raise" it again—especially in media such as Phoenix Satellite TV. [Chicken Crying Rain]: What is your attitude towards the development prospects of the new generation of martial arts writers?You once said that you think that a large group of new authors such as Bu Feiyan and Xiao Lin have a deep cultural background. This is exactly the opposite of what many critics think they lack cultural background. Why? Kong Qingdong: If there are any obvious flaws in mainland "new martial arts" works, I think what is lacking is not cultural heritage, but real life heritage.Take a look at the old style poems written by Bu Feiyan and the others. It should be said that they are first-class in China today.Many of these authors are graduate students of the Chinese Department.If they go through the tempering of real life in the future, if their interest in writing can be maintained, I think the development prospects of new martial arts in mainland China will be relatively bright. [The Water Demon under the Starry Sky]: When the Korean wave was popular in China, you published a book, so what do you think is the reason for the popularity of the Korean wave and Korean dramas?What kind of attitude do you think should be taken towards Hallyu? Kong Qingdong: There are two main reasons for the prevalence of Korean Wave and Korean dramas. One is the reason for the "feng shui rotation" of popular culture, and the other is the result of the continuous efforts of South Korea's ideology and cultural strategies.To deal with the Hallyu, I believe that we should adopt a self-centered attitude of acceptance, and learn from other people's distinct subject consciousness of promoting our own national culture, so as to achieve the purpose of strengthening our own "mainstream" pillar. [Jin Xiaodou]: Professor Kong, what do you think of the role of Linghu Chong? Personally, I think this role is Jin Daxia's favorite. What do you think? Kong Qingdong: Yes.Linghu Chong can be said to be the "top character" in Jin Yong's novels.In him, it fully embodies the spirit of freedom that Jin Yong wants to express. [Running Labrador]: Daxia Kong, just now I was thinking that Jin Yong's works were more influenced by Taoism, and Liang Yusheng was more influenced by Confucianism. What do you think? Kong Qingdong: Jin Yong's works are not only influenced by Taoism, but also deeply influenced by Confucianism, Buddhism and Western civilization.In addition to being influenced by Confucianism, Liang Yusheng's works are also influenced by modern revolutionary literature.Some of the characters in Liang Yusheng's works changed their costumes and became the Eighth Route Army. [Lone Pine]: What do you think of the prosperity of fantasy martial arts novels?What kind of books do you like to read?In your nearly 20,000 days of life, which books have deeply influenced you? Kong Qingdong: The prosperity of fantasy martial arts novels today, in my opinion, is another large-scale contact and collision between Chinese and Western literature, which may give birth to a new type of literature, let us wait and see.The books I like to read are more complicated, and basically I try to read the books that I can understand.The books that have had the deepest influence on me are actually those classics that people often say. [The romping Labrador]: Have you seen it?Do you think there is a martial arts spirit in it? Kong Qingdong: I have seen it.The director wants to show a unique martial arts spirit in this film.But some people have more than enough energy, so the screening effect is not ideal, please refer to the image of Chen Jinnan in the movie.Strictly speaking, the martial arts spirit has always existed.But sometimes strong, sometimes weak.When the spirit of martial arts is very weak, the whole nation will also be devastated.Therefore, thinkers and revolutionaries in the late Qing Dynasty vigorously advocated the spirit of martial arts.Now, the Chinese people's demand for and promotion of the martial arts spirit is also related to China's "dream of a strong country". [The Eagle of Shambhala]: Let me ask again, our society is now more and more emphasizing the role of "law". Do you think "Xia" and "law" are contradictory?Can it be reconciled? Kong Qingdong: Society is constantly advancing.Law also needs to keep pace with the times.So we ancients often talked about "reform".But the "law" itself will not change.Someone must shed their heads and shed blood, and the "law" will become more reasonable and humane.Without heroes and knights, the construction of a society ruled by law is impossible.Of course, it would be naive to place the illusion of legal construction entirely on knights. [Jiulian Baodeng]: Mr. Kong, I want to know what you were thinking during those three years as a Chinese teacher in Beijing No. 2 Middle School?Is it like Jang Geum who left the palace and only wants to go back again? Kong Qingdong: In my impression, Beijing No. 2 Middle School is one of the best middle schools in China.In those three years, I regarded it as practicing another kind of "martial arts".At that time, I often sang a line from "Shajiabang", "Wounded in battle, leave the battlefield, and come to Shajiabang to recuperate."Chairman Mao originally expected that the War of Liberation would take five years, but Chiang Kai-shek could not help but fight it. It took only three years—and I returned to Peking University. [Lone Pine]: By the way, what do you think of the "steamed bun lawsuit" between Hu Ge and Chen Kaige?How would you feel if someone made a parody of your work? Kong Qingdong: I have already talked about my views on this issue in Phoenix Satellite TV's Global Connection program.I don't think Hu Ge's joke did any real harm to Chen Kaige.I admire Hu Ge's outstanding talent very much, and I am vaguely looking forward to the day when he will spoof my works. [Water Demon under the Starry Sky]: Are you really the 73rd generation direct descendant of Confucius?What about the 74th and 75th generations?Ha ha.Many famous families survived by eating their ancestors.Have you ever planned to start with your ancestors? Kong Qingdong: The descendants of Confucius are now divided into 60 branches, and I am the most direct branch.The professional term of our Confucian family is called "Sage School, Saint Branch, and Saint Family".However, I am not the most direct descendant. My 58th generation ancestor is Yan Shenggong.I haven't thought about whether to live by eating Mr. Kong Chul yet.But someday I'm free, and I'm going to eat him a few bites. [Rompy Labrador]: I think it is a blessing for students to have a teacher like Kong Daxia; it is a blessing for teachers to have smart students to teach; Kong Qingdong: I really feel very happy. Many of the students I taught in the past are now outstanding in various fields.They made a big impression on me. [Lone Pine]: A true hero has characteristics. What characteristics do you think a hero should possess?What are the differences between the heroes in Jin Yong's works and the real heroes in real life?Who is the most chivalrous in his writing? Kong Qingdong: I have discussed this issue in a book.To put it bluntly, the most basic characteristic of "Xia" should be the spirit of sacrifice, but "Xia" in life is more complicated.Sometimes I do good things, sometimes I do bad things.The most chivalrous people in Jin Yong's works should belong to Xiao Feng and Guo Jing. [Running Labrador]: Do you think Outlaws of the Marsh is considered a martial arts novel? Will 108 have a martial arts spirit?My opinions on Water Margin are very strong: 1. Kill innocent people indiscriminately; 2. Surrender to the court; 3. Internal intrigue; 4. Disrespect women. Kong Qingdong: According to the classification of academic research, it should be the earliest full-length martial arts novel in China. Measured by today's standards, there may be shortcomings of one kind or another, but works with shortcomings are still excellent classics. Kong Qingdong: Martial arts cannot be described in thousands of words. The green mountains will not change, and the green water will flow forever. Let’s say goodbye now, when will we meet again.Goodbye, friends! March 5th - the day of "commemorating the contemporary hero Lei Feng", I will do a signing activity at Nanjing Xinhua Bookstore.Everyone is welcome to charter a flight.