Chapter 30 3. Create military industry in industrial base

Before the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China considered establishing a solid Northeast base as soon as possible. There is a very important reason, that is, the Northeast is the largest industrial base in my country, with production capacity of industrial raw materials and machinery unmatched by other parts of the country. Processing capacity and weapon production are also very basic.If we master the strong industrial production capacity of the Northeast, it will play an extremely important role in the supply of various military supplies urgently needed in the National War of Liberation.For this reason, according to the instructions of the Central Committee, after the Northeast Bureau established a firm foothold in the Northeast, it took the restoration of industrial production and the organization of the military industrial production system as an important task in the Northeast.When the time comes to fully prepare for the big counter-offensive, this task becomes even more urgent.

Earlier I introduced a conversation by Liu Yalou.From that conversation, we can know that when our army entered the Northeast, we did not receive the support of the Soviet army that had already entered and fully controlled the Northeast on the issue of receiving the Japanese and puppet industries.Although we had intentionally selected and dispatched some specialists in this field to the Northeast when we selected cadres from Yan'an and various base areas, they were unable to receive the Japanese and puppet industries after they arrived in the Northeast, and of course they could not organize any military production.The supply of logistics and military supplies at that time, on the one hand, was collected by oneself and captured from the enemy, and on the other hand, it was exchanged with the Soviet Union through barter. In 1946, the Soviet Union’s agricultural production was damaged due to natural disasters, and there was a shortage of grain. We used great efforts to organize 1 million tons of grain to exchange a large number of Japanese weapons with the Soviet Union (because of the different standards, the Soviet Army generally did not use Japanese weapons).In addition, Kim Il Sung of North Korea at that time had just returned to North Korea from the Northeast. He had more contacts with us and was very friendly to us. He also gave us a lot of Japanese weapons and other materials that North Korea did not need at that time. During the year, there were more than 2,000 wagons.To this end, the Northeast Bureau also set up a Northeast Bureau office in North Korea under the charge of Zhu Lizhi.

However, the above-mentioned sources can only solve temporary difficulties.In order to support the front line, we must have our own strong military industry.The earliest leader in establishing military industry in Northeast China was Han Zhenji. Han Zhenji was born in Gaoyi, Hebei, and was born in the Baoding Army Lecture Hall. In 1931, he took part in the famous Ningdu Uprising and joined the Red Army of Workers and Peasants. Joined the Communist Party of China in 1933.He served as the deputy head of the Red Army, and served as the chief of staff of the Military Commission cadre regiment during the Long March.During the War of Resistance Against Japan, he first served as the deputy head and regiment political commissar of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army, and later worked in the New Fourth Army.When the Anti-Japanese War was victorious and our army marched into the Northeast, he was the chief of staff of the Second Division of the New Fourth Army.Considering the needs of military production in the Northeast, he was specially transferred to the Northeast and served as the Minister of Military Industry and Political Commissar of the Democratic Alliance Army.

After hard work, under the leadership of Han Zhenji, our army’s first military industrial base in Northeast China was established in Hunchun at the junction of China, North Korea, and the Soviet Union in the fall of 1946. The first batch of establishments included machine factories, bullet factories, and hand grenades. factories, ironworks, pharmaceutical factories, timber factories.Using the equipment and raw materials collected everywhere, relying on our own technicians and the technicians left over from the transformation of the Japanese army, we were finally able to continuously send bullets, grenades and shells to the front line (the passage to North Manchuria is through North Korea by sea. of).In 1947, under the guidance of the experience of the Hunchun base, military factories of different sizes were successively set up in other base areas. The military production in the Northeast gradually took shape, with a monthly production capacity of 50,000 hand grenades, 100,000 grenades, 100,000 rounds of grenades, Bullets (including reloading bullets from old cartridge cases) 5 million rounds.

As the Northeast, which has the best military production conditions among all base areas in the country, it is of course responsible for supporting other base areas. On July 10, 1947, the Central Military Commission issued the "One-Year Combat Summary and Future Plans" instruction, which clearly stated: "The military industry in the Northeast should do its best to support the customs. In the first year from now, you must use great efforts to build a large-scale military Industry." On August 29, the Central Military Commission sent a telegram to Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan: the Northeast should "send a large number of mountain shells and dynamite to the troops on the southern front. They are hopeful of this as if they were in a severe drought."In order to better develop the military industry in the Northeast, the Northeast Bureau held the Northeast Military Industry Conference in Harbin in September 1947. At the meeting, the decision of the Northeast Bureau was announced: He Changgong was appointed as the Minister of Military Industry, Wu Xiuquan was the political commissar, and Han Zhenji and Wang Fengyuan were the political commissars. Deputy Minister.Prior to this, the Northeast Bureau had decided that Huang Kecheng, the deputy commander of the Democratic Alliance Army, would also serve as the commander of the logistics department, in charge of military industry and military supplies.At the military industry conference, a comprehensive study was made on the military production in the entire Northeast, and the future production tasks were determined.In order to strengthen the leadership of military industry production in various places, the Ministry of Military Industry has also set up offices in 9 cities with military industry enterprises, including Hunchun, Xingshan, Jixi, Andong, Qiqihar, Mudanjiang, Jilin, Harbin, and Dalian. The military production carried out under unified leadership.

According to the needs of the development of the situation, Northeast military production has established a Dalian base in addition to the Hunchun base.At that time, Dalian was still under the "lease" of the Soviet Union, and it was a Soviet military base, but as long as our activities in Dalian did not cause the Soviet side to cause trouble in diplomatic relations with the Kuomintang government, the Soviet side generally would not intervene.Dalian has a good industrial foundation, and there are many members of our party in the city (the deputy mayor and chief of the public security bureau at the time were both members of the Communist Party of China), and our party also established the Dalian Municipal Committee.Therefore, in order to take advantage of Dalian’s industrial advantages, from the spring of 1947, the central government successively sent competent personnel from Yan’an and East China to Dalian. After negotiating with the Soviet army, they took over some factories and organized military production in the name of “Jianxin Company”.Jianxin Company is the first large-scale military-industrial complex in the history of our army. Zhu Yi, the former director of the East China Finance and Economics Committee, is the manager, and Jiang Zemin, who came from Yan'an and had been engaged in technical work in the Soviet Union for a long time, is the deputy manager.Jiang Zemin was also appointed as the vice minister of the Northeast Military Industry Department.

After a year of hard work, Jianxin Company has 8 factories with 6,000 employees. It mainly produces all kinds of explosives, smokeless powder, shells, fuzes, transceivers, telephones, and medicines that the troops urgently need. Some raw materials are also purchased from North Korea.In order to ensure the normal production, the Northeast Bureau and the East China Bureau jointly invested 350 million Northeast Dollars in Jianxin Company.This is the first large-scale industrial investment in the history of our party. When the decisive battle began, according to statistics in June 1948, the military industry department of our Northeast Military Region had 55 military factories, more than 2,500 cadres, and more than 10,000 workers. It can support Guannei in a large amount (in order to complete the important task of supporting Guannei, the Northeast Bureau specially appointed Li Yimeng, who once served as the Secretary-General of the New Fourth Army, as the deputy secretary of the Luda Land Committee and the director of the Finance and Economics Committee, who is responsible for the supply of materials to the liberated areas in Guannei), and for the entire liberation The war has made a great contribution. At the end of 1948, Chen Yi and Su Yu, the chiefs of the East China Field Army, signed a personal letter to express their gratitude to the party organizations and workers in the Luda area.