Chapter 73 Khrushchev had a hard time[1]

(January 17, 1964) Now, I have encountered two problems in diplomacy, and I would like to hear your opinions.One is, is the United States mainly paying attention to the Soviet Union or China? The second is, is the United States actively preparing to fight World War III? Some say it is. (Adler: Regarding the issue of whether the United States should pay attention to the Soviet Union or China, the American newspapers themselves said this: in the short term, the Soviet Union is the main enemy; in the long run, China is the main enemy.) That's what they say, I've seen it said.However, the imperialists are pragmatic, "long term", it's not so important to them because it's been too long.Now they look down on us, thinking that we only have hand grenades and no atomic bombs.They also look down on you and other foreign comrades who work with us, and think that you are just intellectuals who only make noise and work in the "Beijing Weekly" or radio stations.They look down on us, which is a good thing, in our favor.

However, they are also paying attention to us. Roderick, an American journalist stationed in Tokyo, specializes in China. In any case, the Soviet Union was a large industrial country and one of the two major nuclear powers.In addition to having grenades, China only has a few more people.In Khrushchev's view, a few more people are nothing but a pile of meat.And he also said that now in China, five people wear a pair of trousers, and everyone drinks clear water soup.In fact, when he said this, it was when he had too few trousers and too much clear water soup.His life was not much better than ours.He said such words at the most difficult time to say to the people: Look, our country is so great, we have a lot of pants, and we don’t have a lot of clear water and soup.

Regarding the question of whether the United States is preparing to fight World War III, we have talked about it in the past, and we still look at it that way now.You can look at history. The United States always takes part in international wars at the end.As it was with World War I, so it is with World War II.Now the United States stretches its hands too far. In the words of Sichuanese, ten fingers hold down ten fleas, and none of them can be caught.If you don't believe it, try to catch fleas with ten fingers! America is now meeting resistance in both "third worlds."The first "third world" refers to Asia, Africa, and Latin America.The second "Third World" refers to a group of highly developed capitalist and some imperialist countries mainly in Western Europe. These countries oppress others on the one hand and are oppressed by the United States on the other. They have conflicts with the United States.In the first "Third World", there was a place called South Vietnam, and the United States just couldn't suppress the people there.And things like this will keep happening in the future.

It cannot be imagined that the United States will encounter resistance only in the two "third worlds", but will not encounter resistance in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe alone. Khrushchev had a hard time.According to statistics, since the 20th Congress of the CPSU[2], there have been very few old people left in the CPSU Presidium.This phenomenon shows that there is instability.The same is true in Eastern Europe, such as Bulgaria, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia, which are constantly changing leaders.Some people resigned after being fiercely anti-China, but they stopped anti-China after resigning, such as Yu Gefu and Shi Luoji[3].Why? They opposed China in order to maintain their own power and status, so they stopped opposing China after being kicked out.This shows two points: first, some people are not sincere in their opposition to China; second, China now has a status that can arouse people's opposition and stimulate people to write articles and make speeches to attack.We have the qualifications, and some people want to rely on anti-China to keep their status.

In fact, Khrushchev is currently in the socialist camp in 13 countries[4], and those who support him do not account for a large majority.Romania did not agree with him, and Poland could only count as half of his support.He is trying to control others, like the Americans.He wants others to engage in a single economy, which won't work, Romania won't do it, and Cuba is also arguing with him. After the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, we already felt that Khrushchev was wrong, but from then until the first half of 1958, we adopted an attitude of helping him, because at that time we considered whether it would be right for the Soviet people to change their leader. Easy.

Then, in 1958, the naval base problem arose [5].Khrushchev came to Beijing once that year.Why did you come? The Soviet ambassador to China had a conversation with us about the naval base, and Khrushchev had to deal with it himself.I said to him, give you all the coastline of China.He said, what do you do then? I said, I went up the mountain to fight guerrillas.He said guerrilla warfare was useless.I said, you blocked my nose, what should I do if I don’t fight guerrillas? Then there was the Sino-Indian border incident in 1959[6]. Khrushchev issued a statement through the TASS news agency before his visit to the United States, expressing "neutrality" on the Sino-Indian border incident.After visiting the United States, he came to Beijing again.This time he talked about the Taiwan issue and asked us to treat Taiwan in the same way that the Soviet Union used to treat the Far Eastern Republic[7].I told him that the Far East Republic was established by you, and the Chiang Kai-shek clique was not established by us.In addition, he asked us to release four or five American prisoners who were in prison at that time.The two issues failed to be negotiated, and he said: "Eisenhower told me at Camp David that your trip to Beijing this time must have been in vain."

From the 20th National Congress of the CPSU to last July, we were relatively passive.Now we have turned into a counter-offensive, and we have the momentum to make a big disturbance in the heavenly palace, breaking their clear rules and precepts.Their rules and regulations cannot be completely obeyed! They accuse us of dogmatism, Trotskyism, empty talk, fake revolution and nationalism.But they are afraid of our "empty words".They say that what we are talking about is empty words, but they actually treat it like a plague, and block it so badly that even the stations that used to interfere with the Voice of America are also used to interfere with our broadcasts.

Now they asked to stop the public debate, very nervous.I told the Soviet ambassador in March last year, you said that we are dogmatists, Trotskyists, talking empty words, fake revolutions, and nationalism. If we are really like this, then of course you should criticize, just let go of the criticism.He said it would be impossible to go on like this.I said, what’s so great about a lawsuit? First, the sky won’t fall; second, the vegetation will still grow on the mountain; third, women will still have children; fourth, the fish in the river will still swim. If you don’t believe me, you Go to the river and have a look.I have also quoted this passage from their most recent letter.

To stop arguing is not what one party says, but a fair agreement acceptable to both parties must be reached.The two sides are not just two parties, but parties in dozens of countries.Therefore, the debate is difficult to stop. According to the "Mao Zedong Diplomatic Selected Works" published in 1994 by Central Literature Publishing House and World Knowledge Publishing House. -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ note [1] This is part of a conversation between Mao Zedong and American journalist Strong, American experts Cofrain, Adler, and Chinese expert Epstein.Khrushchev was the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union.

[2] The Twentieth Congress of the CPSU, the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, was held in Moscow from February 14 to 25, 1956.After completing the main agenda of the meeting, Khrushchev, the first secretary of the CPSU Central Committee, made a secret report "On Overcoming the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences" to all representatives.This report exposed the mistakes made by Stalin during his period and their serious consequences, and played a certain role in breaking superstition and emancipating the mind. However, the report completely denied Stalin's historical status and role, which brought a huge impact to the international communist movement.

[3] Yugov (1904-1991), Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 1956 to 1962.Siroki (1902-1971), Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia from 1953 to 1963. [4] Refers to Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Vietnam, German Democratic Republic, China, North Korea, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and Cuba. [5] On June 28, 1958, the Chinese side requested the Soviet Union to provide technical assistance for the development of Chinese naval nuclear submarines based on the opinion of the Soviet military adviser.On July 21 of the same year, Yudin, the Soviet ambassador to China, conveyed to Mao Zedong the proposal of Khrushchev and the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee on the establishment of a joint nuclear submarine fleet between the Soviet Union and China.Since this proposal by the Soviet side undermined China's sovereignty, the Chinese side withdrew its request for technical assistance from the Soviet side for the development of Chinese naval nuclear submarines. [6] In August 1959, the first armed conflict on the Sino-Indian border after the founding of New China occurred because Indian troops invaded Longjiu in China's Tibet.Since then, the Indian army has successively crossed the actual control line between China and India in the western and eastern sections of the Sino-Indian border, continuously provoked border incidents, and then established military strongholds in China.The Chinese government has made strong protests to the Indian government on several occasions and proposed to resolve the border issue through negotiations, all of which were rejected.In October 1962, the Indian army launched a large-scale armed attack on the Chinese border guards. The Chinese army was forced to fight back in self-defense and repelled the Indian army's invasion.In order to further seek a peaceful settlement of the Sino-Indian border issue, the Chinese government issued a statement on November 21, announcing that from the next day, the Chinese border guards would actively cease fire along the entire Sino-Indian border.Beginning on December 1, the Chinese frontier guards withdrew 20 kilometers from the line of actual control between China and India on November 7, 1959; Captured weapons. [7] The Far Eastern Republic, also known as the Chita Republic, is a nominally independent country established by Soviet Russia in the region east of Lake Baikal in 1920.At that time, Soviet Russia had already controlled the area west of Lake Baikal in Siberia, while most of the Pacific coast was occupied by the Japanese intervention forces.Lenin ordered the establishment of the Chita Republic as a buffer zone between Soviet-controlled areas and Japanese-occupied areas.In October 1922, the Japanese army was forced to withdraw from Siberia.In November of the same year, the Chita Republic merged into Soviet Russia.