Chapter 6 Chapter 5: Learn to Speak Funny and Humorously

Humor is a sign that a person has confidence in his career and shows that he has an advantage. - Engels Humor is a common concept in aesthetics.What exactly is humor and where does humor come from have been debated a lot in the past. The definition of humor in "Ci Hai" is: "The transliteration of English humour. Through insinuation, allegory, pun and other rhetorical techniques, in a kind smile, it exposes the perverse and unreasonable things in life." Obviously, this is a serious The definition of humor is very different from the humor that people recognize and love in our lives.In life, we believe that a person's humorous conversation is closely related to his intelligence and wisdom, which requires good cultural accomplishment and rich cultural knowledge.If a person has an understanding of all aspects of ancient and modern times, China and foreign countries, the world, customs, customs, etc., and has a strong ability to control language, then it is easy to speak vividly, lively and interesting.Looking at the famous masters of humor both at home and abroad in ancient and modern times, they are often masters of language.Therefore, humor is not artificial, but natural expression.Someone said with deep feeling: "I didn't intend to tell a joke, and the joke came out of my mouth naturally." The reasoning just illustrates this point.

In this way, humor seems to be a special temperament for a leader, and it is often mysterious.There are many leaders who want to learn but cannot learn; there are many leaders who have not learned much but can blurt out.Is humor innate and gifted? In fact, humor is a unique temperament of people. Like games, it is a human instinct and a life mentality. We found, after studying some people with a sense of humor, that there is something genetic about humor, too.For example, Hou Baolin, a well-known crosstalk performing artist in our country, and his two sons, Chen Qiang, a famous comedy performing artist, and his son Chen Peisi, all have humorous talents.But after careful deduction, it is not difficult for us to find the far-fetched part, because we can also see the influence of the environment and the power of cultivation from their examples. If we study the well-known humor masters in the world a little bit, this This theory is even more untenable.Humor, therefore, is not a mystery and, for all, is essential to nurture.

The study of humor starts with subtlety.Humor is supposed to make people laugh, but good humor is best made to be memorable.Humor is short-sighted.Here is another Bernard Shaw story.A friend invited Bernard Shaw to a banquet, hoping that Bernard Shaw would give his daughter who played the piano some good words so that he could become famous all over the world.As soon as Bernard Shaw arrived at a friend's house, the girl couldn't wait to play.After playing for a long time, Bernard Shaw didn't say a word, so the girl had to speak first: "I didn't hinder you, did I?" Bernard Shaw said nonchalantly, "It's okay, you've finished playing." George Bernard Shaw's words were humorous, simple, reserved, with overtones, You have to think about it to understand what he means.

Humor must be creative and image thinking, so association and imagination are indispensable.Not only should we study the works of famous humorists and humorous masterpieces from the folk, but we should also have a broad understanding of various art forms, enhance our artistic sensitivity, and train our ability to construct imagination between images from the outside to the inside. . Of course there are no rules, and there are no ready-made patterns for humor to follow.We are facing a constantly changing crowd, so humor can only be effective if it varies from person to person. Humor is the flash of a person's knowledge, talent, wisdom, and inspiration in language expression. It is an "ability to catch jokes and witty imagination." Disadvantages, revelation of contradictory nature and description of some unconventional words and deeds.

Usually, the people who are really good at the art of talking are those who are good at leading the conversation, and at the same time turning the meaningless conversation into a humorous one.This kind of person tends to be like a fish in water in the social arena, and can be regarded as a master of humor in social conversations.Monotonous conversation is boring, so a good talker must be good at humor.But this kind of humor does not mean that everything can be used as a joke.For example, about religion, about politics, about great men, about some kind of sympathetic suffering, etc., are never to be laughed at.In some people's opinion, if the words are not humorous enough, it is not enough to show their intelligence. This kind of thinking is unavoidably extreme.

American psychologist Paul McKee believes that a sense of humor plays a pivotal role in the development of people's social skills. In January 1979, Comrade Deng Xiaoping visited the United States.At that time, U.S. President Carter and his wife held a grand state banquet in Washington to welcome Deng Xiaoping and his wife.Sitting at the same table with the Carters and Deng Xiaopings was Fairbank, an expert on China issues from Harvard University.Fairbank asked Deng Xiaoping: "Gui Geng?" Deng Xiaoping replied: "Seventy-two years old." Fairbank said: "I am seventy-four years old this year." Deng Xiaoping said: "But you still have black hair, and I am already bald. "This proves that you use your brain too much." The two answered wittily, humorously and happily.

Humorous language can release our inner tension and pressure and turn it into a relaxed smile.In communication, humorous language is like a lubricant, which can effectively reduce the "coefficient of friction" between people, resolve conflicts and contradictions, and enable us to calmly get rid of possible difficulties in communication. In social situations, people who talk humorously tend to win, and people who don't have a sense of humor often lose.In communicative occasions, humorous language can easily open up the communicative situation quickly. People who are good at talking sometimes make fun of themselves out of necessity.The famous American lawyer Dieter is a person who is good at telling his own jokes.Once, the president of Columbia University first introduced him to the audience when he gave a speech: "Is he the first citizen of our country?" Dieter seemed to be able to seize this rare opportunity immediately, and joked with a big face : "Listen, gentlemen, the first citizen is about to speak." But if he did that, he would be a fool whom no one would look up to.

So what should he say?He not only wants to use this introduction to humor, but also to gain the audience's goodwill.He said: "I didn't quite understand the term Mr. Principal said just now. The first citizen - what does it refer to? Now I think that he probably refers to the citizen often mentioned in Shakespeare's plays. Principal Sir must be a person with great experience in the study of Shakespeare's plays. When he introduced me, he must have thought of his Shakespeare plays again. The audience must know that Shakespeare often intersperses many citizens in his plays. Most people say only one or two sentences, and most of them are people without eloquence and insight. But they are almost all good people, even if the status of the first and second is exchanged, it will not show any difference at all. place." Before he could finish speaking, there was a tidal wave of applause from the audience.

Humor can best reflect a person's self-cultivation and show a person's popular charm.Humor is the crystallization of a person's thoughts, sentiments, knowledge, wisdom and inspiration in the use of language, and is the most prominent expression of his inner beauty.A humorous person must be a person who loves life, is full of vitality, and is full of creativity, because he can constantly discover and excavate the beauty of life and actively use it to decorate the key points, while expressing the charm of his personality and injecting vitality into his surroundings. vitality. When we talk about the art of leadership speech, the most important thing in essence is the art of humor.Humor is the best way to express one's self-cultivation and self-cultivation. Therefore, leaders who speak humorously and are full of wit are welcomed and loved by the public at all times and in all over the world.

Humorous and vivid discourse can effectively express feelings and enhance mutual understanding. The speaker treats others calmly with jokes, which can relieve the listener's psychological concerns, shorten the psychological distance, speak freely, and express their true feelings, so as to understand the listener's wishes, motivation and purpose. The leader's speech is humorous and witty, and the basis and conditions for its formation are roughly as follows: (1) Have high observation and imagination Humorous conversation is characterized by quick response, which requires the speaker to be quick in thinking and eloquent, and these come from the profound experience of life and careful observation of things.Possess high powers of observation, imagination, and the ability to speak humorously through imitation, time shifting, reduction, twisting, metaphor, exaggeration, etc.

(2) Have noble taste and optimistic belief Engels once said: "Humor is a sign that a person has confidence in his career and shows that he has an advantage." Humorous speech is based on the speaker's higher ideological realm and higher self-cultivation.A narrow-minded, decadent mind cannot be humorous.Humor always belongs to those who have passion and those who live strong. (3) Have high cultural accomplishment and language expression ability Humorous speech is a sign of human intelligence and wisdom, and it requires a high cultural accomplishment and a strong ability to control language.A person has a high level of language accomplishment and rich cultural knowledge, and has an understanding and mastery of various things such as ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, all over the world, historical allusions, customs, customs, etc., coupled with rich vocabulary, flexible and diverse language expressions, In this way, speaking will be easy to say, and naturally easy to be lively, lively and interesting.It should be noted that humor is only a means, not an end.You can't be humorous for the sake of humor. You must choose humorous words appropriately according to the specific context of the topic. Gaining the audience's favor is one of the keys to a successful speech, and humor is an effective way to gain the audience's favor.In general, people are willing to socialize with humorous people.Adding humorous and vivid language to a serious speech can often make the atmosphere lively and relaxed, and make people's emotions relax in laughter. Whether in the ever-changing international diplomatic arena or in the ever-changing economic negotiation occasion, as long as the leader uses more humorous and vivid language in the speech process, he will often receive surprising results and impress the opponent. A display of humor is often a sign of the speaker's confidence.From a psychological point of view, only when you are full of confidence in your heart can you show a relaxed attitude in words and deeds.The humorous language style is precisely the emotional expression of inner self-confidence and outward ease. Humor and vividness often go hand in hand with randomness.Because leaders often encounter some special questions or other temporary questions during their speeches, they need to be dealt with and answered in a timely and decisive manner, that is, adapt to the situation. In short, humor makes people expose the unreasonable things in life with a kind smile.When encountering difficulties at work, it can often resolve the problems, and when encountering contradictions or confrontations, it can eliminate troubles.It brings strangers close to each other; it also makes close friends happy.Leaders should consciously cultivate and use vivid and humorous language, which can play an unexpected positive role in coordinating relationships and creating a harmonious working atmosphere, thereby achieving good results. Western political leaders and socialites place great emphasis on their ability to be humorous.They believe that humor is a symbol of wisdom, talent, knowledge and education, and an excellent means of self-expression and pleasing the people.For presidential campaigns, public debates, speeches, social interactions, etc., you must fully demonstrate your sense of humor.A decent witty remark will immediately shorten the distance between you and the audience and gain favor; a few witty quizzes to deal with difficult problems will not only make you get out of the predicament at once, but also reflect a good self-image and gain people's sympathy and praise.Therefore, in many countries, not only the president has a humor consultant, but also various novel newspapers, activities and organizations have been established by all walks of life in society, such as humor magazines, humor associations, humor clubs, joke companies, humor clinics with happy nurses, etc., People take this to eliminate fatigue, improve health, relax the tense heartstrings, and carry out social interaction activities.For politicians, the use of humor serves mainly the following purposes. (1) Good demeanor with humor Humor is the crystallization of people's thoughts, common sense, wisdom and inspiration. Humorous and witty language style is the externalization of people's inner temperament in the use of language, and plays a very important role in public relations and communication: First, humor can arouse the pleasure of the audience, making people relaxed, happy, refreshing and lyrical.This can activate the atmosphere, connect the feelings of both parties, and narrow the psychological distance between the two parties in laughter. Second, one of the remarkable characteristics of humor is to embody solemnity and harmony. It expresses truth and wisdom in a ridiculous form, reveals profound meaning in insignificance, enlightens and educates people in laughter, and produces a meaningful sense of beauty and interest. . Third, humor can also free the two parties in the conflict from embarrassing predicaments, break the deadlock, and ease the tense atmosphere. Fourth, humor is also conducive to shaping the self-image in communication, because humorous demeanor is the exposure of good character traits. For everyone, the humorous and witty language style has an innate influence, but it is more acquired.We should master some methods of forming humor and pay attention to using them in language expression. (2) Humor makes interpersonal communication smoother Psychologists believe that, in addition to cognition and labor, communication is an important activity that forms a person's personality.Humor, in a sense, is the lubricant in the communication between people, it can make people's communication smoother and more natural. Humor can stabilize the mood of a group, especially when a group is brewing a conflict.At this time, saying a few humorous words just right can ease the tense atmosphere and stabilize the tense mood. When the famous Norwegian explorer Tur Huijerdal chose the crew for the Mustang, he paid great attention to whether they had enough sense of humor.He once wrote: "The violent cold wind, the low black cloud, and the pervasive rain and snow are only minor dangers compared with the possible threat from the group of six people with different personalities and different opinions. We Six people will be on a raft for months on rough seas. In these conditions, a good joke and a few humorous words are as important to us as a life buoy." (3) Use humor to resolve embarrassment Former British Prime Minister Wilson had an interesting incident with a child. One day, in order to promote his policy, Wilson gave a public speech in a square.Thousands of people gathered in the square at that time.Suddenly an egg was thrown from the audience and hit him squarely in the face.Security personnel immediately went down to search for the troublemaker, only to find that the egg was thrown by a child.After Wilson learned about it, he first instructed his subordinates to let the child go, then immediately stopped the child, and asked his assistant to record the child's name, home phone number and address in public. The audience in the audience wondered if Wilson was going to punish the children, so they started to riot.At this time, Wilson asked the venue to be quiet, and said to everyone: "My philosophy of life is to find my responsibility in the mistakes of the other party. The kid just hit me with an egg. This behavior is very impolite. Although His behavior is wrong, but as the Prime Minister of the British Empire, I have the responsibility to reserve talents for the country. The kid who was able to throw the egg so accurately from so far below proves that he may be a very good talent, so I want to write down his name so that the Minister of Sports can pay attention to cultivating him, so that he can become a baseball player of our country and play for the country in the future." Wilson's speech made the audience laugh, and the speech scene became more harmonious. Some people may say that Wilson is making a fuss over a molehill and playing tricks.But in any case, he knows how to discover the strengths from the mistakes of others, and actively seeks constructive suggestions, not only letting unpleasant things go with the wind, but also turning bad things into good things to help him get out of embarrassing situations.Regardless of other things, most listeners thought that Wilson's funny stories about children were humorous and valuable. (4) Humor over criticism Humor is the best way to criticize. The use of philosophical stories, puns, image metaphors, etc. can ease the tension of criticism, inspire the critics to think, enhance mutual emotional exchanges, and make criticism not only achieve the purpose of educating each other , but also create a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere. Humor is the natural expression of a good attitude and mature mind. Leaders with a sense of humor will naturally be welcomed by everyone, but if they are humorous for the sake of humor, it is easy to fall into the trap of humor. (1) can't wait No matter how many jokes and one-liners you have in your stomach, you can't pour them out indiscriminately for the sake of your humor.The funny and humorous language must be used according to the specific object, specific situation and specific context, instead of making the spoken words out of date.Otherwise, not only will the desired effect of the conversation not be achieved, but it will cause trouble, and even hurt the feelings of the other party, causing troubles.Therefore, if you have a joke in your throat now, no matter how funny it is, but if it may touch some hidden pain or defect of the other party, then you should make an effort to swallow it into your stomach. It is better to say. (2) self-disruption When you narrate an interesting story, don't be in a hurry to tell the result, or you lose your footing first, you should calm down, show the power of humor with a unique tone and a dramatic plot, before saying the most crucial sentence , should create a kind of suspense for the audience.If you can't wait to tell the result, or show it through changes in facial expressions and movements, it will be like a broken dumpling, and the humor will lose its effectiveness and can only disappoint. (3) No skill When you tell a joke, every pause, every particular tone of voice, every corresponding expression, gesture, and body posture should contribute to the power of humor, making them punctuated by humor.Important words should be emphasized, and the use of stress and pauses to promote the audience's thinking and deepen the audience's impression. (4) Too much humor Some people use too much humor when they do the work of persuading others, and often joke after joke, with endless articles, like a cannonball.In this way, the content of the conversation often deviates from the topic, and it is difficult to achieve the purpose of persuading others.When the other party sounds, he will also feel clouded, not knowing what you are going to say, and even think that you are showing him your humor! (5) Lack of control The least popular form of humor is laughing out loud before, during, or just after a joke is told.If you laugh first, you can only swallow the humor.The best way is to make the audience laugh and not laugh or smile yourself.That is to say, adopting "serious" expressions and "introducing traps" is the correct way to exert the power of humor. (6) Anticlimactic Ideally, at the end of each speech, it will inspire a heartfelt smile from the entire audience.Give it a try, tell a short story in a witty tone or say a quip or two, a pun, or a humorous well-wishes, all are great endings.In short, you want to try to say "goodbye" to the audience's laughter, and let your audience leave the meeting with a smile and satisfaction. As a leader, if you can calmly make a joke when encountering an embarrassing situation, then I believe the tense atmosphere between you and the other party will disappear without a trace, and your subordinates will also be attracted by your charm , was moved by your broad mind, then admired you, and finally accepted you truly. Most leaders who are good at humor can use the power of humor very freely, authentically and naturally.As a result, when they make a joke, others don't feel sensationalized or sensationalized, but just entertained. If language is the bridge of the soul, then humor is the fastest train on the bridge. It shuttles between this shore and the other shore, expresses a certain intention sometimes clearly and sometimes implicitly, and reaches people's heart in the fastest way. soul. Humor can make the sad face smile, and it can make the tearful laugh; it can bring vitality to the lazy, and it can also dispel the fatigue of the hardworking;There is no one in life who does not like humorous language.The reason why cross talk skits have always been one of the most popular programs in traditional Chinese cultural evenings is that its expression is inseparable from humor. The humorous language strongly infects the hearts of the audience, and humorous words can capture The heart of the audience can calm the audience, and it can also make some profound thoughts more vivid and vivid. Once, executives of 329 large companies in the United States participated in a humorous opinion survey.The results show that: 97% of business executives believe that humor has considerable value in the business world; 60% of business executives believe that a sense of humor determines the degree of success in a person's career.It can be seen that humor is important for modern business leaders. There are many ways to acquire humorous language. (1) Use the "interesting way of thinking" to capture the comedy factors in life "Interesting thinking" is a kind of "misplaced thinking", which does not follow the thinking of ordinary people, but "forks" to the interesting side. (2) Work hard on instant ideas and master the necessary skills Humor is a kind of "quick language art", which breaks through the inertial thinking, follows the abnormal principle, thinks quickly, speaks quickly, touches the scene, makes things interesting, unexpected, and reasonable. For example, a general asked a soldier: "Which country is Marx from?" The soldier thought for a while and said, "French." The general said, "Oh, Marx moved." Unhappy, but this "fork" constitutes humor, and actually includes a critical education for soldiers. (3) Pay attention to the flexible use of rhetorical techniques Extreme exaggeration, abnormal metaphors, smooth metonymy, implicit irony, as well as comparison, personification, transference, connection, and duality can all constitute humor. (4) Pay attention to collecting materials Our life is rich and colorful, providing a lot of interesting materials, and many of these materials have entered our memory warehouse unconsciously. If we are "caring people", we will enrich our language materials. The following are the eight most common ways of humor in daily life. As a leader, you may wish to learn from them. (1) Exaggerated humor Unlimited exaggeration of the facts, resulting in an extremely incongruous comic effect, is one of the effective ways to generate humor. Once, Mark Twain took the train to give a lecture in a university.Because there was not much time left for the lecture, he was very anxious, but the train was moving very slowly, so Mark Twain came up with a way to vent his grievances.When the conductor came to check the tickets, Mark Twain handed him a child ticket.The train attendant was also very humorous, carefully looked at it carefully, and said: "It's really interesting, I can't see that you are still a child." The humorist replied: "I am not a child now, but I was a child when I bought the train ticket. It was too slow." It is true that trains go slowly, but not so slowly that a child grows into a man.Here, the degree of slowness is infinitely exaggerated, producing a special humorous effect, which is hilarious. Sometimes in order to get rid of unnecessary entanglement, one can deliberately bluff and use exaggerated facts and contradictions between the status quo to form a humorous effect and achieve the desired purpose. One day, Lincoln didn't want to meet officials who came to the White House because he was unwell.However, an official stayed by Lincoln's side, ready to sit down for a long talk.Just then, the president's doctor walked into the room.Lincoln held out his hands to him and asked, "Doctor, what are the spots on my hands?" The doctor said, "I have them all over my body." Lincoln said, "I think they are contagious, right?" "Yes, very contagious," said the doctor.The visitor thought it was true, stood up immediately, and said: "Okay, I can't stay longer now, Mr. Lincoln, I have nothing to do, I just came to visit you." Lincoln and the doctor played a fake show, falsely claiming that "spot" is very contagious, bluffing, although quietly, scaring the official away.This kind of bombastic humor keeps Lincoln out of entanglement. (2) Puzzling humor The comrades working beside Mao Zedong stood guard for the chairman with deep affection and respect, taking care of his daily life.One day, Mao Zedong suddenly smiled and said to them: "Why do you treat me so well? I have thought about this question for a long time before I figured it out. It turns out that you comrades can only be officials, not human beings." The staff were shocked by the chairman's words. Stunned: "The weight of this sentence is too heavy. We take care of the chairman wholeheartedly, how can he criticize us like this?" Everyone was puzzled and nervous.Then, Mao Zedong explained with a smile: "It is said that you can only be officials, which means that you are so kind to me, and you are not all for me to be officials? To say that you cannot be human beings, does it mean that you cannot think about yourself? ? I saw so many of you standing guard here for several years. If you were in the front, you would have grown up long ago.” After the chairman’s explanation, everyone was suddenly enlightened, and they couldn’t help but change from “surprise” to laughter. It's easy.Mao Zedong was grateful to the comrades who wholeheartedly defended him and took care of him, but instead of using words of praise, he used critical praise of "you can only be officials, not people", deliberately making the other party suspicious and creating illusions , forming psychological pressure.Then explain it, make it melt away, and humor emerge in the ups and downs. (3) Imitative humor Creating new language by imitating existing words, sentences, and tone is a very common way of humor. It often uses some imagination and association that violates normal logic to use the original language elements in a new language environment. , creating a sense of humor. The use of imitation language can also directly borrow the original text. For example, a business leader took a group of customers to visit Huangshan Mountain and went to Lion Peak to watch the sunrise at 5:00 am.But just halfway up the mountain, I heard someone's voice.When he came to the top of the mountain, he found that all the "favorable terrain" on the narrow top of the mountain was occupied, so he said with a smile: "This is really 'Mo Daojun travels early, and there are early pedestrians'!" The leader borrowed a complete sentence Poetry, but the artistic conception it expresses is completely different. It contains the helplessness of the leaders for "the favorable terrain is occupied".Therefore, under the infection of his humor, the client also weakened some disappointment. (4) Image humor To have a sense of humor, language must have something to say and make it vivid.If you seek humor with facts, there is humor; if you seek humor with fiction, there is no humor.The language is real and vivid, can promote people's association, produce "concrete", and make people feel endless aftertaste. Once, Sun Yat-sen lectured on nationalism at Guangdong University.The auditorium is very small, there are many audiences, and the weather is stuffy, and many people are listless.Sun Yat-sen interspersed a story: When I was studying in Hong Kong that year, I saw many coolies gathering together to talk, and everyone who listened laughed.I felt strange, so I went forward.One of the coolies said: "Brother Housheng, finish your studies. Knowing our affairs will not help you." Another told me: "One of us is an expert, keep the number on the betting ticket firmly in mind, and hide it in the In the bamboo stick used to pick things every day. When the lottery was drawn, he actually won the first prize. He was overjoyed, thinking that after receiving the prize, he could buy a bungalow and start a business. When I got excited, I threw the bamboo stick into the sea. Needless to say, I also lost the betting ticket. Because I threw the bamboo stick before I got the money, the result was nothing but joy.” Sun Yat-sen’s humorous words attracted a lot of attention. There was a lot of laughter from the audience.Sun Yat-sen then returned to the main topic: "For most of us, nationalism is the bamboo stick, and we must not lose it!" Mr. Sun Yat-sen's story full of humor not only wakes up the drowsy people, but also wakes them up. The speech achieved good results. (5) Distorted humor Distorted humor is about connecting two seemingly unrelated things to create a discordant, unreasonable, and unexpected effect, thereby producing a sense of humor.Deliberately violate the routine, common sense, and common sense, use grammatical means, break the conventions of words, temporarily give them new interpretations, or even give distorted interpretations to the problem, and pinch irrelevant things together to "make a match", thus causing The dislocation of causal relationship or logical contradiction, get unexpected results and form a sense of humor. Intentional misinterpretation also includes subversion of concepts.Borrowing concepts used in the other person's conversation and giving them new content can also produce humorous effects. Another way to sneak in concepts is to "generalize".For questions that are too broad or relatively abstract, only one aspect of them is used to explain, which is not only conducive to answering difficult questions, but also reflects a sense of humor. Once, a journalist asked Bernard Shaw: "What is the difference between an optimist and a pessimist?" This is a very broad and abstract question.If you want to give an accurate answer in theory, I am afraid that you will have to spend a lot of effort and may not be able to satisfy the other party.So he said: "If there is a bottle of wine here that is only half left, if the person who sees this bottle shouts: 'Great, there is still half of it! ' This is an optimist; There's half left.' That's the pessimist." George Bernard Shaw cleverly used the method of "generalizing the whole", chose a vivid example, reduced the big to the small, and answered it easily and freely, not only with a sense of humor, but also endless aftertaste.This is the same way that Einstein explained his theory of relativity by using the difference between a young man sitting by a fire and a girl sitting next to him. (6) Pun-like humor "Punting" is one of the most powerful moves of humor. It is not only "humor", but also implies "wisdom". The "pun" is just right, and expresses views on people and things vividly. In addition to making people "can't help smiling" or "laughing", it is also a presentation of "witty life". The so-called pun means that what you say contains two meanings: one is the meaning of the sentence itself; the other is the extended meaning, from which humor comes out.It can also be said that the meaning of the words is here, so that the listener not only understands the words literally, but also understands the meaning behind the words. Using the homonym of the word to create a pun effect will appear very humorous. It is said that Li Hongzhang had a distant relative who was illiterate but keen on the imperial examinations, and wanted to use Li Hongzhang's relationship to get an official position.He opened the test paper in the examination room, but was unable to write.Seeing that the test paper was about to be handed in, he "had an idea" and wrote "I am the wife (relative) of Mr. Li Hongzhang Zhongtang" on the test paper, hoping to be admitted by the chief examiner.When the chief examiner was reviewing the examination paper, he found that he had written "Qi" as "wife" by mistake. He couldn't help but smiled, and picked up a pen to write on the paper: "That's why I dare not marry you." "Marry" has the same pronunciation as "take", and the examiner made a pun on his typo, "Wrong Appraisal", which is both ironic and interesting. (7) Ironic humor In the Qin Dynasty, there was a famous humorous character Youzhan.Once, Qin Shihuang wanted to expand the imperial garden on a large scale and raise more rare birds and animals for his own hunting and enjoyment.This is a waste of money and people, but none of the ministers dared to risk their lives to stop Qin Shihuang.At this time Youzhan stepped forward, and he said to Qin Shihuang: "Okay, this idea is very good. If you raise more rare birds and animals, the enemy will not dare to come. Even if the enemy comes from the east, order the elk to drive them back with its horns." Enough." Qin Shihuang couldn't help laughing, and made an exception and withdrew his order. The reason why he was able to persuade Qin Shihuang successfully was that his words seemed to agree with the emperor's idea, but the actual meaning was that if he followed the emperor's idea, the national power would be empty and the enemy would take the opportunity to attack, but the elk did not Ability pushed them back with its horns.On the other hand, if you agree with Qin Shihuang literally, it is enough to protect yourself; but the real meaning prompts Qin Shihuang to wake up in laughter, thus achieving his persuasive purpose. (8) Cleverly interpreted humor President Lincoln of the United States was very smart when he was young in school. Once the teacher wanted to stump him, so he asked: "I want to test you. Would you like to answer a difficult question? Or two easy questions?" "Answer a difficult question " "Okay, so tell me, how did the egg come about?" "Chicken," Lincoln replied. "Where did the chicken come from?" "Teacher, this is the second question." The teacher wanted to introduce Lincoln into the tangled question of "the chicken lays the egg, the egg lays the chicken", but Lincoln cleverly Explanation avoided. After the famous British female writer Agatha Christie married the archaeologist Max Ma Wenluo, who was 13 years younger than her, someone asked her why she married an archaeologist. She said humorously: "For any woman , an archaeologist is the best husband. Because the older his wife is, the more he loves her." This ingenious explanation not only reflects Christie's sense of humor, but also illustrates the harmony of their husband and wife relationship. The above two stories full of humor are a good illustration of the ingenious explanation that can produce a strong sense of humor, that is, the ingenious interpretation of the original meaning can produce humorous effects. 作为领导，讲话没有幽默感，即便再条理明晰，久而久之，也会像菜肴没有放盐一样嚼之无味。因之，要使自己的说话真正地有味，历久弥香，请注意以下三点： （1）幽默蕴涵着智慧和哲思 幽默是智慧的产物，能反映情绪智力的高低，也能促进身心健康。蕴藏着人生哲理、妙趣横生、妙语连珠的幽默，使人思想乐观、心情愉快、意志坚定、消除疲劳、注意力与记忆力集中。 One day, the famous poet Heine was writing at his desk.突然，有人敲门，原来是仆人送来一件邮包。The sender was Heine's friend Mr. Meir.海涅因紧张的写作而感到有些疲倦，又因被人打断写作思路而很不高兴。He impatiently opened the mailbag, which was covered with layers of paper.He tore layer after layer, and finally came up with a small note.小纸条上写着短短的几句话：“亲爱的海涅，我健康而又快活！衷心地致以问候。你的梅厄。”尽管海涅感到不耐烦，但是这个玩笑却逗得他十分快乐，疲倦感即刻消失。After adjusting his mood, he decided to play a joke on his friend.A few days later, Mr. Meir received a package from Heine.The mail bag was so heavy that he couldn't take it home.他雇了一个脚夫帮他扛回家去，到家后，梅厄打开了这令人纳闷的邮包。He was surprised to find that there was a big stone inside.石头上有一张便条，上面写着：“亲爱的梅厄！看了你的信，知道你又健康又快活，我心上的这块石头落地了。我把它寄给你，以永远纪念我对你的爱。” （2）幽默要表达友善和真诚 友善的幽默能表达人与人之间的真诚友爱，能沟通心灵，拉近人与人之间的距离，填平人与人之间的鸿沟，是希望和他人建立良好关系的不可缺少的东西。特别当一个人要表达内心的不满时，如果能使用幽默的语言，别人听起来会顺耳一些。当一个人需要把别人的态度从否定改变到肯定时，幽默具有很强的说服力。当一个人和他人关系紧张时，即使在一触即发的关键时刻，幽默也可以使彼此从容地摆脱不愉快的窘境或消除矛盾。 有一天，英国著名的文学家萧伯纳在街上行走，被一个骑自行车的冒失鬼撞倒在地，幸好没有受伤，只虚惊一场。骑车的人急忙扶起他，连连道歉，可是萧伯纳却惋惜地说：“你的运气不佳，先生，你如果把我撞死了，你就可以名扬四海了！” 萧伯纳的这一句妙语，把他和肇事者双方从不愉快的、紧张的窘境中解脱出来，使这场事故得到友好的处理。萧伯纳的幽默不仅给对方留下了难忘的印象，又给人以友爱和宽容。 一个很棘手的问题，被萧伯纳处理得极其巧妙，避免了不愉快的争执。 （3）幽默还应要注意对象和场合 幽默被誉为现代人为人处世的重要法宝之一，也是用来衡量一个人的口才乃至智慧的标准。很多人都在想方设法使自己成为一个幽默的人、一个有情趣的人。但是，幽默要注意场合、对象，把握一定的尺度，切不可生搬硬套。最不可取的是无话不幽默，且不分场合，不分对象，弄得大家烦不胜烦，成为茶余饭后的笑料。滥用幽默可能会冲淡你真正的工作成绩，得不偿失。正确的态度是把幽默看做味精——少则有味，多则恶心。 不分场合的幽默，结果只能适得其反。 使用幽默一方面要看准对象，看准场合。另一方面还要抓住时机。发挥幽默也需要“素材”，就是特定的场合、情境等，这些就像机遇一样，可遇而不可求，关键在于能否随机应变。如果为幽默而幽默，就会显得生硬、不合时宜、不伦不类，不但不能成为沟通中的“润滑剂”，反而还可能增加沟通的“摩擦系数”。 幽默能使人发笑，但却是启人心智的笑，是智慧的闪现。 第二次世界大战期间，英国首相丘吉尔来到华盛顿会见当时的美国总统罗斯福，要求美国与他们共同抗击德国法西斯，并给予英国物资援助。丘吉尔受到热情接待，被安排在白宫居住。 一天早晨，丘吉尔正躺在浴盆里，抽着他那特大号的雪茄烟。门开了，进来的正是罗斯福。丘吉尔大腹便便，肚皮露出水面……这两个首脑人物此刻相见，不免有些尴尬。此刻丘吉尔灵机一动，把烟头一扔，说：“总统先生，我这个英国首相在您面前，可真是开诚布公，一点隐瞒也没有啊。”说完后，两个人哈哈大笑起来。随后，双方的会谈获得成功。 在这里我们不能说丘吉尔的幽默对会谈的成功起到了巨大的作用，但他那“一点隐瞒也没有”，不仅缓解了当时个人和国家的窘境，而且含有坦诚求助、彼此信任的含义。罗斯福又怎能感受不到呢？ 前苏联心理学家普拉图谱夫说：“幽默在欢笑的背后隐藏着对事物的严肃态度，而讽刺却在严肃的形式背后隐藏着开玩笑。” 幽默的特点是尖锐而刻薄，俏皮而不直露，蕴藏着说话者温厚善良的气度和高超的语言艺术。有人甚至这样区分人的层次：听了别人的话能笑，这个人是正常人；自己能讲笑话让别人笑，此人有幽默感；能够自己拿自己开玩笑，此人有希望成为幽默大师，因为自嘲是幽默的最高品位。 创造幽默最重要的因素是有限的语言，可利用荒谬对比、设置悬念、反转突变、认同认识造成一种包含复杂感情、充满情趣而又耐人寻味的幽默意境。 领导者在人际交往中，轻松幽默地开个得体的玩笑，可以松弛神经，活跃气氛，营造出一个适于交际的轻松愉快的氛围，因而有幽默感的领导常常受到人们的欢迎与喜爱。但是，玩笑开得不好，幽默过了头则会适得其反，伤害感情，因此开玩笑要掌握好分寸，幽默要遵循得体原则。 （1）内容高雅 幽默的内容取决于幽默者的思想情趣与文化修养。幽默内容粗俗或者不雅，虽有时也能博人一笑，但过后就会变得乏味。而内容健康、格调高雅的玩笑所产生的幽默，不仅能给对方启迪和精神享受，而且也是对自己美好形象的有力塑造。 钢琴家波奇一次演奏时，发现全场有一半座位空着，他对听众说：“朋友们，我发现这个城市的人们都很有钱，我看到你们每个人都买了两三个座位的票。”于是这半屋子听众放声大笑。 （2）态度友善 对人友善是做人的一个原则，也是幽默的一个标准。一般来讲，幽默的过程，是感情互相交流传递的过程，如果借着开玩笑对别人冷嘲热讽，发泄内心厌恶、不满的感情，那么这种玩笑就无法称得上幽默。 也许有些人不如你口齿伶俐，表面上你占到上风，但别人会认为你不能尊重他人，从而不愿与你交往。 （3）区别对象 生活中每个人的身份、性格、心情不同，对玩笑的承受能力也不同。同样一个玩笑，能对甲开，不一定能对乙开，能对乙开，也不一定能对甲开。一般来说，晚辈不宜同前辈开玩笑；下级不宜同上级开玩笑；男性不宜同女性开玩笑。在同辈人之间开玩笑，则要掌握对方的性格特征与情绪信息。对方性格外向，能宽容忍耐，玩笑稍微过大也能得到谅解。The other party is introverted and likes to ponder the meaning behind the words, so you should be cautious when joking.对方尽管平时生性开朗，假如恰好碰上不愉快或伤心之事，就不能随便与之开玩笑。相反，对方性格内向，但正好喜事临门，此时与他开个玩笑，幽默的氛围会一下突现出来，效果也会出乎意料的好。 （4）分清场合 美国总统里根一次在国会开会前，为了试试麦克风是否好使，张口便说：“先生们请注意，五分钟之后，我们将对苏联进行轰炸。”一语既出，众皆哗然。里根在不恰当的场合、时间里，开了一个极为荒唐的玩笑。为此，前苏联政府提出了强烈抗议。 总的来说，幽默要注意场合，在庄重严肃的场合不宜开玩笑。 爱默生认为，如果你想主宰世界的话，您就必须先使这个世界充满乐趣。同样，一个领导者要想使自己的讲话富有魅力，就必须让自己的讲话富有生趣。享誉中外的幽默大师林语堂曾说过：“达观的人生观，率直无伪的态度，加上炉火纯青的技巧，再以轻松愉快的方式表达出你的意见，这便是幽默。” 在2000年8月举行的南部非洲发展共同体首脑会议上，曼德拉一连串妙语连珠的幽默话语征服了上千名与会者。曼德拉作为南非前总统出席了开幕式，主要是为接受南共体授予他的“卡马勋章”而来。他走到讲台前说：“这个讲台是为总统们设立的。我这位退休老人今天上台讲话，抢了总统的镜头。我们的总统姆贝基一定很不高兴。”话音刚落，笑声四起。这时，主持人为他搬来一把椅子，请他坐下演讲。他在谢过主持人后说：“我今年八十二岁，站着讲话不会双手颤抖得无法捧读讲稿；等到我百岁讲话时你再给我把椅子搬来。”会场里又是一阵笑声。曼德拉在笑声后开始正式发言。讲到一半，他把讲稿的页次弄乱了，不得不来回翻看。他脱口而出：“我把讲稿页次弄乱了，你们要原谅一位老人。不过，我知道在座的一位总统，在一次发言时也把讲稿页次弄乱了，而他自己却不知道，照样往下念。”这时，整个会场哄堂大笑。“其实，讲稿不是我弄乱的，秘书是不应该犯这样一个错误的。”结束讲话前，他说：“感谢你们把用一位博茨瓦纳老人名字（博茨瓦纳开国总统卡马）命名的勋章授予我这位老人。我现在退休在家，如果哪一天没钱花了，我就把这个勋章拿到大街上去卖。我肯定在座的一个人会出高价收购的，他就是我们的总统姆贝基。”这时，姆贝基情不自禁地笑出声来，连连拍手鼓掌，会场里掌声一片。 幽默不是滑稽，也不是尖酸刻薄，它应该包含智慧、亲切、诚恳，并带有丰富的人情味。一个具有幽默感的人，他最大的魅力并不止于谈吐风趣、会说话而已，他还能在紧急关头发挥机智，以一种了解、体谅的心情来待人处世、化解僵局。 美国加利福尼亚州议会某议员，因劝告一位正在发表冗长而乏味演讲的议员先生结束演讲，而被对方斥责“滚开”。他气冲冲地向议长申诉，议长说：“我已查过法典了，你的确可以不必滚开！” 幽默与嘲弄不同，幽默能提升一个人的自尊。给予双方愉快的感觉，是一种人格交流的平等互动；嘲弄却会强化一个人的自卑，使对方有挫败的感觉，是一种非平等的互动。 例如，当对下属说：“你是不是没有外套？从你一个月前来上班到现在，'每天'都看你穿这一件；而且闻起来有一股'奇怪的味道'，是不是没有洗过啊？”全体同事都跟着哄堂大笑，但是这位下属却窘得满脸通红，无地自容。 这当然不是幽默，而是一种嘲弄。带给下属的是一种不舒服的感觉。但是，如果这位领导能够闻闻自己那件唯一的并且含有异味的外套，就属幽默了！ 一个幽默的领导者，需要轻松自然地放下身段，与员工闲话家常，打成一片，甚至开一些无伤大雅的玩笑。 有些美国企业主管，甚至在“茶点时间”或“紧张时段”，呼吁单位员工进行一场“掷篮竞赛”——用纸团准确地投进垃圾筒里，借以舒解压力并产生人性化的互动。也有的领导者，喜欢将幽默、有趣的字句、图片或漫画，贴在自己的办公室门上，使欲见上级的员工，常常忍俊不禁，而以放松的心情与领导沟通。 21世纪的管理，已非昔日的层层权威结构。员工们都喜欢与幽默、活泼的领导者共事，而不是成天屈服在霸道、专制的领导底下。人性化的管理，是新时代的领导者亟须努力学习的领导模式；而幽默正是其强而有力的人际互动的媒介。