Chapter 306 Chapter 305 Hailing King Wan Yanliang

King Hailing, whose surname is Wanyan, first name Liang, style name Yuangong, and real name Digunai, is the grandson of Taizu. His father's name is Zongqian, and he is the eldest son of Taizu.Mother is Dashi.Jin Tianfu was born in the sixth year, and Zhenglong was killed in the sixth year.40 years old. Hailing was clever and eager to learn since he was a child. He used to be a teacher of Han Confucian Zhang Yongzhi, and studied the classics of Han Confucianism. Han Confucian scholars.He speaks and behaves like a young man of the Han family, and people of the same clan are out of tune with him.

In the third year of Tianjuan (1140 A.D.), when Hailing was 18 years old, Xizong gave him the title of General of Fengguo, serving in front of Liang Wang Zongbi's army.Hailing fought bravely and took the lead in fighting, coupled with his resourcefulness, he soon attracted Zong Bi's attention, was awarded the marching army ten thousand households, and was soon promoted to the general of the hussars.In the fourth year of Huangtong (AD 1144), Hailing was named General of the Dragon and Tiger Guard by Xizong, ordered to stay in Zhongjing, and promoted to Doctor Guanglu. However, Hailing was deeply dissatisfied with Xizong's succession to the throne as the grandson of Taizong. He believed that he was also the grandson of Taizu and should have the opportunity to succeed.During his stay in Zhongjing, Hailing searched and cultivated party members everywhere, and Xiao Yu was the most powerful confidant among them.

In the seventh year of Huangtong's reign, Hailing was summoned to the capital, where he was ordered to be sentenced to a serious matter and to join him.Soon, he was promoted to Shangshu Zuocheng.Hailing began to devote himself to expanding his authority, placing his confidants in important positions in various provinces and stations.Xiao Yu was first promoted to be the Minister of the Ministry of War, and soon served as a Tongzhi left behind in Beijing.In the second year, Hailing was worshiped as the right minister and also the marshal of the capital. He mastered the political and military power of the Jin Dynasty and began to seize power from all aspects.

In the last years of Xizong's reign, Zonggan and Zongbi passed away one after another. Xizong lost two important assistants and two princes at the same time.The emperor lost his heir, Xizong was depressed, drinking and having fun all day long, ignoring the government affairs, and all political affairs fell into the hands of the mourning empress Pei Manshi who was good at governance.Empress Mourning Ping acted arbitrarily, and all civil and military officials flattered her.As the right prime minister, Hailing also fell at the feet of the Queen of Mourning and colluded with her.Xizong knew a little about this, but pretended not to know.In the ninth year of Huangtong, Hailing celebrated his birthday. Emperor Xizong issued an edict to reward Hailing with a portrait of Sima Guang, a famous official in the Northern Song Dynasty, and a large amount of gold, silver and jewelry, and appointed his attendant Daxingguo to congratulate him.Empress Mourning Ping also asked Daxing Kingdom to bring a birthday gift to Hailing. Xizong was very unhappy when he learned about it. Ling was afraid that he would face a catastrophe because of this, and was panicked.Not long after, Zhang Jun, a bachelor, violated the emperor's will when drafting an edict for Xizong, and was given death.Zuo Prime Minister Zongxian took the opportunity to impeach Hailing for participating in the incident, and Xizong took this opportunity to demote Hailing and let him go to the leading office to save trouble.When passing through Beijing, Hailing met Xiao Yu, who was in charge of staying in Beijing, and the two conspired to seize the throne quickly. They agreed that Hailing would raise troops in Henan to proclaim the emperor first, and then move north after occupying Henan and Hebei. Xiao Yu would contact in the north Meng'an Mouk from all over the country raised troops to respond.When he arrived in Liangxiang, Hailing unexpectedly received an imperial edict from Xizong, asking him to return to the capital.Hailing returned to the capital anxiously, but was still given the Pingzhang administration.Hailing survived the catastrophe, so he accelerated the pace of seizing power.

On December 9th in the ninth year of Huangtong (1149 A.D.), Huining Mutang Kuobian's wife, Daiguo Princess, mourned Queen Ping for her mother and lived in the temple.That night, Hailing, Bingde and others all gathered at Tang Kuobian's house.At night, they broke into the palace, and Tang Kuo argued that he was the son-in-law, so no one doubted it.At 2 o'clock, Daxingguo opened the gate of Xizong's dormitory, and Hailing, Bingde, Tang Kuobian, Wudai, and the old monk Shi Li of the provincial capital swarmed in, and Xizong died under the knife.Hailing was proclaimed emperor. The next day, Hailing falsely claimed that Xizong was going to discuss the issue of the establishment of a queen, summoned all civil and military officials, and announced that Xizong had been punished for his innocence, and that he would inherit the throne by himself, and changed the ninth year of Huangtong to the first year of Tiande.Hailing ordered the killing of Zongmin, King Cao, and Zongxian, Prime Minister of Zuo.Bingde, the co-conspirator of the coup, was awarded the post of Prime Minister Zuo, Minister of the Middle, and Deputy Marshal of the Left; Hu is the right deputy inspector, Tu Shanzhen is the general of the left guard, and Daxingguo is Guangning Yin.

After Hailing succeeded in the coup, keeping the throne became his new problem.The Jurchen aristocratic conservative forces that threatened the throne from the ruling group, especially Bingde and Tang Kuobian who cooperated with him to kill Xizong but were closely connected with the conservative forces. Bingde is Zonghan’s grandson, Tang Kuobian is Xizong's son-in-law, and they are all court dignitaries, and it was not their intention to support Hailing.Bingde originally intended to establish the Taizu Sunge King, but Tang Kuobian first wanted to establish the Taizong's son Zongyi, and then wanted to establish the Zongben.

Hailing has long been aware of the fact that Bingde and Tang Kuobian are sharing different dreams with him.In the second year of Tiande (1150 A.D.), Wu Dai sent a letter to Hailing, informing Bingde of rebellion against Zongben. Hailing was furious after hearing this, and took advantage of this opportunity to send someone to Xingtai Shangshu Province, where Bingde worked, to kill him.Bingde's younger brother and more than 30 descendants of Zong Han were implicated. Hailing's regicide and usurpation of the throne aroused the opposition of many Jurchen aristocrats, among whom the most powerful were the Taizong princes.In April of the second year of Tiande, Hailing summoned Zongben and the Minister of Civil and Military Affairs in the name of playing ball, and killed Zongben and Tang Kuobian.Then they sent people to kill Zong Yi who stayed behind in Tokyo, Bian who stayed behind in Beijing, Yin Bi Wang Zongzhe in Yidu, Yin Bao in Pingyang, and Zuo Xuanhui envoy Beijing.More than 70 descendants of Taizong were killed, and Taizong's family was extinct.

After Hailing consolidated his rule, he promulgated the "Decree of Asking for Words", and everyone from the court officials and officials to the common people could submit letters to give advice.So the servants Liang Hanchen and He Bunian wrote a letter requesting to move the capital to Yanjing.Hailing had long intended to move the capital, so he accepted their suggestion and ordered Shangshu Youcheng Zhang Hao to serve as an envoy to build Yanjing.After 3 years, the construction of Yanjing was completed. The Yanjing capital was designed by Kong Yanzhou, and it was built completely according to the Bianjing model.The circumference of the capital city is 37 miles, and there are more than 225,000 households of Jurchen, Han, Mongolian, and Khitan residents.The houses in the city are arranged in an orderly manner, and the shops are row upon row. To the south of the city is the majestic imperial city, and to the south of the imperial city is the palace city. The circumference of the palace city is 9 li and 30 steps.Its main entrance is Xuanyang Gate.There are 9 palaces in the city, with a total of 36 halls, all of which were made by Bianjing craftsmen.

On April 17th of the first year of Zhenyuan (1153 A.D.), Hailing resisted all opinions and led all civil and military officials to move the capital to Yanjing.When entering Yanjing City, Hailing adopted Han family etiquette for the first time.On April 21st, the imperial edict to move the capital was announced to the world, and Yanjing was changed to Zhongdu, Xijinfu was changed to Daxingfu, Bianjing was changed to Nanjing, Liaozhongjing Dadingfu was changed to Beijing, Liaoyangfu was changed to Tokyo, and Datongfu It is Xijing, and the system of five capitals is retained.An imperial edict was also issued to change the fifth year of Tiande to the first year of Zhenyuan.

After Hailing moved the capital, he forced a large number of Jurchen aristocrats to move southward, and merged Taizu, Liao Wang Zongqian, and Qin Wang Zonghan and Meng'an to form his own army, called "Hezha Meng'an", and moved to the central capital. At the same time, You advised Uli Bumeng'an, Master Xu, Zongzheng Zongmin and other families to move to Zhongdu.At the same time, a mausoleum was built in Dafangshan, and the coffins of Taizu and Taizong were moved from Shangjing to be buried.In October of the second year of Zhenglong (1157 A.D.), Hailing ordered the destruction of the palaces in the old city of Huining Mansion, the mansions of various great clans, and Chuqing Temple, and razed them to be used as arable land for farmers to cultivate.

Hailing then carried out a series of reforms.In the first month of the second year of Tiande (1150 A.D.), Hailing issued an imperial edict to inform the government and the public about seven things: encouraging officials to guard, farming, prudent punishment, exalting obscenity, sympathizing with the poor, saving money, and examining talents. The policy of the country opened the first page of political reform. First of all, various measures were taken to strengthen the imperial power.In the second year of Tiande, in order to eliminate the power held by the Jurchen nobles, Hailing issued an edict to abolish Zhongjing, Tokyo, Linhuang, Xianping, Taizhou and other Lujie Towns and Meng'an Mouke.Cancel the division of Meng'an Mouke into the upper, middle and lower classes, and only call it "Zhumeng'an Mouke".In the second year, Hailing abolished the "official of ten thousand households" who guarded the land, and transferred power to the head of thousands of households.In the second year of Zhenyuan (1154 A.D.), Hailing ordered to re-determine the law of yin narration, stipulating that the imperial family had limited yin from the first rank to the seventh rank, and abolished the system of using shade for the eighth rank.In the second year of Zhenglong (1157 A.D.), Hailing completely revised the system of conferring titles below princes. High-ranking officials should also consider whether to decline or decline.In the future, regardless of public or private documents, all those with the word Wangjue must be removed immediately, even the tomb inscriptions are no exception. In the last years of Emperor Xizong, the internal ruling institutions of the Jin Dynasty were bloated and the officials were overstaffed.After Hailing came to the throne, he used strong political tactics to quickly streamline the ruling organization, strengthen the centralization of power, and greatly improve the administrative efficiency of the court.In order to strengthen the central government's control over the local area, Hailing also delineated a complete set of local administrative division system, dividing the whole country into 5 Dajing Roads and 14 administrative offices. In the early stage of his reign, Hailing was a farsighted monarch in the history of the Jin Dynasty. During his reign, he was diligent in political affairs, observed elegant words, and strictly disciplined himself.Soon after he came to power, he ordered civil and military officials to bluntly say that the government had lost the interests of the residents.In order to better listen to the advice of his courtiers, Hailing also specially selected 10 courtiers to form a think tank for consultation. Hailing used the law to restrain his subordinates, strictly prohibited officials from indulge in civil affairs, seeking peace of mind, and used diligence and laziness as the standard for rewarding and punishing officials.Officials are not allowed to be absent from duty without reason, and only when their parents die can they take three days off.Hailing also prohibits officials at all levels from believing in gods and ghosts and advocating Buddhist things. Hailing advocated clean and honest officials and a frugal life, and he himself practiced it himself. He usually wore mended clothes, ate only fish, not geese and ducks, and got rid of the animals raised in the royal garden.In December of the fifth year of Zhenglong, Hailing promulgated a ban on alcohol, stipulating that court officials were not allowed to drink alcohol casually, and only envoys from the three kingdoms of Song, Goryeo, and Xia could drink alcohol when they came to the court. Hailing gradually perfected various judicial systems.During the reign of Zhenglong, he promulgated the written public law - "Continuing the System of Documents".The Dengwen Procuratorate was set up in the central government, and those who mishandled their prison affairs could submit their complaints to the Dengwen Procuratorate.The procuratorate delivered it to Yushitai for investigation and retrial.Hailing also set up criminal prosecution departments for other provinces to directly inquire about the legal system of local governments and the handling of major cases.For the punishment of ministers, Hailing only imposed a stick on the hip, and opposed exile and distribution. Hailing is committed to the cultivation and selection of talents.In the third year of Tiande, Hailing began to set up the Jurchen Guozijian to recruit the descendants of the clan, relatives, meritorious officials, and officials above the third rank to be educated. Those who were over 15 years old were enrolled in Ci Fu Jingyi, and those under 15 years old were enrolled in primary schools. There are 10 subjects such as arithmetic and medicine, and the children of nobles of all ethnic groups are recruited to study.In order to better select talents, the Hailing Daxing imperial examination system initially selected scholars based on classics and history, and the examinations were divided into three levels: township, government, and court.After Hailing moved the capital to Yanjing, he held a special palace examination, and personally asked about the important matters of selecting officials, or "observed the examination at Linxuan", or "read the examination papers in person at the Imperial Palace".Hailing also wrote questions for the examinees many times, such as "Not expensive and foreign things are enough for the people", "A loyal minister is like a filial son", "Worrying about the country is like hunger and thirst" and so on. In the early years of Hailing, he was diligent in political affairs and reformed the administration of officials, which greatly improved the efficiency of administrative work, firmly established a strong feudal centralization of the Jin Dynasty, and laid the foundation for the emergence of a prosperous age in the future. Hailing also pays great attention to grasping the country's financial resources and attaches great importance to economic development.First of all, send all kinds of envoys to persuade farmers to reward the development of agricultural production in various places.He Shilie Loushi and other ministers were also sent to visit various places, and some unused land was returned to landless tenants for cultivation, and the state charged them a small amount of land rent.Hailing also paid attention to educating future generations to pay attention to agricultural production. Hailing said that he has three ambitions in his life: first, to make decisions on the country's military and political affairs;In the early days of becoming emperor, Hailing was diligent in political affairs and lived a frugal life, resembling a wise monarch.But as time went by, Hailing gradually began to indulge her various selfish desires.Indulgence became a major part of his life.After he came to the throne, the number of concubines in the harem was more than that of Emperor Sui Yang.He is immoral and disregards ethics, even his own nieces and cousins ​​are not spared.They also often summon the family members of hundreds of officials, and when they see young and beautiful people, they must try their best to get them. Hailing had a strong desire for power, and he made it his lifelong goal to unify the whole country and become the orthodox emperor of China. Moving the capital to Yanjing was his first step in unifying the whole country.In Yanjing, he rejected the nobles of the clan, rebuilt the central ruling organization, and reused people of insight from the Han, Bohai, and Khitan ethnic groups. He established a strong imperial power and realized personal dictatorship, which laid the foundation for his southern invasion of Zhao and Song. Hailing strongly advocated launching a war of aggression against the Song Dynasty and unifying the south of the Yangtze River, but only a handful of people in the court agreed.Among the opponents, the most powerful representative is the Empress Dowager Tu Shan.Tu Shan is the official wife of Hailing's father, Zonggan, and has a good relationship with Hailing's biological mother, Dashi.In the third year of Zhenyuan (1155 A.D.), the Prime Minister of You, San Shigong, and Prime Minister of Dazong, Balu, were ordered to go to Shangjing to move to the mountain mausoleum.Hailing treats Tu Shan's positively and negatively, on the surface she treats her as a mother, which is quite filial, but in fact she hates her very much.Tu Shan tried to persuade Hailing not to go south many times, Hailing was even more dissatisfied, and finally ordered Tu Shan to be killed, his bones were burned, and then thrown into the water.A dozen of Tu Shan's servants were also killed at the same time.Hailing finally got rid of the opposition who invaded the south, and blocked the mouths of the Dajus. In June of the sixth year of Zhenglong (1161 A.D.), Hailing moved all the civil and military officials to Bianjing.In September, Hailing swore in Bianjing and went south to invade the Song Dynasty. His troops were divided into four groups. Hailing personally led 32 soldiers in charge and marched into Shouchun. At the beginning of the war, the Jin army had a bad start.All the way to attack Lin'an from the sea was defeated by Li Bao's navy in the Southern Song Dynasty at Chenjiadao, Jiaoxi County, Mizhou.The Jin army attacking Sichuan and Shaanxi was also severely hit by the Song army.The Jin army invaded by Tang and Deng Nan was also prepared by the Song army, and the accumulated grain and grass were burned again, so they changed to Huaidong.Only the main force of the Jin army led by Hailing occupied Luzhou, Yangzhou, Hezhou and other places when the Song army was undefended, forming a situation of confrontation with the Song army along the river, and achieved a temporary victory. In order to continue the southward invasion, Hailing rushed to build warships in Hezhou, built a platform on the river, and prepared to cross the river to attack Caishi town.Hailing took the stage wearing golden armor and directed the crossing of the river in person.He set up red flags and yellow flags on both sides of the Yangtze River.If the red flag stands, we will advance, and if the yellow flag stands, we will retreat.Due to the Jin army's inexperience in water warfare and the heroic resistance of the Song army, the Jin army was defeated and moved to Guazhou.Hailing planned to cross the Yangtze River from Guazhou Ferry to seize Zhenjiang.Hailing was eager to cross the river, and the military order was desperate. He ordered the sergeants and soldiers who fled to kill Meng'an;The whole army was very afraid.Coupled with the civil strife in the Jin Dynasty at this time, Jin Shizong proclaimed himself emperor Liaoyang, morale was weak, and Hailing became more and more isolated. On November 27th, Yan Yuanxuan, Minister of the Ministry of War and the leader of the military and horse capital of Western Zhejiang Province, took advantage of this opportunity to take advantage of this opportunity with his son Wang Xiang, Tu Danshou, the general manager of Wu Shengjun, Meng'an Tang Kuo Wuye, Mouke Wulubao, Wei Xue, and Wendu Changshou He led the soldiers to attack Hailing's camp, and Hailing was shot to death by random arrows.Li Tong, the right minister of Shangshu, Shan Yongnian, the supervisor of the army, Liang Liu of the close servant bureau, and Daqingshan, the deputy envoy, were also killed.Wanyan Yuanxuan led the army back to the north and killed Prince Guangying in Nanjing.The Hailing Dynasty was destroyed. In the second year of Dading (AD 1162), Emperor Shizong of Jin issued an imperial edict to confer him the title of King of Hailing County, posthumously named "Yang", and his body was buried in the cemetery of the kings of Lumen Valley in Dafang Mountain.In the 20th year of Dading, Emperor Shizong issued an edict and granted him the title of Hailing Commoner.