Chapter 14 Subei murder case

He was born in Consort Lane, Shanyang County, Huai'an Prefecture, Jiangsu Province, and his nickname was Da Luan. His family was originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang, and his grandfather came to Shanyang to be the governor, so he took root.My father has been working outside all the year round and rarely comes home.His mother is the daughter of Wan Qingxuan, the former governor of Qinghe County, so he lived in Qingjiangpu Town, Qinghe County for a while when he was young. Both Qingjiangpu and Shanyang counties were very important cities before the end of the Qing Dynasty.The Jiangbei admiral appointed by the imperial court was stationed in Qingjiangpu (now Huaiyin), and he ruled along the river with the Jiangsu admiral stationed in Nanjing militarily.What does it mean to have two admirals in one province?This shows the importance of the northern Jiangsu region.Since ancient times, the Yangtze River, known as the natural moat, has never played a role in determining the outcome of the north and the south. The battlefield of the decisive battle is often in the area between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River. Those who win the Jianghuai River win the world.

In 1905, the Qing court even had a plan to divide Jiangsu into two provinces. The northern part was called Jianghuai Province, and the governor was stationed in Qingjiangpu.Although this proposal failed due to too many opposition from the government and the people, the status of Qingjiangpu as a hub is very obvious. In the past, water transportation went north, and here was a transshipment point. The northern canal is shallow and only water transportation is allowed. Transfer to a cart or donkey and enter Shandong.More importantly, the Jiangbei Admiral and the Jianghuai Admiral are under the jurisdiction of the Beiyang Minister and the Nanyang Minister respectively.From the perspective of the end of the Qing Dynasty, Qingjiangpu was Yuan Shikai's sphere of influence, and Yuan Shikai's emphasis on this place can be seen from the candidates for the Jiangbei admiral: Wang Shizhen, the "Dragon of Beiyang", was succeeded by Duan Qirui, the "Tiger of Beiyang". There are two of the three masters who have experienced this position.

Of course, Shanyang is also an important town, known as "the throat of the seven provinces, the gateway of the capital", because the Governor's Office of Water Transport is located in Shanyang City.In the late Qing Dynasty, the transport of water was transferred to sea, and Shanyang was not as lively as before. However, its geographical location of "Wu with Chu" is still very important. Speaking of which, we can't help but look forward to this thirteen-year-old Da Luan, who grew up in the "first state in the southeast", a family of officials, loves poetry and books, and has a cousin who is very close to the League. How to watch the drama of the restoration of 1911 staged on the banks of the canal?

Unfortunately, Daluan went to the Northeast to visit relatives in the spring of 1910. One of his cousins ​​was in Yinzhou, Fengtian Province, which is today's big city Tieling.In autumn, he moved to an uncle's house in Fengtian (Shenyang), and studied in the newly built Fengtian No. 6 Second Class Primary School.After the Wuchang Incident in 1911, Daluan cut off her braids, and when answering the teacher's question "Why study?" in a self-cultivation class, she uttered the famous saying: "For the rise of China." Does the young Zhou Enlai know what kind of turmoil and blood baptism his distant hometown is experiencing?

On the tenth day of September (October 31), before Yuan Shikai left the mountain, Duan Qirui was transferred to Beijing to replace Feng Guozhang on the front line in Wuhan.Before Yang Mushi took office, he was supervised by Huaiyang Haibing Beidao Xiliang.At that time, the 13th mixed formation association of the new army stationed in Qingjiangpu was equivalent to the strength of a brigade in later generations.Xiliang is a banner man, already over sixty years old, "drinking blogs on weekdays, and being happy to welcome people", now he is suddenly asked to temporarily manage a new army of the Association, which is really difficult.

It had only been four days since Duan Qirui left. At 9:00 p.m. on September 14th, suddenly dozens of soldiers from the new army ran to the Daotai yamen, lined up, raised their guns, and let go!Two rows of guns were fired, but no one was injured, and everyone returned to the base camp. What does it mean?Xi Liang was puzzled and discussed with his staff. Everyone felt that Brother A Bing was causing trouble because he was asking for food and salary.So the next day, Xiliang bought more than 90 pigs, held a big feast, rewarded the officers and soldiers of the All-Association, and promised to pay an extra month this month.This is what it means to buy the morale of the army.

Unexpectedly, the cavalry and artillery of the Thirteen Associations attacked the city at the same time that night, and even used artillery to bombard the city tower at dawn.Xi Liang rushed out from the south gate with his family and fled by boat on Hongze Lake.At nine o'clock in the morning on the 16th, the county magistrate of Qinghe led the city's gentry and people to hoist a white flag, announcing the restoration of Qingjiangpu. However, the two people who led the uprising, one surnamed Zhao and the other surnamed Gong, were only officers of the supply battalion and the engineering battalion in the Thirteenth Association. Their identities were unknown and they disappeared after the success of the uprising. Originally, they followed suit, and there was no revolutionary thought. As soon as the team entered the city, the uprising immediately turned into a mutiny. They robbed wantonly, shops and houses were all destroyed.Even the more than half of the more than one hundred thousand taels of silver stored in the Admiral's Office in Jiangbei was taken away-some people say, where are the soldiers of the Thirteenth Association full of revolution?It was all aimed at Ku Yin.

After a few days of turmoil, some new troops who had never participated in the mutiny finally joined forces with several patrol battalions in the south of the city to enter the city and quell the riot.Then, the military officers gathered with the gentry and merchants in the city, and elected the Superintendent and Training Office to deliberate on Jiang Yan's behavior as the temporary governor of Jiangbei. Jiang Yanxing was Duan Qirui's general. When Wang Shizhen left and Duan Qirui was not in office, he and Jin Yunpeng jointly managed the Qingjiangpu garrison.He became the governor, but he was not recognized by Shanghai or Suzhou. According to Shanghai's "Minli Daily", the "Jianghuai Restoration Group" organized by Qingjiang people in Shanghai held a meeting, and even denounced Jiang Yanxing as a fake revolution. The inscription on the notice turned out to be "Qingjia's third-rank title is temporarily appointed as the admiral of Jiangbei".Yang Mushi, who was sent by the Qing court to succeed the admiral of Jiangbei, also arrived in Qingjiangpu at this time, and was elected by the local gentry as the interim chief of civil affairs.Qing Jiangpu's regime is indeed changing the soup but not the medicine.

Seeing that the situation was stable, suddenly some rebels, mainly Xuzhou people, went and returned, stationed in the mulberry garden in the north of the city.The leader, Liu Bingzhi, went to Jiang Yanxing and asked for salary and food.Jiang Yanxing first said that the businesses in the city were being robbed so badly that he couldn't afford it, and then he said that Liu's army "has no roster of people, and I can't give you money even if I have money." The gun slapped on the table: "I won't go back without pay, please kill me!" Jiang Yanxing was shocked, so he had to calm down and give him some money.

After Liu left, Jiang Yanxing immediately held an emergency meeting, thinking that this army was a scourge, who is their leader?Some people say "Chen Xingzhi".Jiang Yanxing dispatched troops to encircle and wipe out the mulberry garden, but suffered from insufficient strength. It happened that Chen Xingzhi came to see Jiang Yanxing and said that he wanted to discuss the adaptation.Jiang Yanxing thought that he was asking for money again, turned his face without saying a few words, tied Chen Xingzhi to the lotus pond in the back garden and shot him. I didn't know that I killed the wrong person!Chen Xingzhi is a member of the Revolutionary Party and a student of Xuzhou Middle School.In his hometown of Suining, he met a group of Xuzhou soldiers who ran back from Qingjiangpu, and advised them: "If you disperse and go home, you will lose your life if you trace them in the future. It is better to go back to make a revolution. There is a lot to do, and it is more cost-effective than robbery. "Through persuasion and scaring, this group of stragglers was gathered together again, and he brought them back to Qingjiangpu for revolution.It was just that the payment and food could not be resolved, so Liu Bingzhi was sent to find Jiang Yanxing for accommodation, but the conversation fell apart, and Chen Xingzhi was killed, and the troops he led were also disarmed and dismissed.

After the founding of the Republic of China, Xuzhou Congressman Chen Shimao (it is said that he is Chen Xingzhi's younger brother, mistakenly) appealed to the governor of Jiangsu Cheng Dequan and the president of the Republic of China Yuan Shikai, asking for justice for Chen Xingzhi. He also wrote a book and complained to the society with blood and tears.However, Jiang Yanxing is Duan Qirui's old subordinate, who would dare to touch him?No way, Yang Mushi, who was supposed to be the admiral of Jiangbei at that time, was made a scapegoat for Qingjiang Civil Affairs Chief at that time. He was first dismissed from his position, and then ordered the Jiangsu Procuratorate to arrest Yang pending trial.Yang Mushi had no choice but to escape from Nanjing overnight, and after a lot of effort, the lawsuit was settled. This is almost a replica of the Zhou Ruan case in Shanyang County, except that the latter is much more tragic. When Jiangpu in Qing Dynasty was in turmoil, the four townships were also in great turmoil.Neighboring states and counties organized regiments to practice self-defense for fear of being disturbed by rioting soldiers.Among them, the most tense one is naturally Shanyang, which is forty miles away.There are almost no garrisons in the city. What should we do if there are rebellious soldiers or people to attack? Here we met an acquaintance: Do you still remember Jing Meijiu's "Guofeng Daily" in Beijing and launched the "Putting Movement"?Yes, Ding Baoquan, the governor of Shanxi who was pulled out, was from Shanyang County, Huai'an Prefecture.After he resigned from his job and returned to his hometown in June of the lunar calendar, he built a new garden at home, and he was very happy. Unexpectedly, he had not lived the happy life of a rich man for two months, when he heard that Wuchang had changed, followed by Shanghai and Suzhou, and he was terrified. The whole family fled to the Shanghai Concession.However, he was afraid of people's perception when he fled, so he didn't carry much luggage. The next day, a few servants brought four large suitcases onto the boat. The box was moved back to the General Bureau for storage.A few months later, a staff member of the bureau paraded across the market wearing a fox fur robe. The directors of the bureau hurriedly opened the box to check. The box was full of rubble, and most of the bureau staff had resigned. Influenced by Ding Baoquan, the gentry in the city fled one after another.A subordinate official went to the government office to report the matter, only to find out that Liu Mingyu, the prefect of Huai'an, had absconded with his family and swept away most of the treasury's silver.The rest of the gentry had to rely on the "overall situation" to raise funds to form a militia group, recruit more than a hundred brave people from the village, greet them with delicious food and drink, patrol day and night, and set up branch offices at four gates. The countrymen who were pleasing to the eye were caught and beheaded in front of the screen wall of the Yamen compound of the Governor of Water Transport, and killed more than 20 people in a row. The militia is enough to guard against the rioters in the four townships, but if the Qinghe rioters come, it is estimated that they will not be able to deal with it, and most of these township braves themselves are ruffians, and they have made Shanyang City a mess.At this time, there were revolutionaries in the township who stood up, led by Zhou Shi and Ruan Shi. Zhou Shi is a student of Liangjiang Normal School. He is a founding member of Nanshe, known as the "eyebrow in the society".Zhou Shi originally wanted to gather a crowd in the city of Nanjing to cooperate with the Jiangsu-Zhejiang Allied Forces to attack the city, but he didn't want a letter from Nanshe boss Liu Yazi to recruit him to Shanghai.Liu Yazi believed that northern Jiangsu was located between the north and the south, the location was critical, and the situation was complicated, so he urged Zhou Shi to return to his hometown for revolution.So he returned to Shanyang on November 7, the day after the Qingjiangpu mutiny. His good friend Ruan Shi is a classmate of his Ningxia Normal School. He has been educated for generations and has a wealthy family. Although he has never traveled outside his hometown, he is a teacher in Shanyang Higher Primary School and an editor of Shanghai "Nubao". Also celebrities.In the first year of Xuantong (1909), Nanshe was established. Zhou Shi once wrote to Ruan Shi, asking him to establish a branch of Nanshe, "Huainanshe" in Shanyang. Zhou Shi has the identity of a revolutionary party and a revolutionary plan, Ruan Shi has family wealth and local contacts, and Sanyang "disaster is imminent", so he must settle down as soon as possible and seek recovery.Just because of the war in Shanghai and Nanjing, many Shanyang students who were in Ning and Shanghai returned to their hometowns. Zhou and Ruan gathered these students, plus Ruan Shi’s disciples in Shanyang Higher Primary School, there were also eighty or ninety students, and the establishment was immediately The "student team" patrols on its own and defends both inside and outside. When the regime is paralyzed and there is no one to rely on, the greatest hope of the gentry and merchants is for someone to take charge of the overall situation. Who cares whether your surname is Ge or Li?Looking at the daily patrols of this student team, the order in the city has indeed improved, so the director of the bureau held a meeting to discuss and decided that the overall situation would provide the student team with guns and bullets to replace the gang of Xiangyong who had lax discipline. As soon as the student team was armed, the first thing they did was to run to the prefect's office, fire a row of guns, tear down the dragon flag and tear it to pieces, and then planted the white flag.Such actions are outrageous, but the magistrate has absconded and the county magistrate stays behind closed doors, who will take care of them?Moreover, since the student team took over the city defense, the city is in order, and the shops are open as usual. Zhou Shi sent a student from Nanjing Army Middle School and Primary School to return home to teach and train. Shanyang County seems to have its own excellent armed forces. Even the arrival of the rebellious soldiers from the Thirteenth Association seems to be nothing to worry about. People's hearts are determined, so what kind of flag does it matter? Ordinarily, the next step should be the establishment of the Huai'an military government branch.However, Zhou Shi was ordered to return to his hometown, and it seemed inconvenient to announce the establishment by himself.Following the rules, he sent people to approach the Jiangbei Governor's Mansion in Qingjiangpu, and at the same time changed the student team into a "patrol department". Zhou and Ruan were appointed as the chief and deputy ministers. There is a vacuum period.Pulling up the dragon flag, not announcing recovery, not establishing a new regime, Qingjiangpu side, I haven't figured it out yet.Although the Shanyang gentry and merchants rely on the student team to defend the city, they are always worried about a student in his twenties taking power.So the directors of the bureau held another meeting to discuss, and elected Yao Rongze, the former magistrate of Yangshan County, as the county magistrate, in charge of commercial, civil and political affairs.The Patrol Department has no political power yet, so it did not oppose it. Fortunately, on November 12, Qing Jiangpu cited Jiang Yan as the governor of Jiangbei, and immediately sent a message to Shanyang County anyway, asking the officials and gentry in Shanyang to send representatives to the governor's mansion to discuss matters.Unexpectedly, Yao Rongze, the county magistrate, was more stubborn than Jiang Yanxing, who had the title of "Third Grade Qingjia", and refused to attend the meeting—how could Yao Rongze have such courage?Some people say that Yao Rongze is a student of Governor Ding who fled to Shanghai. Although Ding Baoquan left his hometown, he has been controlling the situation in Shanyang by remote control. Naturally, Zhou Shi and others went to Qingjiangpu on behalf of Shanyang.As soon as Zhou Shi left, Yao Rongze spread rumors in the city of Shanyang, saying that Zhou Shi was a revolutionary party member who came back from Shanghai. As soon as he came back, he would become the governor of Shanyang and "kill officials and rob gentry".Most of the gentry and merchants don’t read the newspapers, but only listen to the rumors. It is said that many Manchu and Han officials were killed in the Wuchang Incident, and the shops were also looted severely. Imagine how murderous the word "revolution" is, and I can’t help but believe it. Zhou Shi came back Rumors of what will happen. There is a reason for the saying "killing officials and robbing gentry".According to Jiang Xiangyi, the propaganda director of the patrol department, after Yao Rongze became the county magistrate, he "privately raised" 40 soldiers to serve as guards.Before the gentry and merchants elected the county governor, the patrol department could ignore it, but now they have to recruit their own armed forces. Zhou, Ruan and others immediately intervened, forbidding the recruitment, and asked Yao Rongze to account for the county treasury's accounts. Two pistols were pointed at Yao Rongze's chest (is it very similar to Liu Bingzhi drawing a gun and threatening Jiang Yanxing?).Yao Rongze was so frightened that his face turned ashen, and he quickly promised to disband the guards and make a book and hand it over within three days. Jiang Xiangyi suggested to Zhou and Ruan that the old officials were an obstacle to the future of the revolution, and if they were not killed, they should also be expelled.If you keep them in the city and still give them authority, but also threaten them, it may be a way to bring disaster. "Zhou Po made a prediction, but Ruan ignored it." On November 14, Zhou Shi returned to Shanyang from Jiangpu, Qingjiang, and held a restoration meeting in the Cao Department. More than 5,000 people attended the meeting.However, Yao Rongze, the county governor, did not come to the meeting.This made Ruan Shi angry. In his speech, he said that "Yao Rongze's failure to avoid the meeting is an act of opposing the restoration", and by the way he scolded the "evil gentry" in the county. Many gentlemen and businessmen, because the county magistrate was not available, did not say a word even though they attended the meeting.Ruan's speech seemed to confirm the rumor of "killing officials and robbing gentry". That night, Yao Rongze convened a meeting of the gentry, including Dianshi and generals, in Haihui Temple.It is said that Yao Rongze proposed that "Zhou Ruan must be killed" and that "gentlemen don't say yes or no". At noon on November 17, Zhou Shi was invited to a luncheon at the home of the squire He Boshan.On the way back to the school, someone suddenly stopped the horse with Yao Rongze's business card, saying that Governor Yao was waiting for discussion in the school.Zhou Shi went happily, probably thinking that civil servants were powerless to assassinate.Unexpectedly, as soon as he stepped into the school commonly known as the "Confucian Temple", he was shot twice in the chest! Records at this time are inconsistent.When it was said that Zhou Shi fell to the ground, Yang Jianting, a former general of the Qing Dynasty, stepped forward and fired five shots, killing him instantly; others said that after two shots, Yao Rongze planned to have the head of the rebellious party cut off with a knife, Zhou Shi said "calmly" : "Civilized world, please shoot." So he abandoned the knife and used a gun, firing five bullets in a row. Yang Jianting put down his gun, and immediately led Tuan Yong straight to Ruan's mansion, surrounded the house first, and then went in to invite Ruan Shi: Minister Zhou and Governor Yao are discussing matters in the school palace, and the deputy minister is invited to go.Ruan Shi had just finished eating, and when he left the house, he was tied up and taken to the academy. When Ruan Shi saw Yao Rongze, he yelled at "captive officials", then turned his head and said to Tuan Yong who was guarding him, "Brothers, kill as soon as you want, make a quick decision, don't delay!" Yao Rongze hated Ruan Shi to the bone. You were originally one of my subjects, but you threatened me with a gun and scolded you in public. What enmity do I have with your Ruan family in previous lives?Zhou Shi let him die so badly, you, Ruan Mengtao, don't even think about it! He prepared a local rogue named Zhu Er for Ruan Shi.If others can't do it, Zhu Er can.On this winter afternoon, Ruan Shi, a 23-year-old elementary school teacher, died tragically in the school palace dedicated to the most holy teacher. "The abdominal cavity was cut open, and the liver and intestines came out." Get flushed.According to folklore, Ruan Shi is still not a full ghost. Of course, Yao Rongze would not think that he could be the county magistrate in Shanyang safely after killing Zhou Ruan.But he didn't expect the foreign troops to come so quickly. Two days later, Lin Shuqing, the governor of the Zhenjiang military branch, sent a part of the Northern Expedition detachment to Shanyang to "put down the chaos."Of course, the leader of the town army was the first to find out who the murderer of Zhou Ruan was, but Yao Rongze didn't know how to perfunctory him, and with a feast of humble words, he entertained the town army every day, promising to find the murderer and avenge the two martyrs. Stabilizing the town army, Yao Rongze opened the bank, distributed part of the silver to the gentry involved in this matter, and fled with a huge sum of money.where to goNantong Zhang Ji's home.This should be the retreat that Yao Rongze had discussed with his teacher Ding Baoquan long ago. However, Zhou Ruan's colleague Zhou Renju and others fled Shanyang overnight that day, and immediately went to Shanghai to find people and complain.The first person to come out was Liu Yazi, the leader of the Nanshe. He and the head of the Nanshe wrote a letter to Chen Qimei, the governor of the Shanghai Army who was also a member of the Nanshe. words.The Huai'an Academy also sent more than 50 representatives to Shanghai to petition. "For a while, the military, political, and academic circles, as well as official letters, reports, and petitions from the families of the victims, poured them into the Shanghai Military Governor's Mansion." But Yao Rongze's power is not weak.First of all, Zhang Jian in Nantong refused to hand over the person, and Ding Baoquan also mobilized the gentry and merchants in Shanyang in Shanghai to "discriminate false accusations" for Yao Rongze.Shanghai's various newspapers, according to the different forces behind it, insisted on their own words, and worked together to stir up an uproar in public opinion.From January to April in the first year of the Republic of China, newspaper reports and comments were endless. The incident was so big that it naturally alarmed the interim president Sun Wen.Sun Wen ordered Jiangsu Metropolitan Superintendent to Interrogate, so the Jiangsu Procuratorate sent people to Nantong to arrest Yao Rongze, but Zhang Jian refused. Behind this struggle, there is actually still a battle for the republican model.What Jiangsu gentry want is "salt and reform". It is possible to overthrow the Qing court, but as long as the old officials are able to do things and are willing to cooperate, they can adopt the Suzhou model for a smooth transition; Conservative change of dressing?The Tongmenghui, headed by Chen Qimei, was brave and aggressive, and had conflicts with gentry and merchants in Shanghai, Suzhou, Nanjing, Zhejiang, and in the capital, as well as in northern Jiangsu.Regardless of the interests, the domineering of the revolutionaries suffocated the condescending gentry in the past. Liu Yazi also admitted in his mourning text that "the two monarchs are upright in nature and cannot be coquettish and flattering, while the martyrs (Ruan style) are especially fond of turning people around. However, there are a lot of pretexts, and the tigers are angry, so those who are jealous are especially Lieyun."The Sanyang massacre was a concentrated outbreak. There is still a dispute of legal principles. Zhang Ji insisted that the jurisdiction of the case is in Jiangsu, not in Shanghai, and it is not the turn of Chen Qimei, the governor of the Shanghai Army, to intervene.However, the Tongmenghui and Nanshe disagreed with handing over Yao Rongze to Cheng Dequan, governor of Jiangsu Province (their concerns are quite understandable given the relationship between Cheng Dequan and Zhang Jian). Legal measures were ineffective, and Chen Qimei's Bai Xiangren's temper flared up again. He asked Liu Yazi to draw up a long telegram and send it to Nantong. "If Yao is falsely accused, I am willing to subdue the law." The gentry was a little scared.In Liu Yazi's later statement, "If Zhang Ji doesn't submit, we will send warships to attack Nantong regardless of the situation. After seeing this telegram, Lao Zhang knows that Yingshi (Chen Qimei) can do what he says." Under Sun Wen's further interference (the president's telegram clearly stated that "there is no need to release the governor of Jiangsu"), Yao Rongze was moved to Nanjing. This is what the media called "the first case of the Republic of China". This case has a strong color of "judgment by public opinion".Publicly speaking, because of the death of two martyrs of the Revolutionary Party, public opinion generally sympathized with Zhou Ruan, and the activities of the gentry group behind the scenes were also very intense, including whether to use foreign lawyers and whether to apply the Western jury system. The disputes later focused on The system is not the facts of the case. Chief Justice Wu Tingfang and Chen Qimei argued back and forth. On February 11, the first year of the Republic of China, in order to create momentum and put pressure on the court, Nanshe, Huai'an Academy and other organizations held a "Memorial Meeting for the Martyrs Zhou Shidan and Ruan Mengtao who died in Shanyang" at the Jiangsu Education Federation in Shanghai.Both Sun Wen and Chen Qimei sent elegiac couplets.Sun Wen's elegiac couplets only expressed his condolences for "blood spilled in the Confucius Temple" and "yin spirits around Huai'an city", while Chen Qimei's elegiac couplets were resolute and murderous: "I can't bear to see Xu Huai die, and die for the country with one body; I vow to rehabilitate the prison and avenge the grievance of the second father." On the afternoon of March 23, the Yao Rongze case was held in Shanghai.After three trials on the 23rd, 30th, and 31st, the court finally sentenced Yao Rongze to death, "starting from March 31st, within three weeks." After the verdict, the court gave Yao Rongze five minutes to make his final statement.Yao Rongze argued that killing Zhou Shi and Ruan Shi was not out of intention, but was persecuted by the local gentry, and asked for a commutation of sentence. The twelve-member jury also believed that the case took place when recovery was pending and order was disrupted, which was different from when it was peaceful. "Enshi lightens".At this time, the interim president had been replaced by Yuan Shikai, so Zhang Jian transferred it to Beijing to pardon Yao Rongze. Yao Rongze's "resurrection from the dead" made the revolutionaries very angry.They shouted, "Where is the law of heaven? Where is the law of the country?" But the power of the Revolutionary Party in Jiangsu is no longer as great as it was three months ago. After Yao Rongze was pardoned, he hid in the French Concession in Shanghai. trace.what can you do The end of the Sanyang massacre has Chinese characteristics.In July of the second year of the Republic of China, Ding Baoquan appeared again.The conditions he proposed for mediation were: the eight criminals donated 600 acres of land and 20,000 yuan in cash as alimony for the survivors of the two martyrs, and a ancestral hall for the two martyrs was modified, and the revolutionary party would not pursue the past.This proposal was supported by the families of the two martyrs—they were really struggling, and they had reached the point of "hanging the cauldron", and at this time, the second revolution was about to break out, and the Kuomintang had no strength to bother with the matter.So after several negotiations, a condition was added: the eight people should not intervene in local affairs in the future. The ancestral hall was built, enshrining the statues of Zhou Shi and Ruan, and there are 200 acres of sacrificial land for maintenance.In addition, there is also a Yang Chucai.After Zhou Ruan's death, he ran to sue for his comrades, but he was unable to avenge his grievances and became insane. After the case was over, he went to Nanjing alone to sue, but was imprisoned instead.Friends from Nanshe rescued him and sent him back to his hometown.When the boat arrived in the middle of the night, Yang Chucai fell into Shaobo Lake and died. Was it suicide or a mistake?Nobody knows. Sun Tiansheng entered Yangzhou at eight o'clock in the evening on September 17 (November 7).The Yangzhou gentry hurriedly organized a self-defense group and the public lined up to welcome them. From the direction of the south gate, a group of soldiers came from a distance, there were about forty soldiers, and they looked like they were soldiers stationed in the Dingzi Battalion of Jinghui Temple outside the south gate.Six or seven people rode horses, and I knew the inspector of the police station, the magistrate of Jiangdu County, and the owner of the Lvye Tea House. A face, do not recognize.The two leading guards held two large banners, one writing "Return my mountains and rivers" and the other writing "Recover the great man". Seeing them, the people on the side of the road burst into applause, saying, "The revolutionary army has recovered Yangzhou!" Yangzhou is also in a state of "no king management" at this time.In the past month since the Wuchang Incident, Yangzhou has been very peaceful, only some students studying abroad have returned to their hometowns one after another because of the uneasy situation.Instead, they planned to respond to the revolution, defend their homeland, and mobilized and organized the "Student Team Abroad", but suffered from having no weapons.The Lianghuai Normal School does have rifles for students to practice with, but the school does not borrow them.Later, I agreed to borrow it, and when I got the gun, I heard that Yangzhou had been recovered. It wasn't until November 7, when Lin Shuqing of Zhenjiang announced his recovery, and Yangzhou was separated by water, that he panicked.The gentry and merchants in Yangzhou, led by Fang Erxian, a salt merchant who took over Jieyuan, and Zhou Guren, the chairman of the chamber of commerce, immediately held a meeting of all walks of life, and agreed to organize a self-defense group to mobilize the whole city. Lanterns, divided into formations, served as night patrols.When things came to an end, the efficiency was very high, and twenty-four teams were organized on the same day, with fifteen or six thousand people. Then Fang Erxian and Zhou Guren went to see the magistrate of Yangzhou and the salt transport envoy together to persuade them to leave Yangzhou.Because these two are bannermen, if they stay in office, they may give the revolutionaries an excuse to invade Yangzhou. The prefect Song Xun refused to leave, but said instead: "I only hope that the revolutionary party will not harm the people. If there is still a need to ask questions, I am willing to continue to maintain it. If I am not needed, I will leave." It really doesn't make sense to this gentleman, After the restoration of various places, many old officials were used. How many times have you heard of using bannermen to maintain them? It was a good thing that the salt transportation envoy thickened, after repeated persuasion, he took his family and seals and escaped over the wall at 5:00 pm on November 7. Hey, why do you want to go over the wall?Because someone had reported it, a group of soldiers from the Dingzi camp outside the south gate rushed into the city with live ammunition, and went straight to the Salt Transport Office, claiming that they were asking for payment.Now not only the salt transportation made the adults flee in a hurry, but even the representatives of the gentry and businessmen who came to persuade them scattered in a hurry. The Dingzi battalion rushed into the transportation department and ransacked the transportation warehouse.That evening, there were suddenly many wheelbarrows on the streets of Yangzhou, and two soldiers from the Dingzi Battalion were sitting on each wheelbarrow.This is very strange, Yangzhou has never had the habit of transporting people with a wheelbarrow?It was only later that I found out that Uncle Bing had robbed too many ingots, which were so heavy that he couldn't walk on the road, so he had to catch a group of coolies transporting salt and transport them back to the barracks in a wheelbarrow. That night, after the rebels dispersed, the Self-Defense Forces came out to patrol.At nine o'clock, suddenly shouts resounded through the night sky. The gates of Jiangdu and Ganquan county prisons were opened. Prisoners rushed out, shouting and shouting. The sound of handcuffs "shocked the whole city." They couldn't stop them, so they had to block the road section by section, armed with guns, and drove them out of the city. It was only later that I heard that Sun Tiansheng's instigation was behind the instigation of the rebels attacking the transportation office and the release of prisoners from the prisons in the two counties.These two incidents shook people's hearts, but they did not disturb the people. The citizens did not hate Sun Tiansheng, but one can imagine the panic in the hearts of the gentry and businessmen who organized the self-defense force. How busy Yangzhou was on November 7th. The self-defense force was organized, the magistrate and the salt transport envoy were persuaded to leave, the rebels robbed the transportation office, the self-defense force patrolled, the prisons in two counties were reported broken, and Sun Tiansheng entered the city... It's really called Surprised every day. When Sun Tiansheng entered the city, the first thing he did was to ask Fang Erxian and Zhougu people: How much money is left in the salt department (the tax paid by selling salt) in Yunsi's warehouse?Fang Erxian hurriedly said: "Most of the salt class has been sent to Nanjing this year, and the rest has been snatched up by the Dingzi battalion." Sun Tiansheng was disappointed: "I still expect to use the money in the treasury to pay the army!" Naturally, the Transportation Department became the new Governor's Mansion. Sun Tiansheng rode his horse to the gate of the yamen, stopped his horse suddenly, looked at the onlookers, and said: "You can pick up the furniture and other things in the department as you like. We make a fortune, and you make a fortune." Xiaocai." Now the crowd rushed in and snatched all the items from the Transport Department, even the wooden floor was pried away.The accompanying gentry couldn't laugh or cry, so they had to find beds, chairs, tables and stools from other places, otherwise where would the new governor sleep? There was nothing else to do that night, except to order the whole city to hang white flags.This is a movement common in various places, but Yangzhou's independence came too quickly, and each family had no time to prepare. They couldn't find white cloth for a while, used white paper, and replaced it with towels. In short, after midnight, Yangzhou was finally restored. La. When the people in Hecheng finally fell asleep in anxiety, the envoys sent by Fang Erxian and Zhou Guren had already crossed the Yangtze River to meet Xu Baoshan. Greeting Xu is a long-established strategy.Xu Baoshan, known as "Xu Tiger", was originally a Yangzhou salt owl. The story of him and the "White Widow" has been circulating in the south of the Yangtze River (hands up after watching Gao Yang's novels and Li Hanxiang's movies). Come over to patrol the Jianghuai River and serve the court.He and Yangzhou salt merchants are both enemies and friends, and have visited Fang, Zhou and others many times as guests.At this time, Xu Baoshan had surrendered to Lin Shuqing, the governor of the town army, and became the Guangfu Army.Handing over Yangzhou to him is of course much more reassuring than handing over to that perverse Sun Tiansheng who appeared out of nowhere. When he got up the next day, he heard that the magistrate Song Xun finally didn't dare to stay any longer, and fled to Tianning Temple to hide. Before leaving, he threw the magistrate's seal into the Slender West Lake.Looking at the white flags all over the city, they are all written with words, "The first year of the era of the Yellow Emperor of the Great Han Dynasty", which is a bit suspicious. Those who come from other places, or those who like to read newspapers, say that other places are restored. , there is no national title of "big man", and the year of the Yellow Emperor is not the first year?After asking, I found out that it was the order from Dudu Sun.Could it be that the order was wrong? So I went to the street to look at the notice of the Dudu Mansion, and the inscription read "Dahan Huangdi Era 4609 years", the age was correct, "big man" is always weird.If you take a closer look, it's even more wrong. The seal of the Dudu's Mansion is actually "the seal of Sun Tiansheng, the governor of Yangzhou". If you engrave your name into the seal, does it mean that the seal will be re-engraved when the governor is changed in the future?This, isn't this child's play? In doubts and discussions, Sun Tiansheng issued two orders: (1) The people in Yangzhou will not be able to finish their food for three years, and the donations will be free; The price has exceeded seven yuan), and the pork shall not exceed two hundred yuan per catty.Sun Tiansheng also heard about Zhou Guren, the chairman of the Chamber of Commerce, and asked him to restrain all merchants in the city to obey. These measures undoubtedly strengthened the determination of Yangzhou gentry and merchants to welcome Xu Daisun.But the citizens of Yangzhou welcome this Pi Wu Lazi (the protagonist of Yangzhou commentary "Qingfengzha", who likes to rob the rich and help the poor by rogues) style governor. In just one day, a group of citizens and vagrants gathered around Sun Tiansheng. The names can be tested. Have: Obviously, Sun Tiansheng established a "utopia of hooligans and proletarians" in Yangzhou.Both gentlemen and businessmen believed that he was a fake revolutionary party, while many citizens still insisted that Sun Tiansheng was "a spy of the revolutionary party" until fifty years later. Utopia did not last long. On the morning of November 9, when Xu Baoshan entered Yangzhou, the gentry and merchants rushed to welcome him with a banquet at the entrance of the school yard.Before toasting, Sun Tiansheng suddenly led a small group of soldiers from the Dingzi Battalion to appear, and yelled at Xu Baoshan as a traitor, bringing disaster to Yangzhou.This touched Xu Baoshan's taboo, he immediately ordered the soldiers under his command to fire their guns, Sun Tiansheng was agile, he disappeared in the crowd suddenly.Xu Baoshan ordered the whole city to be mobilized. Sun Tiansheng was caught on November 10.Xu Baoshan asked him to lead the way to retrieve the buried silver in the warehouse (the adults all believed that the robbery of the warehouse was instigated by him). Xu Jun soldiers escorted Sun Tiansheng through the Yangzhou market, only to hear him yelling along the way: "Yangzhou compatriots! If you want to imitate me, Sun Tiansheng, I have been emperor in Yangzhou for three days, who would dare to say no!" The man has since disappeared.I heard that Xu Baoshan was afraid that killing Sun Tiansheng in Yangzhou would cause a civil uprising, so he was sent to Taizhou to collect the scattered firearms in the Dingzi camp under the pretext of killing him quietly on the way. Where did Sun Tiansheng come from?Opinions vary.He speaks with a local accent, so he is definitely not a foreigner. Some people say that he worked as a tortoise in a brothel in Yangzhou, while others say that he was a craftsman. He ran to Shanghai after losing his job, and sneaked back from Shanghai before the incident.People who believed that he was a spy of the Revolutionary Party said that he still had a printed cloth issued by the Shanghai Revolutionary Party and handed over his identity certificate after being arrested.Li Hanqiu wrote "Guangling Chao", saying that this person's surname was Huang, and he was from Ersiqiao in the western suburbs.But some people also said that his surname was Ba, and he was from Xiaoniu Lane. When he was restored, he heard someone call him "Xiaoba".Some people even said that Sun Tiansheng had studied in the school co-organized by Qingjiang Pu Shisan, so he could hook up with the soldiers of Dingzi Battalion. Fifty years later, many Yangzhou people still remember this ballad: "Yangzhou City, Twelve Gates, New and Old. On September 17th, a person pretending to be Sun Tiansheng came. At the third watch of the drum, he entered the yamen, and the treasury, silver and ingots were divided into four parts, and all the prisoners were released. Xuantong Jiangshan will not be able to sit." These Yangzhou people remembered Sun Tiansheng's utopia, and vaguely heard that the person who was killed was a fake. They thought Sun Tiansheng was a real revolutionary party, but he didn't come to Yangzhou, the one who came was fake, so they called him "pretending to be Sun Tiansheng" ". ("Investigation of the Sun Tiansheng Uprising") After Sun Tiansheng escaped from the entrance of the school yard, he hid on a fireworks lamp in Duobao Lane (it was a brothel, maybe this is the source of the term "Gui Gong"?), someone informed Xu Baoshan, and he was arrested.The informer was Wang Delin, who opened a scissors shop in Deshengqiao. The old man in Yangzhou said that during the three days when he became emperor, Wang Delin "was born with Sun Tiansheng".