Chapter 9 Niangziguan

In the last years of Guangxu, the two friends met again in Beijing.They met in Tokyo, they were all very supportive of the revolution, and they were all members of the alliance. At that time, it was fashionable for foreign students in Tokyo to organize revolutionary magazines based on provincial nationality, such as "Henan", "Zhejiang Chao", "Dongting Wave" and so on.Two friends, one surnamed Jing and one named Wu Mu, were good-looking, and they were handsome men in the revolutionary party, so they were nicknamed "Zhou Lang".He is from Shaanxi, and he hosts a magazine called "Xiasheng".Another surnamed Jing, named Meijiu, from Shanxi, also presided over a magazine called "Jincheng".

In the Tokyo League, there are many southern comrades, and among the northerners, Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces are more active.When fellow villagers in the north get together, they can't help talking about historical events.Jing Meijiu asked a question: Why was the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom unsuccessful? The gang of traitors like Zeng Zuoli did bad things. Otherwise, Zeng Zuoli is indeed hateful, but in terms of general situation, although Hong Yang almost occupies half of the world, none of the northern provinces responded.The Qing court is not injured at all, so it can slowly use the financial resources and military strength of the north to destroy him.Therefore, our first priority is to work hard on "responses from the south to the north". Once there is an incident in the south, the northern provinces must be able to keep up.

Maybe it can still "respond from the north to the south"!Although Mr. Sun Yat-sen puts the most emphasis on the Yangtze River Basin... But how far is the Yangtze River from Beijing!In Shanxi, as soon as we leave Niangziguan, we are at the border of Zhili province, and it takes less than a day to go to Beijing!Or advance troops from Zhangjiakou to cut off the retreat of the Manchus... The more I talk, the more excited I get.At that time, members of the alliance in Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces in Tokyo established the "Four Provinces Association" and agreed to launch uprisings in the north at the same time.Jing Meijiu and Jing Wumu also agreed in private that together with the Northwest Revolution, they would jointly form the "Qin-Jin Allied Army" and attack the capital directly.

Now that they met in Beijing, Jing Meijiu made an appointment with Jing Wumu to travel around Shanxi together and make a plan for the Qin-Jin coalition forces in the future. They took the train from Beijing to Shijiazhuang, and then took the Zhengtai Road train to Taiyuan.It's really close. After a while, you can see the pass of Niangziguan, and you will pass by Shanxi. Niangziguan was formerly known as Weizeguan. According to the dangers of the world, it is known as "the ninth pass in the world".According to legend, it is Princess Pingyang, the sister of Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of Tang Dynasty.

Jing Mu looked at Niangziguan for a long time. "This is really dangerous! It's a pity that the train has already passed, and it is not so easy to resist the enemy, but if there are capable people to lead the army, they can also defend it!" Jing Meijiu agreed. "That's right! In the Year of Gengzi, after the Eight-Power Allied Forces occupied the capital, they continued to commit crimes in the west. The Qing army repelled the German army based on this. The four big characters 'Gingji Fanping' on the closed book can imagine its importance to the capital!" The train was fast, and the lady was out of sight after a while.The two friends were speechless for a long time, thinking about the scene when the Qin-Jin coalition forces marched into the "Ninth Gate of the World" one day in the future.

The restoration of Taiyuan starts with the New Year of the third year of Xuantong. At the same time when Wu Mi, a young man from Shaanxi, tasted prosperity, Yun Yuding, a senior Hanlin, scolded the New Deal, and Zheng Xiaoxu, an alternate political envoy, made friends with powerful people, a group of young people gathered in the incense factory on the sixth day of junior high school, drinking in big bowls and having a great time. There is Jingmei Jiu in it.He had just returned from Japan and planned to go to Beijing to carry out the "central revolution".Met a group of friends, especially Bai Yuhuan, whose alias is Wu Youshi, and as soon as they met, they asked Jing Meijiu to co-publish a tabloid called "Sui Hua Xun Ji".

This "Sui Hua Xun Ji" is actually a time lag, because the newspapers in Beijing are always the same as the seal of the yamen for the New Year. They stop publishing on the fifth day of the first year and resume publication on the sixth day of the new year.For ten days in between, Beijing residents had no newspapers to read.Bai Yuhuan held one on the New Year's Day in the second year of Xuantong, and the sales were not bad. Now that he met Jingmei Jiu, he dragged him to do it again. This tabloid didn’t have any editing fees. The editors wrote their own essays and copied news from Shanghai newspapers, and the printing fee was only 30 yuan.There is no need for Beijing newspaper offices or distribution offices to sell newspapers. The people who run the newspapers will sell them in busy markets such as Xiangchang.

A lot of newspapers were sold that day, and a group of people drank at the tea shed on the roadside of Xiangchang. During the meeting, it was mentioned that the tabloids did not sell widely and had little impact. It would be great if there was a daily newspaper!Once this thought moves, it will get out of hand. These people drink together every day and always talk about it. Let me talk about the cost first.Bai Yuhuan has 300 yuan in savings, which can be used as start-up expenses.The key is to open a new newspaper and file a case at the police station, and the deposit fee is usually 200 yuan, so what are you doing?

Fortunately, an acquaintance in the newspaper industry came up with an idea.He said: Since Peng Yizhong started the "Jinghua Daily" in Beijing, many vernacular newspapers in Beijing have been published in recent years.Firstly, it was because vernacular newspapers were popular and easy to sell; secondly, because the Qing government advocated popular education, vernacular newspapers were free of deposit.We might as well declare in the name of the vernacular newspaper. When the newspaper comes out, there will be both classical Chinese and vernacular, and it will not be too late to negotiate with the police department.

The second time I said sign up.Someone suggested: Liang Qichao created a magazine called "Guofeng Daily", which many people like to read. Why don't we call it "Guofeng Daily". As soon as this remark came out, everyone turned to look at Jing Meijiu, because when their alliance members who were studying in Japan were in Tokyo, Zhang Ji took the lead to go to the Jinhui Building to play the political news agency Liang Qichao's speech, throw straw sandals at Liang Qichao, take The civilized staff beat around everywhere, scaring Liang Rengong away.Now that we want to take advantage of the momentum of the "Guofeng Bao", I am afraid that Comrade Jing will be the first to refuse.

Unexpectedly, Jing Meijiu said loudly: "Guofeng is a public name in history, and it cannot be owned by a group of people! What's more, they advocate heresy and insult the word 'Guofeng'. Only when we uphold justice can we be called the real one." National style!" The registration was decided. "Guofeng Daily" began to be published, and the three hundred yuan was gone in a blink of an eye.Jing Meijiu ran back to Taiyuan, and asked Yan Xishan, the new military standard commander whom she knew well, to ask for 300 yuan.Immediately afterwards, the "Guofeng Daily" launched a "Ding Ding Movement". The so-called "Ding" was the governor of Shanxi Ding Baoquan.Jing Meijiu said by herself, "Pu Ding" has the meaning of revenge for a friend. So the "Guofeng Daily" reported Ding Baoquan's scandal every day, why the fifth concubine sold out, and why the goddaughter was having an affair with Governor Ding. Over and over again, the wind actually reached the ears of Prince Qing, the foreman of the Minister of Military Affairs. He guessed that Ding Baoquan was not pleasing to the eyes of Lao Qing, so he proposed to change the governor of Shanxi at the government affairs meeting.Ding Baoquan didn't have a strong background in the court, so this "nail" was easily pulled out. Ding Baoquan was removed, and the governor of Shanxi was replaced by Lu Zhongqi.This point seems to have nothing to do with the revolution, but it is actually very important. When the Wuchang Incident happened, Lu Zhongqi had only been in office for half a year. It could be said that he was unfamiliar with the place and had no influence of his own, so the recovery of Taiyuan would come naturally. Rumors and rumors have been discussed on Weibo recently.I think "truth-seeking" is one of human instincts. It seems that everyone hopes to receive accurate and unmistakable information, so some people always say that "truth is the life of news". However, rumors are like mosquitoes. The social function of rumors. The American psychologist Allport defines a rumor as "a special statement that is usually spread orally among the population and currently has no reliable standard of proof". Realization—Another characteristic of rumors is "spread among the crowd". What does it mean if they can spread?After spreading, what caused it?Sunstein, another American scholar, pointed out in the book "Rumors": "For rumors to spread rapidly and produce destructive power, there is a premise that those who hear the rumors must live in trouble and anxiety", " Whether people believe a rumor depends on what they thought before hearing the rumor." In 1910 (the second year of Xuantong), Jing Meijiu, a member of the revolutionary party, taught in Xi'an.One day the party members had a party and it ended at midnight. He walked home with a comrade named Du Zhongfu. Isn't it very old-fashioned? While drinking, Du Zhongfu raised his head and looked up at the starry sky, and found that there were comets shining in the east and west, so he had an idea, and said a few words casually: "The comet has appeared from east to west, and it has been two and a half years since Xuantong!" Jing Meijiu cooperated very tacitly, and quickly said: " This nursery rhyme has been passed around for a long time, I don't know what it means?" Du Zhongfu expressed the inner hope of the revolutionaries. They are planning uprisings everywhere. Of course, they hope that the Qing court will collapse.But this rhyming sentence was called a "nursery rhyme" by Jing Meijiu, and it immediately had a mysterious prophecy color. Unexpectedly, the pulp seller actually answered: "What do you mean? It means that the Qing Dynasty is almost over! The Ming Dynasty is only two hundred years old, and the Qing Dynasty is also two hundred years old. Isn't it dead?" When he said this, There was a patrolman standing beside him, and when he heard such outrageous words, he not only refused to stop him, but actually "said a few words of admiration". After speaking, they dispersed.Unexpectedly, two days later, Jing and Du kept hearing someone mentioning: "There is a rumor circulating outside, which is very powerful! What's the 'comet appeared, two and a half years of Xuantong', it seems that the Qing Dynasty is coming to an end!" This sentence The word actually spread, from Shaanxi to Shanxi, Zhili, and then to the capital.Later, when Jingmei went to Beijing for nine days, the version she heard had become "Don't pinch, don't count, the Xuantong will only take two and a half years", which is enough to show that this is a story that is in line with the "existing psychology" of the people of the Qing Dynasty. rumor. And such rumors without factual elements are more prevalent in the north than in the south, which is related to the degree of the so-called "opening the people's wisdom" and the degree of openness of public opinion. On August 19th in the third year of Xuantong, a gunshot rang out in Wuchang. In the era of telegrams, the news of the incident reached Beijing the next day. The psychological suggestion of "two and a half years" caused great panic in Beijing. The officials and civilians of the Eight Banners and the military and police of the Nine Sects were terrified and terrified of each other. Into the city!"Relatives and dignitaries were the first to flee to the Tianjin-Shanghai Concession, and a bank run broke out. Some people said that they saw the Ministry of Posts and Communications preparing twenty trains. The emperor and the empress dowager immediately fled to Miyun, or Rehe, or Fengtian.The capital, which is completely free from foreign aggression, is actually in chaos. Of course, there are also pushers of the Revolutionary Party.Jing Meijiu was running the Guofeng Daily in Beijing at the time. When he went to Dashilan, he happened to meet many people looking up at the sky, and he followed suit. It seemed that there was indeed a star in the sky. Isn't it Taibai Xing?" Jing Meijiu recalled the comet rumors, and called out: "See you in Taibai, the world is in chaos!" With a bang, this sentence spread throughout the nine cities of Beijing within a day, and learned officials and scribes also expressed their gratitude. The result of my own "watching the sky at night" came to confirm this rumor, so chaos arose, and the wind was raging, and it was out of control. Rumors are originally one of the means of revolution.At this time, the newspapers of the revolutionary party will not care about whether the news is true or not. The Wuchang Gang incident, the newspapers of the revolutionary party, such as "Guofeng Daily", immediately claimed to have received a telegram from Wuhan: "Huang Keqiang went to Hubei in person to start the revolution. One hour after the outbreak of the uprising , has occupied Wuchang City, and Qing Shuai Ruicheng has lost!" Regardless of whether the "Guofeng Daily" actually got the telegram, the news itself was exaggerated.At the same time, from Guangdong to Gansu, the news was that "Beijing has fallen and Xuantong has collapsed." The Qing government's countermeasures can be said to be quite clumsy. One is to declare martial law, and the other is to interfere with newspapers and not allow any news about the Wuchang Incident to be published.So "Guofeng Daily" blanked all the front pages of the newspaper, and only wrote a line of two characters: "This newspaper has received a lot of news from various sources. Due to police interference, all of them will be cut off. Readers will forgive!" What's more, they all said: The revolutionary army must have won a complete victory!The provinces have responded to the revolution!Otherwise, why should newspapers be banned from publishing news?As a result, the government became even more confused, and had to change the order day and night, and allowed various newspapers to publish news about Wuchang. Rumors don't just serve revolutionaries. On November 27, Feng Guozhang's Qing army captured Hanyang.The news spread to the north, causing rumors everywhere again. Some said that Li Yuanhong had hid in the Dabie Mountains to commit suicide, and some said that Huang Xing took Li Yuanhong on a warship and fled to Shanghai along the Yangtze River. For a while, even the revolutionaries in the north were at a loss. .Conversely, there are still rumors in the south that "Xuan Tong is dead", "Yuan Shikai is dead", "The Imperial Guards fought with the New Army, most of the people in the Beijing Banner were killed, and the treasury was burned and robbed." In this way, in the midst of endless rumor battles, an old dynasty collapsed. In the final analysis, "existing ideas" prevailed.Time was pushed back to May 12, 1911, and the situation seemed to be peaceful. Wei Kefei, the Taxation Department of Changsha Customs, wrote to Anglian, the General Taxation Department, saying: "Someone predicted that there would be riots in autumn, and everyone believed in this prediction." .” The key lies in "everyone also believes." The most wonderful thing is that Governor Lu Zhongqi has a son named Lu Guangxi, who is studying in Japan and has revolutionary ideas.When Lu Guangxi heard the news from Wuchang, he thought that his father was the governor of Shanxi, and he had always been stubborn and conservative. His own son was studying in Japan, but he told the people below that everyone in the school was a revolutionary party.In case there is a revolution in Taiyuan, it is estimated that the old man will not be able to accept it. Wouldn't it harm the revolution first and himself?Lu Guangxi hurried back to Taiyuan from Japan, trying to persuade his family to obey the trend. When Mr. Lu arrived in Taiyuan, it was already the night of the seventh day of September (October 28th), he hurriedly put down his luggage, and immediately started negotiations with the governor's father, discussing the general situation of the world.Governor Lu was in a bad mood. This kid suddenly returned from Japan, which surprised him. Now he is talking about the irreversible trend of revolution, what an idiot!Immediately, Mr. Lu was reprimanded, saying that he didn't study hard after going to the country, but was polluted by heresy. How could he go back to the country to see his father and brother? It is said that after Lu Zhongqi took office, he was very worried about the new army in Shanxi.His strategy is similar to that of officials in other provinces. He plans to transfer the provincial patrol troops to Taiyuan to garrison, and then recruits the 21st Banner patrol troops to station in the whole province. They conspired to change. Before this measure could be implemented, an incident occurred in Wuchang, and twelve days later, the banner of independence was also erected in Xi'an.It was a neighboring province, not as far away as Hubei, Lu Zhongqi was in a hurry, he usually felt that Yan Xishan, the eighty-six commander in the new army, had a good attitude and was not very aggressive, and now he was in a hurry to go to the doctor, so he had to seek advice from him. Yan Xishan's attitude was quite ambiguous in the whole Xinhai drama.He has a good relationship with Jing Meijiu and other revolutionaries, and there are even rumors that he joined the Tongmenghui.But at the same time, he was able to deal with Lu Zhongqi very well, and he also had contacts with several bigwigs in the court.At this time, Xi'an was raising righteousness, and people's hearts were fluctuating, but he was very happy, and kept saying: "A good opportunity has come!" Of course Lu Zhongqi was surprised, is this guy saying that now is a good opportunity for an uprising in Shanxi? But I heard Yan Xishan offer advice: "Among the new army in Taiyuan, only Yao Weifan's 2nd Battalion of the 85th standard is unstable. Southern Shanxi is close to Xi'an and is also Yao's hometown. Why not send them to defend southern Shanxi and give them more money and food? Yao Bixi Go, Taiyuan will be safe." Everyone said it was "wonderful", so Lu Zhongqi ordered: Yao Weifan has been in charge of all battalions, the coaches are good, and the current unit is a model battalion. Go to southern Shanxi to defend along the river. It's hard to tell who Yan Xishan is thinking about in this strategy.It is Lu Zhongqi's established strategy to divide the new army to garrison the north and the south to ensure the stability of Taiyuan.However, when it came to marching, he gave the new army an excuse of "needing bullets". The Futai Yamen said, "I will add later." .After two days of stalemate, Yan Xishan offered another plan, saying that the bullets can be fired a little, but the day the bullets are fired, they must start. As a result, the bullets were sent out of the city at ten o'clock in the evening on the seventh day, and Yao Bu was asked to leave on the eighth day.As soon as Yao Weifan got the bullets, he immediately cut off the telephone line in the barracks to avoid leaking the news. The officers of each battalion held a secret meeting and decided to attack Taiyuan at dawn. Some people worried that the three battalions of Yan Xishan 86 and 86 in the city of Taiyuan would prevent the siege of the city. However, Yao Weifan said, "The three battalions are all my old troops and will never fight with me", so he attacked Taiyuan Xinnanmen in the early morning.Sure enough, the three battalions of Yan Xishan joined the battle, the patrol team and Mancheng were still asleep, and Taiyuan came down with a drumbeat. Lu Guangxi originally planned to persuade the old man slowly, but before he finished his sleep, he was suddenly awakened by a burst of gunshots from the front yard. Knowing something was wrong, he hurried to the front to look for his father. , died on the spot.When he was on the verge of death, Young Master Lu might have seen clearly: the bodies of his father Lu Zhongqi and the coordinator Tan Zhende had already been lying on the lobby of Futai Yamen. Is Yan Xishan an undercover agent or a cunning one?There were different opinions at the time.Once Taiyuan is restored, it will inevitably shake the capital. The uprising army expected that the Zhili army would march into Niangziguan immediately, so Yao Weifan, the new commander-in-chief of Shanxi Province, immediately led his troops to Niangziguan for defense.Unexpectedly, on the way, I heard that the Provincial Consultative Council actually elected Yan Xishan as the governor of Shanxi. Many officers and men were "furious when they heard about it" and cursed, "Yan Ben is a cunning head, and he has two sides in his heart. We don't kill him. It's also lucky. What is it to consult the council, but to appoint him as the governor? Is it tolerable, and what can't be tolerated?"According to the wishes of some officers, go back to Taiyuan and take the bird position.Fortunately, Yao Weifan came out to persuade everyone that the overall situation is the most important thing, not to kill each other and so on.In the year of 1911, the governors of many provinces were crowned amidst such clamor and dissatisfaction. Yan Xishan was not as arrogant as Jiao Dafeng when the Qing army was pressing down on the border. According to Yao Weifan's self-report, Yan Xishan also knew that the army's morale was uncertain, and immediately rushed to Niangziguan Laojun after he took office as the governor.When he got to the gate, Yan Xishan told the officers that he served as the governor was just an expedient measure to maintain order, and the whole province of Shanxi had to rely on the protection of Commander-in-Chief Yao and the hard work and bloody battles of all of you to guard Niangziguan... When it came to the emotional part, with a bang, Dudu Yan actually knelt down to Commander Yao in public! This is enough face, of course it is inconvenient for the officers and men of the Yao tribe to turn against Yan Dudu again. However, Yan Xishan's official position in the Qing Dynasty was higher than that of Yao Weifan. After being promoted by the Advisory Council as the governor of Shanxi, he was also considered Yao's superior. He was humiliated face to face, so he couldn't swallow his breath?I don't know, I just heard that after Yan Xishan returned from Niangziguan, he immediately sent his cronies to Beijing to confess his sincerity to Yuan Shikai, claiming that as long as Yao Weifan was removed, he would guarantee that "all Shanxi will obey the Gongbao". Judging from the later history, Yan Xishan is indeed a master who can bend and stretch and take advantage of the contradictions of all parties. He has opposed almost every person in power, but he can communicate with them at any time. Yuan Shikai, Duan Qirui, Cao Kun , Feng Yuxiang, Chiang Kai-shek... He himself became the tumbler of Shanxi, until the Sino-Japanese War broke out and Taiyuan fell, Yan Xishan was the "King of Shanxi". Although there were internal strife in Shanxi, the situation of the Qing court was even worse at this time.Before Yuan Shikai agreed to leave the mountain, his elite Beiyang army, led by Feng Guozhang, was attacking Wuchang, and Yinchang, the governor of the army, was stationed in southern Henan.In the north of Henan, it was very empty. In the whole Zhili, only Wu Luzhen's department in the sixth town was stationed in Baoding, and Zhang Shaozeng's department in the 20th town outside the customs was urgently transferred to Luanzhou. After Shanxi became independent, the soft belly of the entire Qing court was exposed to the muzzle of the revolutionary army.At this time, Shanxi and the Qing court were "beating wolves with hemp stalks, and both sides were afraid." The Shanxi Governor's Mansion rushed to send Yao Weifan to garrison Niangziguan. The Qing court was also panicked and sent Wu Luzhen to Shijiazhuang to denounce Shanxi.The two provinces of Qin and Jin were so important to the Qing court that when the North and the South negotiated peace, the North demanded not to recognize Shanxi and Shaanxi as revolutionary armies. among. Now all the focus is on Wu Luzhen.Will this Hubei native go to conquer Shanxi for the Qing court, or will he fight back and lead the Jin army to go straight to Beijing? When the arrow was on the line, Yan Xishan, the governor of Shanxi, suddenly saw two people in Taiyuan, one surnamed Zhou and the other surnamed He, who claimed to be the staff of the Sixth Town. Jin coalition forces", "overthrow the Qing Dynasty and realize the republic". Is there such a good thing?Yan Xishan couldn't believe it, and didn't dare to say yes or no lightly, so he sent the two of them to Niangziguan to discuss with the former enemy commander Yao Weifan. The result of the discussion was that it was necessary for Yan Xishan to meet Wu Luzhen.The two parties exchanged phone calls, and the agreed meeting place was at Niangziguan Station. When Li Zhen rushed into the station master's office, the murderers had disappeared.Only a headless corpse lay on the ground.Relying on his familiarity with his old boss, Li Zhen still recognized Wu Luzhen at a glance. The head was gone, two bullet holes were pierced in the chest, there were stab wounds on the side and legs, a big gash was pulled in the abdomen, and the intestines flowed out... Li Zhen couldn't bear to look at it any more, and pulled a blanket Cover the body. At Niangziguan, one hundred and fifty miles away, Yao Weifan was discussing with Jingmeijiu and others who came from Taiyuan about Shanxi's plan to negotiate with Wu Luzhen: to drive the banner soldiers to attack Niangziguan, with the Jin soldiers to welcome the front, and the Wu army to take the rear. The banner soldiers are attacked by the enemy, and they can wipe them out in one fell swoop.While we were talking happily, suddenly the phone rang loudly. The messenger picked up the receiver and immediately reported: Shijiazhuang called, saying that there was gunshots at the train station, and the flag army had mutinied! This is not beyond everyone's expectations, maybe Wu Luzhen launched it in advance?Continue to wait for news.Not long after, the phone rang again: Urgent!Wu Tongzhi was assassinated!Wu Tongzhi was assassinated!The flag soldiers have retreated in the direction of Baoding! Jing Meijiu looked at the wall clock on the wall, it was past one o'clock in the middle of the night.Before I knew it, it was already the early morning of September 17th (November 7th) of the Xinhai Year. This is too much like a drama... Just three days ago, on September 14th, that short, heroic Hubei general was still standing in this meeting room, facing Yan Xishan, Yao Weifan, and a group of The leader of the Banshanxi Revolution gave a loud speech: "You may have seen today's Tingzhi. The Qing court appointed me as the governor of Shanxi and asked me to attack Niangziguan. This is clearly destroying our revolutionary alliance... Zhang Shao, the commander of the twenty towns, led all the troops stationed in Luanzhou, Fengxian, our army Stationed in Shijiazhuang on the Beijing-Han line, if the two armies attack Gyeonggi and overthrow the Qing Dynasty, they will accuse Gu Jian of the matter... It is a pity that Zhang Jingyu (Shao Zeng) lacks courage. On the day you recovered Taiyuan, you wrote a letter to the Qing court to remonstrate with the constitution. It was a big mistake!... I am very willing to join hands with the Jin army to overthrow the Qing Dynasty together!" Perhaps seeing the skeptical attitude on Yan Xishan's face, Wu Luzhen smiled boldly: "I am an old revolutionary party, you may not know... I know everything about the situation of your Shanxi army and the launch of the revolution. Don't doubt that I am really I want to be the governor of Shanxi, you underestimate me! I was a loser in the uprising against Tang Caichang, I joined the Xingzhong Society, and I organized a self-reliant army in Anhui... You can cooperate with me boldly, I will not lie to you !" Wu Luzhen convinced everyone.So after the meeting, the Yan-Jin coalition army was established, with Wu Luzhen as the governor and commander-in-chief of the coalition army, Yan Xishan as the deputy governor and deputy commander-in-chief, and the same deputy position was reserved for Zhang Shaozeng of Luanzhou who had not attended the meeting.Wu Luzhen added: I have sent a telegram to Zhang Jingyu to ask him to cancel the constitutional claim. This is seeking skin from a tiger. If we don't join forces regularly, we will go straight to Beijing, overthrow the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and establish the Republic of China.Zhang has called back to agree.The Qing court is no longer a problem, but if Lao Yuan is not removed, our party will have a ten-year war with him!Now that Lao Yuan is still in Zhangde, if he leaves the mountain and the Beiyang new army has a leader, the situation will be completely different, so we must hurry!Before Lao Yuan came out, he met all the teachers in the capital, and it was all done! Those words made all the people present feel bloody, shouting, "Support the Commander-in-Chief! Attack the capital, and do all the work!" Unexpectedly, before this high morale weakened, Wu Luzhen was assassinated! Jing Meijiu has always been bold. Seeing the dejected expressions of the people in the room, she still encouraged them and said: "Wu Tongzhi was assassinated in Shijiazhuang when we were waiting for our Jin army to meet up. Now we should still go and have a look, maybe we can convince him His subordinates avenged him and fought against the Qing together!" Everyone thought it was reasonable, so they calmed down and rushed to Shijiazhuang immediately without leading troops. More than a hundred miles away, the train arrived soon.It was only early morning.People from Shanxi saw the soldiers from the Six Towns scattered around the station, and they looked depressed. Many soldiers wrapped white cloths that symbolized rebellion around their arms. They walked into the station master's office, and Wu Luzhen's headless body had been wrapped in a military blanket and placed on a chair.There was also a telegram on the desk, which was sent to Zhang Shaozeng by order of Wu Luzhen last night, and it said "willing to lead the eight thousand children of Yanzhao to follow". Wu Luzhen's close subordinates, such as He Xufu, the staff officer who is still crying bitterly, are willing to lead a part of the team to join the Jin army.There is also Li Zhen, a native of Zhili, who has been following Wu Luzhen. He heard gunshots at Liangtai in the early morning, and came to help with a gun alone, but was wounded by an ambush on his heel.He planned to mobilize a force in Zhili to avenge Lord Wu after he recovered from his injury. But more Sixth Town soldiers looked at their standard commander Wu Hongchang, waiting for his decision.Jing Meijiu and others talked with Wu and found that he was unreliable—in fact, Wu Luzhen hoped to join the Jin army in Shijiazhuang and go north hand in hand just because he could not control the sixth town for a long time.Now that he is dead, there is probably nothing Jingmeijiu and the others can do other than hurry up and transport the whole truckload of Qing army ammunition that he had detained a few days ago back to Niangziguan. Later, it was said that it was Wu Luzhen who withheld the batch of arms destined for Wuchang, and claimed that Feng Guozhang’s troops had burned, killed and looted in Wuhan. The killer was dispatched.The most widely circulated theory is that because Zhou Fulin, who presided over the assassination, was Duan Qirui's old subordinate, the assassination of Wu was Yuan Shikai's instruction.But at this time Yuan Shikai has not yet come out of the mountain, whether he can stretch his hands so long is a question. The killer who came forward directly was called Ma Huitian, who used to be the captain of Wu Luzhen's guard, and was in charge of the third cavalry battalion at that time.Wu Luzhen trusted him very much, and was invited to have a banquet with him at Shijiazhuang Station that night. Li Zhen once advised Wu to bring a pistol, but Wu Luzhen refused with a smile, and laughed at when did Li Zhen become so cowardly?Li Zhen told Jing Meijiu that Wu Tong's marksmanship is very good, and his martial arts are good. If he is prepared and not drunk, he will not be taken advantage of so easily. "My lord believes them too much!" Li Zhen burst into tears again. Wu Luzhen was thirty-one years old at the time, and together with Zhang Shaozeng and Lan Tianwei, they were called "Three Heroes of Non-commissioned Officers". Because he was bold and unrestrained, he liked to make friends with good men, he also liked to travel, and took prostitutes as concubines. People called him and Cai E "Nancai" Northern Wu".Qian Jibo later wrote "The Biography of Wu Luzhen" for him. He recalled hearing from a friend that Jiachen (1904) and Wu Luzhen were drinking at the same table. When they were having a good time, Wu suddenly shouted: "You guys still remember the summer of Gengzi. There was a big robber in Anhui who robbed Datong. Is it about the bureau? Do you know who the big thief is?" There was no one who dared to respond, "Lu Zhen raised a glass full of wine with her right hand, pointed to the tip of her nose with her left hand and said: "Don't dare to deceive! Me too!" Suck and empty".Liang Bi was present at that time.Seven years later, Liangbi was in charge of the Military Advisory Office. It was said that Ma Huitian cut off Wu Luzhen's head, and it was Shangjing who received 20,000 taels of silver from Liangbi. Wu Luzhen died under the reward of 20,000 taels of silver, and his sixth town rule was also bought with 20,000 taels of silver.At that time, Wu Luzhen was transferred back to Beijing from Yanji Frontier Defense Supervision Office, and was appointed Deputy Capital Commander.His good friend Li Shucheng persuaded him: Deputy Dutong has the same position as Futai, but he has no real power. It is best for you to try to find the governor of Hunan or Shanxi.Wu Luzhen replied: It is not difficult to send Futai outside, as long as you have 20,000 taels of silver to bribe King Tongqing.So Li Shucheng raised 20,000 taels of silver from a wealthy friend who was inclined to revolution and handed it to Wu Luzhen. Wu took this as a respect and worshiped under Prince Qing.Soon Prince Qing told Wu: There are no vacancies for governors in all provinces. Only the sixth town of Baoding Army needs someone. Wu Luzhen was very happy. In his mind, a town controlled Shouwan's military power, and Baoding was very close to Beijing, so it was easy to start an incident.It's a pity that after he took up his duties, he found that the sixth town was sluggish, the atmosphere was not open, and many soldiers still had cigarette addiction. He couldn't help but lamented to Li Shucheng that "it couldn't be sorted out". However, there are less than 50 people who have received military education and have the qualifications of military officers, and some of them are still platoon elders in their 60s.He found that Zhou Fulin, the coordinator of the association, was completely an old-fashioned soldier, had no military knowledge, and was addicted to cigarettes, so he asked the court to dismiss him.With a teacher like King Qing, you can ask for everything.Unexpectedly, in the end, Wu Luzhen died at the hands of this person. Once Wu Luzhen died, the "Yan-Jin Allied Forces" came to naught.The "best chance" for the revolutionary army to capture Beijing in one fell swoop was fleeting. Yuan Shikai entered Beijing from Zhangde six days after Wu Luzhen was assassinated. He served as Prime Minister of the Cabinet and immediately sent Cao Kun to attack Niangziguan.The Jin army's equipment was not the elite Beiyang army's opponent at all, and they were defeated in the first battle. Cao Kun continued to attack Shanxi, and Yan Xishan abandoned Taiyuan and fled. After the founding of the Republic of China, Shanxi held a memorial service for Wu Luzhen. More than 10,000 people participated in it.There are also some very good words in the middle, such as the long couplet sent by Jingmei nine times, there is "Between brothers see Hua Na, if the commander is determined to lose Peng Han", it is used as a metaphor for Washington, Napoleon, Peng Yue, Han Xin and other famous generals, and the evaluation is very high. .But everyone agrees that the most appropriate and touching one is the elegiac couplet sent by Liu Yuexi.In fact, it only used a very common sentence: He died before leaving the teacher, which made the hero burst into tears. During Wu Luzhen’s grand banquet in the capital, he claimed to be a great robber and robbed officials and silver, which was regarded as a feat by people at the time, but Qian Jibo, who wrote his biographer, didn’t take it seriously. husband".In the Year of the Gengzi, what a big event it was to rob the Great Tong Li Bureau?It is tantamount to admitting that he had committed rebellious actions, and this person, who returned from studying in Japan, served as the supervisor of the training section of the Military Science Division of the Military Training Department, and the imperial court trained the new military Fang Sheng. Are you not afraid of disaster? This little guy from Hubei, who is not afraid of disasters, is named Wu Luzhen. He, Zhang Shaozeng, and Lan Tianwei studied in Japan and have a good reputation. Among the three heroes, Wu Luzhen is the most "eye-catching" in the officialdom, but also the most valued by some Manchu relatives.For example, Liang Bi, who was in command of the Imperial Guard, studied military affairs in Japan and was a classmate of Wu.Wu Luzhen often fought with Liang Bi because of the question of whether the revolution was revolutionary or not. In 1900, Wu Luzhen sneaked back to the two lakes from Japan, and launched an independent army uprising with Tang Caichang and others. He faced Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Huguang who sent him to stay in Japan at the age of eighteen.After the failure of the uprising, Wu Luzhen led a group of people with no money or food, so he simply robbed the Datong Liju Bureau, distributed the robbed thousands of taels of silver to his subordinates, and ran back to Japan to attend classes by himself.Liangbi and Wu Luzhen had a close friendship. How could this person come back suddenly after disappearing for more than a month without mentioning where he went?Four years later, when Wu Luzhen went berserk in Beijing, Liang Bi was also present. No one else knew, but he must have understood what happened back then.But the relationship between the two is still very good. Wu Luzhen was indeed a remarkable person. In 1903, at the request of Huang Xingzhi, he went to Changsha to initiate the Huaxing Society and planned an uprising together.However, he made friends with Huang Zhonghao, the commander of the Changsha Patrol Army. Huang Zhonghao also introduced him to see Zhao Erxun, the governor of Hunan Province. Zhao Erxun and Wu Luzhen met each other too late. We talked for three or four hours. Tieliang, Minister of the Army Department, also appreciated Wu Luzhen's talent, but he also knew that he liked to talk about revolution, so he was worried that he would not be used by the Qing court.Liangbi then mediated in the middle. In 1906, the Ministry of the Army sent Wu Luzhen to Ili, Xinjiang to inspect the new army. As a result, Wu Luzhen was going to be put to death, but Liang Bi did everything possible to save him from it, and recommended Wu to the governor of the three eastern provinces Xu Shichang as a counselor. Wu Luzhen stayed in the Northeast for more than two years, forcing the Japanese troops stationed in North Korea not to dare to invade and shocked Yanbian.But he also offended his boss, Yanji Supervisor, so badly that Xu Shichang had to transfer him back to Fengtian first, and then to the capital.However, Wu Luzhen's merits cannot be concealed. The Ministry of the Army awarded him the title of "Deputy Commander of Mongolia with a Red Banner"-a party member who is committed to revolution was awarded such an honorable official position in the banner. It is somewhat ironic, but Among them, Liangbi's support and bragging is indispensable. However, although the deputy capital is honorable, he has no military power and cannot fulfill Wu Luzhen's revolutionary ambitions.Wu Luzhen himself most wanted to be the governor of Hunan or Shanxi, because he had close ties with the Xinjunhui parties in these two places. Later, many people recalled that during the Wuchang Uprising, if one of the two Hubei natives Wu Luzhen and Lan Tianwei among the "Three Heroes of Non-commissioned Officers" was in Hubei, how could it be Li Yuanhong's turn? 为了能出任巡抚，吴禄贞不惜拜在军机领班大臣庆亲王奕劻门下，并且筹集了两万银元行贿。但晋湘两地一时无法出缺，良弼便推荐吴禄贞出任刚刚出缺的第六镇统制。 明明知道这个朋友坚持革命主张，还将靠近京畿的兵权交给他，良弼大人是疯了吗？只能说良弼对吴禄贞一直不能死心，希望他能转为清廷所用。据说，吴禄贞任第六镇统制的诏令下达之后，良弼策马直奔吴府，对吴禄贞说：“吾两人尔汝如兄弟，如携手练兵以御外侮，左提右挈，天下事大可为。尊主庇民，何必革命！”吴禄贞当面唯唯，良弼一去，吴即写信给友人称：“识时务者为俊杰，以赉臣（良弼）之英雄，而不识时务，不过不忘己之为满人尔！” 吴禄贞能与良弼保持友好，并非虚与委蛇，他心里一直也认为良弼是“英雄”，而且吴禄贞的主张，是革命而不排满，他到过新疆、陕甘、蒙古、延吉，常常以己之体悟，驳斥“种族革命”之说，他认为，强调汉族革命，会逼得蒙古族、回族与满族站在一起对抗汉族，满人久不习兵，但蒙回却“善斗轻生”，“以汉人倒满，无不胜，以汉人角蒙回满，则无不败”，最终成果是“兵连祸结，邦分崩离析”。说到这里，吴禄贞总是摇摇头说：黄克强生长南方，未能游历河朔延吉一带，他不明白这个道理。 吴禄贞任第六镇统制未久，武昌事变，山西响应独立。清廷立授吴为山西巡抚，带兵平叛。吴禄贞只身往娘子关，与山西都督阎锡山共组燕晋联军，将回攻京师。这一回，铁良、良弼再爱才，再惜友，也无法坐视吴禄贞的铁拳砸碎大清的头颅。11月7日凌晨，吴禄贞的前卫队长马蕙田被收买，刺吴于石家庄车站站长办公室。清廷躲过了辛亥年最大的一次危机。 有人说，袁世凯在刺杀吴禄贞一事中也起了作用。可是，无论如何，给凶手马蕙田的两万元赏银，是军谘府参议良弼亲手发出，将反贼吴禄贞的人头转呈朝廷，也是良弼亲手而为。 两个半月之后，良弼死于革命党人彭家珍抛出的炸弹之下。两位好朋友，泉下相逢，还会为要否革命争得面红耳赤吗？