Chapter 15 Chapter Fourteen

The most exciting reunion in the history of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants turned into the most serious split.In Mao Zedong's life, three September 9ths were deeply embedded in his life.Yan Xishan's speech became a notice that there was a base in northern Shaanxi.The northern Shaanxi base area also launched a purge of counter-revolutionaries.History is most ruthless.History is also the most affectionate. Both Xu Haidong and Liu Zhidan made great contributions to the Chinese revolution. On June 2, 1935, the same day that the Central Revolutionary Military Commission awarded awards to Liao Dazhu and others who captured Luding Bridge, Zhang Guotao, Chen Changhao, and Xu Xiangqian called: Li Xiannian had been sent to lead a part of the Red Fourth Army to occupy Maogong and contact the central government.

Since starting from the Jiangxi Soviet Area, the Central Red Army has fought bravely for 8 months. It first hoped to join the Second and Sixth Army Corps, but it was not available. After the Zunyi Conference, it will cooperate with the Fourth Front Army. This goal was achieved.It is conceivable that the mood of the Central Red Army is up and down. On June 8, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission issued the "Instructions on the Strategic Tasks of the First and Fourth Front Armies to Join Forces to Develop a New Situation."The basic task in the future is to use all efforts and regardless of all difficulties to obtain a direct connection with the Fourth Front Army and open up a new situation.

The two "everything" express the urgency beyond words. On June 12, Bogu published "Forward!Join the Red Fourth Front Army! ", even the title can feel the excitement and beating heart. The Central Red Army and the Red Fourth Front Army have been fighting on the battlefields of their respective bases for a long time, and they have telegraph contact with each other, but the main commanders have basically never met each other.Even Commander-in-Chief Zhu De, who is also famous among the cadres and soldiers of the Fourth Front Army, not many Fourth Front Army cadres have met him.There are very few commanders like Chen Geng, head of the Central Red Army Cadre Corps, who have held senior positions in both the Red Fourth Front Army and the Central Red Army.

Having never met or known each other does not hinder the fiery feelings between the brothers of the Red Army class.They all use their own unique ways to express their affection in thousands of words to their class brothers from afar. The two pioneers—Wang Kaixiang, commander of the Second Division and Fourth Regiment of the First Corps of the Central Red Army, and Xiong Houfa, commander of the Eighty-eighth Division of the Thirty Army of the Fourth Red Army—began their contact with the sound of gunshots and trumpets; Peng Dehuai, commander-in-chief of the Third Army of the Red Army, and Xu Xiangqian, commander-in-chief of the Fourth Front Army, completed their acquaintance with stones and baskets.

On June 12, the first regiment of the Central Red Army, the second division and the fourth regiment crossed Jiajin Mountain.Going down to the foot of the mountain, there was a sudden gunshot.The head of the regiment, Wang Kaixiang, found troops around the village in front of him through the binoculars.Trying to communicate with the sound of the horn, the other party answered, but still could not hear the enemy or us, Wang Kaixiang ordered the troops to move forward in a fighting posture. Yang Chengwu, the political commissar of the Fourth Regiment, recalled the scene at that time: "Suddenly, there was a very faint call from the mountain wind. We listened carefully, but we still couldn't understand the words, so we speeded up. Gradually, the sound became louder and louder." I heard, "We are the Red Army!" Red Army? Is it really the Red Army? I was half-believing when a scout rushed back and shouted as he ran, "It's the comrades of the Fourth Red Army!" Comrade is here!'"

After 8 months of fighting and a journey of more than 10,000 miles, the Central Red Army faced either steep mountains and rivers or heavily blocked enemies.This time, one of our own people finally appeared in front!The cheers that resonated in the valley from the two armies, together with the hot tears from the eyes of these men of steel, contained all the meaning and depth of affection beyond what we can imagine today. The scout who rushed to report the news was long gone, but the sincere cry from the heart was engraved by the years like annual rings.When you turn to page 165 of the third episode of the 1961 edition of "A Spark Starts a Prairie", that voice is still the eternal resonance in the valley, shaking in your heart wave after wave.

The First Army is the main force of the Central Red Army; the Second Division and the Fourth Regiment are the main force of the main force.The 30th Army is also the main force of the Fourth Front Army; the 88th Division is also the main force of the main force.The two first-class main forces of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army met enthusiastically!Wang Kaixiang, head of the Fourth Regiment, and Xiong Houfa, commander of the 88th Division, held hands tightly! Wang Kaixiang is 34 years old and a strong general in the Central Red Army.Before and after the Zunyi meeting, Geng Biao succeeded Geng Biao as the head of the fourth regiment. He was a pioneer and a fire all the way. He was characterized by quick action and determination, which made the red fourth regiment even more powerful.

Xiong Houfa is just 21 years old, and he is also a fierce general in the Fourth Front Army.He was the battalion commander at the age of 17, the commander of the regiment at the age of 19, and the commander of the main division at the age of 20.He has never fought in any major battles in the Fourth Front Army, and he became a famous general in the Fourth Front Army at a young age. In the evening, the troops joined forces for a party, and the bonfire reflected the sky red.The soldiers held each other's hands and didn't want to let go. Sichuan folk songs and Xingguo folk songs rang together.

The comfortable environment of this night has never been seen by the Central Red Army since the Long March.Lying on the bed prepared by his comrades in the Fourth Front Army, Wang Kaixiang suffered from insomnia.He talked with political commissar Yang Chengwu all night.Talk about the difficulties and dangers that have passed, and talk about the bright future in the future... Wang Kaixiang failed to see the future. Four months later, in October 1935, when the Central Red Army arrived in Wuqi Town on the Long March, he suddenly suffered from typhoid fever. At the Luohanchuan Red Army Hospital in early November, due to unbearable pain, the Long March pioneer ended his life with a pistol.

Xiong Houfa couldn't see either. In March 1937, in the last battle of the West Route Army, he was wounded and captured, and was bombarded to death by cannons by Ma Bufang in Xining, Qinghai. Wang Kaixiang and Xiong Houfa are the front-line fighters of the two Red Army units, and Peng Dehuai and Xu Xiangqian are the main commanders of the two Red Army units. On July 6, Xu Xiangqian led more than ten regiments to meander along the banks of the Heishui River.On the way, I received a telegram from Peng Dehuai, saying that the Three Army Corps had arrived in Heishui to meet the Fourth Front Army.Xu Xiangqian was very happy, and immediately sent a report asking Peng Dehuai to meet at the Weigu River Ferry.

The Weigu River is about 20 to 30 meters wide. It is one of the tributaries of the Minjiang River. The water is deep and fast, and the water is bitingly cold.People usually come and go, relying on the chain bridge. Xu Xiangqian walked to the ferry and found out that the chain bridge had been destroyed.It is more difficult to cross the river than to reach the sky. "Xu Qianqian Biography", published in November 1991, described in detail the unforgettable meeting of the two Red Army commanders: At this time, a small team appeared on the other side of the river.A man walking in the front was a strong man with a medium build, wearing a gray cloth military uniform and a bamboo hat. After walking to the shore, he waved to Xu Xiangqian and others; , and no one could hear what the other party said.Xu Xiangqian had heard of Peng Dehuai's name a long time ago.Peng Dehuai was no stranger to Xu Xiangqian's name, but the two had never met before, so no one dared to conclude that the other party was the person they wanted to meet.After a while, Xu Xiangqian saw the man wearing a bamboo hat on the other side gestured to him, and then threw a small stone.A piece of paper was tied to the stone with a small rope, which said: "I will bring one of the three armies, and I will welcome you here! - Peng Dehuai." Xu Xiangqian was very happy, and immediately tore off a page from the notepad , Formally and formally wrote: "I am Xu Xiangqian, I really want to see you!" Also tied to a stone and thrown across the river.Knowing that Xu Xiangqian was on the other side, Peng Dehuai happily waved his big bamboo hat and greeted him cordially frequently. On the same day, the communication unit pulled up a telephone line on the river, and Xu Xiangqian and Peng Dehuai talked for the first time, greeted each other, and agreed to meet at a place called Yi Nian on the upper reaches of the Weigu River the next day.The next day, Xu Xiangqian led people over the two mountains, and it was almost noon when they arrived at Yinian; Peng Dehuai also arrived at the same time, but to his disappointment, the chain bridge here was also destroyed, and the two sides were still facing each other across the river.Xu Xiangqian's entourage found another means of crossing the river on a section of the river-a zip line.A rope runs across the river bank, and a basket made of bamboo sticks hangs on it, and a fellow countryman sits in it, sliding towards the opposite bank.Because Xu Xiangqian was eager to meet Peng Dehuai, when the fellow came across the river, he himself sat in the basket like the fellow, kicked hard on the rock with his feet, and slid to the opposite bank with his strength.When he reached the finish line and jumped out of the basket, Peng Dehuai rushed to meet him, clasping his hands tightly.Peng Dehuai said humorously: "Commander Xu, I didn't know you had this ability!" Xu Xiangqian said: "This is the first time a big girl gets on a sedan chair!" The people around laughed. These two powerful generals of the Red Army completed their first sincere meeting with stones and baskets. The most important and important meeting of the two main Red Army armies, the Central Red Army and the Red Fourth Front Army, was the meeting between Mao Zedong and Zhang Guotao. For the reunion of the two armies, Mao Zedong personally set three slogans for the First Army: The First, First, and Fourth Fronts are a family! 2. The victory of joining forces proves that our Red Army is invincible! 3. Welcome Chairman Zhang! Chairman Mao welcomed Chairman Zhang, and Chairman Zhang also sent an enthusiastic telegram to Chairman Mao: "The victory telegram of the Maogong meeting came, and the whole army rejoiced. You successfully fought for more than a thousand miles, swept the southwest, and fought for the anti-imperialist Soviet movement. The arduous and long-term struggle against the sacred national revolutionary war has resulted in the rendezvous of today's main Red Army, setting the conditions for the most favorable foundation for redification of the Northwest. From now on, we and you will jointly fight for the Northwest Revolution under the unified command of the Communist Party of China. victory until the victory of the new Soviet China." Mao Zedong and Zhang Guotao were both well-known leaders of the Red Army, and both were at the top of Chiang Kai-shek's list of wanted Communist Party figures.Mao Zedong enjoyed unquestionable authority in the Red Front Army, and Zhang Guotao also enjoyed unquestionable authority in the Red Fourth Front Army.In response to the instructions from the Communist International, both dared to show their independence, and both were figures with leadership qualities. On June 25, 1935, Zhang Guotao arrived at Lianghekou from Mao County via Wenchuan and Lifan.Dozens of people including Mao Zedong, Zhang Wentian, Zhou Enlai, and Zhu De rushed to the welcoming venue three miles away to welcome them.Zhang Guotao recalled: "About three miles away from Fubian, Mao Zedong led members of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and some forty or fifty senior military and political cadres, and stood by the roadside to welcome us." There are memories that it was still raining that day.Then Mao Zedong and the members of the Politburo stood in the rain and waited. Welcome Chairman Zhang, who enjoys the highest authority in the Fourth Front Army. This was the first and last time since Mao Zedong became the de facto leader of the Chinese Communist Party, he went so far to welcome another leading figure in the party. Zhang Guotao is not very good.Different from the habit of the leaders of the Central Red Army sitting on a stretcher, he rode a tall white horse, surrounded by more than a dozen cavalry guards, galloping from far to near. Seeing the entire Politburo standing by the side of the road, he immediately got off his horse and ran forward to hug and shake hands. "It is indescribable to reunite after so many trials and tribulations. Mao Zedong stood on a pre-arranged table and gave me a welcome speech. Then I gave a reply speech, paying tribute to the CCP and expressing gratitude to the hardships of the front army. Struggle and express our deep condolences," he recalled. He also said: "I rushed from Maoxian County to Maogong with excitement to meet with Mao Zedong and other comrades who have not seen each other for a long time." He and Mao Zedong had known each other for a long time. In August 1918, Mao Zedong visited Beijing for the first time.Introduced by Yang Changji to Li Dazhao, he was arranged to work as an assistant in the library of Peking University, basically as a temporary worker. Mao Zedong said to Snow in 1936: "When I was working in the library of Peking University, I also met Zhang Guotao, the current vice chairman of the Soviet Union." This encounter is not equal.Mao Zedong was fighting for the status of an auditor at that time, and Zhang Guotao was not only a third-year student in the preparatory course of science and technology at Peking University, but also a man of the moment among the students, who was initiating the organization of the "National Magazine".Every night, his room was a hub for radical classmates. At this time, Mao Zedong was cleaning the room, arranging the bookshelves, and gathering newspapers and periodicals in the library after get off work. Mao Zedong carefully identified every reader who signed the registration book.Those readers who came and went in a hurry, but almost none of them left the name and face of the temporary worker in charge of the journal in their minds. He later told Snow: "Because of my low position, people don't want to associate with me. One of my duties is to register the names of people who come to the library to read newspapers, but most of them don't think of me as a human being." Look at it. Among those who read the newspapers, I recognized the names of some famous leaders of the New Culture Movement, such as Fu Sinian, Luo Jialun, etc., and I have a strong interest in them. I have tried to talk to them about politics and culture problem, but they're busy people and don't have time to listen to a library assistant speak Southern dialect." Zhang Guotao was also one of those who had no time to talk to the journal administrator.His earliest memories of Mao Zedong did not come from the Peking University library next to him, but from the nationally famous "Xiangjiang Review" in Changsha. This publication was edited by Mao Zedong after he returned from Beijing, and it had a great influence in the south.Although Zhang Guotao, who is extremely politically sensitive, immediately felt the energy displayed by a man named Mao Zedong thousands of miles away, he missed the meeting and conversation with Mao Zedong at Peking University. The second encounter between Mao Zedong and Zhang Guotao was the First Congress of the Communist Party of China held in Shanghai in July 1921. Zhang Guotao also has great advantages. None of the "South Chen and North Li" came, and Zhang Guotao became the host of the first congress.He recalled that "I was promoted as the chairman of the meeting and first announced the official establishment of the Communist Party of China"; "I explained to the meeting the process of drafting the draft party program and political platform"; "I suggested that the meeting should first report the work status of each region by the representatives." ; "After a few days of discussion, I later summed up the opinions of the participants and put forward some conclusions" and so on. The four "I" characters make his limelight in the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China full of air. Mao Zedong served as the meeting recorder at the First Congress of the Communist Party of China.He used to write down the names of the readers one by one in the Peking University Library.Now write down everyone's speech one by one. Zhang Guotao pointed fingers there. Later, the Secretary Department of the Chinese Labor Organization was established, with Zhang Guotao as its director.There are five branches in North, Hunan, Wuhan, Guangdong and Shandong.Mao Zedong was the director of the Hunan branch. Since the founding of the Communist Party of China, Zhang Guotao has been in the core leadership position of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for a long time. In July 1921, the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China, he was one of the three members of the Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China. In July 1922, at the Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China, he was one of the five members of the Central Executive Committee. In June 1923, at the Third National Congress of the Communist Party of China, he lost his qualification as a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China because he opposed the Communists joining the Kuomintang. In January 1925, at the Fourth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, he was re-elected as a member of the Central Executive Committee and became one of the five members of the Central Bureau. In May 1927, at the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, he was elected as one of the seven members of the Politburo and one of the three members of the Politburo Standing Committee. In July 1928, at the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, he was elected as one of the seven members of the Politburo. After the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee in January 1931, he was one of the three Standing Committee members of the Politburo. In January 1934, at the Fifth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, he was one of the twelve members of the Politburo. In this comparison, Mao Zedong is much worse.He was elected as the Central Executive Committee only at the Third Party Congress where Zhang Guotao lost his qualification as the Central Executive Committee.This period is also short.One and a half years later, the Fourth Congress of the Communist Party of China was held, and Zhang Guotao was re-elected as a member of the Central Executive Committee.Mao Zedong lost the election and lost his eligibility for the Central Executive Committee. After the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in May 1927, Zhang Guotao, Chen Duxiu, and Cai Hesen became three members of the Politburo Standing Committee, and Mao Zedong was only elected as an alternate member of the Central Committee. On September 10, 1956, Mao Zedong recalled at the second plenary meeting of the Preparatory Conference of the Eighth National Congress: I only had the right to speak at the Fifth Congress, but not the right to vote.I also made a lot of mistakes, but at that time they didn't tell me where my mistakes were, and they only let me be an alternate representative.Here I am at the first congress.I did not attend the Second Congress.The Third Congress (which was held in Guangzhou) came again and was elected as a member of the Central Committee.The Fourth Congress did not come again, and we lost members of the Central Committee.I'm probably an unlucky couple.The Fifth Congress has arrived, and it is also very good to be an alternate representative, being elected as an alternate member of the Central Committee. Only at the "August 7th" emergency meeting in August 1927, the status of Mao Zedong and Zhang Guotao was evened out.Zhang Guotao was demoted to an alternate member of the Politburo because of his involvement in the August 1st Nanchang Uprising; Mao Zedong was promoted to an alternate member of the Politburo because of planning the Autumn Harvest Uprising. The balance is maintained for a very short time.The Autumn Harvest Uprising team did not attack Changsha but went to Jinggangshan. The representative of the Communist International in China, Rominaz, proposed to expel Mao Zedong as an alternate member of the Politburo.Qu Qiubai, the actual person in charge of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, a friend and supporter of Mao Zedong, had no choice but to agree.The news spread to Jinggangshan that Mao Zedong was expelled from the party. Mao Zedong later said: "During the Jinggangshan period, a misinformation came, saying that the central government expelled me from the party, so I could no longer live in the party. I could only be a teacher, and I could not go to the expenditure department meeting. Later, it was said that this was a rumor. It was expulsion from the Politburo, not expulsion from the party. Ah, I was relieved!" This was the incident he was talking about. The momentary balance was quickly lost again.Mao Zedong was expelled as an alternate member of the Politburo, and Zhang Guotao was elected as one of the seven members of the Politburo at the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. This is a very senior figure in the CCP.Xiang Ying was very proud of a small pistol presented by Stalin, and kept it on his waist; Zhang Guotao had a face-to-face conversation with Lenin and listened to Lenin's teachings with his own ears.His qualifications were comparable only to Chen Duxiu before 1927; only to Zhou Enlai after 1927. With such senior qualifications but 4 years younger than Mao Zedong, the sense of superiority in his heart is huge even if he does not express it. In fact, before Lianghekou shook hands and hugged, differences between Zhang Guotao and Mao Zedong and others had already emerged. On June 16, Mao Zedong sent a telegram to Zhang Guotao, proposing a strategic policy after the meeting: occupy Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces, establish a Soviet regime in the three provinces, and occupy Xinjiang with an organized expeditionary force at an appropriate time.At present, it is east of the Minjiang River, developing between the Minjiang River and the Jiajiang River. Zhang Guotao called back the next day, agreeing to develop into Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu, but disagreed with the "current plan".It is believed that the terrain and supplies between the Minjiang River and the Jiajiang River mentioned by the central government are not conducive to the movement of large troops, and it is temporarily conducive to the southward attack. Mao Zedong wanted to go north, and Zhang Guotao wanted to go south.Even before the meeting, differences emerged. It is normal to have disagreements.One party travels long distances.One side has been sticking to it for a long time, and each has different judgments on the situation and estimates of itself. It is understandable that there are differences, and it is not difficult to solve them through further discussions and repeated comparisons. The problem is that other factors cannot be added.Later, some people said that Zhang Guotao was unwilling to go north, and proposed to organize an expeditionary force to occupy Qinghai and Xinjiang, which was not true.It was not Zhang Guotao who first proposed the expedition to Xinjiang, but Mao Zedong.However, Zhang Guotao was the first to add the factor of strength to the debate, and the issue had to be greatly complicated, serious, and intensified. In the beginning, when faced with disputes, everyone followed the usual methods within the party to seek solutions. On the second day of Zhang Guotao's meeting with Mao Zedong and others, the Politburo held an enlarged meeting in a lama temple in Lianghekou.Three days will be devoted to discussing the strategic policy after the rendezvous of the two armies. Zhou Enlai made a report on the current strategic policy. It is the most appropriate time to choose Zhou Enlai to make a report on behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. After Chen Duxiu stepped down on July 12, 1927, Zhou Enlai entered the core of the CPC Central Committee. For quite some time after the Sixth National Congress in 1928, Zhou Enlai was actually the main leader of the CPC Central Committee.Apart from him, no one is qualified to suppress Zhang Guotao. Zhou Enlai seized a good entry point.Both the Central Red Army and the Fourth Front Army broke away from their original base areas.In this case, the question of direction becomes a question of where to create a new Soviet area. He proposed three conditions that the Soviet area should meet in the future: first, the territory is large and easy to maneuver; second, the population is large and easy to expand; third, economic conditions. Zhou Enlai concluded that although the Mao, Song, and Li areas controlled by the Fourth Front Army were large in size, they did not have the latter two conditions; there would be no future if they were trapped in this area.It is even more impossible to turn back and head south.Crossing the Minjiang River to the east, the enemy has 130 regiments on the east bank.To the northwest, there is a vast grassland.There is only one way to go, that is to go north to Gansu, to Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu.There are many roads, a large population, and few mountains.You will definitely encounter enemies, but you can use mobile warfare to destroy them. After Zhou Enlai's report, 13 people including Mao Zedong, Zhang Guotao, Zhu De, Bogu, and Zhang Wentian spoke one after another. Zhang Guotao also agreed with Zhou Enlai's opinion at the meeting. Zhou Enlai made the conclusion.Put forward the slogan: Chihuachuan, Gansu and Shanxi. At the end of the minutes of the meeting, it was written: "All approved Enlai's strategic policy." After the meeting, Zhou Enlai immediately formulated the "Songpan Battle Plan" based on the decision of the Lianghekou meeting, preparing to defeat Hu Zongnan in one fell swoop and control the Songpan area as a northward passage. Zhang Guotao, who agreed to the northward advance, quickly changed. After the division meeting on June 25, Zhang Guotao didn't seem to ask Zhou Enlai casually how many people there were in the army on the one hand.Zhou Enlai told him frankly that there were more than 30,000 people at the Zunyi meeting, and it may not be there now. When Zhou Enlai recalled this scene in June 1972, he was still deeply impressed.He said that Zhang Guotao's face changed when he heard it.Zhang Guotao understands the meaning of numbers too well.This means that after the rendezvous of the two front armies, more than 80% of the total strength of 100,000 troops are members of the fourth front army. Strength is beginning to creep into what has just begun to be a debate about the way forward.Zhang Guotao began to think about how to bring this ratio into the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, and then into the Politburo. His personal ambitions swelled like this. The strength of the Central Red Army lies in the first and third armies.Lin Biao and Peng Dehuai became the focus of Zhang Guotao's work. He sent his secretary Huang Chao to visit Peng Dehuai.Send a few catties of beef and a few liters of rice, and two or three hundred silver dollars.Sit down and ask about the meeting.He also said to Peng Dehuai: Chairman Zhang knows you very well. Lin Biao probably sent the same thing and said the same thing.Nie Rongzhen recalled that once after eating at the General Headquarters of the Right Route Army, Chen Changhao said that Comrade Lin Biao could go first, and Nie Rongzhen stayed to talk.The first thing to talk about is the attitude towards the Zunyi Conference and the Huili Conference. Mao Zedong was co-elected as a member of the Politburo Standing Committee at the Zunyi Conference.Zhang Guotao did not agree with this meeting, in essence, he did not recognize that Mao Zedong had a higher status in the party than him. The conference criticized Lin Biao and Peng Dehuai.Zhang Guotao did not agree with this meeting, the essence was to win over Lin and Peng and draw salary from Mao Zedong. Under the apparent agreement, Zhang Guotao's work began secretly. Mao Zedong took care of the strong strength of the Fourth Front Army after the rendezvous. On June 29, the Politburo held a meeting of the Standing Committee and decided that Zhang Guotao was the vice chairman of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, and Xu Xiangqian and Chen Changhao were members of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission.On the same day, according to the decision of the Lianghekou meeting, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission issued the "Songpan Battle Plan" for the northward advance. On June 30, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Li Fuchun, Liu Bocheng, Lin Boqu, Li Weihan, etc. to form a central condolence group to Zagunao, the garrison of the Fourth Red Army.The condolence team arrived in Zagunao on July 3. Zhang Guotao expressed his dissatisfaction with the central government to Li Fuchun in Zagunao, and demanded to "enrich the Red Army's general headquarters."In view of the importance of the matter, Li Fuchun called the central government to report Zhang Guotao's request on July 6 and asked the central government to consider it. On July 8, Zhang Guotao convened a meeting of senior cadres of the Red Fourth Army in Zagunao, seized the fact that "Forward News" criticized the "Northwest Federal Government" and attacked the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Prior to the meeting of the two armies on May 30, Zhang Guotao announced the establishment of the "Northwest Federal Government" in Mao County. Dingshan, Gansu, West Tongqing, Xin, and further integrate with the Central Red Army's westward expedition army." After the two armies joined forces, Kaifeng published "Lenin on the Federation" in the "Forward News", criticizing Zhang Guotao for establishing the "Northwest Federal Government".Kaifeng and Zhang Guotao are both from Pingxiang, Jiangxi Province, but the difference is that his qualifications are very low.After the failure of the Great Revolution, he went to Moscow to study at Sun Yat-sen University, and returned to China at the end of 1930 before becoming a member of the Communist Party of China.This is a person with a very impulsive temper.At the Zunyi meeting, he resolutely refused to admit his mistakes. After the Zunyi meeting, he encouraged Bogu not to hand over power.But he was very young, just 29 years old at the time.The struggle is extremely enthusiastic and lacks strategy. The article published in the "Forward" was not good in terms of timing, and it was even worse in terms of effect.Zhang Guotao used this as an excuse to immediately provoke the antagonism between the cadres of the Fourth Front Army and the Central Committee. Zhang Guotao pays great attention to timing, effect and audience when speaking.In this regard, he has the foundation and more experience. When he was a student at Peking University, he served as the head of the speech department.During a street speech during the May 4th Movement, Zhang Guotao and his classmates shouted hoarsely and sweated profusely to an audience of more than 100 people.An old pastor stood aside and listened patiently until the end, and asked them to go to his residence to teach speech skills.He told these exhausted students straight-forward that their speeches were not popular enough, they did not start with the immediate problems of the public, and they did not connect the root of the people's suffering with the patriotic movement. Fully understood. The old pastor's words were not pleasant to the ears, but they were pleasant to listen to, which made people think about them for a long time.Previously, Zhang Guotao's ears had been filled with applause and cheers.It was this old pastor who made Zhang Guotao understand for the first time that speaking depends not only on passion, but also on skill.He deeply remembered what the old pastor said and benefited a lot. He used this method to deal with the so-called "Liu-Soviet Gang". Kaifeng refuted Zhang Guotao with "Lenin on the Federation", citing long and difficult words of the revolutionary mentor in large sections.Zhang Guotao said, "They are foreign devils, with foreign hair, wearing suits, glasses, and carrying vegetable boxes. They look down on the 'old-fashioned' of our Fourth Front Army and don't want us." He isolated them in the native Fourth Front Army.In this regard, Zhang Guotao is indeed a veteran.Using the theories learned in Moscow to fight against Zhang Guotao, from Zhang Wentian, Bogu to Kaifeng, all seemed too immature. Dare to classify himself as "old-fashioned", Zhang Guotao is quite cunning and confident.When he spoke these words, did the figure of the old pastor waver before his eyes? Only Mao Zedong can suppress him. Mao Zedong, whose qualifications in the party cannot be compared with Zhang Guotao, is also unrivaled in the party in terms of the armed separation of workers and peasants and the opening of red base areas.When Zhang Guotao entered the Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet Areas in 1931, Mao Zedong's military thought had already matured in the Central Soviet Area for more than four years. But Mao Zedong was now retreating. After Li Fuchun forwarded Zhang Guotao's request to "enrich the Red Army General Headquarters" on July 6, on July 9, the Sichuan-Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee controlled by Zhang Guotao proposed to the Central Committee to reorganize the personnel lists of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission and the Red Army General Headquarters. Chen Changhao served as the General Political Commissar and urged the Politburo to "make a quick decision." On July 10, Mao, Zhou, and Zhu sent a telegram to Zhang Guotao, expressing the hope that all units of the Fourth Red Army would move forward quickly and branch off to the north quickly, "don't delay any longer, let the enemy take the lead."And hope that he will come to Luhua to concentrate on commanding.On the same day, Zhang Guotao sent a telegram to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, personally proposing that "the organizational issue of unified command should be resolved quickly." One side is eager to go north, while the other side is not in a hurry, "Zhang Gu talks about him". The situation is getting more urgent. On July 16, the Central Red Army captured Maoergai.Zhang Guotao not only refused to implement the plan, but stood still. He also proposed that Chen Changhao, the political commissar of the Fourth Front Army, be the general political commissar of the Red Army. On July 18, Chen Changhao called the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, proposing that Zhang Guotao should be the chairman of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, Zhu De should be the commander-in-chief of the former enemy, and Zhou Enlai should also be the chief of staff.Without such a "centralized military leadership", it would be "unable to smoothly destroy the enemy". During this period of time, Mao Zedong seldom spoke, seldom expressed his position, and was extremely cautious.Liu Ying, who was the secretary-general of the Central Team at that time, recalled that extraordinary period in 1986: Chairman Mao said: "Zhang Guotao is a powerful faction. Let’s form a rope.” Chairman Mao analyzed that Zhang Guotao wanted to be the chairman of the Military Commission, and this position is now held by Commander-in-Chief Zhu, and he cannot replace it.However, he is not reconciled to being only the vice chairman, with Enlai and Jiaxiang on an equal footing.Wen Tian said to Chairman Mao: "Let me give him the position of General Secretary." Chairman Mao said: "No. He wants to seize military power. If you make him General Secretary, he may not be satisfied, but it really makes him happy." It’s troublesome for him to sit on this throne.” After thinking about it, Chairman Mao said, “Let him be the chief political commissar.” Chairman Mao meant to consider his request as much as possible, but he couldn’t let him seize all the military power. .Discussing with Enlai, who is the general political commissar, Enlai didn't care about his personal status at all. He felt that this arrangement was good and agreed. Zhou Enlai once again bears the burden.Since there are more soldiers and more guns on the four fronts, and since Zhang Guotao said that without personnel adjustments, the enemy will not be wiped out smoothly, and he will not be able to advance northward. In order to take the overall situation into consideration, Zhou Enlai, who first proposed the strategy of going north to Shaanxi and Gansu, gave up the general political commissar of the Red Army. On July 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting of the Politburo Standing Committee in Luhua to solve organizational problems.Zhang Wentian presided over the meeting and proposed personnel arrangements on behalf of the Central Committee: "The Military Commission has a commander-in-chief, and Comrade Guo Tao serves as the chief political commissar and the chief person in charge of the Military Commission. There are small military commissions (members of the Military Commission Standing Committee) under the Military Commission. In the past, there were 4 people, but now it has been increased to 5. People, Comrade Chen Changhao joined in, and Comrade Guotao was mainly responsible. Comrade Enlai was transferred to the Standing Committee of the Central Committee, but before Comrade Guotao became familiar with him, Enlai temporarily helped him. This is the division of labor of the Military Commission." The concession is big.The "three-member military leadership group" established after the Zunyi meeting and before the Lubanchang battle, that is, the three-member group of Mao, Zhou, and Wang, came to an end. Zhang Guotao looked serious at the meeting. "Comrade Guotao serves as the general political commissar and the chief person in charge of the Military Commission." He clearly knows that strength is playing a role.At the meeting, he proposed to promote new cadres, and the Central Committee should also add new people.Mao Zedong said that it is necessary to promote cadres, but it is not necessary for so many people to be concentrated in the central government, and people are also needed at the lower levels, so he no longer insisted on his request. He doesn't have to insist.He believes strength will continue to play a role. Where will the dependence on strength lead him? When the two main forces of the Red Army first joined forces, the total strength of the Red Army reached more than 100,000, and their morale was high.The main force of the Fourth Front Army is located on both sides of the Minjiang River and can be dispatched east or north at any time.As for the enemy's main force, Xue Yue's troops are still in western Sichuan, and Hu Zongnan in the north has not yet completed their assembly.The Sichuan Army suffered repeated losses and its morale was low. Faced with this situation, the "Red Star" published an editorial with "The Great Rally", saying that this rendezvous "is an unprecedentedly great event in history and an event that determines the future development of the Chinese Soviet movement" and "is the largest since the five battles". Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, and Zhang Wentian jointly sent a telegram to Zhang Guotao, Xu Xiangqian, and Chen Changhao: "The meeting of the two main forces of the Chinese Soviet movement created a milestone in the history of the Chinese revolution." A new record opens up a new stage in the Chinese revolution and makes our enemy, the imperialist Kuomintang, tremble with fear." Who would have thought that what awaited them was an unprecedented situation of division? The outside world is changing dramatically.In Moscow, Wang Ming drafted the "August 1st Declaration" for the CCP delegation to unanimously resist Japan.In Nanjing, Falkenhausen drafted the "Countermeasures for the Current Situation" for Chiang Kai-shek to resist Japan.The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, which has lost all contact with the outside world, is still devoting a considerable amount of energy to liquidating the past. From July 21st to 22nd, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held a meeting in Luhua to discuss the views on the issue of the Fourth Red Army abandoning the Hubei, Henan, Anhui, and Tongnanba base areas. Mao Zedong said that the enemy was not repulsed several times in Hubei, Henan and Anhui, because there was no preparation, and it was correct to withdraw at that time.But it was wrong for Tongnanba to repel Liu Xiang and give up in the attack after the victory. Zhou Enlai believed that it was wrong to withdraw from Hubei, Henan and Anhui, and it was correct to withdraw from Tongnanba to meet the Central Red Army. Zhang Wentian said that during the fourth campaign against "encirclement and suppression" in Hubei, Henan and Anhui, there was a "Left" tendency at first, and later became conservative; Tongnanba won the battle or gave up, reflecting a lack of understanding of the importance of the base area; Lack of a clear strategic approach; for the Northwest Federation, it is not clear what constitutes a "federation". In the end, Bogu made a conclusion: Agree with the general estimate, Guotao carried out four "encirclement and suppression" and then the party's line. It can be seen from the minutes of the meeting that the atmosphere of democratic discussion within the party at that time was strong, and different opinions could be freely expressed at the meeting; the general purpose of the meeting was to unite Zhang Guotao.Mao Zedong said: From Hubei, Henan and Anhui to the present, Guotao's leadership has no problem, the line is correct, and other individual issues are not correct.Fully affirmed the achievements of the Fourth Front Army. But the meeting's vision was too far in the past.It is not correct to say that the Central Red Army abandoned the Central Soviet Area, and that the Fourth Front Army abandoned the Hubei, Henan, Anhui, or Tongnanba Soviet Areas. It will take time to clarify these complicated issues.Judging from today's perspective, many leaders of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China at that time did not have a clear understanding of these issues.The success of Mao Zedong in the Zunyi Conference was that he first resolved the urgent military issues and was not in a hurry to make a general liquidation of history.The Luhua Politburo meeting was too rigid about these issues, too unilaterally using some theories and principles to take care of the other party, and it was easy to hurt the feelings of comrades in the Fourth Front Army. The two main Red Army forces lost their original bases and were pushed to the northwestern corner of Sichuan by Chiang Kai-shek, and both lost contact with the outside world.When everyone is unaware of external changes and focuses on judging who is right and who is wrong in the past, some unnecessary disputes become very necessary. Zhang Guotao took advantage of this loophole.Otherwise, just Zhang Guotao, no matter how ambitious he is but no one responds, can he cause such a big crisis to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China? 暴风雨到来之前是平静的。表面看起来，北上的问题好像解决了。 7月21日，中革军委决定四方面军总指挥部兼红军前敌总指挥部，徐向前兼任总指挥，陈昌浩兼任政治委员，叶剑英任参谋长。中央红军第一、三、五、九军团番号依次改为第一、第三、第五、第三十二军。四方面军番号不变，仍是第四、第九、第三十、第三十一军。 同日，中革军委下达《松潘战役第二步计划》，将红军混编为五个纵队北上。第一纵队司令员林彪，政委聂荣臻，率第一军两个师及第三十军两个师共12个团；第二纵队司令员兼政委王树声，率第三十一军一部、第四军一部、第九军一部共8个团；第三纵队司令员彭德怀，政委杨尚昆，率第三军和第三十军一部、第四军一部共9个团；第四纵队司令员倪志亮。政委周纯全，率第五军、第三十二军、第九军一部共9个团；第五纵队司令员兼政委詹才芳，率第三十三军及第三十一军一部，共6个团。另以第四军4个团编为右支队，许世友为司令员，王建安为政委。 大军刚到毛儿盖，张国焘就拿出了他对政治局芦花会议的不满。 他召集紧急干部会议。宣布中央执行的是机会主义路线。要求将四方面军的十几个干部分别批准为中央委员、政治局委员及书记处书记；同时指责遵义会议是调和主义，要求博古退出书记处与政治局，周恩来退出军委工作，不达目的不进兵。 矛盾空前尖锐化，张国焘想摊牌了。 为应付这一局面，8月4日至6日，中央政治局在毛儿盖以南40里的沙窝召开会议。毛泽东再次决定退让。通过了徐向前、陈昌浩、周纯全为中央委员，其中陈昌浩、周纯全二人为政治局委员。何畏、李先念、傅钟为候补中央委员，陈昌浩为红军总政治部主任，周纯全为总政治部副主任。 张国焘还是不满意，说：“在坚决提拔工农干部上还可以多提几个人嘛！”毛泽东说：“四方面军中有很多好的干部，我们现在提出这六位同志，是很慎重的。照党章规定，本来政治局不能决定中委，现在是在特殊情况下才这样做的。” 周恩来在会上发言：现在我们最高的原则是作战胜利，只有这样才能得到一致，所以我们要将问题尽量提到最高原则上来解决。 周恩来讲这番话的时候，清楚地知道因为芦花政治局会议上他讲四方面军退出鄂豫皖苏区不对，张国焘的主要矛头便对准了他。一定要他退出军委工作。 精神压力是巨大的。沙窝会议后中央决定恢复一方面军番号，周恩来任一方面军司令员兼政治委员，中央红军改称为红一方面军。 但周恩来刚刚执掌一方面军大印，就病倒了。 由于时间的耽搁，胡宗南部主力已集结松潘，堡垒封锁基本完成。中共中央被迫放弃松潘战役计划，决定改经草地北上。据此，红军总部制订了《夏洮战役计划》：以集中在卓克基地区的红四方面军第九、第三十一、第三十三军，和红一方面军第五、第三十二军编为左路军，由朱德、张国焘率领，北出阿坝，争取先机进占夏河洮河流域；以集中在毛儿盖地区的红一方面军第一、第三军和红四方面军第四、第三十军编为右路军，由徐向前、陈昌浩率领，北出班佑、阿西。中共中央随右路军行动。 8月10日，红军前敌总指挥部下达《右路军行动计划》，规定右路军分三个梯队蝉联北进，掩护左路军主力北上。13日，前敌总指挥徐向前将这一计划电告张国焘。但张国焘按兵不动。 这时国民党军薛岳部由雅安进至文县、平武，同胡宗南部靠拢；川军已进占懋功、绥靖等地及岷江东岸地区。各路敌人正在逐步合围过来，企图把红军歼灭于岷江以西、懋功以北地区。 此时张国焘又想北出阿坝占领青海、甘肃，又想南击抚边、理番，举棋不定。 8月15日，中共中央致电张国焘：“不论从地形、气候、敌情、粮食任何方面计算，均须即以主力从班佑向夏河疾进”，“目前应专力向北，万不宜抽兵回击抚边、理番之敌”，否则军粮“难乎为继”。 张国焘接电后终于从卓克基出发。20日，先头部队占领阿坝。 8月20日，中共中央在毛儿盖召开政治局会议，讨论战略方针。会议通过了由毛泽东起草的《关于目前战略方针之补充决定》，严厉指出：“政治局认为在目前将我们的主力西渡黄河，深入青、宁、新僻地，是不适当的，是极不利的。”“目前采取这种方针是错误的，是一个危险的退却方针。”号召全体党员、指战员团结在中央的路线之下，为实现赤化川陕甘，为苏维埃中国而战。 8月21日，右路军开始过草地。 周恩来的身体基本上垮了。开始以为患的是痢疾，后来才发现是肝脓肿。当时的条件根本不能开刀或穿刺，只能用治痢疾的易米丁和警卫战士从60里外的高山上取冰块在肝区上方冷敷。但过草地怎么办呢？ 彭德怀咬牙一句“抬！”决定从迫击炮连抽人组成担架队，宁可装备丢掉一些，也要把重病的周恩来、王稼祥等人抬出草地！这真正是空前艰巨的任务。高山大川，磨烂鞋底，磨破脚掌，因为地面的坚硬。草地却是湿软的地表、弥漫的水雾、无底的沼泽。无向导带路，便很容易陷入泥沼而不能自拔，更何况还要抬人！ 陈赓站出来担任担架队队长，兵站部部长兼政委杨立三也站出来给周恩来抬担架，别人怎么劝也劝不住。人人都经过了长途跋涉，人人都缺吃少穿，冻饿交加，抬担架的人，比睡担架的人已经强不了太多。杨立三和战士们一起抬着担架，迈过脚下的野草、泥沼和腐臭的黑色污水，任风吹在身上，雨淋在身上，雪落在身上，冰雹砸在身上，硬是把周恩来等人抬出了草地。 过草地欠下的情谊周恩来终生难忘。 1954年杨立三去世。担任国务院总理的周恩来，无论如何要亲自给他抬棺送葬，也是别人怎么劝也劝不住。 1974年彭德怀去世。戴着“里通外国、阴谋夺权”的帽子，骨灰被送到成都。存放前，传来周恩来的指示：要精心保管，时常检查，不准换盒，也不准转移地方，以免查找时弄错。 当时已身患癌症且处境险恶的周恩来，没有忘记雪山草地之恩。他用心良苦！ 1978年彭德怀平反，中央军委指示查找彭德怀同志的骨灰。骨灰顺利找到了。似乎预感到将来而提出“以免查找弄错”的周恩来，已经去世近三年。 1935年8月29日，右路军第三十军和第四军一部，向包座地区之敌发起进攻。经三天激战，毙伤俘敌第四十九师五千余人。包座之战显示四方面军确实具有坚强的战斗力。四十九师是胡宗南的主力，被刚刚走过草地的程世才、李先念指挥三十军一下打垮，北上之门由此完全打开。 跟随右路军前进的中共中央，站在敞开的门边焦急地等待左路军的张国焘。 9月1日，张国焘率左路军一部从阿坝出发，向中央所在的班佑、巴西地区开进。 9月2日，张国焘到达噶曲河附近，致电中共中央“噶曲河水涨大，上下三十里均无徒涉点”，停止东进。 9月3日，张国焘电称“茫茫草地，前进不能，坐以待毙”；公开反对北上方针，要中共中央和右路军南下。同时令左路军先头部队三日内全部返回阿坝。 危机到了爆发时刻。 大多数人都有过这种体验：越到关键时刻，各种相关回忆越呈现一片互相矛盾的混乱。就像那些记录重大历史事件的真实镜头，观众除了从慌乱捕捉、无序跳动的镜头中感觉到拍摄者激烈跳动的心脏和不住颤动的手臂外，其他便很难看清楚到底发生什么了。 1935年9月发生在阿坝、班佑、巴西地区的事件，也是如此。 从9月8日开始，空气中充满了火药味。张国焘电令四方面军三十一军军长詹才芳：“令军委纵队蔡树藩将所率人员转移到马尔康待命，如其（不）听，则将其扣留，电令处置。” 同一天徐向前、陈昌浩电张国焘：“中政局正考虑是否南进。毛、张皆言只有南进便有利，可以交换意见；周意北进便有出路；我们意以不分散主力为原则，左路速来北进为上策，右路南去南进为下策，万一左路若无法北进，只有实行下策。”“请即明电中央局商议，我们决执行。” 张国焘回电徐、陈：“一、三军暂停向罗达进，右路军即准备南下，立即设法解（决）南下的问题，右路皮衣已备否。即复。” 徐向前、陈昌浩接电后，经研究由陈昌浩报告了党中央。 当晚，中央领导人通知陈昌浩、徐向前去周恩来住处开会。会议一致通过向张国焘发出如下电报：目前红军行动是处在最严重关头，需要我们慎重而又迅速地考虑与决定这个问题。弟等仔细考虑结果认为：（一）左路军如果向南行动，则前途将极端不利，因为：（甲）地形利于敌封锁，而不利于我攻击…… （乙）经济条件，绝不能供养大军…… （丙）阿坝南至冕宁，均少数民族，我军处此区域，有消耗无补充…… （丁）北面被敌封锁，无战略退路。 （二）因此务望兄等熟思深虑，立下决心，在阿坝、卓克基补充粮食后，改道北进，行军中即有较大之减员，然丹南富庶之区，补充有望。在地形上、经济上、居民上、战略上，均有胜利前途。即以往青、宁、新说，亦远胜西康地区。 ... 以上所陈，纯从大局前途及利害关系上着想，万望兄等当机立断，则革命之福。 恩来、洛甫、博古、向前、昌浩、泽东、稼祥9月8日22时《毛泽东年谱》记载，9月9日，张国焘从阿坝致电徐向前、陈昌浩并转中共中央，再次表示反对北进，坚持南下，并称“左右两路决不可分开行动”。另背着中央电令陈昌浩率右路军南下，并企图分裂和危害党中央。 索尔兹伯里在《长征，闻所未闻的故事》中说，9月9日上午，张国焘发密码电报给陈昌浩，彻底开展党内斗争。前敌总指挥部参谋长叶剑英获悉后立即报告了毛泽东。杨尚昆1984年4月3日对索尔兹伯里说：“叶并不了解其中的阴谋。” 《叶剑英传》引述叶剑英的回忆说，“9号那天，前敌总指挥部开会，新任总政治部主任陈昌浩讲话。他正讲得兴高采烈的时候，译电员进来，把一份电报交给了我，是张国焘发来的，语气很强硬。我觉得这是大事情，应该马上报告毛主席。我心里很着急，但表面上仍很沉着，把电报装进口袋里。过了一段时间，悄悄出去，飞跑去找毛主席。他看完电报后很紧张，从口袋里拿出一根很短的铅笔和一张卷烟纸，迅速把电报内容记了下来。然后对我说：'你赶紧先回去，不要让他们发现你到这来了。'我赶忙跑回去，会还没有开完，陈昌浩还在讲话，我把电报交回给他，没有出娄子。那个时候，中央要赶快离开，否则会出危险。到哪里去呢？离开四方面军到三军团去，依靠彭德怀。” 叶剑英说出一个重要情况：依靠彭德怀。这一句话的分量，并不亚于毛泽东抄在卷烟纸上的那一段电文。 中央红军与四方面军会合后，张国焘各军团互通情报的密电本收缴了，一、三军团和毛泽东通报的密电本也被收缴了。从此以后，只能与前敌总指挥部通报。彭德怀忧心忡忡地说：“与中央隔绝了，与一军团也隔绝了。” 北进时，林彪率一军团和四方面一部为前锋，距离中央队甚远。 三军团走在右路军的最后，与中央队很近。当时周恩来、王稼祥因病重均住在三军团部。出于担心中央的安全，每到宿营地，彭德怀都要去看毛泽东，还秘密派三军团十一团隐蔽在毛泽东住处不远，以防万一。 身经百战的彭德怀已经从空气中感觉出事态严重。他觉得张国焘有野心，中央没有看出来。林彪已进至俄界地区。身边的兵力只有三军团的几个团，中央领导人又都住在前敌总指挥部。一旦有变，安全没有保证。 粗中有细的彭德怀多了个心眼。他当时叫人另编了密码本，派武亭带着指北针沿一军团走过在路径去找林彪、聂荣臻。 武亭是朝鲜人，长期在三军团作战。他刚把密码本送到，事情就发生了。 事实证明，彭德怀送密码给林、聂，将一、三军团重新联络成一个首尾相应、交替掩护的战斗整体，是事变发生前极为关键的一着棋。林彪、聂荣臻在前方接到彭德怀的电报后，立即作好了接应中央和三军团的所有准备。 9月8日，毛泽东得知张国焘来电“右路军即准备南下，立即设法解（决）南下的问题”后，发现情况严重，通知陈昌浩、徐向前“在周恩来住处开会”，即是在三军团开会。 会前彭德怀向毛泽东请示：“如果四方面军用武力解散我们，或挟中央南进，怎么办？从防御出发，我们可不可以扣押人质，以避免武装冲突？” 彭德怀所说的人质，指将要到会的四方面军政委陈昌浩。 毛泽东深思片刻说：“不可。” 但彭德怀的主意，为中央领导人脱离前敌总指挥部提供了借口。毛泽东到陈昌浩住处对陈说：军队即要行动，中央是否召开一次会议，作些部署？陈昌浩同意。毛泽东又以病中的周恩来、王稼祥均在三军团为由，约陈到三军团司令部开会。 会议开完，毛泽东便留在了三军团。 三军团成为非常时期中共中央和毛泽东唯一可以依赖的武力。 到了9月9日。 中共中央将要与张国焘在战略行动上分离的9月9日。 一方面军将要和四方面军分离的9月9日。 中国工农红军从1927年八一南昌起义以来将出现第一次大分裂的9月9日。 9月9日，中央再电张国焘：“陈谈右路军南下电令，中央认为完全不适宜的。中央现恳切地指出，目前方针只有向北是出路，向南则敌情、地形、居民、给养都对我极端不利，将要使红军受空前未有之困难环境。中央认为：北上方针绝对不应改变，左路军应速即北上，在东出不利时，可以西渡黄河占领丹、青交通（界）新地区，再行向东发展。” 但一切都难以挽回了。 同日24时，张国焘复电徐、陈并转中央，坚持南下：“南下又为真正进攻，决不会做瓮中之鳖。” 此日后，一方面军和四方面军一个向北，一个向南了。 毛泽东一生中，三个9月9日深深嵌入他的生命。 第一个是1927年9月9日，湘赣边界秋收起义爆发，毛泽东第一次实践“枪杆子里面出政权”。就在这天，与潘心源途经浏阳张家坊时，毛泽东被清乡队抓住，押送团防局处死。他从未暴露身份的潘心源那里借了几十块钱，打算贿赂押送的人。他对斯诺回忆说：普通的士兵都是雇佣兵，枪毙我对他们并没有特别的好处，他们同意释放我，可是负责的队长却不允许。因此我决定设法逃跑。但是，直到离民团总部大约不到