Chapter 16 3. Liu Bang and Xiang Yu's attitude towards others

Liu Bang gave people the same impression as Tang Taizong, he seemed to be a person who was good at accepting advice and listening to harsh advice.The three heroes of the early Han Dynasty, Zhang Liang, Xiao He, Han Xin, as well as Fan Kuai, Chen Ping, and Peng Yue, all gave him advice, and his country was won bit by bit through the constant suggestions of these people.Use Li Shiqi's plan to take Chenliu; use Zhang Liang's plan to take Wuguan; use Chen Ping's plan to solve the Xingyang crisis.There are too many examples to list them all. The reason why Liu Bang was able to obey these people's words at least explained four problems: first, these people were right; second, Liu Bang thought they were right, or Liu Bang had judgment; third, Liu Bang doesn't have any ideas of his own, at least not many; four things, Liu Bang's temper is quite easy-going.Through these four points, we can draw such a conclusion: Comrade Liu Bang is a good leader, and a very good leader.

A good leader does not depend on his specific ability and courage to do things, but on his ability to control the overall situation, whether he can make accurate predictions about things, and then make rapid deployments. A person who does everything big by himself is fundamental It's not suitable to be the top leader. If it's like that, what do you need your subordinates to do?The leader may not work, but he must have strong judgment and discernment.This requires him to be patient when encountering problems, open-minded, have a temper, and be able to calmly analyze the opinions and suggestions of his subordinates, so that the problem has enough time to stay in his mind.It is always better to use the collective wisdom and collective strength than to act arbitrarily.

Liu Bang did a good job in this regard.The world was settled, and Liu Bang had a big banquet for the officials. When he summed up the meeting, he said: "In the curtain of planning and planning, the decisive victory is worse than thousands of miles away. I am not as good as Zifang. Township the country, caress the people, and give naan. I am not as good as Xiao He. Even with an army of millions, you must win a battle and capture an attack. I am not as good as Han Xin. These three are all outstanding people, and I can use them. This is why I conquer the world." It means In terms of planning and planning, I am not as good as Zhang Liang; guarding the country, appeasing the people, and ensuring supplies, I am not as good as Xiao He; winning battles, I am not as good as Han Xin.These three people are all heroes among men!I can make good use of them, which is the reason why I won the world.This is a summary of Liu Bang's experience after he seized the world. It is a heartfelt statement. Zhang, Xiao, and Han have their own specialties and advantages. Liu Bang can't compare with any one of them, but Liu Bang can tie them together and work together for him. Effectiveness, then Liu Bang has gathered the abilities of three people. In this way, none of the three can compare to Liu Bang.This is the skill of the leader.

In fact, Xiang Yu is not completely deaf to other people's words. From his uncle Xiang Liang's rebellion, to taking charge of his own affairs, and finally becoming the overlord of Western Chu who commands the world, there are many people who give him advice along the way.In this regard, Xiang Yu not only listened, but also took the initiative to discuss with others.For example: Xiang Yu relieved the crisis of Zhao State, Zhang Han's army all took refuge in Xiang Yu, and then the army marched to Guanzhong together, and when they arrived at Xin'an, there was a dispute between the allied forces of the princes commanded by Xiang Yu and the Qin army who surrendered because of the deep grievances.Most of the officers and soldiers of the allied forces of the princes came from poor backgrounds. Many of them had been conscripted to do corvee service in the Guanzhong area before, and they had suffered humiliation, beatings and scolding. It was unbearable for Qin Bing to use Qin Bing as a slave, and many people had the idea of ​​​​running away. "The princes have heard about their plan and told Xiang Yu." The soldiers on Xiang Yu's side noticed it and reported it to Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu called Ying Bu and General Pu to discuss it. All killed.

Regardless of the right or wrong of the incident itself, whether the method was cruel or not, and the impact of the incident, Xiang Yu first listened to other people's opinions, and then paid attention to them. When he was undecided, he took the initiative to talk to his subordinates people to discuss. Also: On the eve of the Hongmen Banquet, Cao Wushang sued Liu Bang to Xiang Yu, and Xiang Yu planned to ask Liu Bangxing for his crime.Unexpectedly, he encountered the situation of Infernal Affairs. Uncle Xiang Bo not only leaked military information to Zhang Liang, but was also fooled by Liu Bang and became a verbal relative of his sons and daughters, so in turn he helped Liu Bang Meng Xiang Yu.He said to Xiang Yu: "If Duke Pei doesn't break through the pass first, how would you dare to enter it? Today, it is unrighteous to attack people with great achievements. It is better to meet him because of kindness." It means that Liu Bang worked so hard to break through the pass, and you entered the pass so smoothly. Well, if someone has done meritorious service, we still have to send troops to beat him. This is an unrighteous act, and we should treat him kindly.Xiang Yu thought it was reasonable, so he "promised" and promised to treat Liu Bang kindly.This is also a very important reason why Liu Bang was not wiped out by Xiang Yu at the Hongmen Banquet. Otherwise, no one would be able to stop Xiang Yu from killing Liu Bang. It would be useless for ten Fan Kuai to break into the banquet, and it would be useless for Liu Bang to use the toilet as an excuse.

Another example: Liu Bang defeated Chu, but was defeated by Xiang Yu and chased him to Xingyang. The two sides started a tug-of-war in Xingyang.Build corridors and connect them with canals, so that they can be used to transport food.Xiang Yu repeatedly sent troops to invade the tunnels to snatch grain and rice. In the end, Liu Bangjun "lack of food, fear, please make peace".Faced with Xiang Yu's wolf-like attack, Liu Bangjun really couldn't hold on anymore, so he wanted to "cut the west of Xingyang as the Han", let's stop fighting, we accept it, I just occupy the west of Xingyang, and the rest is your Western Chu Overlord .Xiang Yu "wanted to listen to it", and felt that it was boring to continue like this, so he planned to give up. At this time, Fan Zeng said: "Han Yi and Er, I can't take it now, and I will regret it later." We will lose soon. If we stop now, we will definitely regret it in the future. Xiang Yu followed Fan Zeng's suggestion, "We are encircling Xingyang urgently with Fan Zeng."

Not only the wily and calculating Fan Zeng, but even Xiang Yu can listen to thirteen-year-old children.In the Xingyang tug-of-war, Liu Bang was not Xiang Yu's opponent, and lost many times. Later, Xingyang was also occupied by Xiang Yu's army. Liu Bang then sent Peng Yue to attack Liang, intercept Xiang Yu's grain roads, and cut off his supplies to ease Xiang Yu's offensive momentum.Peng Yue captured seventeen cities including Suiyang and Waihuang one after another, forcing Xiang Yu to return to attack Peng Yue.As a result, when attacking Waihuang, Xiang Yu encountered resistance and lost a lot of soldiers. In the battle of Waihuang, Xiang Yu was so angry that he spread all his anger on the people in the city. All men over the age of fifteen were driven to the east of the city, ready to be murdered.At this time, the son of Sheren, the magistrate of Waihuang County, who was just thirteen years old, stood up to the majestic and angry Xiang Yu and said: "Peng Yueqiang robbed Waihuang, and Waihuang was afraid, so let's surrender and wait for the king. When the king comes, everyone How can the people return to the pit (pit)? From now on, to the east, more than ten cities in Liangdi are afraid, and they will not go down.” The meaning of this passage is: Peng Yue conquered Waihuang by force, and the people in the city were forced by Peng Yue Therefore, he temporarily compromised and surrendered, hoping that the king would come back.Now that the king has obtained Wai Huang again, but wants to kill the people, how can the people have the heart to submit to the king?If Your Majesty really does this, then from now on, from now on, the people in more than a dozen cities in Liangdi will be afraid of being murdered by the King, and will definitely hold on to it, and the King will not be able to attack even one place!Xiang Yu "but what he said is to pardon the foreigner Huang Dang (pit)", his anger was completely dissipated, and the matter was over.The army traveled smoothly without encountering any resistance.

The above examples can at least illustrate Xiang Yu's four characteristics: For one thing, Xiang Yu thought about the problem simply.Xiang Bo's lame rhetoric and Liu Bang's summation after his defeat all illustrate this problem; secondly, Xiang Yu is easily influenced by the outside world and impulsive.Originally made up minds are easily changed by external influences; three, when Xiang Yu is undecided, he will take the initiative to find someone to discuss with; Will do what they say.Even Xiang Yu can listen to what a thirteen-year-old child says, as long as it is correct, which is enough to prove this point.

In other words, Xiang Yu has no major problems except that he is subjective, impulsive, and easily influenced by the outside world.It's natural for him to think things are simple, isn't that how he studied and learned swords when he was a child!And this is also related to experience. Xiang Yu was only in his twenties at the time, and he definitely lacked in being considerate. It will take time to change. Everyone will encounter external influences, let alone anyone who can tell right from wrong, in fact, everyone's ears are soft, if someone keeps saying bad things about a person in your ear, over time, your impression of him will definitely not be much better.This is all human nature.But when these characteristics are combined, one conclusion can be drawn: Xiang Yu is not a qualified leader, if to put it mildly, then Xiang Yu is a leader with personality.Such leaders tend to go to extremes and make mistakes in judgment.