Chapter 156 155. Two Difficulties in Peace Talks

In addition to the difficulty of solving the location, number, and name of the North-South Peace Conference, there were two practical problems. One was the armistice in Shaanxi Province, and the other was the survival and abolition of the participating troops presided over by Duan Qirui. Regarding the Shaanxi issue, we should start with Chen Shufan. Chen Shufan was a native of Ankang, Shaanxi. He was a junior officer in the Shaanxi Army and climbed up to the position of brigade commander step by step.In the 5th year of the Republic of China, Hu Jingyi, a member of the Shaanxi Revolutionary Party, took advantage of the difficulties to capture Lu Chengwu, the eldest son of Shaanxi General Lu Jianzhang. In October 2005, he was officially promoted to lieutenant general, gained the status of military governor, and became one of the vassal warlords of the Anhui clique.

In Shaanxi, Chen expelled Li Genyuan, the governor, and acted like the king of Guanzhong, withholding military pay, extorting excessive taxes, opium cultivation, and sensual entertainment.Because of his misdeeds, all Shaanxi people gnashed their teeth. In October 6th, Geng Zhi used the garrison to challenge Chen in the provincial capital. He fought in the streets for two days and nights, failed and left Pucheng, and died in the city.Guo Jian also established himself in Pucheng. In November, Zhang Yi'an, the battalion commander of Hu Jingyi's headquarters, raised his troops in Sanyuan, defeated Chen Shufan's subordinates Zeng Jixian and Yan Xilong, and marched into Xi'an. In January 7, Hu Jingyi established the Shaanxi Jingguo Army in Sanyuan.Chen Shufan made a long-distance call to Hu and said: "Don't use the same method you used to deal with Lu Jianzhang against me. You are mistaken. Lu Jianzhang is over fifty years old and has tens of millions of dollars in his pocket. I was a poor student six years ago, and now I am still a poor soldier. , Whoever opposes me, I will fight with my life."

Although Chen was not ashamed of his words, there were anti-Chen militias everywhere in Shaanxi. Cao Shiying led his troops from northern Shaanxi.Lu Zhankui led thousands of Mongolian cavalry to occupy Yucheng.Gao Jun occupied Baishui, Hancheng and counties along the river.Fan Zhongxiu led the Henan People's Army to fight in the south of the province and attacked Tongguan.Zhang Yi'an besieged the provincial capital, Chen Shufan pretended to seek peace, Zhang Nai retreated to Hu County, Chen Shufan's army arrived, Zhang Yi'an was caught off guard and died in battle, Zheng Baoshan, Dong Zhenwu and others retreated to Weibei.Chen Shufan begged for help from Beijing and the neighboring province of Henan.Duan Qirui ordered Liu Zhenhua to assist Shaanxi under the command of Henan Zhensong Army, that is to say, he made Liu the governor of Shaanxi.

In June 7th, Shaanxi Jingguo Army Lord invited Yu Youren, a revolutionary hero who ran a newspaper in Shanghai, to return to Shaanxi to preside over the Northwest Revolutionary Plan.Yu Naikai Wang Yutang crossed the Yellow River via Shanxi, went north via Yichuan, Yanchang, and arrived at Sanyuan. He became the commander-in-chief of the Shaanxi Jingguo Army, with Zhang Fang as the deputy commander and Jing Wumu as the commander-in-chief. Guo Jian, Fan Zhongxiu, and Cao Shiying were under his command. , Hu Jingyi, Gao Jun, Lu Zhankui and other six roads.Hui Youguang's first brigade stationed in the west of Weibei Province.

In mid-October, the Yasukuni Army vowed to challenge Chen and cross the Wei River first.Weinan guard Jiang Hongmou and Hu Jingyi used to have a personal relationship, that is to say, Kaesong greeted the surrender, and Hu Dan rode into the city to discuss the recruitment. Unexpectedly, it was a fraudulent surrender. Hu was detained on the spot and sent to Xi'an. Chen Shufan knew politics quite well. He didn't kill Hu, but threatened Hu to write a letter to his subordinates to surrender. Hu also agreed to write a letter, but he used secret codes in the letter to express that he would never surrender to Chen Shufan, so Hu's subordinates recommended a detachment Chang Yue Weijun acted as commander.Chen Shufan sent personnel to Hubu to appease him, and Li Tianzuo, commander of the third brigade, to Banqiao, but they were all shot dead by the Yasukuni Army.

In late November 7, Jing Wumu, the commander-in-chief of the Yasukuni Army, was appointed by Yu You to meet Ye Quanjun on the West Road and discuss the joint combat strategy. On his way back, he passed through Fengxiang to the Xingping defense area. Jing was invited to a meeting in Nanren Village, Xingping. Jing did not suspect him, and went there on November 21 on Qingqi. Yu Youren ordered Tian Yujie, deputy commander of the Fourth Route Army, to be headed by wrapping silk, and buried Jing's body in Jingyang.Yu You cried in Wumu's poem at the well: "It took ten days to return to Zhenyuan, and the hero regretted what to say. When crossing the river, there is hatred to collect bandits, and to die for the country without a name and cry for Jiuyuan. It is difficult to preserve the rhyme in Qiuxing's poems, and Nanren Village is far away from calling the soul. On the day of defeating the enemy and receiving the meritorious service, we specially set up Qiushan to imitate the Song Garden."

The Shanxi Jingguo Army suffered setbacks from Hu Jingyi and Jing Wumu successively, but continued to develop. When the North-South Peace Conference was held, the Sixth Route Army of the Shaanxi Jingguo Army had a vast territory in the whole of Shaanxi.Its distribution is: Guo Jian, commander of the first route, is stationed in Fangqian County, Wugong, Qishan, Fufeng, and Meixian.Fan Zhongxiu, the commander of the second route, garrisoned Yusi.Cao Shiying, commander of the third route, garrisoned Jiaokou, Gaoling, Sanyuan, Gancheng, and Luochuan.Yue Weijun, acting commander of the Fourth Route, was stationed in Jingyang, Sanyuan and Fuping.Gao Jun, Commander of the Fifth Route, garrisoned Heyang, Chengcheng, Guanshan, and Xingshi.Lu Zhankui, commander of the Sixth Route, was stationed in Sanyuan, Gaoling, Tong'an, and Yaoxian.In addition, the Sichuan-Yunnan Jingguo Army under Tang Jiyao, the governor of Yunnan, also entered the Pingli, Xing'an, Zhenba, and Ziyang areas.And Chen Shufan's territory is getting smaller day by day.

As far as the peace conference is concerned, the main battlefield of the northern and southern armies is in Hunan, and Shaanxi is not considered an important battlefield.However, due to changes in the Hunan battlefield, Duan Qirui wanted to open a second battlefield in Shaanxi in order to continue the Civil War.Therefore, before the peace talks, he dispatched a large number of northern troops to the Shaanxi battlefield in an attempt to eliminate the Shaanxi civilian army in a short period of time.He called the Shaanxi Yasukuni Army bandits and did not recognize them as the Confederate Army, and described the military operations in Shaanxi as suppressing bandits to show that they had nothing to do with the Civil War.

The army Duan sent to Shaanxi was the Xu Lanzhou Department of the Feng Army. When the peace conference was held, he transferred the Zhang Yuan Department of the Fourth Mixed Brigade into Shaanxi, and ordered Zhang Guangjian, the governor of Gansu, to send troops to Changwu and Binxian counties, and the Shaanxi guard envoy stationed in Fengxian County. Guan Jinju (with a mixed brigade) and Liu Cunhou (about two divisions) who fled from Sichuan to Hanzhong joined forces to attack the Yasukuni Army.As a result, the total strength of the Northern Army and the Yasukuni Army in Shaanxi reached 200,000, so the entire province of Shaanxi became a large military camp full of soldiers.

Before the peace conference was held, both the North and the South had issued a truce order to restrain the armies of both sides to defend their original defenses, and leave all issues to be dealt with at the peace conference.But Duan Qirui wanted a trick, proposing that the so-called areas occupied by the northern and southern armies should maintain the state before the war broke out. , these areas should be returned to the north.He further raised the issue of the so-called bandit suppression, slandering the Southern Army in Shaanxi, Fujian, and Hubei as bandits. Because the North raised the issue of bandit suppression, the North and the South started a war of words between "bandits" and non-"bandits".In the north, Guo Jian, Fan Zhongxiu, and Lu Zhankui were all described as bandits.Nanfang questioned, could Yu Youren be considered a bandit?The North admits that Yu Youren is not a bandit, and advises him to leave the bandit's nest as soon as possible.Nanfang asked again: "Aren't Wang Feihu, Bai Lingzi, Xu Zhimao, etc. that Chen Shufan recruited bandits?"

After the representatives of the Southern Peace Council arrived in Shanghai, they put forward conditions and demanded a complete truce including Shaanxi.Li Chun put forward five suggestions: (1) The truce area includes the three provinces of Shaanxi, Fujian, and Hubei. (2) The northern aid troops to Shaanxi and Fujian stopped advancing. (3) The two parties and the General Representative jointly sent personnel to Shaanxi to monitor the armistice. (4) The three provinces of Shaanxi, Fujian, and Hubei shall be designated by the generals of both sides as the armistice zone. (5) The two sides suppress bandits and defend the people within the designated area. In addition to the issue of the armistice in Shaanxi, there is also the issue of the participating troops.The First World War was over, and the question of entry into the war no longer existed.However, the people in the Duan Department have changed the supervision of participating in the war to the supervision of border defense, and the army participating in the war has changed to the border defense army.At the same time, the loan for participating in the war was raised to organize the border guards.Xu Shuzheng served as the head of the Northwest Frontier Defense Preparatory Office. The frontier defense army established four divisions, with Fu Liangzuo, Qu Tongfeng, Chen Wenyun, and Ma Liang as the division commanders.This was Duan's first step in trying to unify the country with a new army after being disappointed with the Beiyang Army.Before the peace talks, the Southwest proposed to cancel the war participation supervision, stop the war participation loan, abolish the Sino-Japanese military agreement, and disband the war participation troops.However, the Southwest side also knew that Xu Shichang would be helpless if the North was required to fulfill these conditions. Wouldn't this make the problem even worse.Therefore, these issues were submitted as agenda items without preconditions for discussion. The issue of who China will send representatives to attend the Paris peace conference is also one of the disputes between the North and the South, which is also one of the issues of power over the government.The Beijing government designated Lu Zhengxiang as the head of the delegation, and Gu Weijun, Wang Zhengting, Shi Zhaoji, and Wei Chengui as representatives.In this delegation list, only Wang Zhengting was from the Southwest, so the Southwest asked Wu Chaoshu and Wang Chonghui to be added as representatives. The issue of candidates for the general representative of the Northern Conference was mentioned earlier.Originally, Xu Shichang advocated that Li Chun should be appointed, and the Anhui faction fully opposed it. Liang Shiyi was also opposed by the Anfu faction. Duan wanted Wang Yitang to be the leader of the Anfu faction. He is the speaker of the House of Representatives, and Liang Shiyi is the speaker of the Senate.In the end, Xu accepted Liang Shiyi's opinion. Before Liang Bei returned to Hong Kong, he met Tang Shaoyi in Hong Kong. Tang said that Zhu Qiqian was a suitable candidate.Xu Nai mentioned Zhu as the general representative.Wang Yitang and Zhu Qiqian were both Xu Shichang's worshiping students. Wang later became Duan's private party, and Zhu was from the old transportation department, so they still maintained a good relationship with Xu. Southwest also expressed dissatisfaction with Zhu Qiqian as the general representative of the North. About 100 members of the Congress jointly signed a telegram to accuse the North of increasing troops in Shaanxi and Fujian provinces and lacking sincerity in peace talks.At the same time, he believed that Zhu Qiqian was the deputy speaker of the Anfu National Assembly and a criminal of the Hongxian Dynasty, so he opposed it. Since the North and the South had different opinions before the peace talks and could not reconcile, the progress of the peace talks was very slow.At this time, the envoys of the five countries had frequent contacts in Beijing, and they were preparing to make a second, harshly worded advice to both the North and the South.After this news came out, Duan and the main combat faction were greatly disturbed, and the main peace forces in the north and south increased greatly, and the peace negotiation issue took a turn for the worse.