Chapter 147 146. Xu Shuzheng's Northwest Frontier

In the autumn of the 7th year of the Republic of China, a Northwest Frontier Defense Preparatory Office was set up under Duan Qirui's Supervising Participation in the War (World War I) Office, with Xu Shuzheng as the director. One prepares.After the establishment of the Frontier Defense Preparatory Office, it happened to coincide with the Russian Revolution and the Communist Party seized power, which made Outer Mongolia want to break away from Russian control and lean towards China. The independence of Outer Mongolia was instigated by Emperor Russia. Jebtsundamba of Outer Mongolia ascended the throne in Kulun on December 28 of the lunar calendar in the year of Xinhai.The establishment of the Republic of China, everything is being created, so the emperor Russia can take advantage of the opportunity.On November 22, the 2nd year of the Republic of China, the Sino-Russian joint statement stated that China officially recognized the autonomy of Outer Mongolia, and allowed not to send troops to Outer Mongolia and resettle civil and military officials, and not to do colonization.On June 7th, 4th year of the Republic of China, China, Russia, and Mongolia jointly signed a "Khakta Agreement", reiterating all the terms in the Sino-Russian statement.In the 6th year of the Republic of China, due to civil strife in Russia, it lost control of Outer Mongolia, which gradually aroused Japan's covetousness. In the spring of 8, Japan used Buryats Seminov and Meng bandit Fusheng Alai to plan to form a large Mongolian country including Buryats, Inner Mongolia, Outer Mongolia, and Hulunbuir, which was under Japanese control.The person who presided over this work was Nakasa Matsui, the Japanese military attache in Kulun.Photos of meetings and banquets between Matsui and the Buryats were later obtained by the Chinese General Staff Headquarters.At this time, many princes and princes in Outer Mongolia were planning to return to China because of the miscalculation of independence and fear that Japan would seize the opportunity to invade.

The introversion of Outer Mongolia gave Xu Shuzheng a good opportunity to display his ambition.Xu Shuzheng is a man with great political ambitions.The chaotic situation in Beijing prevented him from displaying his ambitions, and his every move was likely to cause political turmoil. In addition, Duan Qirui's supervisory office of participating in the war was no longer tolerated by the Chinese people.It just so happened that he served as the director of the Northwest Frontier Defense Preparatory Office, and was encountering the problem of introversion in Outer Mongolia. Therefore, on April 17, 1988, he proposed the "Outline of the Northwest Frontier Preparation Measures", which was resolved by the State Council on June 10. The Japanese government specially appointed him as the Northwest Frontier Envoy, and on June 24, he was also appointed as the Commander-in-Chief of the Northwest Frontier Army.

At that time, President Xu Shichang was very much in favor of sending Xu Shuzheng to raise the side in order to divert the tiger away from the mountain.Because it is extremely inappropriate for him to stay in Beijing to make wind and rain, it is better to ask him to develop to the frontier, so there is less trouble. The official system of Northwest Frontier Envoys was announced on July 18, and its functions and powers are as follows: (1) In order to plan the northwest frontier affairs and revitalize various local undertakings, the government specially set up the Northwest frontier envoy.

(2) The Northwest Frontier Envoy is specially appointed by the President to plan transportation, grazing, forestry, mines, nitrate, commerce, education, and military affairs in the Northwest. All the troops stationed in the area are under the control command.Regarding the matters in the preceding paragraph, the guardian envoys should undertake the financing of the frontier envoys, and other chief assistants should also be restrained. (3) Northwest preparatory frontier envoys to handle the matters mentioned in the preceding article, which are contiguous and involve Fengtian, Heilongjiang, Gansu, and Xinjiang provinces, as well as those in the special administrative regions of Rehe, Chahar, and Suiyuan, should contact those provinces The highest military and political officials and all departments are in charge of the business.

(4) Matters concerning the implementation of Article 2 of the frontier envoys in the Northwest shall be negotiated and handled with Zasak, the head of each alliance and banner. (5) The Northwest Frontier Envoy shall set up an office, and its address shall be selected and reported by the Northwest Frontier Envoy. (6) The establishment of the Northwest Frontier Commissioner's Office shall be drafted and submitted by the Northwest Frontier Commissioner. When the Northwest Frontier Envoy's new order was issued, Chen Yi, the Protectorate envoy sent by Beijing to Kulun, was negotiating with the Mongolian king on the issue of abolishing self-government.Chen Yi, courtesy name Shike, was born in Hubei and was the grandson of Chen Shi, a famous ZTE general in the late Qing Dynasty.When Zhang Xun was restored, he was appointed as the "Minister of the Post and Communications Department". After the restoration failed, he escaped from Beijing and was arrested at Huangcun Station.In August of the 6th year of the Republic of China, he was appointed as the guardian envoy.

The political system in Outer Mongolia is that the princes govern the government, and the lamas discipline, with clear boundaries; after the self-government, the Living Buddha Jebtsundamba was the leader of politics and religion, so the lamas monopolized power, and the princes were rejected, because the lamas had Russians as their backers and could do whatever they wanted. Due to the civil strife in Russia, unable to take care of it, the princes initiated the abolition of self-government. The purpose was not to return to the central government, but to restore the old system of the former Qing Dynasty, so as to regain power.The person who came to contact Chen Yi on behalf of the Mongolian Kings Group was Che Lindorji, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Outer Mongolia Autonomous Government.

Chen Yi and Che Lin discussed the issue of abolishing self-government since mid-January 8, but there has been no concrete development.On August 4th, the Kulun Conference held a meeting, and the dispute between princes and lamas became fierce. In order to regain power, the princes were determined to sacrifice autonomy, so they authorized Che Lin and Chen Yi to negotiate in detail. The two sides decided on two principles: (1) Restoring the former Qing Dynasty In the old system, the five ministries were directly under the resident officials (instead of living Buddhas). (2) Set up local self-government councils, organized by princes (to exclude lamas).The above negotiations and terms were conducted in secret, and the Russians and lamas had no knowledge of it.

Chen Yi telegraphed the situation of the negotiations to the Beijing government, and the State Council proposed a cabinet discussion on August 21. At that time, he had no opinion on the content of the conditions, but believed that in terms of procedures, the princes of Outer Mongolia must first petition the government to restore the original system in the name of all, and then the government According to Outer Mongolia's request, we will negotiate with you again.The State Council issued an order to Chen Yi based on this opinion, but Chen failed to do so. He just continued to negotiate with the princes and dukes. At the same time, he perfunctorily said that Outer Mongolia hoped to negotiate various conditions informally before withdrawing autonomy with peace of mind.

Chen and Che Lin negotiated the conditions, and on October 1st sent secretary Huang Chengjian to send the draft conditions to Beijing. This is the sixty-three conditions for the aftermath of Outer Mongolia. The important items are as follows: 1. No matter when or what happens, the central government cannot change the original alliance and banner system in Outer Mongolia.The original jurisdiction and governance rights of the alliance banners Shabi, alliance leaders, generals, Zasak, Gao Zhuo Teba, etc. will always remain the same.The central government is not allowed to carry out colonial affairs and transfer the Mongolian Banner land to others.

2. There will be a senior official stationed in Zakulun, Wu, Ke, Tang, and Qia, and a counselor can be set up, and a deputy counselor can be appointed.The chief and deputy personnel must be one Mongolian and one Han, and they must be replaced in turn (such as the first Han Zheng and Mongolian deputy, and the second Mongolian Zheng Han deputy), and the Han members must be limited to civilian positions.Even in the Mongolian and Tibetan Academy in Beijing, one of the chief and vice presidents must also be appointed by the prince of Outer Mongolia. 3. The central government's garrison in Outer Mongolia, its planned layout and amount, shall be agreed upon jointly by the garrison officer and the assistant officer.In case of emergency, additional troops should be dispatched, but they must still be withdrawn.

4. People in the interior must first obtain the permission of the Zhazak responsible for building houses, operating commercial and industrial industries, and land reclamation, planting vegetables, logging, and mowing grass. 5. The development of mineral resources, the establishment of railways, telegraphs, and postal services must be handled through consultation between the resident staff and the assistant staff.If it is necessary to borrow foreign funds, it must first be approved by the local council of Outer Mongolia before it can be processed. The biggest obstacle in the negotiations between Chen Yi and the princes of Outer Mongolia is that the person Chen Yi chose has no power at all. Everything in the Autonomous Government of Outer Mongolia is completely controlled by lamas, and the idol of the people of Outer Mongolia is Jebtsundamba Living Buddha , that is, the leader of the autonomous government, the living Buddha only trusts the lama.Now Chen Yi and the prince are discussing that the abolition of autonomy in Outer Mongolia is to fight against the lama. The princes want to use the power of the Beijing government to overthrow the lama. It can be said that Chen Yi wanted to persuade the lama through the princes, and the living Buddha through the lamas, which can be said to be wishful thinking; and the princes continued to provide Chen Yi with wrong information. On August 19, Chen Yi sent a telegram to the Beijing Ministry of Foreign Affairs, saying: "As far as the lama is concerned, if the prince wishes, he will have no words. Moreover, the living Buddha has also sent to the central government for a long time, so there is nothing to worry about." On September 26, Chen Yi sent another telegram saying: " As for the lamas, the princes tried their best to clear them up, and all of them approved it. The matter of canonization...reported to the Living Buddha after the scriptures, is also allowed." But the fifth day after this telegram was sent, on October 1, Living Buddha Jebtsundamba wrote He wrote a letter to President Xu Shichang, and asked five lamas including Khenpo Moergen to bring it to Beijing on October 9. The letter stated briefly: "Chen Yi, the Chinese clerk in the treasury, proposed to abolish autonomy... and Put forward more than 60 proposals to come forward...then the people of Outer and Mongolia broke the agreement alone...hesitating and hesitating, Benjab Tsundamba Hutuktu Khan is also very worried and deeply disturbed." This letter It is obvious that the Living Buddha does not agree with Article 63. Jebtsundamba then wrote a second letter to Xu Shichang on October 24: "Grand President Junjian: According to the claims of the Kurun and Chen Du envoys, the official document requesting the cancellation of our Outer Mongolia's autonomy was given, and more than 60 conditions for Mongolia's future compliance were fabricated, and there were private meetings with various contestants. Therefore, if the President knows about this, it is advisable to wait for a while to put down the chaotic party recruited by Seminov, and call a meeting of the princes of Mongolia to resolve internal troubles, etc., and write to the President. Zasak has not yet arrived, and there are occasional visitors who not only do not want to cancel the autonomy, but hope that it still exists, that is, when all the Mongolian Lama people in Kulun heard about this move, they also talked about it. From this point of view, it is very However, the officials and people in Outer Mongolia claim that they still maintain the old system and it is difficult to force them to obey. Even the abolition of self-government did not come from my original intention. And other words, forced to come out. Ben Hutuktu Khan thinks again, I am not confused in Outer Mongolia, thanks to the party's flattery, and I am determined to abide by the tripartite agreement and maintain autonomy.There are many inconsistencies in violating the agreement and requesting the cancellation of self-government today.However, the guards of Kulun and Chendu were not satisfied with this case. Instead, based on the private discussions with various Seites, they were inconsiderate of public opinion and repeatedly threatened, which became more and more serious. The detachment was stationed in places such as Bier Kulun to study scriptures and lamas, and occupied foreign businessmen's houses without authorization.All kinds of troubles like this really dispel the opinions of all the people, and I feel very uneasy with contempt.Convinced of the benevolent decree given by our President to the pro-dynasty Kturbadarhu in secret before, I have enumerated the circumstances for this, and please review it in secret.The special dispatch of Samid Bakshnomenhan Beilegang Chan Hutuktu Damtang Bazar went to pay our respects to the President.I earnestly transfer Chen Duhu envoy who is not suitable for people in our borderlands, and the self-governing government will still remain valid.If so, then Huang Jiao will show respect, gradually expand, and be kind forever.The friendship between the great power of China and Outer Mongolia is boundless.Sincerely. " Jebtsundamba's Living Buddha Jiahengzun, whose status is second only to him, personally carried the letter and sent it to Beijing. Jiahengzun left on the 26th and arrived in Beijing on November 1st. Since Jebtsundamba expressed his opposition to withdrawal, Chen Yi and the princes had no choice but to proceed one-sidedly.The princes and princes decided to individually sign and deliver a letter, and Chen Yi telegraphed it to Beijing on October 29 and 30.At this time, the princes were already riding a tiger. From the perspective of the autonomous government of Outer Mongolia, the request of the princes to the Beijing government to revoke autonomy was tantamount to a coup d’état within the autonomous government of Outer Mongolia. In Beijing, Jin Yunpeng was the Prime Minister at this time. After receiving the 63 Articles brought by Chen Yi, he immediately called a meeting of various ministries to discuss, and telegraphed Chen Yi on October 20: Ku, looking after all the troops, has no direct mission to the Mongolian side, and the Mongolian affairs are still fully responsible for the Mongolian affairs, so as to clarify the authority." In the Duan family, Jin Yunpeng and Xu Shuzheng were at odds, so Jin's cabinet was of course unwilling to see Xu Shuzheng make contributions in Mongolian affairs.Chen Yi believed that the negotiations on the withdrawal of governance in Outer Mongolia had always been managed by himself, and of course he did not want Xu Shuzheng to interfere. Therefore, after receiving Jin Ge's call on the 20th, Chen Dang immediately called back to ask the State Council: "Has Xu Shuzheng ever been able to read the terms of delivery?" ?” Of course Xu Shuzheng knew about this secret agreement, so he telegraphed Beijing on November 1, saying that there were "seven musts" for the sixty-three conditions.At the same time, he asked him to call a meeting to study before making a decision.Jin Yunpeng was very disgusted with Xu Dianda. When it was submitted to the State Council meeting, Jin believed that the case had been approved by the cabinet, so he had to decide to do it, and he could not backtrack and damage his own prestige.Moreover, Xu wanted to convene a meeting with the deputy envoys of the preparatory border, and believed that the preparatory meeting could only discuss issues within the scope of border defense, and the case of the abolition of autonomy in Outer Mongolia had been handed over to Chen Duhu by the government, so there was no need for others to do it for him; as for What are the consequences? Let’s talk about it later. Even if it is inconvenient, there is no loss if you cancel it.Jin Qi instructed to telegraph Chen Yi according to his opinion. It turned out that Xu Shuzheng was still in Beijing when Chen Yi's secretary, Huang Chengjian, arrived in Beijing with 63 secret documents. Six or seven days after Huang's arrival, Chen Yi called Xu Shuzheng, saying: "Huang Chengjian has a secret mission to go to Beijing, and I hope to meet you in person."But when Huang Chengyan left from Kulun, Chen Yi once again asked Huang to avoid seeing Xu and not to let Xu know about it, so Huang tried to avoid seeing Xu in Beijing.One day Huang met Xu at the State Council. Huang didn't know that Chen Yi had a call to Xu, so when he saw Xu, he hesitated, saying that this trip was to leave for Fengtian due to a private matter, and Chen Du escorted him to the nearest Beijing to urge the team. Xu Shuzheng departed from Beijing for Kulun on October 23. The day before his departure, he visited Xu Shichang. Xu asked Xiao Xu about the withdrawal of governance from Outer Mongolia. Xiao Xu replied that he had not seen the original case. When the paper was transferred, it turned out to be a secret document sent by Chen Yi, with an endorsement from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on it.Xu Yin was ordered by the president, so he carried the document to the north and arrived in Kulun on October 29.Chen Yi didn't know that the whole case he sent to Beijing was in the hands of Xu Shuzheng, so he hesitated to Xu Shang.Xu, on the other hand, telegraphed Beijing on November 1 to object to this condition, and believed that there were seven things that could not be done. In this case, Chen Yi did not want Xu Shuzheng to intervene, because he believed that Xu Shuzheng did not want to share the credit for what had been done.State Prime Minister Jin Yunpeng had a long-standing grudge with Xiao Xu, and he didn't want to see Xiao Xu make contributions, so it was very complicated. Chen Yi may not know how to take advantage of the conflict between the prince and the lama to achieve the political goal of taking back the sovereignty of Outer Mongolia. He just discussed the solution with Che Lin very rigidly. Therefore, the "Regulations on the Rehabilitation of Outer Mongolia" is simply Chen Yi helping the Mongolian prince to "send to China" Fight for" autonomy, not "revoke" Mongolian autonomy.At that time, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs criticized the 63 Articles: "If we study the full text of the conditions, even though the government takes back the right to rule in name, it is still limited. Although Outer Mongolia has a petition to cancel its autonomy, according to the conditions, The spirit and basis of self-government still exist as before. . . . As for the various provisions of Russia . Xu Shuzheng also made the following suggestions to the government on this regulation: "Chen envoy Chen's plan to revoke the self-government regulations in Outer Mongolia contains some inadequacies. It was proposed that the deputy envoy of Qi'en will go to the library to meet with acquaintances in the near future. This was stated on the record yesterday. I will first report what I have seen and interviewed Mongolian for several days. People's remarks, Chen please review. A total of sixty-three articles have been checked in the original, and there are about several large and prominent ones...Meng was at the time of the Yuan and Jin Dynasties, and he was so powerful that he was able to conquer Eurasia. , and the land is privately owned by individuals, and it is not possible to use political regulations and laws to make the people obedient and gradually prosper their careers.Abandoning profits to the land will lead to impoverishment every day. The so-called hoarding gold and eating millet is nothing like the government. The key to governing Mongolia is to lead it to prosperity and to be cultured, so it has to be gradually reformed; To get rid of the old habits, you must reserve a camera to cope with the situation.This regulation is an expedient measure to take advantage of the situation in the name of China's territory without withdrawing self-government.After it has been withdrawn, there is no way to advance to civilization.What is more important than the abolition of self-government is not the name, but the reality of the government being established.Now the regime is unified by the central government, but the first article is only a general statement, and the remaining dozens of articles all increase the power of the Mongolian princes.Or if you think deeply about it, you shouldn't be fooled by others, so I lure you according to your feelings, and then use force to hope for success.If you know the country's major affairs, Hu can cheat and engage in them?Since ancient times, has there been anyone who can cheat for a long time?It is said that it is appropriate to be obedient and heavy, and there is no two.After the withdrawal of self-government, how will the tariff be changed?How are finances organized?How to revitalize agriculture, commerce and mining?One is not taken into account, but it is said that the prince Zasak Lama's annual salary and other expenses for reading scriptures will be paid by the government at a rate.Shuzheng is sincere and stupid. I don't know where to pay for it?If it is said that it is taken from Mongolia, then since the Mongolian people have to supply the central government, and the power of the lama princes exists, they must continue to supply them as usual. In order to make the people suffer, would it be better to endure more?If it is said to take the funds and reserves, then the funds and reserves are poor today, and there is no time to take care of yourself, so what time is there to care about Meng?Fearing that if regulations are enacted today, the prestige of the government will be lost tomorrow.Moreover, there is enough money to spare, and there is no reason to hide money from the chariot.It is said that the feelings of ruthlessness about finances cannot be repeated. ... To lure the Mongols to abolish their self-government is a good name; to expand the locality and develop the wisdom of the people is a good thing; to gain a name and benefit things is a beauty.If you just want to make a name for yourself, but don't judge it to hinder the matter, you are not the ultimate seeker of the country.Shuzheng came here to take care of the military, and he didn't want to make blasphemous comments, but he should not slack off his duties because of the border defense.I would like to use Chen Suihuai briefly, and listen to Fancong. If there is one percent that can be adopted, I would like to ask the envoy of Chen Du and the deputy envoys to draw up a brief and concise article. The general idea of ​​the clauses is based on my humble opinion, thinking that the government has the power of finance and finance, and the government should select personnel to supervise the situation, and discuss with the prince Zhasak in case of problems, and then implement them.Religious honors, the government insists on admiring them, and there is nothing to add.The annual salary of princes and lamas and local funds will be awarded by the government on a merit-based basis, and all titles and honors will remain the same.Local safety and security are all protected by the government, and diplomacy is all negotiated by the government. A few items are enough.The more complex the text, the more leaks, names and opinions will become more complicated, and the obstacles will be unlimited in the future.It's better to say in a nutshell, you can still feel safe if you are blind, and there is no hindrance to the plan of enlightenment. " Xu Shuzheng had already paid attention to all external relations of Mongolia when he took over as the director of the "Northwest Frontier Defense Preparatory Office". Therefore, he was well aware of all the plots and attempts of Japan and Russia against Mongolia.He believed that Mongolia's hesitation and wait-and-see attitude towards China, and the long-term failure of the guardian Chen Yi were all caused by the confusion between Japan and Russia.So before he entered Mongolia.First, 80 large trucks were purchased for future troop transport. 80 trucks, in today's view, is of course nothing, but 10 years ago, it was an astonishing number. When Xu Shuzheng decided to enter Mongolia, he ordered Chu Qixiang, the third brigade of the Northwest Army, which was preparing to enter Mongolia, to drive from Xuanhua (between Beijing and Zhangjiakou) on foot to Duolun (480 kilometers north of Zhangjiakou), and then take the prepared These 80 large cars headed towards the avenue to Cullen.It is about 2,000 miles from Duolun to Kulun. The road is mostly sandy moraine, and it takes five to six days to arrive by car.In order to maintain the purge of the military, Xu set a seven-day deadline to arrive.His own car and the vanguard marched on schedule.On October 29, when Xu Yu arrived in Daolin (140 miles away from Kulun), he suddenly stopped the car and picked up the phone to call the office of Matsui Nakasa, a Japanese military attache stationed in Kulun.His Japanese is so fluent that he doesn't need a translator to translate it. When Matsui answered the phone, Xu first said his name and mission, and then said straight to the point: "According to the report from my staff stationed in Kulun, your country has sent you to Kulun. There are more than 2,000 armed forces, may I ask if this is really the case?" Before that, Xu had found that there were about 100 Japanese soldiers in Kulun. Cullen Ears.Sure enough, after hearing Xu's lie, Matsui hurriedly argued, "Your information is not accurate. I actually only have 120 armed forces stationed here." He laughed and said: "I am not going to fight against you. The number of your garrisons has nothing to do with me! What I want to ask is: According to what treaty between China and Japan, did you openly garrison Kulun in Chinese territory?" At this time It was only then that Matsui understood the intention of Xu's talk, but couldn't find a suitable answer for a while. After a long time of murmuring, he argued, "This is because our government is afraid that the lives of diplomats will not be guaranteed. A small number of troops are here to make a perfect plan, and there is no other intention." Xu Yisongjing's answer has gone beyond the scope, and he is no longer polite, and he resolutely replied: "between the two countries, if there is any measure in any aspect, but it also involves When it comes to the interests of the other country, it must be done based on facts and with the consent of the other country. You are currently stationing troops in Kulun, which is neither based on a treaty nor approved by the Chinese government. It is obviously an illegal act. Please do so within three hours. , Send the weapons of your 120 people to my office in Kulun. If the time limit is exceeded, when the troops I lead enter Kulun, if there is a conflict between the two sides, you must bear all the responsibilities." Matsui Frightened by Xu's righteousness, and afraid that Xu Guo really brought a large number of troops, the consequences would be even more unimaginable, so he delayed by saying: "Your Excellency's request is too harsh, and it is beyond my power and responsibility to answer. There is a time limit of one day, and I will reply after asking the government for instructions." At this time, Xu could hear the fear in Matsui's tone, and he just wanted to delay the time, so he replied in a firm tone: "This matter is fundamentally wrong. , is from the Japanese side. Your Excellency is the person in charge representing the Japanese government. Of course, you have the responsibility to admit the mistakes of the government and also have the responsibility to correct such mistakes. Now please show the courage of being 'responsible' and give an affirmative answer! Listening to Xu's tone, Matsui expected that there was no room for manoeuvre, he just talked into the microphone, coughing dryly and being speechless.Therefore, Xu Nai deliberately left a buffer for him, and said: "This is the end of our conversation. I will now order my troops to postpone the trip for an hour. I hope you can Resolve this issue with my chief of office. I just need to make a phone call with my chief of office to decide whether to go or not." After speaking, he was afraid that the other party would be wordy, so he hung up the phone without waiting for the other party to reply. walk away.Sure enough, within half an hour, a call from Kulun's office came and reported to him: "Japanese military officer Matsui has handed over all the weapons of the 120 troops stationed in Kulun." So Xu immediately ordered 80 trucks to carry The well-armed army, mighty and mighty, drove into Kulun. After talking on the phone with the head of the Kulun office, Xu Shuzheng stood proudly beside the avenue, watching the military vehicles drive towards Kulun.He expected that after the disarmament of the Japanese garrison, the Mongols would be able to negotiate for the abolition of autonomy without hindrance due to the loss of Austrian aid. Next, with the title "Zaofa Dalin", I wrote a seven-character verse.The poem says: Chonghan feels that his iron clothes are light, and he will not bear the burden of traveling thousands of miles in barren sand, Like the moon and frost, the horse screams, and the rooster crows in doubt about the rain. The Central Plains stirs the bridle, trusts and feels lonely, and the sea echoes as the sound of night, And promote the felt car to take advantage of the distant dawn, and the sinking and changing will gradually become clear. When he marched into Kulun, in order to show off his force to the Mongols, he ordered the commanders of the troops in advance to limit the load of 20 officers and soldiers to each truck, and to expose the weapons carried by each soldier to the outside as much as possible, so that the appearance of his own car could not be seen. , It really fits the saying "The armor is bright, and the spears and knives are like a forest".After the military vehicle entered the urban area of ​​Kulun, it deliberately walked around several streets and alleys with continuous shops and dense population, and then drove towards the Red City in the western suburbs of Kulun (the garrison area ordered by Yuan Shikai when he was in power).But when the vehicle entered the camp, the soldiers were not allowed to get out of the vehicle. Instead, the officers monitored the vehicles and ordered the soldiers to lie down inside the vehicle, and then covered it with a huge canvas from the outside, so that no one could be seen from the outside of the vehicle.After the arrangements were made, the vehicles were driven out of the barracks again, and at a place not far from Kulun, they joined the ranks of new military vehicles again and entered the urban area of ​​Kulun together.Going back and forth like this, the Mongolians who have never seen the world are dazzled, and they simply don't know how many troops the Northwest Army has sent?Then, the disarming incident of the Japanese garrison that morning spread throughout the city of Kulun at the same time, making ordinary Mongolians respectful to this handsome young General Xu (Xu Shishi's actual age was 40 years old, but he looked like he was in his thirties). God in general. The Red City barracks in the western suburbs of Kulun was originally supervised by Yuan Shikai. Its scale is large enough for five divisions to live in.Xu Shuzheng only brought one traveler this time. Although the number of personnel in his establishment is larger than that of ordinary troops, more than 8,000 officers and soldiers cannot fill such a large barracks.However, Xu has already made arrangements for this. Before the arrival of the army, he stipulated that each company should live in a barracks that can accommodate a group of people, and that guards must be placed outside the gates of each barracks, and local people are strictly prohibited from approaching the barracks to avoid leaking information. the truth.Therefore, the fools thought that every barracks was full of troops.The number should be at least 50,000, but I don't know if it is less than 10,000.Thanks to Xu's arrangement, the psychological warfare against the Mongols has already achieved a significant victory. After Xu Shuzheng arrived in Kulun on October 29, 8, the Republic of China, he felt that people were suspicious by nature. If he used a translator during negotiations, he would not only lose his original intention, but also easily lead to misunderstandings. Therefore, on the third day of his arrival in Kulun, he immediately asked A translator came to learn Mongolian from him, and told people around him: "When I was learning Mongolian, unless there was a particularly important accident, I would never visit you." When he was in Beijing, he also paid attention to Mongolian language and Therefore, it only took two weeks of "remedial" time to be able to talk freely in ordinary Mongolian language.On November 14th and 15th, when he had talks with Mongolian "Prime Minister" Batma and various lamas, it was he who spoke in Mongolian himself without an interpreter.Because of his genius and agility, he only lived in Kulun for 22 days (arrived in Kulun on October 29, 8, and returned to Beijing by train on November 21), and successfully made Mongolia automatically revoke its autonomy. Xiao Xu met Jebtsundamba Rinpoche in Kulun on November 6th. On November 10, I talked with Chen Yi about the sixty-three conditions, but Chen still hesitated.Xiao Xu once sent a telegram to Xu Shichang, reporting the situation at that time, and the telegram said: "Chen Chen asked Shuzheng to come to the office tomorrow night to discuss the terms of the case. At that time, he will gather the two deputy envoys, Li En, and lead the brigade commander Chu Qixiang, and Yang Shenzhi Zhicheng will go to the business together, so as to avoid the prejudice of one or two people. Negotiation. If there are too many people to leak secrets, Shuzheng can be dealt with by military law. At the beginning of the final draft of the original draft regulations of Chen Chenshi, Shuzheng heard about it. He sent his secretary Huang Moufu to Beijing, and he knew it immediately.Six or seven days after Huang's arrival, the envoy Chen suddenly sent a telegram, saying that Huang Youmi was going to Beijing and prayed for a face-to-face meeting at that time.When he met Huang, he hesitated, flashed his spirit, and hesitated to speak his words.When asked what his secrets were, he said that there was nothing else to do, and because he asked for leave to go to serve, they all ordered him to pass by and urge the team to listen.Shuzheng smiled even more and sent him away.The day before Shuzheng's departure, he paid a speech to the President, received inquiries and withdrawn regulations, and ordered them to be read, studied and examined.The original copy of the endorsement from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was borrowed from the Secretary Office of the Returning Academy, and I took it with me to the north.The itinerary is checked day and night, and I know the pros and cons.I realized that the envoys of Kuchen must meet with merchants, so I made preparations early.When I came again, I hoped to start a frontier business, so I asked Chen Duhu and the deputy envoys to plan for public planning, and it can be started in the spring of next year.On the one hand, the country sets up additional official posts, and on the other hand, the officials of the foreign contract are subtly influenced, and gradually become an area ruled by the people.During the trip, President Chen Mingda appraised him and told him, "It's very good. It's a good idea to ask Chen Weizhu."Therefore, at the very night of parking, he took the secret case of the Mongolian governance regulations and confessed it sincerely, but he always had a different intention.It's inconvenient for Shuzheng to say anything more, so he telegraphed his opinion, and planned to discuss it with the public after the arrival of Li En's two envoys.It is known that the envoy Chen received the order from the secret of the government, and asked him not to express it in writing. He intended to collude with one or two Mongolian members and report separately. From the day Zha Shuzheng arrived in the warehouse, every word and every move, he must call the Chen government every day to check and check. The matter is based on what he has seen, heard, or inferred, and he has analyzed everything clearly.Shuzheng's general outside has great power, how can he be tame and cautious?Only relying on the prestige of the country over the years, without going out of the capital, there are many people who despise him in the world, so the desire rate is a formula, and people are accepted.Today, I respect Chen Guanjian again and pray for the inspection. The original proposal requested by TEPCO for verification and approval includes seven impossibilities and the righteousness of the clauses. Since it was sent to the Junyuan Court, the President ordered Xu to be a wise and far-sighted planner. When the public discussion is held tomorrow morning, it is necessary to hold this purpose and negotiate in harmony.In addition, those who have crossed the official system of the preparatory frontier envoys will be cut off, and Chen envoys will be instructed to handle it properly;Shuzheng also used his power on his side, and tried his best to figure it out.Shuzheng only cares about state affairs, and never cares about his reputation.In short, the frontier envoys in the Northwest are established officials in Outer Mongolia, and the official system and their functions and powers are established laws of the country. Orders cannot be changed, and quick releases are also invalid.Shuzheng was ordered to keep his job, and he would not leave his job for a day, and he would temporarily stick to the principle of changing his job for a day. Regardless of diplomacy, regardless of favor, regardless of land, he should bear full responsibility.If you quit your job tomorrow, you can ride a donkey with your scarf on and enjoy yourself on the lake; if you don't quit your job today, you won't allow anyone to violate it, and pretending to violate it is breaking the law.The Republic of China is protected by the law, and breaking the law is destroying the Republic of China, that is, the public enemy of the world, even if you have relatives, you must hate him!Shuzheng is a general of the country, and we share weal and woe with the country. To protect the law is to protect the country, all things in the bounden duty, and it is not just the bureaucracy.I would like to call Chen Jianhe.Make a tree.Ash (ten days)” Immediately after Xu Shuzheng arrived in Kulun, he found that Chen Yi had failed to grasp the key points in handling the case of withdrawal from Outer Mongolia.The most obvious characteristic of Xu is that he has high talent, can grasp the key points of problems, is proud of his talents, and is not easy to get along with others.These two characteristics are fully displayed in Cullen.He thought Chen Yi was exaggerating, so he pointed out bluntly in his telegram to the Beijing government on November 11: "Chen Shi exaggerates the truth, is eager for fame, but can't be serious; he is self-aware that his knowledge is far away, but his reality is hidden in front of him. Shuzheng dare not say anything about his true nature, but he sees it in his heart, so he dare not fully trust him..." At the same time, he ignored the instructions of the State Council (he was not allowed to intervene in Meng's affairs), and arbitrarily took the matter over and dealt with it on his own. On the 13th, he clearly stated his decision in a telegram to the Beijing government: "...However, I dare to say that it is beyond Qu (Chen)'s ability to judge things over the years. Ge Qu's judgment is inaccurate, and his desire for material things hides him. At the beginning, he has been entangled in thorns and thorns. If Shuzheng lets go of him at this time, he will stop immediately Suspended in this way, it is beyond Shuzheng's tolerance to hear that the country loses its prestige and weight....Jun Telegram is withdrawing, please sit and wait for the withdrawal. The previous telegram will only be confirmed within three to five days, and now the arrangement has been finalized. Don't bother with one soldier and one arrow, and hit the target with one shot. It's fortunate. If the shot fails, the tree is tongue-tied, and the shadow returns to the south. Wait until the day when the envoy Chen is done, and respect the sinful ears of dereliction of duty." During this period, he not only seized Chen Yi's right to negotiate, but also launched an offensive against Outer Mongolia ruler Jebtsundamba.His telegram to the Beijing government described the details in detail: "Last night, the Living Buddha sent someone to invite Yan. The Iraqi Cambodian is not as good as the ceremony, so he refused to go out. He also sent the Mongolian Prime Minister and Minister of Internal Affairs, King Bhatma, to invite him. He also severely criticized the Living Buddha's faults, and gently expressed his gratitude to the old man of Bawang. Toiled, and told him that the living Buddha was sick and his death was not far away, and asked him to show self-love in the Yellow Sect. Processing is sure to succeed. Chen envoy of the language, very much agrees. Chen envoy ordered to demonstrate to the Lama faction, Shuzheng said that the affairs of the side and the military are familiar, but the four characters of grace and power are used together, and each other is used successively , It takes a lot of consideration. As far as caress is concerned, Meng’s nature is more guessing, and power is not easy to approach, so we must first be kind to him: fear that it will be easy to see for a long time, and then use power to break it. Meng has no strength, and he must be scared. Submit to the model; if you treat him with kindness and tie his heart, he will not think of colluding with foreign aid, and he will never turn his back. Wuhou's legacy of capture and manipulation can be learned from his intentions, and slightly modified, so as to plan for a long time, not just today's plan Chen envoy also thinks so. This is beyond the power of empty words. You must always pay attention to everything, and you have to start slowly. Whether Shuzheng can speak for himself, I still hope that the temple will be counted and supervised at any time, so that It has achieved results. I would like to use Chen Ming and pray for verification. Make Shuzheng. Yuan (13)" Xu Shuzheng tried his best to put pressure on Batma. The process was detailed in his telegram to the Beijing government on November 14: "The four most important people in front of the Living Buddha are the Prime Minister and Minister of Internal Affairs Bhatmadorji, the great Sabishan Zhuoteba, the Pongchuk, and the stick cloth. They are all the highest lamas. The Living Buddha is only around him. Looking sideways. The prince’s praise and permission to withdraw the rule is called affectionate and introverted. In fact, he is fighting for power with the lama. If everything is done, the power belongs to the prince. The government has no great convenience. Chen envoy drafted sixty-three articles. Although it is not applicable, it is indeed evil. Although the living Buddha held a big meeting, it was all a strategy for the lama to order the princes to slander. When the meeting was held, the living Buddha did not ask whether or not, but asked you if you didn’t agree! The meeting was over. Although the envoy Chen wanted to make a decision quickly, he knew that the lama was evil and had no way to control it. After listening to the prince's request, the lama did not dare to approach him, and he was more restrained. This is what Shu Zheng said, "Trust the envoy Chen himself." Do it, even after years and months, it can't be decided. Knowing this, Shuzheng should capture the king first in order to capture the thief. The prince can stay indifferent for a while, and only intend to be kind to the lama, so that he can be attached, and then he will help me with kindness and power, hoping to follow my plan.He originally intended to cooperate with the envoy Chen, but every time he had a meeting with the Lama, he pleaded bitterly to Shuzheng on behalf of the prince, if Shuzheng and the prince had a deep hatred and could not be compatible, so he did not dare to fully trust him in the previous telegram. ' said also.Since the strict instruction to Daiqing King Beng Chuke, the lamas have been irrigated day by day.Knowing that Batma was snatched by the living Buddha because of the former merchant Zhuo Teba, and that all the young ones were crowned princes, but Yi only had the title of king, so he felt very upset.Moreover, the current prime minister is in charge of the government, and he is quite familiar with foreign affairs, so he can give advice on interests, so he deliberately builds trust and affection.每于大议场中，当众极与谦下，尊以老辈，誉以清操，讽以活佛多病，可接其任。看操之日，示以军规之严，军容之肃，兵士放假观剧，苦乐与共，俱知军心之固，期可入我彀中。连携与谈，皆谓现公与喇嘛相持不下，非黄教之福，宜劝活佛立功自固，勿久执迷。其实活佛应否，全惟此四人是视。而四人之中，巴年最长，位最高，活佛信任较薄，故属其尽力以自托于中央，树铮亦许以全力相辅，巴甚感戴。数往谒佛，往来三数日，佛仍推宕不应，托词非待会议，既声言外交有关。昨晚遂与勒限，谓外交有中央政府在，会议无可待，活佛向来办事不待会议，今不能独待，我只责求活佛与执事两人意见，他有异言，我自当之。执事如此高年，不惮奔走，以谋黄教之安，而活佛罪恶已极，尚不肯发一言，徒令喇嘛假威福以祸王公，王公不平即久，必思报复，争乱相寻，则黄教已矣！黄教去，蒙古必如散沙，则外蒙已矣！是执事有爱外蒙爱黄教之心，而活佛持之以酿乱也。外蒙为国家领土，我为外蒙长官，有弹压地面之责，不能坐视。请往告活佛，明日速应则已，不应当即拿解入京，听政府发落。巴又稍以俄人及蒙兵为言，意在谓如是必致惊恐地方。树铮谓即有惊恐，是昏佛使然，非我之咎。然执事至此，尚为此言，意令倾佩，真黄教之主也。渠许再往面佛力劝，更略谈其不平之事。树铮许以事定后，王衔立可册真，并其弟皆与双俸。渠更约明晚再见。今晨独坐默念，万一佛再不应，安能经行拿解？当即坐罪彼四人，责以不能善辅活佛，姑作拘禁之状以恐之，再图别策，庶刚柔相济，而不损国家之威。 正自筹酌，巴忽匆匆而来，握手告语云：昨晚别后，连夜面佛，痛陈利害，继之以泣，佛感悟，遂允撤治。惟言陈使偏袒王公，所拟条件，决不愿用。又前三音诺颜之死，佛之野子袭封，出自陈使指使，而彼今辄举之以为佛罪。加汗增入京，佛曾专函令谒大总统，请撤换陈使，故今日之事，佛不愿其与闻，亦不愿他喇嘛王公预其事，但由树铮与彼换交商定条件，具呈政府可矣等语，并缕举活佛恳代维持往事数件。树铮以机不可失，遂许以今夜偕其谒佛面商，决不令佛有失体面，或喇嘛王公有何不均。巴称谢而去。临行又坚请守密，深盼定后再告他人云云。俟议定后，详电驰报。 "