Chapter 36 35. The first government of the Republic of China

After Nanjing made compromises and agreed to Yuan Shikai’s provisional presidency in Beijing, Yuan Sui telegraphed his oath of office to the Senate on March 8, the first year of the Republic of China. The original telegram is as follows: "Public records of the Nanjing Senate: Ma (sixth) telegram. All the six articles discussed are approved. He is honored with virtue, accepted and recommended, and encouraged to be a public servant. I hereby send an oath by telegram according to the second method of the Senate's resolution on the sixth day of March. The following is the oath, please announce it on your behalf. The text reads: The construction of the Republic of China is in full swing, and all people are waiting to be governed. Shikai will do his utmost to carry forward the spirit of republic and clean up the filth of autocracy! Adhere to the constitution, follow the wishes of the people, The Qida country is in a safe and strong area, so that the five major nationalities can enjoy the same benefits. Fanzi volunteers, take the lead! Once the Congress is convened and the first president is selected, Shikai will be dismissed immediately. Sincerely, I swear Compatriots. On the eighth day of March in the first year of the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai."

This historic presidential oath was written by Ye Gongchuo and polished by Liang Shiyi.At this time, Liang Shiyi was already an important think tank of Yuan. During the peace talks between the North and the South, Liang served as the deputy minister of the Ministry of Posts and Communications to act as Yang Shiqi's ministry affairs.Before Zhangde entered Beijing, Yuan sent someone to inform Liang, saying: "The current situation, the southern military has not yet ended, and the northern politics are full of clues. Lai Yansun (Liang Shiyi) is in the middle of planning. Please make arrangements with Shaochuan (Tang Shaoyi) .”

At this point in the situation, Nanjing's plan to lure Yuan Shikai to Nanjing was completely defeated, so the provisional Senate drafted a "Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China".It turned out that when the Nanjing Provisional Government was first established, it was formed according to the "Organization Outline of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China".From February 7th to March 8th of the first year of the Republic of China, after a month of meetings, the entire case will be passed and announced on March 11th.The biggest difference between the "Provisional Constitution" and the "Interim Government Organization Outline" is that the "Provisional Government Organization Outline" adopts a presidential system, while the "Provisional Constitution" adopts a responsible cabinet system. The "Provisional Constitution" has seven chapters, namely: 1. General outline; 2. People; 3. Senate; 4. Provisional President and Vice President;

The responsible cabinet system was originally advocated by Song Jiaoren, but during the Nanjing Provisional Government, other major revolutionary cadres did not agree with it.When Yuan Shikai became president, he was afraid that the power of the president would be too great, so he hastily drafted the "Interim Constitution", hoping to use this "Convention" to limit Yuan's ambitions.As a result, Yuan regarded this "Yuefa" as waste paper. From the day when Yuan Shikai swore the oath by telegram to April 1 when President Sun was relieved of his duties, during those 20 days or so, Yuan in the north no longer referred to him as "the new interim president" but instead called him "the president". Because Yuan believed that since he had been sworn in, it was of course justified.In fact, the procedures for Yuan to take over the position had not been completed, so at that time Beijing and Nanjing each had a government, each had a president, and each had its own set of policies. It can be said to be a strange phenomenon when the Republic of China was born.

Yuan had already been sworn in as the interim president, and then he needed to be busy organizing a cabinet. Sun Yuyun, the governor of Anhui who belonged to the Tongmenghui, called to propose Mr. Sun Yat-sen to form a cabinet, and Lu Rongting, the governor of Guangxi who was not a member of the Tongmenghui, immediately agreed.At this time, some people also advocated asking Huang Xing to form a cabinet, but Yuan himself had already made up his mind. The candidate in his mind was his old friend and important diplomatic helper Tang Shaoyi. A foreshadowing of his future role was arranged.Because Tang got along very well with the southern revolutionaries, was well versed in Western affairs, and had a good relationship with Britain and the United States, so in the Yuan family, Tang was an ideal candidate who could be accepted by both China and foreign countries.

On March 13, Yuan Shikai formally nominated Tang Shaoyi as Prime Minister to the Nanjing Senate, and the Nanjing Senate agreed. On March 25, Tang Shaoyi came to Nanjing in person. On March 29, he attended the Senate to express his political opinions, and submitted the list of new cabinets for voting as follows: Minister of Foreign Affairs Lu Zhengxiang (at that time was ambassador to Russia, so Hu Weide acted) Zhao Bingjun Xiong Xiling Duan Qirui Chief of the Navy Liu Guanxiong Cai Yuanpei Attorney General Wang Chonghui Song Gyo-in Chen Qimei, Minister of Industry and Commerce (not in office, acted by Wang Zhengting)

Liang Ruhao, who was originally nominated for the chief of transportation, was not approved by the Senate, and Tang Shaoyi was temporarily appointed.Later, Shi Zhaoji acted as an agent. This list seems to contain all aspects, because although Tang is a close friend of Yuan, he is also a good friend with the Tongmenghui. Lu Zhengxiang is a diplomat without party and affiliation. Xiong Xiling is a constitutional monarchist. Zhao Bingjun, Duan Qirui, and Liu Guanxiong, while the Tongmenghui had Cai Yuanpei, Wang Chonghui, Song Jiaoren, and Chen Qimei.Yuan thought that this was a very fair distribution, but in fact it was deceitful, because Tang Shaoyi was an old friend of Yuan, while Lu Zhengxiang was a vassal of Yuan's clique, and the constitutional monarchy faction chose a pro-Yuan line between the Tongmenghui and the Yuan clique.Therefore, in the Tang cabinet, the six important departments of foreign affairs, internal affairs, finance, military affairs, and transportation were all in the hands of Yuan, and what the Tongmenghui got was education, justice, agriculture, forestry, and industry and commerce.

The Tongmenghui originally recommended Huang Xing to continue to be the Chief of the Army in the new cabinet. Of course, this was to limit Yuan's military privileges and prevent him from using the country's army as a personal tool.But this is just an illusion, because Yuan Shikai absolutely needs to control the army as the basis of his own strength, so he will never give up the position of army chief to someone other than the Yuan family, let alone the leader of the "strength faction" of the Tongmenghui Huang Xing, so he only agreed to reassign Huang Xing as chief of staff.The General Staff Headquarters was a nominal institution at the time, and of course Huang Xing resolutely refused to accept this empty post.

Although Tang Shaoyi is an old friend of Yuan, but he is not from the Beiyang Army. He and Yuan are between friends and subordinates, unlike people in the Beiyang Army, who treat Yuan as a parent. Therefore, on the one hand, he has Yuan's closeness and respect. On the one hand, he was excluded and slandered by Yuan's subordinates.During the peace talks between the North and the South, Tang and the representatives of the South agreed to establish a "National Assembly" to solve the problem of the new country's state system. The members of the meeting were the 14 provinces occupied by the revolutionary soldiers and the eight provinces ruled by the Qing court. Each province was organized by three people. Of.Yuan believed that Tang had agreed to the ratio of representatives to the National Assembly without asking him for instructions, which put the North in the minority and was at an absolute disadvantage.

On March 26, the Nanjing Provisional Government held a public banquet for Tang Shaoyi at the Presidential Palace.During the banquet, Cai Yuanpei stood up and gave a speech, highly praised Tang Shaoyi, and then raised his glass to celebrate the approval of the Tang cabinet by the Senate. He wished that the first cabinet of the Republic of China would have satisfactory achievements, and finally hoped that Tang could join the Tongmenghui and implement the Tongmenghui’s political platform policy .Then Huang Xing also stood up to persuade, and all the participants applauded to express their approval.

When Tang Shaoyi went south from Beijing, Yuan had repeatedly urged Tang to establish a friendly and deep relationship with the revolutionary party as much as possible. Tang Ben had a good impression of the people in the south, so Tang was very happy to accept the proposal of Cai and Huang.Ju Zhengnai left the meeting and took out the letter of volunteering to join the League and gave it to Tang Shaoyi. Tang immediately signed the affidavit, and Cai Yuanpei and Huang Xing signed it as introducers. President Sun Da signed the main oath, and Tang Shaoyi took the oath. Long live the League, and the host and guest are happy to part. This time Tang Nan came, in addition to the dissatisfaction of the Beiyang military department due to joining the alliance, there was another thing that aroused the anger of the Beiyang soldiers. It is an unforgivable act for soldiers to enter Beijing.Zhao Bingjun's letter to the general board of directors of the Beijing Normal University said: "I don't care about sending troops to the north to come to the Tang monarch. I saw the president (Yuan) in the morning and agreed with him. We must try our best to negotiate. If you don't come, it's right." Li Shucheng to Xiong Xiling Dian Youyun: "State servants led the guards to the north, which was the speech that Prime Minister Tang made up with the public in Nanjing at that time." In addition, what the Beiyang soldiers hated the most was that Tang advocated the cooperation of Sun, Yuan, Li, and Huang in order to lay the foundation of the Republic of China.In the eyes of the Beiyang soldiers, the cooperation of these four giants means the decline of the Beiyang military system. On April 1, the first year of the Republic of China, President Sun Da went to the Provisional Senate to officially announce his dismissal, and delivered a speech saying: "The president of the Republic of China came to Nanjing to take office on the first day of the first month of the Republic of China. Today, on the first day of the fourth month, he announced his dismissal to your court....Since March, the north and the south have been unified, and the war has ended, resulting in a completely intact Republic of China...The president of the country has been accepted At the beginning of my tenure, I did not expect to have such a good result, nor did I expect to be able to establish such a great cause in a very short period of time... Now the cabinet of the Prime Minister Tang Shaoyi has been established, and the president of the country should be dismissed from office. I am here today. Declare....After the founding of the Republic of China, all citizens of the Republic of China have a national duty. What is a duty? That is to promote world peace....Promoting peace is the duty of the citizens of the Republic of China....The president dismissed Afterwards, as a citizen of the Republic of China, the government is no more than a very small organ, and its power is no more than a small part of the people. Most of the power is still in our people. The dismissal of the president today is not a success, but a fact. I want to use the status of the citizens of the Republic of China to work together with 40 million people to form a solid foundation for the Republic of China and hope for world peace. I hope that your court and the future government will encourage the people and perform their duties together. From now on, the Republic of China can be a civilized country. To make the world stage enjoy the happiness of peace and happiness is certainly not the ambition of the first person.” After President Sun finished his speech, he returned the Presidential Seal to the Senate, and the Senate responded as follows: "...Mr. Zhongshan made a great wish to save the country, first established the banner of the republic, and ran around under the power of autocracy. There were many people who were on the verge of death, but he resolutely did not stop. Twenty years have been like a day. The Wuhan Uprising has not been a month, and it has responded to the whole world. The second reason is that Mr. Yiyi’s propaganda and advocacy was due to the fact that the Qing Dynasty was destroyed. When the Republic of China was not yet unified, the people of the country rushed to build a provisional government in Nanjing. The interim president, who took office for only forty days, immediately abdicated the Qing emperor with peaceful measures, and made a unified decision. He did not endure the loss of life, and complained to the army; There is a long way to go, but success is not the only one. Its noble and pure style is already the style of the world. Today, on the day when Mr. President relieves the post of interim president, this court represents the whole country. When it was established, Mr. You really nurtured it; when the nation flourished, Mr. You Lai inspired and revived it; if it is beneficial to the Republic of China, it will be in the government and in the opposition, and the responsibility is the same. After President Roosevelt was dismissed, he traveled around and gave speeches. In the United States of America, I wish Mr. Roosevelt the best wishes of the people of the country." These two speeches are full of sincere feelings, not ordinary official entertainment, what Mr. Sun Yat-sen expects from himself, and what the people of the country expect from Mr. Yu can be said to be just right.When we read these founding documents today, we can imagine that the great men who founded the Republic of China were graceful, humble and sincere, which makes people yearn for it. On April 2, the Provisional Senate resolved that the Provisional Government of the Republic of China be moved to Beijing, and the Senate also scheduled its opening ceremony in Beijing on April 29. On April 6, the Senate handed over the list of all senators to Tang Shaoyi to telegraph President Yuan Da.Tang Dian said: "The Senate's message. This court has decided to move to Beijing. Starting from the eighth day of April, the meeting will be suspended for 15 days. We will gather in Beijing on the 21st, and the report has been made by Song Dian. Please designate the venue first, and call During the term, we will send staff to entertain each of them. Check that there are now 49 senators from all provinces in the house. List the number of senators in the whole house, indicate the provinces, and list the names of the speaker, deputy speaker and reviewers. As well as the chief inspector of the review committee, and the names of the review committee members are listed separately, please check the photos, so as to designate a suitable place, so that after the members arrive in Beijing, the meeting can be held on a regular basis. This is for the President. Plan to send a list. Each province The names of the number of senators present are as follows: Zhili: Gu Zhongxiu Fengtian: Wu Jinglian Henan: Li Cui, Chen Jingnan, Ding Tingjian, Zhang Qi and Li Zaigeng Shandong: Shi Zexian Yu Hongqi Chen Mingguan Peng Zhanyuan Liu Xingnan Shanxi: Li Su Liu Mao Award Shaanxi: Zhao Shiyu Hunan: Peng Yunyi, Liu Yan, Ouyang Zhensheng, Qin Zhen Hubei: Tian Tong, Liu Daoren, Hu Bingke, Ouyang Qixun Anhui: Hu Shaobin Chang Hengfang Ling Yi Jiangsu: Yang Tingdong, Chen Taoyi, Ling Wenyuan Jiangxi: Wen Qun Tang Yi Wang Youlan Zhejiang: Wang Zhengting Yin Ruli Huang Qun Fujian: Lin Sen Pan Zuyi Guangdong: Qian Shufen Gold Medal Zhao Shibei Guangxi: Deng Jiayan, Zeng Yan, Liu Jue Sichuan: Li Zhaofu and Xiong Chengzhang in Yellow Tree Yunnan: Duan Yuqing, former minister of Zhang Yao Guizhou: Wen Chong Gao Ping Gang Speaker: Lin Sen; Deputy Speaker: Wang Zhengting.Chairman of the review: Li Zhaofu.The Diplomatic Examiner has yet to be named.Examiners Liu Yan, Qian Shufen, Liu Xingnan, Wu Jinglian.The Chief Examiner of the petition has not yet been approved, and the examiners are Li Chu, Liu Maoshang, Deng Jiayan, Zeng Yan, and Liu Jue.Chief Legal Prosecutor Wang Zhengting, examiners Wang Youlan, Peng Yunyi, Gu Zhongxiu, Zhao Shibei, Ping Gang, Tang Yi, Xiong Chengzhang, Zhang Yaozeng.Chief Financial Inspector Pan Zuyi, inspectors Li Zhaofu, Ouyang Zhensheng, Wen Qun, Yin Ruli, Xi Pinchen, and Huang Shuzhong.The law of the Senate has been resolved by this court for consultation, and its fourth chapter, Article 26, contains the five departments of the legal system, finance, public affairs, petitions, and punishment.The incidents in the headquarters of each nomination review are like this.This time, it is still provisionally stipulated in the court law before it is decided, and it should be checked after the court moves to Beijing to make another statement according to the law branch of the court.The sixth day of April in the first year and other languages.instrument.Yu.print. " Yuan refused to give Huang Xing the post of chief of the army, but he had to settle down with Huang Xing, because Huang Xing's reputation at that time was second only to Sun Yat-sen.Yuan Sui issued an order on March 30: "Appoint Huang Xing as chief of staff. This order." At that time, the chief of staff had neither personnel power nor command power. He was simply a chief of staff, so Huang resolutely resigned.His resignation message said: "President Yuan ordered Yixing to succeed him as chief of staff, and he has already resigned. It is urgent to maintain the order of the army in the Liangjiang area. Xing Zong has the ambition to return to seclusion. Our compatriots in the military circles have discussed and asked Prime Minister Tang to come up with a proper method to ensure that all the troops in the south can be properly deployed and their positions can be settled. Once the layout is settled, we will retire and fulfill our original intention." In order to arrange it, it is really difficult to deal with the aftermath. Huang Xing is the most ideal candidate to take charge of the overall arrangement.However, this job is thankless, and Huang Xingbo, chief of staff, chose a thankless job. This also shows the great mind of the revolutionaries who are brave in doing things and do not seek fame and fortune. Yuan Shikai appointed Huang Xing to stay in Nanjing on March 31, and still govern the southern armies.After the establishment of the Liushoufu, its organization and personnel are as follows: Chief of General Staff: Li Shucheng, Secretary-General: Chen Fengguang, Chief of Military Affairs: Zhang Xiaozhun, Chief of Staff: Ou Jinwen, Chief of Political Affairs: Ma Liang, Deputy Chief: Xu Shaoqiu, Chief of General Affairs: He Chengjun, Chief of Ordnance: Zeng Zhaowen , Chief of Quartermaster: Xu Guiting. The units and their supervisors under the jurisdiction of Liushoufu are: Principal of the Military Academy: Jin Yongyan, Chief of Enlisted Students: Shen Jing, Commander of the Four-Road Fortress: Guan Chengkun, Commander of the Gendarmerie: Mao Naifeng, Principal of the Quartermaster School: Liu Wenzao, Director of the Survey Bureau: Zhang Huanqi, Director of the Jinling Machinery Bureau: Bin Bu Cheng, patrol chief: Wu Zhongxin, prefect of Nanjing Prefecture: Fang Qian. On April 14, Yuan Shikai promulgated the "Regulations on Staying in Nanjing", and the Zhili President of the Staying House had the responsibility to maintain the southern armies and Nanjing.The main purpose of the establishment of the Liushoufu was to reorganize and abolish the southern armies, while at the same time taking into account and preserving the strength of the revolution.At that time, the designation of the Nanjing Garrison consisted of seven armies, 26 divisions, and 51 brigades.It is said that there are 300,000 people, but they have different establishments and names, and the situation is very complicated.The strength of a division ranges from 1,000 to several hundred. The division commanders all consider themselves to have contributed to the revolution. In the Qin and Mu Chu Dynasties, soldiers were used as personal capital. Huang Xing formed a model army "Eighth Division" during his tenure in staying behind, and wanted to use this army as the backbone of the revolution.The Eighth Division was reorganized from the merger of Zhao Hengti's headquarters and the Guangxi Patrol Army. Zhao Hengti was originally planned to be appointed as the division commander. Because of the need to perfunctory the north, Chen Zhiji, Feng Guozhang's son-in-law, was reassigned as the commander of the Eighth Division. Huang Xing was determined not to accept the post of chief of staff, and Yuan wanted to give it to Xu Shaozhen, commander of the Nanjing Garrison.Xu is a good gentleman, but he also said that he would not do it.Yuan Nai asked Vice President Li Yuanhong to serve concurrently. Although Li agreed, he refused to leave Wuchang, so Li led the vice president and chief of staff in Wuchang.Chen Huan acted as chief of staff with the position of deputy chief of staff. On May 1, the Senate re-elected the speaker, electing Wu Jinglian as the speaker and Tang Hualong as the vice speaker. On the 2nd, Premier Tang Shaoyi led the chief ministers of various cabinet ministries to attend the Senate to report his political views. Tang Shaoyi delivered a speech in the capacity of cabinet Kui first. He said: The cabinet will follow President Yuan Da's governance principles-it is recommended to start with prudence and deal with facts.In the future, governance will be prioritized. The first is to divide the army and the civilians; the second is to reduce the number of troops and streamline the army; the third is to strictly abide by the treaties signed by the Qing Dynasty with other countries; the fourth is to improve the law and establish an independent judicial system; The fifth is to popularize education; the sixth is to unify the currency system and rectify finance; the seventh is to revitalize industry and develop transportation. Liu Guanxiong, the chief of the navy, made the second speech. He believed that there were four urgent tasks for the navy, all of which needed money to handle. One was the navy’s perennial funding and the promotion of schools, sending more foreign students, which cost about 3.2 million yuan per year; More than 2 million yuan; the third is that I still need to pay 10 million yuan for patrol boats, gun boats, and torpedo boats that have been fixed at various factories inside and outside; the fourth is the annual maintenance fee of 1.3 million yuan. Duan Qirui, Chief of the Army, said in his speech: After the reunification of the government, a plan to divide the army and the people should be prepared. One is to streamline the army to restore local order. After the Wuchang Uprising, the provinces recruited themselves, and the number of troops was almost doubled. Disbandment is necessary; the second is to establish a lifelong service for officers; the third is to cultivate army talents, investigate the qualifications of officers, and distinguish their conditions so that they can be sent to the East or the West; the fourth is to formulate a conscription system; the fifth is to establish an ordnance factory; factory; seven is to improve the horse administration. Song Jiaoren, Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, said in a speech: Agriculture and forestry policies should follow a gradual policy, and the ten-year tree is exactly what it means.Agriculture is purely a production enterprise, and the key point is to increase productivity. There are three ways to increase land productivity: one is to reclaim wasteland; the other is to repair forestry; the third is to promote water conservancy.In addition, agricultural financial and educational institutions were set up to boost productivity. In his speech, Chief Justice Wang Chonghui said: There are five steps to rectify the judiciary. One is to implement judicial independence and avoid administrative interference; It can restrain judges and sue on behalf of the people; the fourth is to adopt the jury system to show justice; the fifth is to improve prisons. Cai Yuanpei, Minister of Education, delivered a speech. He first put forward the education policy, which is divided into general education to cultivate the sound personality of the people, and specialized education to cultivate specialized talents; second, the educational facilities are also general education and specialized education; third, to delineate the administrative authority of the central education; The fourth is the regulation of education funds; the fifth is the analysis of the current situation of capital education; the sixth is the plan for overseas students. In his speech, Shi Zhaoji, Chief of Transportation, said: The traffic situation was affected by the military incident, the organization was not complete, and the loss was extremely heavy.When the Republic of China was first established, all the four administrations of roads, telecommunications, postal services, and aviation had to be comprehensively planned. Now it is planned to be divided into three steps. Acting General Manager of Industry and Commerce Wang Zhengting delivered a speech. He said that industry and commerce is the lifeblood of the whole country. The measures to revitalize industry and commerce: first, remove obstacles to industry and commerce; second, protect existing industry and commerce. After the founding of the Republic of China, the main problem of the government was finances, so the speech by Chief Financial Officer Xiong Xiling to the Senate is an important piece of information.He analyzed the financial situation at that time, and at the same time explained how to rectify the financial situation. He said: In the last years of the Qing Dynasty, the finances were on the verge of bankruptcy, and the Republic of China was established. Because the provinces declared independence, the finances became more divided.The characteristic of the current fiscal situation is that there is only expenditure and no income, and the expenses of expenditure are all due to borrowing from foreign countries. This is a very dangerous situation.Regarding the situation of financial deficit, it can be divided into two ends: (A) Finance before the era of the Republic of China: (1) Insufficient annual revenue of more than 54 million taels; (2) Additional preparation funds of 24 million taels; (3) New foreign debt interest payments of more than 10 million taels.The total of the above three items is less than 88 million taels. (B) Finance after the era of the Republic of China: (1) Temporary preparation funds of about 110 million taels of silver (20.8 million taels of internal and external debts, 19.2 million taels of military pay from the north and the south, 60 million taels of empathy, and 10 million taels of construction). (2) Insufficient funds throughout the year, about 170.52 million taels of silver (50 million taels of internal revenue reduction, 30 million taels of military expenditure increase, 2.52 million taels of domestic debt interest, and 88 million taels of the old balance).The total of the above two items is less than 280.52 million taels. As a result of the whole situation, the finances are extremely poor, and the economy is in financial distress. Therefore, the Ministry of Finance has to review the priorities of the current situation, and decide the order of the measures, and formulate a total of eight strategies: one is to reduce military expenditures.Since the provinces became independent before the establishment of the Republic of China, military expenditures were the bulk of expenditures, so it should be explained that the central government’s funds were all withheld, so the first task was to reduce military expenditures; the second was to establish a national bank with a view to financial revival and industrial and commercial revitalization; the third was to start casting general-purpose silver dollars. Abolish the habit of giving birth to silver; the fourth is to improve the tax rules so that the burden of the people is equal, especially the land tax and the stamp income tax should be changed first, but it will take time, and the deed tax and liquor tax can be processed quickly; the fifth is to plan the monopoly of salt and tobacco; the sixth is to divide the national tax and local tax The seventh is to formulate accounting regulations to ensure the accuracy of cashiers; the eighth is to organize public debts to protect the credit of the people. From Xiong Xiling's report in the Senate, we can see the financial difficulties and serious situation in the early days of the Republic of China.There is no such strange government in the world that relies entirely on foreign debt to meet its expenditures. On May 3, Yuan Shikai approved Cai Yuanpei's proposal to change the name of the Imperial University Hall to Peking University, change the director of the University Hall to the president of the university, and appointed Yan Fu as the first president of Peking University.The predecessor of Jingshi Datang was Guanshuju, and the predecessor of Guanshuju was Jingshiqiang Society. On May 6, Liang Shiyi, Secretary-General of the Presidential Palace, increased the capital of the Bank of Communications, which was on the verge of bankruptcy, and resumed business.The Bank of Communications was originally founded by Liang, but was later squeezed out by Sheng Xuanhuai and left. Now Liang is Yuan's favorite, so he took back the Bank of Communications and became the Prime Minister himself. On May 27, the Bank of Great Qing was reorganized (established in the 33rd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, with half of the government and commercial shares) as the Bank of China, and designated as the central bank of the Republic of China government, and Wu Dingchang was appointed as the supervisor of the Bank of China. On May 7, Yuan appointed Wei Chenzuo as Secretary-General of the State Council, Zhang Guogan as Director of Civil Service, and Feng Youyou as interim Director of Jixun. On May 18, Yuan Ling changed the Zhengqing of the Dali Yuan to the president of the Dali Yuan and appointed Xu Shiying as the president.